Waternomics - ICT for Water Resource Management - (Engineers Ireland West, NUIG, 11-11-2014)

@WATERNOMICS_EU www.waternomics.eu
Project co-funded by the European
Commission within the 7th Framework
Program (Grant Agreement No. 619660)
ICT FOR WATER RESOURCE
MANAGEMENT

@WATERNOMICS_EU www.waternomics.eu2
PRESENTATION LAYOUT
1. Introduction and Project Overview (EC)
2. Standards based Methodology (MMcC)
3. ICT & Water Data (DC)
4. Automated Fault Detection Diagnosis (DC)
5. Linked Data & User Engagement (WF)
6. Pilot Plan & Implementation (MMcC)
7. Conclusions (MMcC)
Speakers: Eoghan Clifford (EC) - NUIG
Daniel Coakley (DC) - NUIG
Willem Fabritus (WF) - DERI
Mark McCaffrey (MMcC) - NUIG

THE CHALLENGE AND
PROJECT OVERVIEW
Eoghan Clifford

THE CHALLENGE
Water resources are under stress due to:
• Climate change
• Urbanisation
• Increased world population
• Resource demand
• Water Scarcity
• Need for resource security & supply
The question:
How can ICT help in securing
access to sufficient and safe
water?

THE WATER CHALLENGE
• Global energy and water demand is expected to rise
40% over the next 20 years
• By 2025, 1.8 billion people will live in water scarce
regions and two thirds subjected to water stress
• 20-40% of Europe’s water is being wasted
• Water supply and sanitation is a large energy
consumer.
–Represents 19% of electricity and 30% of natural gas
consumption in California
• Europe has the opportunity to pursue a global
leadership position in water-related ICT technologies

THE PROGRAM
ICT for Water
• 10 projects;
• Timeline: 2012 – 2017;
• Total budget: ~40 million euro;
• Contribution EC: 29 million euro.
• DAIAD
• ISS-EWATUS
• SmartH2O
• WISDOM
www.ict4water.eu

Key facts about Waternomics
▶ Type of project: Collaborative project
▶ Project start date: February 2014
▶ Duration: 36 months
▶ Call: FP7-ICT-2013-11
▶ Effort: 416 PM
▶ Budget: €4.287M
▶ Max EC contribution: €2.905M
▶ Grant No.: 619660
▶ Consortium: 9 partners
▶ Countries: 4
▶ SMEs: 4
▶ Pilots: 3

CONSORTIUM OVERVIEW

Concrete Objectives
• To introduce demand response and accountability principles
(water footprint) in the water sector
• To engage consumers in new interactive and personalized ways
that bring water efficiency to the forefront and leads to changes in
water behaviours
• To empower corporate decision makers and municipal area
managers with a water information platform together with
relevant tools and methodologies to enact ICT-enabled water
management programs
• To promote ICT enabled water awareness using airports and
water utilities as pilot examples
• To make possible new water pricing options and policy actions by
combining water availability and consumption data
WATERNOMICS will provide personalised and actionable
information on water consumption and water availability to
individual households, companies and cities in an intuitive &
effective manner at relevant time-scales for decision making

STAKEHOLDERS AND IMPACT AREAS

MANAGEMENT TREATMENT DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION PURIFICATION
Demand Management
• Demand Forecasting
• Consumption pattern analysis
• Real-time consumption data
Asset management
• Non-revenue water (leakage)
• Wireless sensor networks
• Real-time monitoringDecision Support Systems
• Real-time sampling
• Water availability prediction
• Energy aware network control
Integrated solutions
• Internet of things
• Network virtualization
• Convergence water & energy
• Open platforms
User awareness
• Transparent costs
• Feedback systems
• Flexible tariffs
Business
• Business Models
• Policies
IMPACT AREAS

LOCATION
Domestic Corporate Public
THERMI, GREECE LINATE AIRPORT, MILIAN, ITALY GALWAY, IRELAND
Domestic users and utility providers. Corporate users School and University (Public users)
KEYOUTCOMES
• Metering - Identify, inform and gain
consent of user-base;
• Metrics - metrics for both utilities
and consumers
• Management - Link the
Waternomics Platform to the Utility
database;
• Tariffs - gain feedback on feasibility
and efficiency of flexible tariffing;
• Accessibility - Feedback from
utilities and consumers on:
interaction with the system and ease
of data accessibility;
• Awareness - raising user
awareness or water consumption,
and changes in consumer
behaviour.
• Technical – sensor locations, data
and communication architecture on a
large site (e.g. minimal metering)
• Reporting – relevant KPI’s;
• Economical – Cost/Benefits
• Business Model – new services and
value proposition;
• Improved management and
processes;
• Certifications for energy and water
efficiency
• Savings – real-time data to inform (i)
novel business models, (ii) fault/leak
detection, (iii) water network
optimisation;
• Corporate image – CSR and public
awareness
• Awareness - test bed for user
awareness and gamification
• Awareness - Involve younger
audience in water issues
• Education - Use pilots as a means to
engage students (e.g. data analysis,
app development, research projects
etc.)
• Efficiency - Save water and energy
• Management - Enable more efficient
water management
• System operation - Fault detection
and diagnosis
PILOT SITES

STANDARDS BASED
METHODOLOGY
Mark McCaffrey

WHERE TO BEGIN? - WATER CERTIFICATES
Report by R2M

WHERE TO BEGIN? - STANDARDS
• Work Package 2 – “Standards-Based ICT-Enabled
Water Management Systems”
Table 1: Existing Standards
EnMS
WaMSISO 14064

ISO STANDARDS – PDCA - AUDITING
This standard can be used to define the main steps to carry out a water audit in the WATERNOMICS project.
Definition of the exact steps and phases in application to Water is still underway in Waternomics
Figure 1 — Energy management system model
Ref: ISO 50001 International Standard
Figure 2 – Auditing scheme

ENERGY-WATER KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER
-Water is a Resource just like Energy is.
-Electrical Energy is a ‘flow’ of electrons.
-In any flow there will be losses and
inefficiencies.
-Both can be monitored and measured.
BL: Many of the same principals apply.

ENERGY-WATER KNOWLEDGE TRANSFER
• Water / Energy Planning Process
water
Water
water
water
water
water
water
water Ref: (adapted from)
ISO 50001
International
Standard

ICT AND WATER DATA
Daniel Coakley

OPPORTUNITY FOR ICT IN WATER
The worldwide market for two-way smart meters was worth $575 million at the end
of 2013 and is expected to increase to $1.1 billion in 2019. Managed services,
analytics and smart water network adoption are all combining to accelerate growth,
IHS Technology said.

DRIVERS OF CONVERGENCE OF ICT
Internet of Things (IoT) - global network of
sensors, equipment, appliances, and other
objects;
Big Data – 4 V’s of Big Data;
Machine to Machine Communication (M2M) –
enabling this global IoT network to communicate
in real-time;
Cloud Computing – IaaS, PaaS, and SaaS

INTERNET OF THINGS

FOUR V’S OF BIG DATA

CLOUD COMPUTING
• Software as a Service (SaaS)
• Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

DATA IN BUILDINGS

RELEVANT KPI’S
• Energy-Water Nexus
• Data -> Information - Key Performance Indicators (KPI’s)
–Cost benefits (€’s saved)
–Resource use (kg fuel, m3, kWh etc.)
–Environmental impacts (CO2 equivalent etc.)

PILOT 1: ENGINEERING BUILDING
• Completed 2011
• 14,000 m2
• 100 Staff
• 1000 Students
• 400 rooms
• 4000 sensors
• Live access to data

DATA SILOS (ENGINEERING BUILDING)
Building Information Model (BIM)
• Geometry,
• Materials,
• Constructions etc.
Building Management
System (BMS)
• Temperature,
• CO2
• Set points,
• Schedules,
• Energy & Water;
Occupants
• Connected devices
(WiFi, Cellular);
• Feedback;
Rooms
• Booking schedules;
• Lecture timetables;
Weather Station
• Wind speed;
• Temperature;
• Humidity;
• Rainfall.
Technical
documentation
• Drawings
• Op &
Maintenance
manuals for
equipment etc.

BMS: HOT WATER SYSTEM

WATERNNOMICS CLOUD PLATFORM

APPLICATIONS: AFDD & LEAK
DETECTION
Daniel Coakley

I2E2 PROJECT BACKGROUND
Background
• Air Handling Units (AHUs) provide conditioned air for clean
rooms, offices, data-centres, etc.
• Issue: Costly faults present in many AHUs
• Constraint: Facilities departments have limited resources
• Solution: Automated fault detection and diagnosis: automating the
detection of faults and their causes in physical systems;
Project Overview
• Three year project (Mar 2011 – Mar 2014), funded by I2E2
(through Enterprise Ireland);
• Academic: NUI Galway and University College Cork;
• 6 Industrial Partners;
• Access to data from >200 AHU’s on 7 sites;

TYPICAL FAULTS
• Leaking / Stuck Dampers
• Leaking / Stuck Valves
(Heating / Cooling)
• Incorrect Operation
–Scheduling
–Set points
–Components in Manual Mode
• Poor Design (over/under
capacity)
• Lack of Maintenance
–Clogged filters
–Fouled coils

FDD TECHNIQUES
• FDD automates the process of detecting and diagnosing faults
• A rule based FDD tool can be developed and implemented in industry
relatively quickly utilizing existing equipment
FDD Methods
Quantitative Model
Based
Detailed
Physical Models
Simplified
Physical Models
Qualitative
Model Based
Rule Based
Qualitative
Physics Based
Process History
Based
Black Box
Gray Box

PROCESS OVERVIEW
Record • Building Management System (BMS)
Collect • HVAC Console (DAQ System)
Store • MySQL Database
Analyse • I2E2 AFDD Tool – Java-based Ruleset
Visualise • Web Interface

AFDD TOOL IN BETA TESTING
38

LINKS TO WATER SYSTEMS
• Similar principals may be applied to detection of faults
in water pumping equipment, leak detection and water
infrastructure prognostics;
• Analysis of data from pumping equipment, flow meters,
energy data, pressure sensors as well as static inputs
(pipe diameter, length, construction) can provide a
valuable insight into performance and degradation of
system over time;
• WATERNOMICS proposes to use existing infrastructure
combined with novel wireless sensors (acoustics,
vibration etc.) to provide this analysis, for the purpose of:
– Pumping equipment fault detection;
– Leak detection;
– Drought monitoring and warning systems;
– System optimisation.

LINKED DATA
Willem Fabritius

Q - Where in my building is
water consumed the most?
Q - Who uses those facilities?
Q - How much water can I afford
to consume next month?
Q - What about hot water?

USER ENGAGEMENT
Willem Fabritius

USER GROUP GOALS
Goals for Waternomics pilot in Galway
Students
• Increase awareness of building water consumption
• Encourage water conservation behaviour
Facility Managers
• Reporting on building water usage & leak detection
• Predictions on water consumption and drought

USER ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Gamification is the use of game elements and
game design techniques in non game contexts.
- Werbach, 2012

GAMIFICATION

GAMIFICATION
Game Elements

GAMIFICATION EXAMPLES
Nike Plus

GAMIFICATION FOR WATERNOMICS
Competition based strategy
for water conservation
Lucid Dashboard
Campus Conservation Nationals

USER ENGAGEMENT STRATEGIES
Feedback on individual or group behaviours with a goal
of reducing environmental impact
- Froehlich, 2010

ECO-FEEDBACK
The Waterpebble
Shower Calendar

WATER CONSUMPTION - FIXTURE

WATER CONSUMPTION - TIME

WATER CONSUMPTION - LOCATION

WATER CONSUMPTION - OCCUPANT

KIOSK DISPLAYS
School
University

PILOT PLAN AND
IMPLEMENTATION
Mark McCaffrey

PILOT PLAN & IMPLEMENTATION
FOCUS
&
RELEVANCY
The Pareto principle (also
known as the 80–20 rule, the
law of the vital few, and the
principle of factor sparsity)
states that, for many events,
roughly 80% of the effects
come from 20% of the causes.

WATERNOMICS PILOT PROGRESS
Pilot Name Progress To Date
Engineering Building, NUIG, Galway, Ireland
(University Building)
(Using as the initial test bed)
•Sankey visualisation being created
•Water Audits being carried out:
•Data collection
•Benchmarking existing water/energy usage
Coláiste na Coiribe, Galway, Ireland
(School) – At Ground Works stage
•Construction M&E drawings being assessed and
listing of all end uses completed (more next slide)
Linate Airport, Milano, Italy
(Airport)
•V. Large - R2M working closely to define pilot
area
•Water Audits being carried out
•Data collection
•Benchmarking existing water/energy usage
Thermi, Greece
(Domestic)
•Some Data Collection
•Meetings
•Site visits

• Coláiste na Coiribe pilot
–M&E drawings review
1
32
• Coláiste
na
Coiribe
pilot
–RWS
–BMS
–Metering
planned
–>7000m2

• NUIG Engineering Building & Coláiste na Coiribe pilot
–M&E drawings review

USER SCENARIOS
• Top 10 KPIs Wants or Needs (software requirements) – T2.3
Consider these few 'example' user scenarios - EXERCISE FOR
PILOTS
Imagine sitting in front of the Waternomics Information platform, as a user,
in 1-2 years time and thinking any of the following:
1. "I need to find a figure for our water usage per X?? (e.g. student/ PAX/
m2)“;
2. "I wonder what our leakage rate is per ??" ;
3. "Can I get a figure for our annual environmental report on
consumption/emissions/leakage/waste , 2013 v 2014?“;
4. "I want to graph how we are doing on our targets for water use and
associated cost and compare 2012,13&14?";
5. "What investments do I need to make to improve our % efficiency“;
6. "What were the number of faults that were detected by the automated
fault detection and diagnosis system and which of these are currently
open at the moment?“.
• Confirming these user requirements is key to Waternomics Information Platform and the
overall project methodology. (min data sets, functions, meter placement, etc.) – possibility
to discuss after in Q&A

CONCLUSIONS

CONTACT INFORMATION
Web: www.waternomics.eu
Twitter: @waternomics_eu
Daniel Coakley, Mark McCaffrey, Niall Chambers, John
Horan, John Cunnane, Eoghan Clifford
College of Engineering and Informatics (Civil Engineering)
E: eoghan.cliffor@nuigalway.ie
E: daniel.coakley@nuigalway.ie
E: mark.mccaffrey@nuigalway.ie
Willem Fabritius, Edward Curry
Insight Centre for Data Analytics
E: ed.curry@deri.org
E: willem.fabritius@ideri.org

FURTHER DETAILS
www.waternomics.eu
info@waternomics.eu

Waternomics - ICT for Water Resource Management - (Engineers Ireland West, NUIG, 11-11-2014)

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