The document is an introduction to computers and information technology. It discusses the basic components of a computer system including input devices like keyboards and mice, output devices like printers and monitors, the system unit containing electronic components like the CPU, and storage in the form of memory. It provides examples of leading processor manufacturers and clock speeds. It also explains the different types of computer memory and storage media.

1. Name:Muhammed
Surname:UYGUR
Number:20111835
Section:BÖTE
Course:Eng-102
Subjet:Introduction to computers and
information technology
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3. Introduction to computers and information technology
Regardless of the fact that we now have an general idea of
the basic components and the functions of a computer
system, this overview is not enough to provide us with
thorough understanding of each component.
We then seek a comprehensive understanding of each
component of the computer system by determining how
important each element is.
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4. Introduction to computers and information technology
We consider any data or instructions that enter the
computer’s memory space as input.
Due to the variety of fields of studies that exist today,
there has been respective input devices for the entering
of data for processing.
Popular input devices include: keyboard, mouse, stylus, digital
camera, microphone, and scanner.
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6. Introduction to computers and information technology
We consider data that has been processed into a useable
form as output.
Computer systems can generate several types of output,
depending on the hardware and software being used –it
may be printed, seen, or heard.
Popular output devices include: printer, speaker, and monitor.
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8. Introduction to computers and information technology
The system unit is a case that contains electronic
components of the computer, which are used to process
data.
The processor (CPU) impacts on the computer overall
computing power and manages most computing operations.
Processors contain a control unit and an arithmetic logic unit,
that together performs processing.
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10. Introduction to computers and information technology
A machine’s cycle consist of four stages: fetching, decoding,
executing, and storing (some computers perform one
instruction per cycle).
Processors also contain registers, these are not a part of
memory. Additionally, processors rely on the system
clock, which controls the timing of all computer
operations (allowing personal computers to process in
GHz; some persons measure according to MIPS). 10

11. Introduction to computers and information technology
Below are some of the leading processor chip manufacturers:
Chip Name Manufacturer Clock Speed
Itanium 2 Intel 1 GHz and up
Xeon Intel 1.4 to 2.8 GHz
Pentium 4 Intel 1.4 GHz to 3.06 GHz
Opteron AMD 2 to 2.4 GHz
Athlon AMD 500 MHz to 1.4 GHz
Duron AMD 600 MHz to 1.4 GHz
PowerPC Motorola 50 MHz to 1.25 GHz
68040 Motorola 25 to 40 MHz
68030 Motorola 16 to 50 MHz
To avoid ‘burnt chips’ processors are not only coupled with
fans, but also heat sinks (heat pipes are used in laptops).
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12. Introduction to computers and information technology
Storage, or memory, consists of electrical components that
store instructions and data waiting to be executed by
the processor, as well as their results.
The computer system stores three categories of items: OS
and software; application programs; and data being
processed.
Computer memory consist of two types of memory: volatile
and non-volatile. An example of volatile memory is RAM,
while ROM is and example of non-volatile memory.
It is also important to note at this point, that when
information in memory is being accessed it can be
retrieved sequentially or directly. Also the terms
storage medium is singular, while storage media is plural;
and storage devices are technology to get/store data. 12

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23. http://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bili%C5%9Fim_teknolojisi
http://www.bilgisayarbilisim.net/
www.scribd.com/doc/46918517/Temel-Bilgi-
Teknolojisi-Word-ve-Bilgisayar-Giri%C5%9F
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