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1. Brief introduction about microcontroller
and its uses
A microcontroller is a defined as solitary chip microcomputer made of VLSI fabrication. It
is also called an embedded controller and available in different lengths like 4bit, 8bit, 64
bit, and 128 bit. A microcontroller is considered a compressed microcomputer designed
for controlling functions and systems in home appliances, robots, and other gadgets. It
also contains different components such as memory, peripherals, and more.
Microcontrollers are used in devices where a degree of control is required by the user of
the device.
Basic information about microcontroller
Any electric appliance that stores, displays information, or calculates contains a
microcontroller with a chip inside it. The basic structure of the microcontroller contains:-
 CPU- Microcontroller brain is also known as CPU which is used for fetching data,
decoding the data, and completing the end task assigned successfully. With the
help of the CPU, all components need to be connected to a single system.
 Memory: In the microcontroller memory, chips will work as a microprocessor and
store all programs and data. They are built with a specific type of ROM or RAM or
flash memory for storing program source codes.
 Input/output ports:- I/O ports are used for interface or drive different
applications such as a printer, LED, etc.
 Serial ports:- they are used for providing serial interfaces amid controllers and
other peripherals like parallel ports.
 Timers:- A microcontroller can be in-built with one or more timers or counters.
The timers, counters controlling and timing operations all are included in the
microcontrollers. Timers are used for counting the external pulses. The key
operations preform by timers includes clock functions, frequency measuring,
making oscillations, etc.

2.  Interpret control- It is used for employing delayed control for working programs.
They can be external or internal.
 Special functioning block:- Some types of microcontrollers are designed for
special appliances such as space systems, robots, etc. that contain its special
function block. The block has additional ports that contain some special
operations.
Types of microcontroller
According to the memory, bits, architecture, and instructions, microcontrollers are
divided into categories. Types of microcontrollers include:-
1. Bits
 8 bits microcontroller is used for executing logic and arithmetic operations.
 16 bits of microcontrollers are used for executing with high accuracy and
performance.
 32 bits microcontrollers are used for automatic control of appliances like
implanted medical appliances, office machines, etc.
2. Memory
 External memory microcontroller- The embedded structure is designed with a
microcontroller that doesn’t contain all functioning blocks that exist on the chip
and is named an external memory microcontroller.
 Embedded memory microcontroller:- The embedded structure comes with a
microcontroller that contains all functioning blocks that exist in a chip named
embedded memory microcontroller.
3. Instruction set
 CISC- it contains a complex instruction set computer that enables the users to
apply 1 instruction.
 RISC- It has reduced instruction set computer and used for reducing the
operation time by shortening the clock cycle according to instructions.
4. Memory Architecture
It contains a Harvard memory architecture microcontroller and Princeton memory
architecture microcontroller.

3. These are some categories of microcontrollers we have discussed in this blog. If you are
also looking for top electronic components distributors then Express Technologies is
a one-stop solution to accomplish your needs. They are one of the leading companies
which deal in top-quality electronic components like Rabbit Semiconductor
Microcontroller, resistors, relays, etc.
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