Titulo Ponencia: Endophytes Identification: morphological methods
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova:
Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
PREFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BRADYRHIZOBIA WITH DIFFERENT RICE CULT...Anamika Rana
All of rice oligotrophic endophytic Bradyrhizobia in this study were obtained except SUT-R74.
6 Bradyrhizobial strains were obtained from 98 bacterial strains.
Bradyrhizobium is found only in rice root, with 10% relative abundance of total Alphaproteobacteria.
Endophytic Bradyrhizobia could not be obtained from the monoculture system.
Thai rice cultivars, the Thai Bradyrhizobial strains could promote rice growth better than Japanese strains.
Three rice cultivars (Pathum Thani 1, Kasalath, and Nipponbare), cultivar Pathum Thani 1 responded only to putative Thai rice endophytic Bradyrhizobia.
This phenomenon was not found in Japanese rice cultivars.
Non-PB strains are also capable of forming a natural endophytic association with rice.
Strains SUT-PR9, WD16, RP5, and RP7 displayed non-PB phenotypes but were genotypically close to PB strains.
Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial productsPrograma TF Innova
Ponencia: Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial products
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova: Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
Plant growth-promoting mechanisms of endophytesThe Tiny Domain
The global changes in climate and increasing population have unfortunate effects in food production and will become insufficient to feed the world. The green revolution could alleviate poor crop production by using high yielding varieties and use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals has resulted in the deterioration of soil fertility. Hence, agronomic practices are moving toward sustainable and environment friendly approach.
Exploitation of endophytic fungi for plant disease management
Introduction
Plant- Endophytic fungi interaction
Diversity of endophytic fungi in plants
Colonization
Endophytic fungi : Mechanism
Case studies
Conclusion
Future aspects
Endophytic fungi in disease resistance (Latz et al., 2018)
Antibiotics produced by fungal endophytes
Plant immune defense system
Lytic enzyme secretion
Endophytic fungi in stress tolerance
This presentation is to understand the concepts of endophytes that reside within plants & to explore the applications of endophytes for the management of plant diseases.
PREFERENTIAL ASSOCIATION OF ENDOPHYTIC BRADYRHIZOBIA WITH DIFFERENT RICE CULT...Anamika Rana
All of rice oligotrophic endophytic Bradyrhizobia in this study were obtained except SUT-R74.
6 Bradyrhizobial strains were obtained from 98 bacterial strains.
Bradyrhizobium is found only in rice root, with 10% relative abundance of total Alphaproteobacteria.
Endophytic Bradyrhizobia could not be obtained from the monoculture system.
Thai rice cultivars, the Thai Bradyrhizobial strains could promote rice growth better than Japanese strains.
Three rice cultivars (Pathum Thani 1, Kasalath, and Nipponbare), cultivar Pathum Thani 1 responded only to putative Thai rice endophytic Bradyrhizobia.
This phenomenon was not found in Japanese rice cultivars.
Non-PB strains are also capable of forming a natural endophytic association with rice.
Strains SUT-PR9, WD16, RP5, and RP7 displayed non-PB phenotypes but were genotypically close to PB strains.
Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial productsPrograma TF Innova
Ponencia: Introduction to endophytes and their application to develop commercial products
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova: Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
Plant growth-promoting mechanisms of endophytesThe Tiny Domain
The global changes in climate and increasing population have unfortunate effects in food production and will become insufficient to feed the world. The green revolution could alleviate poor crop production by using high yielding varieties and use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals. But excessive use of chemical fertilizers and agrochemicals has resulted in the deterioration of soil fertility. Hence, agronomic practices are moving toward sustainable and environment friendly approach.
Exploitation of endophytic fungi for plant disease management
Introduction
Plant- Endophytic fungi interaction
Diversity of endophytic fungi in plants
Colonization
Endophytic fungi : Mechanism
Case studies
Conclusion
Future aspects
Endophytic fungi in disease resistance (Latz et al., 2018)
Antibiotics produced by fungal endophytes
Plant immune defense system
Lytic enzyme secretion
Endophytic fungi in stress tolerance
This presentation is to understand the concepts of endophytes that reside within plants & to explore the applications of endophytes for the management of plant diseases.
Isolation of endophytes from potato and their antagonist effect against Fusar...Innspub Net
Plant endophytes may be intercellular or intracellular depending upon their location in the plant tissue because they are present inside the cells or in the intracellular space, respectively. Isolation of endophytic bacteria has been reported from both monocot and dicot plants, ranging from woody trees, such as teak and pear, to herbaceous crop plants such as mustard and maize. The aim of this study was the isolation of endophytes from potato and their antagonist effect against Fusarium oxysporum. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves, stems and roots of healthy Potato plant derived from Chak No.359/E.B Village, Tehsil Burewala. Isolation of endophytic fungi from plant parts was done according to the method described by Petrini. The media used in the present study was the Potatodextrose agar (PDA) for fungus and nutrient agar medium for maintaining bacterial stains. F.oxysporum was taken from the Plant pathology lab of UAF sub-campus Burewala-Vehari . The results of the experiment clearly revealed that the stems, root and leaf of the potato plants under present investigation had the maximum colonization frequency for fungal endophytes. Fusarium oxysporum showed rapid growth 5-7cm in5 days. Fusarium oxysporum was white and growing rapidly that later produced dark violet pigments in PDA. Erwinia showed light green, circular, shining, slimy, smooth characteristics. The isolate strain of Bacillus showed rodshaped, fuzzy white or slightly yellow circular and irregular characteristics.
13 isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from 13 ijtas 93-2018-hu...BIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: The choice of host plant is of critical importance when working with endophytic fungi. The exploration of endophytic fungi is still an emerging field and all plants seem to harbour fungi with some bioactive content and activities. However, there are certain metabolites that are characteristic of certain biotopes. Thus, a rationale for selecting promising plant sources should be established. Of particular interest are the plants that are used as medicinal plants or plants that populate a unique environment. Artemisia is a widely used medicinal plant. In this research work, the endophytic mycota of Artemisia scoparia was studied. In order to isolate endophytic fungi, 155 plant segments from 20 samples of Artemisia scoparia were collected from its natural habitat in Dachigam National. This habitat is a unique environment and a protected area. Six different fungal isolates were obtained from root, leaf and stem plant parts. Among the identified isolates, the most abundant genera were Gliocladium solani followed by Penicillium melinii with a colonization frequency of 62 and 37.5% respectively. The objective of this study was to report new data regarding the endophytic fungi found in medicinal plant Artemisia scoparia. This systematic investigation revealed that traditional medicinal plants are a rich and reliable source of novel endophytic fungi.
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Kashmir, Medicinal plant
Molecular basis of plant resistance and defense responses to pathogensSenthil Natesan
In response to pathogen attack, plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms to delay or arrest pathogen growth.Unlike animals, plants lack a circulating immune system recognizing microbial pathogens. Plant cells are more autonomous in their defense mechanisms and rely on the innate immune capacity of each cell and systemic signals that disseminate from infection sites (Jones and Dangl, 2006). Plant innate immunity consists of preformed physical and chemical barriers (such as leaf hairs, rigid cell walls, pre-existing antimicrobial compounds) and induced defenses. Should an invading microbe successfully breach the pre-formed barriers, it may be recognized by the plant, resulting in the activation of cellular defense responses that stop or restrict further development of the invader.
the presentation is about microbial endophytes, discovery of endophytes, their types, isolation methods of different types and identification and the useful impacts of them to the plant ecology.
plant pathogen interaction
different types of pathogens
gene for gene hypothesis
direct receptor model
Elicitor receptor model
suppersor repressor model
gaurd hypothesis
The concept of gene for gene hypothesis was first developed by Flor in 1956 based on his studies of host pathogen interaction in flax, for rust caused by Melampsora lini. The gene for gene hypothesis states that for each gene controlling resistance in the host, there is corresponding gene controlling pathogenicity in the pathogen. The resistance of host is governed by dominant genes and virulence of pathogen by recessive genes. The genotype of host and pathogen determine the disease reaction. When genes in host and pathogen match for all loci, then only the host will show susceptible reaction. If some gene loci remain unmatched, the host will show resistant reaction. Now gene – for –gene relationship has been reported in several other crops like potato, sorghum, wheat, etc. The gene for gene hypothesis is also known as “Flor Hypothesis.”
The overall goal of this project is to develop tangible options to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts on agriculture and forestry more quickly than could be reached by relying solely on crop improvement approaches via breeding or transgenic.
Isolation of endophytes from potato and their antagonist effect against Fusar...Innspub Net
Plant endophytes may be intercellular or intracellular depending upon their location in the plant tissue because they are present inside the cells or in the intracellular space, respectively. Isolation of endophytic bacteria has been reported from both monocot and dicot plants, ranging from woody trees, such as teak and pear, to herbaceous crop plants such as mustard and maize. The aim of this study was the isolation of endophytes from potato and their antagonist effect against Fusarium oxysporum. Endophytic fungi were isolated from leaves, stems and roots of healthy Potato plant derived from Chak No.359/E.B Village, Tehsil Burewala. Isolation of endophytic fungi from plant parts was done according to the method described by Petrini. The media used in the present study was the Potatodextrose agar (PDA) for fungus and nutrient agar medium for maintaining bacterial stains. F.oxysporum was taken from the Plant pathology lab of UAF sub-campus Burewala-Vehari . The results of the experiment clearly revealed that the stems, root and leaf of the potato plants under present investigation had the maximum colonization frequency for fungal endophytes. Fusarium oxysporum showed rapid growth 5-7cm in5 days. Fusarium oxysporum was white and growing rapidly that later produced dark violet pigments in PDA. Erwinia showed light green, circular, shining, slimy, smooth characteristics. The isolate strain of Bacillus showed rodshaped, fuzzy white or slightly yellow circular and irregular characteristics.
13 isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from 13 ijtas 93-2018-hu...BIOLOGICAL FORUM
ABSTRACT: The choice of host plant is of critical importance when working with endophytic fungi. The exploration of endophytic fungi is still an emerging field and all plants seem to harbour fungi with some bioactive content and activities. However, there are certain metabolites that are characteristic of certain biotopes. Thus, a rationale for selecting promising plant sources should be established. Of particular interest are the plants that are used as medicinal plants or plants that populate a unique environment. Artemisia is a widely used medicinal plant. In this research work, the endophytic mycota of Artemisia scoparia was studied. In order to isolate endophytic fungi, 155 plant segments from 20 samples of Artemisia scoparia were collected from its natural habitat in Dachigam National. This habitat is a unique environment and a protected area. Six different fungal isolates were obtained from root, leaf and stem plant parts. Among the identified isolates, the most abundant genera were Gliocladium solani followed by Penicillium melinii with a colonization frequency of 62 and 37.5% respectively. The objective of this study was to report new data regarding the endophytic fungi found in medicinal plant Artemisia scoparia. This systematic investigation revealed that traditional medicinal plants are a rich and reliable source of novel endophytic fungi.
Keywords: Endophytic fungi, Kashmir, Medicinal plant
Molecular basis of plant resistance and defense responses to pathogensSenthil Natesan
In response to pathogen attack, plants have evolved sophisticated defense mechanisms to delay or arrest pathogen growth.Unlike animals, plants lack a circulating immune system recognizing microbial pathogens. Plant cells are more autonomous in their defense mechanisms and rely on the innate immune capacity of each cell and systemic signals that disseminate from infection sites (Jones and Dangl, 2006). Plant innate immunity consists of preformed physical and chemical barriers (such as leaf hairs, rigid cell walls, pre-existing antimicrobial compounds) and induced defenses. Should an invading microbe successfully breach the pre-formed barriers, it may be recognized by the plant, resulting in the activation of cellular defense responses that stop or restrict further development of the invader.
the presentation is about microbial endophytes, discovery of endophytes, their types, isolation methods of different types and identification and the useful impacts of them to the plant ecology.
plant pathogen interaction
different types of pathogens
gene for gene hypothesis
direct receptor model
Elicitor receptor model
suppersor repressor model
gaurd hypothesis
The concept of gene for gene hypothesis was first developed by Flor in 1956 based on his studies of host pathogen interaction in flax, for rust caused by Melampsora lini. The gene for gene hypothesis states that for each gene controlling resistance in the host, there is corresponding gene controlling pathogenicity in the pathogen. The resistance of host is governed by dominant genes and virulence of pathogen by recessive genes. The genotype of host and pathogen determine the disease reaction. When genes in host and pathogen match for all loci, then only the host will show susceptible reaction. If some gene loci remain unmatched, the host will show resistant reaction. Now gene – for –gene relationship has been reported in several other crops like potato, sorghum, wheat, etc. The gene for gene hypothesis is also known as “Flor Hypothesis.”
The overall goal of this project is to develop tangible options to mitigate and adapt to climate change impacts on agriculture and forestry more quickly than could be reached by relying solely on crop improvement approaches via breeding or transgenic.
Isolation and characterization of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria from s...Pooja Walke
Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are a group of bacteria that actively colonize plant roots and increase plant growth and yield . Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) were first defined by Kloepper and Schroth
Public Health Implications of Locally Femented Milk (Nono) and Antibiotic Sus...IJLT EMAS
The study is to determine the PH and moisture content
of Nono sold in Port Harcourt , the prevalence of Pseudomonas
aeruginosa in Fura da nono and finally the antibiotic resistance
pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from the fermented
products. nono samples were purchased from Borikiri in
portharcourt township. A total of 20 samples were assessed to
determine their microbiological quality and to conduct antibiotic
susceptibility test. Moisture content and pH of the samples were
also assessed. Enumeration of the total viable bacterial count
(TVBC), Total coliform count (TCC) and Total Pseudomonal
count (TPC) were also assessed to determine the sanitary quality
of the product. The PH ranges between 2.99 to 3.89 while the
moisture content ranges between 80% to 88%. The result
obtained from the microbial culture indicated that a wide array
of microorganism were present in Fura da nono including species
of Bacilu, klebsiella, Pseudomonas Staphylococcus aureus,
Streptococcus, Lactobacillus and Escherichia coli.. The highest
TVBC, TCC and TPC were 9.8x103
cfu/ml, 10x103
cfu/ml and
9.7x103
cfu/ml respectively. Antibiotic susceptibility was
conducted using 12 broad spectrum antibiotics and compared
against a standard provided by the Clinical laboratory standard
institute (CLSI). Gentamycin, Ofloxacin and Levofloxacin
recorded 100% resistance , while Cotrimoxazole, Ciprofloxacin,
Vancomycin, Nitrofurantoin, Norfloxacin and Azithromycin
recorded 100% susceptibility as indicated by the complete clear
zone of inhibition.It was discovered that the absence of
regulatory agencies like National Agency for Food Drug
Administration and Control (NAFDAC) in the regulation of the
quality of the product was the cause of the high contamination,
since there were no quality control measures in its production
line .It was recommended that NAFDAC should provide a
standard operating procedure for local food producers and
should include them in their scope for regulation.
Efficacy of Some Botanicals in the Control of Fungi Causing post harvest rot ...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
Antimicrobial Drug Synthesis from Submerge Cultures of Pleurotus florida in D...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences(IOSR-JPBS) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of Pharmacy and Biological Science. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in Pharmacy and Biological Science. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Sesuvium Portulacastrumijtsrd
Mangroves are unique group of vascular plants that occur in saline coastal habitats and are known to tolerate extreme environmental conditions. Some mangrove plants are used for a wide range of conditions, including bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases. The rise of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms is one of the severe problems in healthcare systems of the world, and infectious diseases are the second most serious cause of death worldwide. Therefore, new drugs have to be found in order to combat such diseases and it is essential to find new compounds that have antimicrobial properties. Medicinal-plant extracts, known to produce certain bioactive molecules which react with other organisms in the environment, are known to be less toxic to humans and are environmentally friendly due to the less pollutant released during production. Antimicrobial properties of medicinal plants are being increasingly reported worldwide. Mangroves are biochemically unique and produce a wide array of novel natural products and are considered a rich source of steroids, triterpenes, saponins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and tannins. Extracts from the leaves, stems, barks, and roots of mangrove species have shown positive results for antioxidant activity tests. G. Beulah | D. Divya"A Review on the Antimicrobial Activity of Sesuvium Portulacastrum" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-2 | Issue-4 , June 2018, URL: http://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd14540.pdf http://www.ijtsrd.com/biological-science/zoology/14540/a-review-on-the-antimicrobial-activity-of-sesuvium-portulacastrum/g-beulah
Evaluation of the Antibacterial Activities of Crude Extracts of Cochlospermum...iosrjce
The antibacterial activities of the methanolic, hot water, chloroform and petroleum ether extracts of
Choclospermum planchonii leaf were tested against some clinical bacterial isolates and reference organisms.
The phytochemical screenings of the extracts were also carried out. The leaf extracts of the plant exhibited
antibacterial activities against clinical isolates of Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus
aureus, Shigella flexneri, and Salmonella typhii and reference strains of Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 28923),
Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853. The methanolic leaf extracts
exhibited the highest antibacterial activity, its minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging between 0.31
and 1.25 mg/ml; and its zones of inhibition on the various test microorganisms ranging between 8mm and 13
mm. The petroleum ether extracts had the weakest antibacterial activity, its minimum inhibitory concentration
(MIC) ranging between 2.50mg/ml and 5.00mg/ml and its inhibition zone ranging between 4mm and 8mm. The
phytochemical constituents present in the plant were alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, and
sterols. The methanolic extracts of the leaf exhibited potentially biological activity than other extracts. This
indicates that the plant leaf could be useful in the treatment of human infections caused by these pathogens. The
antibacterial activities of the methanolic leaf extract may be attributed to the presence of bioactive compounds.
Bio-pesticides are naturally occurring substances from living organisms (natural enemies) or their products (microbial products, phytochemicals) or their by products (semio-chemicals that can control pests by nontoxic mechanisms.
To study the effect of guava leaf extract on biofilm formation in Pseudomonas...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences is one of the speciality Journal in Dental Science and Medical Science published by International Organization of Scientific Research (IOSR). The Journal publishes papers of the highest scientific merit and widest possible scope work in all areas related to medical and dental science. The Journal welcome review articles, leading medical and clinical research articles, technical notes, case reports and others.
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Ponencia: Endophytic fungi conservation: techniques, advantages, disadvantages
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova: Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
Instructions for the collection of plant specimens and endophytes studiesPrograma TF Innova
Ponencia: Instructions for the collection of plant specimens and endophytes studies
Autor: Dr. Gary Strobel
Evento TF Innova:
Workshop Biotechnology "Isolation and identification of endophytic fungi from vascular plants"
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4. Pestalotiopsis microspora an Endophytic Fungus
1. One of the most frequently observed
endophytes.
2. Found in all rainforests and most plant
species.
3. It has hundreds of synonyms.
4. Exists as many biotypes and makes hundreds
of natural products.
5. Some biotypes are easily genetically
transformed.