Emotion of humans

1. Emotions

2. Emotions
 Brief acute changes in the conscious experience and physiology
that occur in response to personally meaningful situation
 Antecedent Event: A situation that may lead to emotional response
 Appraisal: Evaluation; how much it is relevant to you
 Emotional Response:
 Physical...increase in heart rate, respiratory rate
 Behavioral...facial, voice or attitude change
 Subjective...change in conscious experience, how one feels

3. Emotion
 Emotions have valence: positive or negative
 Emotions are thought to have 3 components:
 Physiological arousal
 Subjective experience
 Behavioral expression
© 1999 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

4. Taxonomy of Emotion

5. (Figure adapted from LeDoux, 1986, p. 329)
Neuropsychology of Emotion
 Dual processing of emotions:
 Activation of the amygdala
produces visceral responses
 Cortical activation allows for use of
memory in understanding emotional
stimuli

6. 3/1/2023
Primary Emotions
Robert Plutchik (2003) has identified eight basic emotions,Fear
• Surprise
• Sadness
• Disgust
• Anger
• Anticipation
• Joy
• Acceptance

7. Physiological Changes During
Emotions

When we experience an intense emotions, such as fear or
anger, we are aware of number of bodily changes. For
example:
 rapid heart beat
 breathing
 dryness of the throat and mouth
 increased muscle tension
 perspiration
 trembling of the extremities
 sinking feeling in the stomach.
3/1/2023

8. James-Lange Theory of Emotion
 Emotional feelings follow bodily
arousal and come from awareness of
such arousal
 Happiness comes from smiling
 Sadness comes from crying

9. James-Lange Theory of Emotion
© 1999 John Wiley and Sons, Inc.

10. Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion
 Emotion originates
in the thalamus
 Activity in the
thalamus (in brain)
causes emotional
feelings and bodily
arousal at the same
time

11. Schachter’s Singer Cognitive Theory
 It is also called as Two-factor Theory of Emotion
 Emotions occur when physical arousal is labeled or interpreted on the
basis of experience and situational cues

12.  Physiological arousal
 Sweaty palms
 Increased heart rate
 rapid breathing
 Cognitive Label
 Attribute source of
arousal to a cause
 To have an emotion,
both factors are
required