Emergency contraception, also known as postcoital contraception, aims to prevent pregnancy after unprotected sex by interfering with fertilization or implantation. It works primarily by delaying or inhibiting ovulation, thickening cervical mucus, or causing endometrial changes to prevent implantation. Methods of emergency contraception include levonorgestrel pills, ulipristal acetate pills, mifepristone, copper IUD insertion, and prostaglandins. The levonorgestrel pill is most commonly used and involves taking two doses twelve hours apart within 72 hours of intercourse. A copper IUD can also provide reliable emergency contraception if inserted within 5 days. Emergency contraception is meant for occasional use and not as

1. EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION
Sathyashree D, Coimbatore Medical College

2. AGENDA
Introduction
Indications
Mode of action
Methods of EC
Summary
References
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INTRODUCTION
• Synonyms: Postcoital contraception,Interceptives
• Postcoital contraceptive agents are the methods
used after unsafe coitus which prevent pregnancy
by interfering with fertilization or implantation.
• Emergency contraception should be used mainly
as ‘backup’ plan and not used as a regular
contraceptive technique.

4. INTRODUCTION-
CONTINUED
Emergency contraception cannot be used as
an ongoing method of contraception because:
 Relatively high failure rates
 High incidence of irregular bleeding
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5. INDICATIONS
o Unprotected Sexual Intercourse
o Accidental rupture of condom
o Missed Pill
o Following Rape
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6. MODE OF ACTION
HORMONES:
 Delay ovulation if taken soon after intercourse
 Cause corpus luteolysis
 Bring about cervical mucus changes and endometrial
atrophy
COPPER-T IUCD
Prevent implantation of fertilized ovum
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7. METHODS OF EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION
EMERGENCY
CONTRACEPTION
LNG Tablets
RU486(Mifepristone)
Ulipristal
Centchroman
Prostaglandins
Copper-T IUCD
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8. LNG TABLETS
USE
• 0.75 mg, two doses
given at 12 hours
interval.
• Should be taken within
72 hours,may be taken
upto 120 hours.
ADVANTAGES
• No estrogen and
associated side effects
• Can be offered to
hypertensive, cardiac,
diabetic and lactating
woman
• No foetal adverse
effects
CONTRAINDICATIONS
• Liver disease
• Women with history of
thrombophlebitis and
migraine
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9. LEVONORGESTREL (E.
PILLS)
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10. RU486(MIFEPRISTONE)
• Single dose of 25-50 mg is effective
in preventing pregnancy
• Steroid with an affinity for
progesterone receptors.
• MOA: Causes shedding and
sloughing of decidua and prevents
implantation
• Disadvantages:
 Does not prevent ectopic
pregnancy
 Expensive
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11. ULIPRISTAL
Synthetic progesterone
hormone receptor regulator
MOA:Inhibits ovulation and
prevents implantation
30 mg tablet should be taken
within 5 days
2% pregnancy rate
Side effects: Headache,Mood
changes
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12. COPPER-T IUCD
Inserted within 5 days of unprotected
intercourse can prevent implantation of
a fertilized ovum
ADVANTAGES:
 Cheap
 Failure rate is 0.1%
 Remain as on-going contraceptive
for 3-5 years
It is the gold standard method to be
offered to all women for EC.
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13. SUMMARY
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14. REFERENCES
 Howkins and Bourne SHAW’s Textbook of
Gynaecology,17th Edition
 D C Dutta’s Textbook of Gynaecology,7th Edition
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15. THANK YOU
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