- Embedded CDNs involve placing CDN servers within ISP networks to serve local end-users. This can improve performance by locating content closer to users.
- Many major CDNs and content providers now offer embedded servers, including Akamai, Netflix, Google, Amazon, and Facebook. Traffic from embedded servers accounts for around 14% of total CDN traffic based on one study.
- Benefits for ISPs include offloading external traffic and improving performance for end-users. CDNs use techniques like BGP, DNS, and geolocation to map users to the closest embedded server.
5G Fixed Wireless Access: Trends we’re seeing and Capgemini’s approachCapgemini
Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) is considered to be the first promising B2C use-case for 5G, offering customers a “fiber-like” experience. Capgemini explores several deployment sceneries, an analysis of Verizon’s 5G Home launch and the momentum it’s causing in the market, as well as the key components that need to be addressed when building a 5G FWA strategy. To learn more about Capgemini Invent’s expertise in 5G, contact our experts:
Pierre Fortier
Principal Consultant, Capgemini Invent
Pierre.Fortier@capgemini.com
Marouane Bikour
Senior Consultant, Capgemini Invent
Marouane.bikour@capgemini.com
This presentation and demo show the hardware which consist of 5G UE’s, 5G radios, a fronthaul network and C-RAN with high density switches and servers, a transport network of 3 DWDM switches and a DC network of servers and high density switches. The basic software arrangement will be shown with emphasis on the structure of the orchestration and SDN controllers and the choice of virtualization components and logical networking. An eMBB slice will be brought up which will entail programming of the radios, the fronthaul, backhaul, a node B and the core. Its behavior will be noted through the test UE’s. An URRLC slice will be brought up and its nodeB and core will be demonstrated through its test UE’s showing extremely low latency. An MMTC slice will be brought up and a large number of test IOT devices will be demonstrated via the test UE’s. The eMBB slice will be augmented by programming a slice selection function that will create a ICN slice and an application (TBD) will be shown running over that ICN core (but with the eMBB slice). Spectrum will be reassigned from slice to slice and the changes noted as an optimizer recomputes the proper allocation of resources and executes it. Traffic will be increased and the changes in the backhaul over transport and core function placements will be noted. An additional demonstration will show creation of multiple 4G air interfaces using the same infrastructure network but with 4G radios and 4G UE’s using OAI software and ETTUS SDRs. A Skype session will be created between the two 4G slices. We will also try to show some of the EPC functions being moved while the UE sessions are not impacted.
Author : Peter Ashwood-Smith, Huawei Technologies
Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016.
More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx
Introduction to Cloud Computing Data Center and Network Issues to Internet Research Lab at NTU, Taiwan. Another definition of cloud computing and comparison of traditional IT warehouse and current cloud data center. (ppt slide for download.) Take a opensource data center management OS, OpenStack, as an example. Underlying network issues inside a cloud DC.
A detailed look at what is meant by private networks, why do we need them and why the sudden interest in them. Also discussed is the 3GPP defined 5G Non-Public Networks (NPN), they architecture, implementation, pros and cons. In addition RAN sharing and Campus Networks are also discussed with regards to where they fit in the private networks.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
How to build high performance 5G networks with vRAN and O-RANQualcomm Research
5G networks are poised to deliver an unprecedented amount of data from a richer set of use cases than we have ever seen. This makes efficient networking in terms of scalability, cost, and power critical for the sustainable growth of 5G. Cloud technologies such as virtualization, containerization and orchestration are now powering a surge of innovation in virtualized radio access network (vRAN) infrastructure with modular hardware and software components, and standardized interfaces. While commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware platforms provide the compute capacity for running vRAN software, hardware accelerators will also play a major role in offloading real-time and complex signal processing functions. Together, COTS platforms and hardware accelerators provide the foundation for building the intelligent 5G network and facilitate innovative new use cases with the intelligent wireless edge.
An introduction to Meraki as a company and a technology. Meraki have just been awarded visionary status is Gartners 2011 magic quadrant for Wireless LAN and have recently announced the MX range of Cloud-Managed Routers, Meraki, Making Branch Networking Easy.
Peter Coppens, VP Product, presentation from Layer 123 SDN NFV World Congress in the Hague, October 2017. SD WAN benefits and caveats from real use cases.
Opinion: Why do so many new RAN players love Open RAN3G4G
If you look at the TIP (#OpenRAN) and O-RAN Alliance (#ORAN), the organizations driving the Open RAN vision and mission, you will notice many new small RAN players are joining one or both of them. In addition, you hear about other Open RAN consortiums that again include small innovative vendors that may not be very well known. This opinion piece looks at what is driving these companies to invest in Open RAN and what can they expect as return in future.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Dimension Data Cloud Business Unit - Solution OfferingRifaHaryadi
Dimension Data - Cloud Business Unit Solution Offering. This presentation will take you through Dimension Data Solution Offering and Roadmap to the Future of Cloud Computing. Dimension Data Cloud Computing Solution are fully control by Manage Cloud Platform - Dimension Data Propretiary Orchestration and Automation Tools
5G Fixed Wireless Access: Trends we’re seeing and Capgemini’s approachCapgemini
Fixed Wireless Access (FWA) is considered to be the first promising B2C use-case for 5G, offering customers a “fiber-like” experience. Capgemini explores several deployment sceneries, an analysis of Verizon’s 5G Home launch and the momentum it’s causing in the market, as well as the key components that need to be addressed when building a 5G FWA strategy. To learn more about Capgemini Invent’s expertise in 5G, contact our experts:
Pierre Fortier
Principal Consultant, Capgemini Invent
Pierre.Fortier@capgemini.com
Marouane Bikour
Senior Consultant, Capgemini Invent
Marouane.bikour@capgemini.com
This presentation and demo show the hardware which consist of 5G UE’s, 5G radios, a fronthaul network and C-RAN with high density switches and servers, a transport network of 3 DWDM switches and a DC network of servers and high density switches. The basic software arrangement will be shown with emphasis on the structure of the orchestration and SDN controllers and the choice of virtualization components and logical networking. An eMBB slice will be brought up which will entail programming of the radios, the fronthaul, backhaul, a node B and the core. Its behavior will be noted through the test UE’s. An URRLC slice will be brought up and its nodeB and core will be demonstrated through its test UE’s showing extremely low latency. An MMTC slice will be brought up and a large number of test IOT devices will be demonstrated via the test UE’s. The eMBB slice will be augmented by programming a slice selection function that will create a ICN slice and an application (TBD) will be shown running over that ICN core (but with the eMBB slice). Spectrum will be reassigned from slice to slice and the changes noted as an optimizer recomputes the proper allocation of resources and executes it. Traffic will be increased and the changes in the backhaul over transport and core function placements will be noted. An additional demonstration will show creation of multiple 4G air interfaces using the same infrastructure network but with 4G radios and 4G UE’s using OAI software and ETTUS SDRs. A Skype session will be created between the two 4G slices. We will also try to show some of the EPC functions being moved while the UE sessions are not impacted.
Author : Peter Ashwood-Smith, Huawei Technologies
Presented at ITU-T Focus Group IMT-2020 Workshop and Demo Day, 7 December 2016.
More details on the event : http://www.itu.int/en/ITU-T/Workshops-and-Seminars/201612/Pages/Programme.aspx
Introduction to Cloud Computing Data Center and Network Issues to Internet Research Lab at NTU, Taiwan. Another definition of cloud computing and comparison of traditional IT warehouse and current cloud data center. (ppt slide for download.) Take a opensource data center management OS, OpenStack, as an example. Underlying network issues inside a cloud DC.
A detailed look at what is meant by private networks, why do we need them and why the sudden interest in them. Also discussed is the 3GPP defined 5G Non-Public Networks (NPN), they architecture, implementation, pros and cons. In addition RAN sharing and Campus Networks are also discussed with regards to where they fit in the private networks.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
How to build high performance 5G networks with vRAN and O-RANQualcomm Research
5G networks are poised to deliver an unprecedented amount of data from a richer set of use cases than we have ever seen. This makes efficient networking in terms of scalability, cost, and power critical for the sustainable growth of 5G. Cloud technologies such as virtualization, containerization and orchestration are now powering a surge of innovation in virtualized radio access network (vRAN) infrastructure with modular hardware and software components, and standardized interfaces. While commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) hardware platforms provide the compute capacity for running vRAN software, hardware accelerators will also play a major role in offloading real-time and complex signal processing functions. Together, COTS platforms and hardware accelerators provide the foundation for building the intelligent 5G network and facilitate innovative new use cases with the intelligent wireless edge.
An introduction to Meraki as a company and a technology. Meraki have just been awarded visionary status is Gartners 2011 magic quadrant for Wireless LAN and have recently announced the MX range of Cloud-Managed Routers, Meraki, Making Branch Networking Easy.
Peter Coppens, VP Product, presentation from Layer 123 SDN NFV World Congress in the Hague, October 2017. SD WAN benefits and caveats from real use cases.
Opinion: Why do so many new RAN players love Open RAN3G4G
If you look at the TIP (#OpenRAN) and O-RAN Alliance (#ORAN), the organizations driving the Open RAN vision and mission, you will notice many new small RAN players are joining one or both of them. In addition, you hear about other Open RAN consortiums that again include small innovative vendors that may not be very well known. This opinion piece looks at what is driving these companies to invest in Open RAN and what can they expect as return in future.
All our #3G4G5G slides and videos are available at:
Videos: https://www.youtube.com/3G4G5G
Slides: https://www.slideshare.net/3G4GLtd
5G Page: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/5G/
Free Training Videos: https://www.3g4g.co.uk/Training/
Dimension Data Cloud Business Unit - Solution OfferingRifaHaryadi
Dimension Data - Cloud Business Unit Solution Offering. This presentation will take you through Dimension Data Solution Offering and Roadmap to the Future of Cloud Computing. Dimension Data Cloud Computing Solution are fully control by Manage Cloud Platform - Dimension Data Propretiary Orchestration and Automation Tools
Demonstrating 100 Gbps in and out of the CloudsIgor Sfiligoi
In this presentation, which was supposed to be presented at the cancelled CENIC 2020 Annual Conference, I present an overview of what is possible to achieve in terms of networking inside the Clouds and when exchanging data between cloud resources and on-prem equipment, with an emphasis on research hosted hardware.
There is increased awareness and recognition that public cloud providers do provide capabilities not found elsewhere, with elasticity being a major driver, and funding agencies are taking an increasingly positive stance toward public clouds.
The value of elastic scaling is, however, tightly coupled to the capabilities of the networks that connect all involved resources, both in the public clouds and at the various research institutions.
This presentation tries to shed some light on what is possible today.
AWS re:Invent 2016: Advanced Tips for Amazon EC2 Networking and High Availabi...Amazon Web Services
In this session, we focus on designing for high availability, with evaluation criteria for using services and features such as Amazon Route 53, Elastic Load Balancing, Auto Scaling, route tables, network interfaces, device clustering, and the Transit VPC architecture. We also explore how to create highly available networking between regions as well as on-premises.
How can Big data accelerate CDN services ?ANOOP KUMAR P
CDN (Content delivery network) service offerings has challenges over the way visibility can be provided over the contents as well as the infrastructure. Bigdata solves the challenges by enabling data collection , correlation and analytics over the data pulled from various CDN sources, BigData enables a highly efficient network that enables a constant watch on ROI and help course corrections.
HPC and cloud distributed computing, as a journeyPeter Clapham
Introducing an internal cloud brings new paradigms, tools and infrastructure management. When placed alongside traditional HPC the new opportunities are significant But getting to the new world with micro-services, autoscaling and autodialing is a journey that cannot be achieved in a single step.
New Service created in services marketing for a project work. This project is all about coolie (Porter Service) service providing at your doorstep with the help of the mobile application.
Daniel Firestone and Gabriel Silva's presentation from the 2017 Open Networking Summit.
SDN is at the foundation of all large scale networks in the public cloud, such as Microsoft Azure - at past ONSes, Microsoft has detailed how all of Azure's virtual networks, load balancing, and security operate on SDN. But how do we make a software network scale to an era of 40, 50, and 100 gigabit networks on servers, providing great performance to end customers with ever increasing VM and container scale and density?
In this presentation, Daniel Firestone and Gabriel Silva will detail Azure Accelerated Networking, using Azure's FPGA-based SmartNICs. They will show how using FPGAs, we can achieve the programmability of a software network with the performance of a hardware one. They will detail how this and other host SDN advances have led to huge performance increases for Linux VMs in particular, and Linux-based NFV appliances, giving Azure industry-leading network performance.
This presentation provides an overview of media delivery in 5G and how the capabilities of 3GPP packet core maps to the requirements of media delivery functions.
Global Infrastructure Information Service Brochure.
This is powerful ITAM and System Automation service.
It works Linux and Windows every cloud and legacy machine.
You can use many type of script.
- wsf(Windows Script Host File)
- vbs(Visual Basic Script)
- bat(Windows Batch file)
- sh(Linux Shell/Bash)
- py(Python)
- rb(Ruby, CHEF)
- go(Go, Docker)
Hybrid clouds provide a good balance between the privacy offered by private clouds and the elasticity and reliability of public clouds. The presentation offers an introduction to the decision criteria when switching from a private to a hybrid cloud architecture and where to start from.
Solving Civilization’s Long Term Communication Needs by Dinesh Kummaran, Tran...MyNOG
How do we improve connectivity globally? An intro to next-generation wireless laser communication technology offered by Transcelestial which is one of the most effective solutions in the distribution of high-quality, high-speed internet connectivity, making it well-poised to solve civilization’s long-term communication needs.
Exploring Quantum Engineering for Networking by Melchior Aelmans, Juniper Net...MyNOG
In this presentation we will review how already available quantum technology can help improve well known security mechanisms and protocols. Next we will explore how close (or far away) a quantum internet is and if it will even be fully quantum.
Routed Optical Networking by Shahnaz Mohamad, CiscoMyNOG
New architecture for the next 20 years. Fully converged L1, L2 and L3 into a single network. Replacing transponders with digital coherent optics. Removing functional overlaps. Reducing carbon footprint – increasing density.
Latency Automation Service Enhancement Remedy (LASER) by Ts. Mohd Faizal Bin ...MyNOG
Latency Automation Service Enhancement Remedy (LASER) is a system developed to monitor customer’s service performance. The key features of LASER are on the go alert notification, real-time latency monitoring and network script automation.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Key Trends Shaping the Future of Infrastructure.pdfCheryl Hung
Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
The key trends across hardware, cloud and open-source; exploring how these areas are likely to mature and develop over the short and long-term, and then considering how organisations can position themselves to adapt and thrive.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
Dev Dives: Train smarter, not harder – active learning and UiPath LLMs for do...UiPathCommunity
💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
Speakers:
👨🏫 Andras Palfi, Senior Product Manager, UiPath
👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
Connector Corner: Automate dynamic content and events by pushing a buttonDianaGray10
Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
Your campaign sent to target colleagues for approval
If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
Join us to learn more about this new, human-in-the-loop capability, brought to you by Integration Service connectors.
And...
Speakers:
Akshay Agnihotri, Product Manager
Charlie Greenberg, Host
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Slack (or Teams) Automation for Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Soluti...Jeffrey Haguewood
Sidekick Solutions uses Bonterra Impact Management (fka Social Solutions Apricot) and automation solutions to integrate data for business workflows.
We believe integration and automation are essential to user experience and the promise of efficient work through technology. Automation is the critical ingredient to realizing that full vision. We develop integration products and services for Bonterra Case Management software to support the deployment of automations for a variety of use cases.
This video focuses on the notifications, alerts, and approval requests using Slack for Bonterra Impact Management. The solutions covered in this webinar can also be deployed for Microsoft Teams.
Interested in deploying notification automations for Bonterra Impact Management? Contact us at sales@sidekicksolutionsllc.com to discuss next steps.
LF Energy Webinar: Electrical Grid Modelling and Simulation Through PowSyBl -...DanBrown980551
Do you want to learn how to model and simulate an electrical network from scratch in under an hour?
Then welcome to this PowSyBl workshop, hosted by Rte, the French Transmission System Operator (TSO)!
During the webinar, you will discover the PowSyBl ecosystem as well as handle and study an electrical network through an interactive Python notebook.
PowSyBl is an open source project hosted by LF Energy, which offers a comprehensive set of features for electrical grid modelling and simulation. Among other advanced features, PowSyBl provides:
- A fully editable and extendable library for grid component modelling;
- Visualization tools to display your network;
- Grid simulation tools, such as power flows, security analyses (with or without remedial actions) and sensitivity analyses;
The framework is mostly written in Java, with a Python binding so that Python developers can access PowSyBl functionalities as well.
What you will learn during the webinar:
- For beginners: discover PowSyBl's functionalities through a quick general presentation and the notebook, without needing any expert coding skills;
- For advanced developers: master the skills to efficiently apply PowSyBl functionalities to your real-world scenarios.
2. What is a CDN?
Embedded servers are when some of the
CDNs servers are located within ISPs networks
and intended to only serve end-users in that
network. The servers will use address space
originated in the ISPs network and not in the
CDNs ASN(s).
Clustering is when a number of servers share
their storage. This means that the content is
distributed over the servers in the cluster and
will not be present at all of them. Sometimes
servers in different sites can be clustered
together.
A collections of
geographically
distributed servers
A method to place
content on the servers
A method to steer end-
users to the closest
servers
3. A bit about the CDN market
Growth in the market based on
the increased consumer
demand for entertainment and
OTT services and in the later
years on increased demand for
e-learning and work from
home solutions.
The traditional players like
Akamai, Lumen, Tata, Edgio
etc are well established as
reliable and with global reach.
The newer major CDNs like
Cloudflare, Fastly and
Stackpath are offering a more
diverse and specialised set of
services like security services
and DDOS protection, high
performance real time delivery
services etc.
Which btw is also offered by
Akamai
Large content producers who
use comercial CDNs often use
multiple CDNs. This both to
support their different types of
content, to leverage different
geographical scope of the CDN,
create resilience and finally -
more than one provider means
better leverage when
negotiating contracts…
4. A bit about the CDN market
The cloud providers allmost all
have a CDN to front their
content
The CDNs are almost all also
offering compute and other
cloud services
So in the end they end up
offering the same services but
with different specialities and
strengths
The giant content producers
like Netflix, Apple, Microsoft,
Amazon, Facebook and Google
have all build their own
specialised CDN to support
their core services ( and some
also sell CDN services…)
Building a CDNs on a global
scale is not small task, so this
solution is only for the largest
and most resourceful content
producers with enough
demand for traffic to make the
business case work.
5. Who offers embedded servers?
● Akamai
● Netflix
● Google
● Amazon
● Facebook
● Cloudflare
● CDN77
● Microsoft
● Apple
● Qwilt
● And more to
come
7. Statistics
• Petros Gigis, Lefteris Mannasakis
and more presented at
Sigcomm’21 that over 3,500
ASNs globally have embedded
servers
• Most ISPs in the Kentik traffic
sample have 6 or less embedded
CDNs
• The top 6 in the Kentik sample
are:
Percentages of the ISPs in the sample that
have embedded servers from the CDN
Google (25.5%)
Facebook (16.2%)
Netflix (26.5%)
Akamai (11.6%)
Apple (3.3%) CDN77 (3.3%)
8. Total distribution of traffic
marked as CDN traffic
~74% over the external
network border
~14% from embedded servers
~7% embedded to embedded
internally in the networks
~5% Externally to
embedded
Average traffic over 24 hours that includes a sunday evening.
9. Statistics
● Outside to end-users (39%)
● Embedded to end-users (56%)
● Outside to embedded (5%)
● Embedded to embedded (1%)
Google Netflix Facebook Akamai
● Outside to end-users (22%)
● Embedded to end-users (72%)
● Outside to embedded (3%)
● Embedded to embedded (3%)
● Outside to end-users (43%)
● Embedded to end-users (54%)
● Outside to embedded (4%)
● Embedded to embedded (0%)
● Outside to end-users (73%)
● Embedded to end-users (18%)
● Outside to embedded (9%)
● Embedded to embedded (0%)
10. Steer to the closest cache
● BGP is used to signal the subnets
that a cache or cluster should
serve
● The most control is given
for the systems where every
cache has a BGP session and
the steering system respects
common BGP parameters.
● A setup where all Servers have
an identical session will work
for most deployments.
● Prefixes are sent from the ISP
to the cache
BGP
● End-users are mapped to a
cluster based on the DNS
server they are using to
request the content
DNS Server
● Geolocation is used by some
as the primary way if mapping an
end-user to a cluster. Some use
the geolocation of the end-user IP
address, but some rely on the
geo location of the DNS server the
end-user is using to request the
content.
Geolocation
Anycast
● Anycast addresses are
announced from the
caches and the ISPs
routing decides which is
the closest
11. BGP
x.y.z.0/24
x.y.w.0/24
x.y.w.123
B
1 2
3
4
A
● x.y.z.0/24 is announced to A
● x.y.w.0/24 is announced to B
1. Give me movie
2. Go to B and get movie
3. Give me movie
4. Movie
This works really well for ISPs who have
a very strict regional address plan. It
does not work for ISPs where they do not
have control over IP address
assignments or who do not have regional
aggregation
12. 1. Where is site.com?
2. Where is site.com?
3. site.com is
site.com.cdnsomething.com
4. Where is site.com.cdnsomething.com
5. site.com.cdnsomething.com is A for
you
6. Site.com is A
7. Give me Site.com
8. Site.com
DNS
User in
Mumbai
Local
DNS
Authorized
DNS
CDN
node in Mumbai
IP address “A”
CDN CDN
node in Singapore
IP address “B”
2
3
1
6
7 8 4 5
13. And then some of the magic
● The CDN creates a mapping
of ISP DNS servers to POPs or
clusters based on latency
measurements
● Some CDNs include internet
connectivity from the cluster
to the DNS servers or IP
addresses in their mapping
algorithm
● The content owned CDNs
also include signals from the
content clients in the
algorithm
Latency and other QoS data
● The load of the
individual servers or
clusters is part of the
decision of exactly
which server the end-
user will end up using.
● Load balancing can take
place in the cluster or in
the CDN response to
(where is?)
Load
● Not all content is on all
Embedded servers
● Content that is pushed out is
distributed according to CDN
magic
● Not all content from a CDN will be
cached when the content is
pulled
● This means where the content
is/can be is also part of the
steering decision.
Content
14. Traffic profiles for
different ways of
placing content
• Centrally calculated
placement
• Fill window
• Optimized to reduce
edge fill traffic as much
as possible
Typical Netflix traffic profile in well dimensioned deployment
15. Traffic profiles for
different ways of
placing content
• Proxy and akamai magic
• Relatively dynamic
content
• Not all content will
be at the embedded
servers
Typical Akamai traffic profile in well dimensioned deployment
16. Traffic profiles for different ways of placing content
• Proxy and Facebook magic
• Relatively dynamic content
• Only the static is cached
• Not all content will ever
be at the embedded servers
Typical Facebook traffic profile in well dimensioned deployment
Feeds
Likes
Anything that needs to
be globally consistent
17. Limit who can use the Servers
Most embedded Servers will
have access list that limits
who will be served by the
cache
The common source to
generate these
is a BGP feed from the host
ISP
Some will use one single feed
per ISP, other per cluster or
per cache.
There must be consistency between the user-
group that can be mapped to a cluster or server
and the user-group that are allowed to use the
cluster or server.
This means there is a requirement for the CDNs
where each server has a BGP sessions that the
announcements to each server in a cluster is
identical.
18. Deploying embedded servers deep into the network
• Understand if the end-user
mapping is supported by your
network implementation
• DNS servers
• IP address plan
• Use of CGN
• Be aware of clustering
• Off load/hit rate for the local
cluster might be lower than for a
big cluster because of less disk
space in the cluster
19. And what about the hardware?
1-2U
10G /50G/100G Interfaces
Choice of AC and DC power
It varies whether a CDN managed switch is
required optional or not applicable.
Installation process are more/or less
automated, but some still require the ISP
tech to do basic configuration of the CDN
equipment.
Evolves continuously: less space,
more throughput, more and faster
storage Interfaces supports the
industry standard at any given time
20. Is it easier or harder in 2023 compared to 2012?
● Large boxes
● Off load unpredictable
● Few players
● No CGN support
2012
● Small boxes
● More predictable offload
● More predictable and flexible
end-user mapping
● Many players
● Some CGN support
2023
CONCLUSION