Electronic music developed from early experiments in the 19th century to mechanically record and reproduce sounds. Thomas Edison's phonograph, which could both record and playback sound, marked the beginning of sound recording. Later inventors like Thaddeus Cahill developed early electronic music synthesizers. Modern electronic music uses digital instruments like samplers, synthesizers, drum machines, and sequencers to produce a wide variety of genres like house, techno, ambient, and others.

1. Electronic Music
By: Ms. G. Martin

2. Historical Background
During the 19th century, attempts were made to produce and
record sounds mechanically or electromechanically.
The invention of the phonograph by Thomas Edison and Emile
Berliner marked the beginning of the recording industry and showed
that all the acoustical content of musical sounds could be captured
and be faithfully retained for future use.
Thaddeus Cahill built the ancestor of present-day electronic music
synthesizers---the telharmonium.

3. Thomas Edison
Thomas Alva Edison was an American inventor and
businessman who has been described as America's greatest inventor.
He developed many devices in fields such as electric power
generation, mass communication, sound recording, and motion
pictures.
It includes the phonograph, the kinetoscope, the dictaphone, the
electric lamp (in particular the incandescent light bulb), and the
autographic printer. He also greatly improved the telephone by
inventing the carbon microphone.

4. Phonograph
-an instrument for reproducing sounds by means of the vibration
of a stylus or needle following a spiral groove on a revolving disc or
cylinder.
Another term for phonograph:
Stereo, hifi, victrola, record player, sound system, gramophone,
macine, stereo set, graphophone, turnable

5. How does a phonograph work?
Sound is collected by a horn that is attached to a diaphragm. The sound causes
vibrations in the air that travel down the horn causing the diaphragm to vibrate.
The diaphragm is connected to a stylus and pressed into a cylinder covered in
wax (or alternatively a thin layer of tin foil).
How does a phonograph record work?
The phonograph could record sound and play it back. The receiver consisted
of a tin foil wrapped cylinder and a very thin membrane, called a diaphragm,
attached to a needle. Sound waves were directed into the diaphragm, making it
vibrate. ... The amplified vibrations played back the recorded sounds.

6. Emile Berliner
• Emile Berliner (May 20, 1851 – August 3, 1929),
originally Emil Berliner, was a German-American
inventor. He is best known for inventing the
vertical-cut flat disc record used with a
phonograph.

7. Thaddeus Cahill
The Telharmonium (also known as the Dynamophone) was
an early electrical organ, developed by Thaddeus Cahill circa
1896 and patented in 1897.
The electrical signal from the Telharmonium was transmitted
over wires; it was heard on the receiving end by means of "horn"
speakers.

8. Different Sub-Genres of Electronic Music:
1. Disco – It uses high volume vocals over a rhythmic instrumentation pattern.
2. Drum and Bass – This refers to a type of dance track that is regarded by
extremely fast brackets associated with huge bass line.
3. Down Tempo – This music is equivalent in peacefulness to decorative music.
However, it is often associated with a hypnotic beat.
4. Electro-music – This is expressed by its actual use of precise synthesizers
together with the sipping of funk beats.
5. Electronics – It utilize collectively foreground as well as background music.
6. House – This is a kind of dance music which is a mixture of disco as well as
soul music.
7. Techno – It is the most popular style of electronic music which evolved in
the 1980’s like dance.

9. 8. Industrial – This is an intense of music, coupled with a lot more
traditional musical genres, such as “industrial rock” or perhaps
“industrial metal”.
9. Ambient Music – This music is identified by sounds which are built to
stimulate an image or even an effect while the music is noticed.
10.Break Beat – Music is recognized by its actual utilization of a
4
4
drum
routine.
11. Hardcore – This music is outlined by the insufficient of a tonal target in
its actual notes together with its quick beat patterns.
12. Progressive – It utilizes certain aspects of House music with no verses,
and simply has a formation, climax, as well as an end.
13. Trance – This is a strong party music based on frequent synthesized
phrases along with the repeated build-up.
14. UK Garage – It begun in great Britain as well as descendant of House
melodies, with percussive rhythms and kick drums.

10. Electronic Instruments

11. 1. Audio samplers
- They can record, playback, and store sounds. Most samplers come wth a
sequencer, others come with a controller or keyboard. Audio samplers are used
sometimes as a substitute for actual instruments by performers who have a
tight budget.
Old version New version

12. 2. Drum machines
– These machines are usually used in the electronic hip hop kind of
music. They are mostly used during recordings as a replacement for human
drummers.

13. 3. Sound modules
– Sound modules can be digital pianos, synthesizers, samplers, simple
tone generators, and much more.

14. 4. Tabletop synthesizers
- These instruments are similar to sound modules yet differ in size and
movability. They can be an advantage for musicians who are touring most of
the time and for those who lack space. In spite of their compact size, they
can produce a substantial amount of sound punch.

15. 5. Audio sequencers
- These electronic musical instruments can produce samples of music
which are part of synthesizer, controllers, and drum machines. Audio
sequencers are called as step sequencers and are mostly monophonic.
6. Production stations
- They have the special ability to blend the force of audio sequencers,
samplers, controllers, and drum machines. These are stand-alone instruments
that can give a musician all he needs to create music.