Operating rooms pose electrical shock hazards due to the abundance of electrical equipment, anesthetized patients who cannot move away from shocks, and the presence of fluids. Electrical shock occurs when a person completes a circuit between a voltage source and allows current to flow through their body, which can disrupt organ functions or cause burns. The severity of shock depends on current amplitude and duration, with alternating current posing more danger than direct current. Macro shocks involve large currents that can reach the heart through tissues, while microshocks involve small currents that can directly stimulate the heart through conduits like catheters. Proper grounding pad placement and equipment maintenance can help reduce electrical shock risks in operating rooms.