The document provides a comprehensive overview of electric cars, including their history, components, types, and their environmental impact. It discusses the advantages and disadvantages of electric vehicles compared to combustion engine cars, emphasizing their lower emissions and operational costs. The future outlook for electric vehicles is positive, with advancements anticipated as technological developments continue.

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2. Mohit Negi
B120010238
Monika Mehta
B120010241
Mridul Singh
Rawat
B120010243
Naina
B120010246
Nakul Bhugra
B120010247
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3. TOPIC SLIDE NUMBER
INTRODUCTION 4
HISTORY 5
NEED OF ELECTRIC CARS 8
PARTS AND WORKING OF ELECTRIC CARS 9
TYPES OF ELECTRIC CARS 11
ELECTRIC CARS IN INDIA 19
LIFE SPAN OF ELECTRIC CARS 24
COST EFFECTIVENESS 25
COMPARISON 26
ADVANTAGES & DISADVANTAGES 28
POSITIVE OUTCOMES ON ENVIRONMENT 30
CONCLUSION 31
REFERENCES 32
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4.  “Electric cars” generally
refers to road going
automobiles powered
by electricity.
 Propelled by one
electric motor or more
using batteries
 Electric motors give
instant torque, and
smooth acceleration
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5.  Electric cars enjoyed popularity between the
late 19th century and early 20th century
 Early History 
 In 1890s, electric automobiles held many
speed and distance records.
 Before the 1920s, electric automobiles were
competing with petroleum-fuelled cars for
urban use of a quality service car.
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6. GERMAN ELECTRIC CAR,1904
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7.  From 1990s to Present 
 Renewed interest in the perceived
independence that electric cars had from the
fluctuations of the hydrocarbon energy
market.
 As on July 2012, other electric automobiles,
city cars, and light trucks available in some
markets for purchase include the REVAi,
Tesla, Volt, etc.
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8.  Contributes to cleaner air.
 To preserve the fossil fuels.
 Less maintenance
 More efficient
 Cost Effective
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9. • Consists of three parts
1. Battery
2. Controller
3. AC/DC motor
• Controller connected
with the accelerator.
• 300v DC battery.
• AC or DC motor.
240V AC motor or 96-
192 DC motor.
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10.  The driver presses the
accelerator which in turn sends
the signals to the controller.
 When fully accelerated,
maximum voltage is supplied to
the motor.
 On releasing the accelerator, no
voltage is supplied.
 Two potentiometers are
connected.
 When both potentiometers show
same deviation, voltage is
supplied further and car moves
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11. PLUGIN HYBRID
HYBRID
BATTERY
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13. • Both the electric motor and the internal
combustion engine needed to run the car.
• Combustion engine is used only to charge the
battery
• Rechargable batteries-Recharged by internal
combustion and regenerative braking.
• It has a larger battery pack that is plugged
into the electric grid for charging, increasing
the share of electric power used by the car.
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15. • Uses a small electric battery to support the
internal combustion engine.
• Provides increased fuel efficiency.
• The battery is recharged by both the gasoline
engine and regenerative braking.
• Regenerative braking captures kinetic energy
to charge batteries when the driver pushes
the brakes
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17. • Battery electric vehicles are all electric.
• No internal combustion engine
• Needs large recharge time (7-8 hours)
• Car halts when the battery dies.
• In order to run 80 plus miles, it requires a
large battery i.e, 18kWH to 36 kWH.
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19. • Companies like Mahindra, Chevrolet and
Toyota have launched electric cars in India.
• Mahindra launched the first model of EV Reva
back in the late 1990s.
• However efforts have been made to improve
the power and luxury of the car.
• In November 2011, Reva NXR was launched
which could run 160 km when fully charged.
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20. MAHINDRA REVA
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21.  Other cars include 
1. Hyundai i10 Electric 
• Termed as zero-emission urban commuter
• Consists of a 16kWh battery and a 49kWh
electrical motor .
• Can be driven upto 160km when fully
charged.
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22. 2. Chevrolet E-Spark 
• The Electric Spark will run on an all-electric
drive train.
• Will save an estimated 1,892 liters of petrol
every year if driven for 64kms every day.
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23. 3. Chevrolet Volt 
• It is an extended range/plug-in electric car.
• When charged completely, it is ready to run
on electric charge for up to a range of 40
miles i.e. 64.374 km.
• Can go 100 miles in a single tank of fuel.
4. Toyota Prius 
• The second hybrid car launched at Auto
Expo that will be available in Indian market.
• The engine includes electric pump.
• Requires no accessory belts improving fuel
economy.
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24.  Different type of electric cars have different
life spans.
 Battery EVs can run for 5 years or 1,00,000
miles before fully disintegrated.
 The Plug-in hybrids and hybrids have a
longer life span due to continuous recharging
from the internal combustion engines and
batteries.
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25. ELECTRIC
CARS
COMBUSTION
CARS
From electricity produced
by batteries
By combustion of fossil
fuels and petroleum
Slightly higher due to
expensive batteries
Cheaper than that of
electric vehicles due to
cheaper parts
Doesn’t produce harmful
emissions and contributes
in clean air.
Produces harmful carbon
emissions therefore
polluting the air.
Running cost is low due to
lesser number of parts.
High due to more
number of parts and
replacement of oils, etc.
ENERGY
PRICE
POLLUTION
RUNNING
COST
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26. ELECTRIC CARS COMBUSTION
ENGINE CARS
Expensive due to expensive
batteries
Cheaper than electric cars.
Electricity rate may vary from
place to place.
Fuel prices remains almost
constant in every region
across the world.
Most companies don’t have
certified mechanics for
servicing of electric cars.
A lot of mechanics know how
to service a combustion cars
PRICE
FUEL RATE
SERVICING
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27. ELECTRIC CARS COMBUSTION
ENGINE CARS
Zero greenhouse gases
from the cars.
Releases harmful
greenhouse gases.
Less carbon emissions than
combustion engine cars
27% more carbon
emissions than that of
electric cars.
But overall, particulate
matter produced is 3.6
times more than gasoline
cars(in countries relying on
natural resources for
electricity).
Particulate matter
production is less.
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28. • Cheaper to run because of low rates of
electricity than petrol.
• Zero harmful emissions, better for
environment.
• Nearly 100% recyclable batteries.
• Reduces noise pollution.
• Can be recharged almost anywhere in urban
areas.
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29. • Time required to
recharge the batteries
is more.
• Lesser charging
stations.
• More expensive than
the combustion
engine cars.
• The batteries
provided are quite
heavy increasing the
net weight of the car.
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30. • Electric cars contribute to cleaner air.
• Reduced carbon emissions hence less air
pollution.
• Produce 27% less carbon(monoxide and
dioxide) than combustion engines.
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31. • Been in market since 1990s and created a new era
in field of automobiles.
• EV has reduced carbon emissions significantly in
the area where it is used.
• It restores the balance of ecosystem to some
extent.
• The future of EVs is bright as there is sufficient
Lithium reserves to power 4 billion electric cars.
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32.  http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Bundesarchiv_Bild_183-1990-
1126-500,_Kraftdroschke.jpg
 http://www.tva.com/environment/technology/car_vehicles.htm
 http://drivingthenortheast.com/wp-
content/uploads/2011/08/What-Everyone-Should-Know-about-
EVs.png
 http://auto.howstuffworks.com/fuel-efficiency/vehicles/electric-
car-battery3.htm
 http://money.msn.com/saving-money-
tips/post.aspx?post=e86c2726-7b2e-4e49-8538-63db582ec39d
 http://healthland.time.com/2012/02/14/why-electric-cars-are-
more-polluting-than-gas-guzzlers-at-least-in-china/
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