Electric vehicles are gaining popularity as an alternative to gasoline vehicles. The presentation covered the history of electric vehicles and discussed the different types including hybrid, plug-in hybrid, and battery electric vehicles. It also addressed some of the major challenges to widespread adoption such as high battery costs, lack of charging infrastructure, and customer concerns over range. Tesla was presented as revolutionizing the electric vehicle market through high-performance sports cars and more affordable models. Overall, the presentation provided a high-level overview of electric vehicles and discussed key factors influencing their growth.
An electric vehicle (EV) is one that operates on an electric motor, instead of an internal-combustion engine that generates power by burning a mix of fuel and gases. Therefore, such as vehicle is seen as a possible replacement for current-generation automobile, in order to address the issue of rising pollution, global warming, depleting natural resources, etc. Though the concept of electric vehicles has been around for a long time, it has drawn a considerable amount of interest in the past decade amid a rising carbon footprint and other environmental impacts of fuel-based vehicles.
An EV is a shortened acronym for an electric vehicle. EVs are vehicles that are either partially or fully powered on electric power. Electric vehicles have low running costs as they have fewer moving parts for maintenance and also very environmentally friendly as they use little or no fossil fuels (petrol or diesel).
An electric vehicle (EV) is one that operates on an electric motor, instead of an internal-combustion engine that generates power by burning a mix of fuel and gases. Therefore, such as vehicle is seen as a possible replacement for current-generation automobile, in order to address the issue of rising pollution, global warming, depleting natural resources, etc. Though the concept of electric vehicles has been around for a long time, it has drawn a considerable amount of interest in the past decade amid a rising carbon footprint and other environmental impacts of fuel-based vehicles.
An EV is a shortened acronym for an electric vehicle. EVs are vehicles that are either partially or fully powered on electric power. Electric vehicles have low running costs as they have fewer moving parts for maintenance and also very environmentally friendly as they use little or no fossil fuels (petrol or diesel).
Hello Folks,
I have shared my presentation on electric vehicles that i have prepared for my final year seminar and presented it to more than 300 peoples including HOD, Assistant professor, mechanical faculties. I took overall 10 minutes to elaborate every topic excluding Q&A session. In the modern era, the conventional vehicles are becoming obsolete gradually because of its hazardous emission and low efficiency. The Electric vehicles are the future. The contents of this ppt is gathered from the daily learning and some are taken directly from the company posts,
Any kind of discussion is open.
India Electric Vehicle Market 2018 2025: Report SampleANS MarketPro
India Electric Vehicle Market 2018-2025: Analytics, Value Chain, Strategy, Investment and Competitor Mapping, By Type of EV Technology (BEV, PHEV), By Type of Vehicle (Passenger Cars, Two-Wheelers, Three-Wheelers, Commercial Vehicles), By Charging Infrastructure (Normal Charging and High-Power Charging), By End-user (Individuals, Commercial Enterprises and Government) and Geography
A brief introduction to the benefits of electric vehicles and how they are now becoming part of particular industries. GLH is a leading London Private Car Hire company. www.glh.co.uk
Features of an Electric Car
Electric cars are quiet, comfortable, economic, and exciting. The electric motor is smaller than an internal combustion engine translating into roomy interiors and a peaceful drive. Torque, or pulling power, is instantly available, top speeds exceed legal limits and there are no gears to grind.
electric vehicle is very important for the glob...because it has lot's of advantages ...only one disadvantages is that it is requrie more time to charge..its has mainly 3 type of electric vehicle .
Creating a PowerPoint presentation on the "Types of Electric Vehicles" can be a useful way to educate your audience about the various electric vehicle (EV) technologies available. Here's a short description for each type of electric vehicle that you can include in your presentation:
Slide 1: Title
Title: "Types of Electric Vehicles"
Slide 2: Introduction
Briefly introduce the topic and its importance.
Mention the environmental and economic benefits of electric vehicles.
Slide 3: Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Describe BEVs as vehicles that run solely on electric power.
Highlight their zero-emission nature.
Mention examples like Tesla Model 3 and Nissan Leaf.
Slide 4: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Explain PHEVs as vehicles that combine an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Emphasize their ability to drive on electric power and gasoline.
Mention examples like the Chevrolet Volt.
Slide 5: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Define HEVs as vehicles with both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Explain how they use regenerative braking to charge the battery.
Mention examples like the Toyota Prius.
Slide 6: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
Describe FCEVs as vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity to power the electric motor.
Emphasize their zero-emission nature and fast refueling times.
Mention examples like the Toyota Mirai.
Slide 7: E-Bikes and E-Scooters
Explain that electric bicycles (e-bikes) and electric scooters (e-scooters) are becoming popular forms of electric mobility.
Discuss their role in last-mile transportation.
Slide 8: Commercial Electric Vehicles
Mention electric buses, trucks, and delivery vans.
Explain how commercial EVs contribute to reducing emissions in urban areas.
Slide 9: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Highlight the importance of charging infrastructure for EV adoption.
Discuss the types of chargers (Level 1, Level 2, DC fast chargers).
Slide 10: Government Incentives
Explain government incentives and subsidies for electric vehicle adoption.
Mention tax credits, rebates, and other benefits.
Slide 11: Environmental Benefits
Discuss how electric vehicles contribute to reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Highlight the positive impact on local air quality.
Slide 12: Cost of Ownership
Compare the total cost of ownership of electric vehicles to traditional gasoline vehicles.
Mention savings on fuel and maintenance.
Slide 13: Challenges and Future Outlook
Address challenges such as range anxiety, charging infrastructure gaps, and battery disposal.
Discuss the future outlook of electric vehicles and advancements in technology.
Slide 14: Conclusion
This is a brief description about the current situation of Electrification of vehicles and E-Mobility in India. The presentation covers everything right from the working of electric vehicles to the usage by various countries. For more info do visit my blog " https://theautofanaticblog.wordpress.com/2018/07/10/10-things-to-know-about-electric-vehicles/ "
Hello Folks,
I have shared my presentation on electric vehicles that i have prepared for my final year seminar and presented it to more than 300 peoples including HOD, Assistant professor, mechanical faculties. I took overall 10 minutes to elaborate every topic excluding Q&A session. In the modern era, the conventional vehicles are becoming obsolete gradually because of its hazardous emission and low efficiency. The Electric vehicles are the future. The contents of this ppt is gathered from the daily learning and some are taken directly from the company posts,
Any kind of discussion is open.
India Electric Vehicle Market 2018 2025: Report SampleANS MarketPro
India Electric Vehicle Market 2018-2025: Analytics, Value Chain, Strategy, Investment and Competitor Mapping, By Type of EV Technology (BEV, PHEV), By Type of Vehicle (Passenger Cars, Two-Wheelers, Three-Wheelers, Commercial Vehicles), By Charging Infrastructure (Normal Charging and High-Power Charging), By End-user (Individuals, Commercial Enterprises and Government) and Geography
A brief introduction to the benefits of electric vehicles and how they are now becoming part of particular industries. GLH is a leading London Private Car Hire company. www.glh.co.uk
Features of an Electric Car
Electric cars are quiet, comfortable, economic, and exciting. The electric motor is smaller than an internal combustion engine translating into roomy interiors and a peaceful drive. Torque, or pulling power, is instantly available, top speeds exceed legal limits and there are no gears to grind.
electric vehicle is very important for the glob...because it has lot's of advantages ...only one disadvantages is that it is requrie more time to charge..its has mainly 3 type of electric vehicle .
Creating a PowerPoint presentation on the "Types of Electric Vehicles" can be a useful way to educate your audience about the various electric vehicle (EV) technologies available. Here's a short description for each type of electric vehicle that you can include in your presentation:
Slide 1: Title
Title: "Types of Electric Vehicles"
Slide 2: Introduction
Briefly introduce the topic and its importance.
Mention the environmental and economic benefits of electric vehicles.
Slide 3: Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs)
Describe BEVs as vehicles that run solely on electric power.
Highlight their zero-emission nature.
Mention examples like Tesla Model 3 and Nissan Leaf.
Slide 4: Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs)
Explain PHEVs as vehicles that combine an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Emphasize their ability to drive on electric power and gasoline.
Mention examples like the Chevrolet Volt.
Slide 5: Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs)
Define HEVs as vehicles with both an electric motor and an internal combustion engine.
Explain how they use regenerative braking to charge the battery.
Mention examples like the Toyota Prius.
Slide 6: Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs)
Describe FCEVs as vehicles that use hydrogen fuel cells to generate electricity to power the electric motor.
Emphasize their zero-emission nature and fast refueling times.
Mention examples like the Toyota Mirai.
Slide 7: E-Bikes and E-Scooters
Explain that electric bicycles (e-bikes) and electric scooters (e-scooters) are becoming popular forms of electric mobility.
Discuss their role in last-mile transportation.
Slide 8: Commercial Electric Vehicles
Mention electric buses, trucks, and delivery vans.
Explain how commercial EVs contribute to reducing emissions in urban areas.
Slide 9: Electric Vehicle Charging Infrastructure
Highlight the importance of charging infrastructure for EV adoption.
Discuss the types of chargers (Level 1, Level 2, DC fast chargers).
Slide 10: Government Incentives
Explain government incentives and subsidies for electric vehicle adoption.
Mention tax credits, rebates, and other benefits.
Slide 11: Environmental Benefits
Discuss how electric vehicles contribute to reducing air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions.
Highlight the positive impact on local air quality.
Slide 12: Cost of Ownership
Compare the total cost of ownership of electric vehicles to traditional gasoline vehicles.
Mention savings on fuel and maintenance.
Slide 13: Challenges and Future Outlook
Address challenges such as range anxiety, charging infrastructure gaps, and battery disposal.
Discuss the future outlook of electric vehicles and advancements in technology.
Slide 14: Conclusion
This is a brief description about the current situation of Electrification of vehicles and E-Mobility in India. The presentation covers everything right from the working of electric vehicles to the usage by various countries. For more info do visit my blog " https://theautofanaticblog.wordpress.com/2018/07/10/10-things-to-know-about-electric-vehicles/ "
Fundamentals of electric and hybrid vehiclesA Reddy
The growth and development of motor vehicles were faster than human population. The attention on electric hybrid vehicle was focused in the wake of search for alternative non petroleum fuels. In the electrical car the engine is replaced by an electric motor, fuel cells, etc.
Electric Vehicles and their Market Potential in the city of Bangalore.Adnan Khan
The PPT gives a brief into the future of Electric Vehicles and their Market Potential in the city of Bangalore. Also looks into the latest trends in EV and the government incentives offered post implementation of GST.
electrical vehicle here described on the types of EV i.e. PHEV AND FCEV.An electric vehicle (EV) is a vehicle that is powered by electricity. EVs are either partially or fully powered by electricity. They use an electric motor powered by electricity from batteries or a fuel cell.
Some types of electric vehicles include:
Electric passenger cars
Electric buses
Electric trucks
Electric buggy
Electric tricycles
Electric bicycles
Electric motorcycles/scooters .
EVs have low running costs and are environmentally friendly. They have less moving parts for maintaining and use little or no fossil fuels. All-electric vehicles produce zero direct emissions. FCEVs use a propulsion system similar to that of electric vehicles, where energy stored as hydrogen is converted to electricity by the fuel cell. Unlike conventional internal combustion engine vehicles, these vehicles produce no harmful tailpipe emissions.Plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) use batteries to power an electric motor and another fuel, such as gasoline, to power an internal combustion engine (ICE).Plug-in-hybrid-electric vehicles (PHEVs) are the bridge between traditional gasoline vehicles and strictly battery-powered electrics. In many cases, the PHEV model serves as the performance trim. See, for example, the 302-hp Toyota RAV4 Prime or the 5.0-second-to-60-mph Lincoln Aviator Grand Touring.Like all-electric vehicles, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) use electricity to power an electric motor. In contrast to other electric vehicles, FCEVs produce electricity using a fuel cell powered by hydrogen, rather than drawing electricity from only a battery.Why is FCEV better?
Fuel cell vehicles are more efficient than combustion engines – a typical FCEV has about a 300 mile range. Similar to electric vehicles and hybrid technologies, their regenerative braking system is capable of capturing energy lost during braking and storing it in the battery.Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) rely solely on a battery to power the car. Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV) have both batteries and an internal combustion engine (ICE) that work together or separately to power the car. Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEV) produce power from a hydrogen fuel cell in the car. PHEV (Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicle)
They are similar to HEVs but have a bigger battery pack and electric motor.
Read more about these types of EVs in the following sections.
1. Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV)
Vehicles powered solely by one or more electric batteries are known as BEVs. They are more popularly called EVs. Chargeable batteries power them, and there is no IC engine (petrol or diesel-powered). All the power comes from the battery pack, which is chargeable from the electricity grid. The charged battery pack sends power to one or more electric motors to move the vehicle.
Components of BEV
Battery pack
Electric motor(s).PHEVs are an extended form of HEVs. They have an internal combustion engine and an electric motor. However
BEV ( Battery Operated Electric Vehicles) PPTPranav Mistry
Presentation done on subject of BEV ( Battery Operated Electrical Vehicles) at ARAI ( Automobile Research Association Of India ,Pune) on 4 Th December .2019
PRESENTS AND FUTURE TRENDS FOR ELECTRIC VHICLES IN INDIA.docxSohamRoy62
This is a presentation for a survey done on current and future trends for electric vehicles in India. This is a Ms word presentation data. The data shown in the Document are purely collected from Google forms and web results. This Project was purely done with the intentions of College Purpose. Your Interest on this Project Presentation Is Highly Appreciated.
Electric vehicle-new 2018 charging presentation mahesh chandra manav by c&sMahesh Chandra Manav
Presentation on EV Vehcile and Public EV Charging Station , Solar PV Power Project with High Energy Storage Battery Systems ,Electrical Contractor , EPC Companies ,EESL/BHEL/NTPC/CEA/Ministry Of Power ,State Dept Of Road Transport/Municipal Corporation ,Smart City,Power Distribution Companies,IOCL,HPCL,BPCL,Indraprast Gas Ltd Project by Mahesh Chandra Manav GM BD C&S M-9811247237 mahesh.manav@cselectric.co.in
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey throu...dylandmeas
Discover the innovative and creative projects that highlight my journey through Full Sail University. Below, you’ll find a collection of my work showcasing my skills and expertise in digital marketing, event planning, and media production.
3.0 Project 2_ Developing My Brand Identity Kit.pptxtanyjahb
A personal brand exploration presentation summarizes an individual's unique qualities and goals, covering strengths, values, passions, and target audience. It helps individuals understand what makes them stand out, their desired image, and how they aim to achieve it.
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to ma...Lviv Startup Club
Kseniya Leshchenko: Shared development support service model as the way to make small projects with small budgets profitable for the company (UA)
Kyiv PMDay 2024 Summer
Website – www.pmday.org
Youtube – https://www.youtube.com/startuplviv
FB – https://www.facebook.com/pmdayconference
Personal Brand Statement:
As an Army veteran dedicated to lifelong learning, I bring a disciplined, strategic mindset to my pursuits. I am constantly expanding my knowledge to innovate and lead effectively. My journey is driven by a commitment to excellence, and to make a meaningful impact in the world.
Skye Residences | Extended Stay Residences Near Toronto Airportmarketingjdass
Experience unparalleled EXTENDED STAY and comfort at Skye Residences located just minutes from Toronto Airport. Discover sophisticated accommodations tailored for discerning travelers.
Website Link :
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https://skyeresidences.com/about-us/
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Enterprise Excellence is Inclusive Excellence.pdfKaiNexus
Enterprise excellence and inclusive excellence are closely linked, and real-world challenges have shown that both are essential to the success of any organization. To achieve enterprise excellence, organizations must focus on improving their operations and processes while creating an inclusive environment that engages everyone. In this interactive session, the facilitator will highlight commonly established business practices and how they limit our ability to engage everyone every day. More importantly, though, participants will likely gain increased awareness of what we can do differently to maximize enterprise excellence through deliberate inclusion.
What is Enterprise Excellence?
Enterprise Excellence is a holistic approach that's aimed at achieving world-class performance across all aspects of the organization.
What might I learn?
A way to engage all in creating Inclusive Excellence. Lessons from the US military and their parallels to the story of Harry Potter. How belt systems and CI teams can destroy inclusive practices. How leadership language invites people to the party. There are three things leaders can do to engage everyone every day: maximizing psychological safety to create environments where folks learn, contribute, and challenge the status quo.
Who might benefit? Anyone and everyone leading folks from the shop floor to top floor.
Dr. William Harvey is a seasoned Operations Leader with extensive experience in chemical processing, manufacturing, and operations management. At Michelman, he currently oversees multiple sites, leading teams in strategic planning and coaching/practicing continuous improvement. William is set to start his eighth year of teaching at the University of Cincinnati where he teaches marketing, finance, and management. William holds various certifications in change management, quality, leadership, operational excellence, team building, and DiSC, among others.
Implicitly or explicitly all competing businesses employ a strategy to select a mix
of marketing resources. Formulating such competitive strategies fundamentally
involves recognizing relationships between elements of the marketing mix (e.g.,
price and product quality), as well as assessing competitive and market conditions
(i.e., industry structure in the language of economics).
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirementsuae taxgpt
Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
https://viralsocialtrends.com/vat-registration-outlined-in-uae/
Attending a job Interview for B1 and B2 Englsih learnersErika906060
It is a sample of an interview for a business english class for pre-intermediate and intermediate english students with emphasis on the speking ability.
Memorandum Of Association Constitution of Company.pptseri bangash
www.seribangash.com
A Memorandum of Association (MOA) is a legal document that outlines the fundamental principles and objectives upon which a company operates. It serves as the company's charter or constitution and defines the scope of its activities. Here's a detailed note on the MOA:
Contents of Memorandum of Association:
Name Clause: This clause states the name of the company, which should end with words like "Limited" or "Ltd." for a public limited company and "Private Limited" or "Pvt. Ltd." for a private limited company.
https://seribangash.com/article-of-association-is-legal-doc-of-company/
Registered Office Clause: It specifies the location where the company's registered office is situated. This office is where all official communications and notices are sent.
Objective Clause: This clause delineates the main objectives for which the company is formed. It's important to define these objectives clearly, as the company cannot undertake activities beyond those mentioned in this clause.
www.seribangash.com
Liability Clause: It outlines the extent of liability of the company's members. In the case of companies limited by shares, the liability of members is limited to the amount unpaid on their shares. For companies limited by guarantee, members' liability is limited to the amount they undertake to contribute if the company is wound up.
https://seribangash.com/promotors-is-person-conceived-formation-company/
Capital Clause: This clause specifies the authorized capital of the company, i.e., the maximum amount of share capital the company is authorized to issue. It also mentions the division of this capital into shares and their respective nominal value.
Association Clause: It simply states that the subscribers wish to form a company and agree to become members of it, in accordance with the terms of the MOA.
Importance of Memorandum of Association:
Legal Requirement: The MOA is a legal requirement for the formation of a company. It must be filed with the Registrar of Companies during the incorporation process.
Constitutional Document: It serves as the company's constitutional document, defining its scope, powers, and limitations.
Protection of Members: It protects the interests of the company's members by clearly defining the objectives and limiting their liability.
External Communication: It provides clarity to external parties, such as investors, creditors, and regulatory authorities, regarding the company's objectives and powers.
https://seribangash.com/difference-public-and-private-company-law/
Binding Authority: The company and its members are bound by the provisions of the MOA. Any action taken beyond its scope may be considered ultra vires (beyond the powers) of the company and therefore void.
Amendment of MOA:
While the MOA lays down the company's fundamental principles, it is not entirely immutable. It can be amended, but only under specific circumstances and in compliance with legal procedures. Amendments typically require shareholder
Falcon stands out as a top-tier P2P Invoice Discounting platform in India, bridging esteemed blue-chip companies and eager investors. Our goal is to transform the investment landscape in India by establishing a comprehensive destination for borrowers and investors with diverse profiles and needs, all while minimizing risk. What sets Falcon apart is the elimination of intermediaries such as commercial banks and depository institutions, allowing investors to enjoy higher yields.
Tata Group Dials Taiwan for Its Chipmaking Ambition in Gujarat’s DholeraAvirahi City Dholera
The Tata Group, a titan of Indian industry, is making waves with its advanced talks with Taiwanese chipmakers Powerchip Semiconductor Manufacturing Corporation (PSMC) and UMC Group. The goal? Establishing a cutting-edge semiconductor fabrication unit (fab) in Dholera, Gujarat. This isn’t just any project; it’s a potential game changer for India’s chipmaking aspirations and a boon for investors seeking promising residential projects in dholera sir.
Visit : https://www.avirahi.com/blog/tata-group-dials-taiwan-for-its-chipmaking-ambition-in-gujarats-dholera/
2. CONTENTS
• History
• Working of EV
• Types of EVs
• Comparison
• Li-Ion Batteries
• Major Challenges for electrification of
vehicles
• Customer Feedback for EVs
• Usage of EVs by various countries
• Retro-fitment
• TESLA:AREVOLUTION IN EV
• Conclusion
3. History of Electric Vehicles
• It is hard to pinpoint the invention of electric car to one inventor or country, instead it
was a series of breakthroughs from battery to electric motors in 1800’s that led to the first
electric vehicle on the road.
• It was Henry Ford’s mass produced Model T that dealt blow to electric car. By that time the
gasoline car cost was $650 and electric car cost was $1,750.
• In India, the concept of electric vehicles was unveiled under ‘National Electric Mobility
Mission Plan(NEMMP) 2020’in 2013 to address the issues of energy security and vehicle
pollution.
• In 2001, the first ever electric car ‘Reva’was launched in India by Reva Electric Car
Company (now known as Mahindra Electric).
4. Working of Electric Vehicles
The electric
vehicle power
source is a battery
which supplies
theelectric motor
with energy
necessary to
movethevehicle.
The controller
actsasa regulator
and controls the
amountof power
received from the
batteriesso the
motordoes not
burnout.
Since the electric vehicles use an
electric motor the driver can take
advantage of motor’s momentum
when pressure is applied on the
brakes. Instead of converting all the
potential energy in the motor into
heat like a fossil fuel powered car
does, an electric car uses the
forward momentum of the
motor to recharge the battery.
This process is known as
regenerative braking.
5. TYPES OF EVs
Hybrid
Electric
Vehicles
• HEVs are powered by both
petrol and electricity.
HEVs start off using the
electric motor, then the
petrol engine cuts in as
load or speed rises. The
two motors are controlled
by an internal computer
which ensures the best
economy for driving
conditions. HEVs can
recharge the battery
through regenerative
braking . Example: Honda
Civic Hybrid,Audi Q7.
Plug
in
Hybrid
Electric
Vehicles
• These vehicles use
electricity as main source
of energy. The combustion
engine is set-on when the
charging of battery
reaches minimum level.
Recharging the battery can
be done by regenerative
braking as well as plugging
in the charger . Example:
Toyota Prius.
Battery
Electric
Vehicles
• They are only powered by
electricity and do not
have a petrol engine, fuel
tank or exhaust pipe.
They are also known as
plug in EVs. Example:
BMW i3.
6. Comparison
Parameters Electric Vehicles
Conventional Vehicles
Energy From electricity produced by batteries By combustion of Fuel.
Price
Higher due to usage of expensive batteries
and higher maintenance
Cheaper due to more availability and
feasibility of resources
Pollution
Does not produce harmful emissions and
contributes in clean air
Produces harmful carbon emissions
Running Cost Running cost per km is Rs 1.5
Diesel per Km running cost is 4 to 4.5
and petrol per km running cost is 6.5
where as for CNG it is 3 to 3.5
7. Comparison
Parameters Electric Vehicles Conventional Vehicles
No. of Components 30 3000
Maintenance Cost
1. Accident repairs results in
replacement of entire parts such as
body shell, motor and battery
assemblies.
2. The amount of man power
required, yet, is not skilled.
1. The spare parts of the
vehicle are easily available
in the market and results in
replacement of only the
damaged part.
2. The skilled man power is
available.
Infrastructure
The infrastructure in not developed at
a stage where the vehicles can be used
commercially by all.
Developed infrastructure,
where the consumer can avail
the required service at any
place.
8. Lithium Ion Batteries
• Lithium is abundantly available in the world. The battery can be recycled.
• Range
The electric vehicle covers a range of 8 kms per Kwh of Li-ion battery.
The Mahindra e2o uses 11-16 Kwh battery for range of 120 kms.
• Cost
In 2010, the Li-ion batteries cost around $700/Kwh which reduced to $145/Kwh in 2016. It is estimated to reach $120/Kwh by 2020.
In 2010, for the range of 40 mi(64 kms), the pack of batteries cost $12,000 , whereas, it was $3600. In 2015, It reached $1500 by 2020.
In India, due to high cost of Li-ion batteries, finance is one of major problems and also warrants a much higher purchase demand.
• Charging Time
The Mahindra e2o takes around 5 to 8 hrs to charge its 11-16 Kwh battery.
• Efficiency
The batteries can work upto 10+ years and over 7000+ charging cycles.
9. Challenges for Electrification of Vehicles
1. Integration of Electric vehicles within Product Portfolios of OEMs.
2. Collaborations with E-Mobility value chain.
3. Relevant Charging Infrastructure.
4. Marketing of E-Mobility Benefits and Reducing customerAnxiety.
5. Price Customer has to pay to live with an E-Vehicle.
10. Integration of Electric vehicles within Product
Portfolios of OEMs
• Electric Vehicles inclusion in the Product
Portfolio would affect the e-vehicles market
which would help the companies make a brand
value for their EV lineup
• OEMs are following a step by step approach
implementing electric drive in already existing
vehicles of their fleet.
• BMW introduced a new sub brand “BMWi”
which aims to meet the new challenges in a very
holistic and sustainable way.
11. Collaborations with E-Mobility value chain
• EVs represent a new value chain with which OEMs must collaborate and
innovate to establish a viable, global E-Mobility market.
• The Mentioned Players include utilities, charging location owners,
charging infrastructure developers, service providers, mobility users,
and financial services.
• Proper collaboration with these E-Mobility players by OEMs would
ultimately result in increased reliability on E-vehicles and a further
decreased cost and increase in the ease for charging.
• Customers may prefer to rent , share or lease e-vehicles rather than
purchasing them (For example : Ola, Uber etc.)
12. Relevant Charging Infrastructure
• Currently there are two types of charging stations, at
home or work. Both of these sources involve legal
challenges in terms of taxations, accounting that needs
to be addressed.
• Public charging infrastructure is still uncertain, as
large scale investment has not yet surfaced to support
public charging infrastructure as stand alone business.
• Charging stations will only start as business by
private firms when there is adequate usage of e-
vehicles in that particular area.
13. Marketing of E-Mobility Benefits and Reducing
customer Anxiety
• RangeAnxiety reflects a key concern about batteries in
electric cars losing power before reaching a destination or
charging point.
• Customers views about electric cars being sluggish to react
and having a low top speed must be changed by offerings of
OEMs, like TESLAdid.
• There is a lack of awareness among the customers about the
usage of Electric Vehicles to reduce the pollution.
• Customers have views that EVs can be used only for short
daily commute due to lack of performance and unavailability
of charging stations
14. Price Customer has to pay to live with an E-Vehicle
• The prices of EVs is a big concern in India.
• Also there are very few models available, one being Mahindra
e2o which is a very compact hatchback, Toyota Prius, Tata Tigor.
• For the price of Mahindra e2o (Electric Vehicle) customer can
get a Mahindra Thar (conventional 4 wheel drive SUV)
• Tata Tigor EV costs around 11 lakh rupees and conventional
car costs 7 lakhs.
• Charging stations are also not well established so that the cars
could be used for long drives.
• Hence the customers who are willing to pay extra money for
daily commute which can help make an eco friendly future only
can afford Electric vehicles at the moment in India.
15. FEEDBACK FOR MAHINDRA E20
• Product Specs:
Mahindra E20 is a BEV. It can go up to 100 km. within a full recharge time of 8
to 9 hours. It consists of 3 PhaseAC induction Motor and a lithium ion battery of
capacity 280A. It uses regenerative braking.
• Positive Feedbacks:
1. Great for driving in city.
2. Eco Friendly
3. Less maintenance issues
4. Lower risk of breakdown due to less moving parts.
• Negative Feedbacks:
1. Low Pick up
2. Price is too high
3.Battery life needs to be improves to curb range anxiety
4. After sales service could be an issue
16. USAGE OF EVs BY VARIOUS COUNTRIES
• As of Dec 2016, China has the worlds
largest stock of highways legal light
duty plug in electric vehicles with
cumulative sales of more than
6,45,000 plug in electric cars.
• US ranks second with more than
5,70,000 plug in electric vehicles.
• Japan is the worlds third Largest plug
in car country market with about
1,47,500
0
100000
200000
300000
400000
500000
600000
700000
No. of EVs
No. of EVs
17. USAGE OF EVs BY INDIA
• Gujarat topped the list with sales of
just over 4330 units. WB appeared in
the second place with sales of 2,846
units, followed by UP which sold a
total of 2,467 electric vehicles during
the said period. Rajasthan reported
sales of around 2,388 EV units, while
Maharashtra came in fifth with sales of
1,926 units.
• In addition, 25,000 e-vehicles were
sold across India between 2016-17.
5,000
4,500
4,000
3,500
3,000
2,500
2,000
1,500
1,000
500
0
NUMBER
NUMBER
18. RETRO-FITMENT
• The Retro fitment of Hybrid Electric system kit on vehicles with a Gross Vehicle
Weight not exceeding 3500kg shall be permitted if it confirms to BS II or subsequent
emission norms, if it was not retrofitted earlier.
• One of the kinds of kits is the starter generator hybrid system, which assists the engine
at low rpms. This system consists of an electric motor that is attached to the existing
engine by means of a belt drive. It draws its power from a separate or existing stack of
batteries that can either be separately charged or charged from engines alternator
• When the vehicle is accelerating, it provides electric power assist to make it easier for
the motor to turn, thereby reducing emissions and increasing fuel efficiency. When the fuel
is decelerating, it turns into a generator and recharges the batteries.
• However right now-on one hand the government has allowed converting old petrol and
diesel vehicles to electric hybrids but kits and installers don’t exist yet and hence
customers would have to pay a huge sum of money to install such kits.
19. TESLA : A REVOLUTION IN EV
• Tesla was founded by Elon Musk in 2003.
• In March 2008 Tesla began production of Roadster
• In June 2008 it announced Model S
• Tesla launched Model 3 in 2017 which has a high range battery(50 or 75 KwH) which can run for 354 kms
or 500kms repectively.
• In 2017, Tesla filed a patent for a new battery swapping robot that can lift a vehicle and change its battery
pack for a new one in just 15 minutes.
• Tesla has proved the capability of an electric vehicle by developing high performance sports car and
affordable cars for daily commute
20. CONCLUSION
• There are various challenges including financial, technical, supply chain
challenges for development of EVs in India but these challenges can be
solved by a firm resolution by the OEMs and customers.
• Charging stations can be increased once the sales of EVs increase, This
could be achieved by customer awareness about EVs.
• As the use of the EVs increase, OEMs can also bring variety of products in
lower range of prices.
• Educational activities can be organized by OEMs so that the awareness
about EVs is increased, which would further lead to increase in sales.