Shironica P. Karunanayaka gave a keynote presentation on open educational practices at ELDEC in Lahore, Pakistan in 2016. She discussed how open educational resources (OER) can promote sharing in education and outlined various dimensions of openness like open access, open learning, and open technologies. However, merely accessing OER is not enough - educational practices also need to become more open and collaborative. She described initiatives at the Open University of Sri Lanka to design effective learning experiences integrating OER in order to promote a shift towards more open educational practices among educators. This requires a transformation in mindsets that can be supported through innovative pedagogical models and carefully planned interventions.

1. Towards Open Educational
Practices: Possibilities and
Challenges
Shironica P. Karunanayaka
The Open University of Sri Lanka
<spkar@ou.ac.lk>
Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

2. "The future is open" by Creative Commons is licensed under CC BY 4.0
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Shironica Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

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Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

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Value Principle:
“Education is a Common Good ”
Openness in Education
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

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Education is about SHARING…
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

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Opening up
Education
through
Dimensions of
Open Access
Open Learning
Open Teaching
Open Technologies
Open Source Software
Open Text Books
Open Data
Open Access Journals
Open Scholarship
Open Courses
Open Badges
Open Educational
Resources
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

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A continuum of
‘Open’ Practices
has been evolving over time…
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan
MOOCS
Open
Licensing OER
Open
Universiti
es
WWW Open
Content

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OER enables
extremely
efficient
&
affordable
sharing
of educational
resources…
 Freely
 Openly
 Equitably
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

9. Enhanced Openness
through OER
 Empowers
teachers and
learners to
become more
creative and
innovative
in their
educational
practices…
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(Wiley, 2014)
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

10. Opening Up…
Access
OER
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Practices
OEP
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

11. MOST OPEN
LEAST OPEN
Open Access vs. Open Practices
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Instructivist
approaches
Constructivist
approaches
MOST OPEN
LEAST OPEN
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

12. Open Educational Practices (OEP)
 Support the (re)use and production of OER
through institutional policies,
 Promote innovative pedagogical models, and
 Respect and empower learners as co-producers on
their lifelong learning path…
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(OPAL, 2009;
Ehlers, 2011)
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

13. Challenge: Implementing OEP
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 Implementing OEP in such a way to
promote a culture of collaborative
practices is very challenging.
 This essentially requires a ‘change’
in practitioners’ mindsets towards a
more open, participatory, creative
and sharing culture.
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

14. Enacting
 Carefully designed OER-based e-learning
environments based on innovative pedagogical
models would offer a viable solution to support
transformational changes in thinking and practices
among practitioners.
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“Change is a journey, not a blueprint”
(Fullan, 1993)
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

15. Promoting OEP through
designing appropriate
experiences
 The Case of OUSL
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Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

16. Effective, Efficient, Engaging Learning
Experience Design – Three Initiatives…
 Promoting
▫ Authentic
▫ Situated
▫ Learning-centric
▫ Task-oriented
▫ Peer-supported
▫ Creative
▫ Reflective OER-based eLearning environments
 Integrating different forms of OER
in different ways.
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Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

17. 1. Engines for Education (2013-2014)
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• A framework for the
design of effective,
efficient and
engaging learning
experiences based
on a situated
learning pedagogy -
Scenario- based
Learning (SBL),
with OER
integration in the
learning design.(Naidu & Karunanayaka, 2015)
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

18. 2. OER-based eLearning (2014-2015)
(Karunanayaka, Naidu, Rajendra, Ratnayaka, 2015)
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 The ‘Engines of
Education”
framework
integrated with the
OPAL framework
(2009) to design
an OER-based e-
Learning course,
extending beyond
mere access of
OER to innovative
OEP.
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

19. 3. OEP through a DBR approach (2015-2016)
(Karunanayaka & Naidu, 2016)
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 A design-based
research framework
(Reeves, 2006)
through a carefully
planned intervention
strategies at
different stages over
time, used in real life
settings of OER-
integrated teaching,
to promote OEP
among teachers,
while ascertaining its
impact.
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

20. Reflections
 A systematic approach to the integration of
OER in teaching and learning was required to
enact a ‘change’ in the mindsets of
practitioners to move beyond mere access of
OER to OEP.
 Different ways and levels of OER integration
in the learning design, through a carefully
orchestrated series of learning experiences
based on real life situations supported
practitioners to gradually move towards OEP.
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Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

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Concluding Thoughts…
 Opening up educational practices requires
transformational changes in organizations.
 A ‘transformational change’ can happen through
‘transformative learning’, where sets of fixed
assumptions and expectations would be
transformed to make them more open, reflective,
and emotionally able to change (Scheels, 2013).
 Design of appropriate effective, efficient, and
engaging experiences based on innovative
pedagogical models offers a viable solution to
enhance transformational changes in mindsets and
practices among practitioners towards OEP.
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

22. References
• Ehlers, U.-D. (2011). From open educational resources to open educational practices. eLearning Papers (23).
Retrieved from: https://oerknowledgecloud.org/sites/oerknowledgecloud.org/files/media25161.pdf
• Fullan, M.G. (1993). The Professional Teacher: Why Teachers Must Become Change Agents. Educational
Leadership. 50(6) March 1993. Retrieved from: http://www.michaelfullan.ca/Articles_98-99/03_93.pdf
• Karunanayaka, S. P., Naidu, S. (2016). From mindsets to mindstorms: Promoting transformational change in
OEP at OUSL. Poster presentation at OEPS Forum4, 9 March, 2016, Scotland
• Karunanayaka, S. P., Naidu, S., Rajendra, J., & Ratnayake, H. (2015). From OER to OEP: Shifting Practitioner
Perspectives and Practices with Innovative Learning Experience Design. Open Praxis, 7(4), 339-350.
doi:10.5944/openpraxis.7.4.252 Retrieved from:
http://www.openpraxis.org/index.php/OpenPraxis/article/view/252/0
• Karunanayaka, S.P. & Naidu, S. & (2014). (Eds). Integrating OER in Educational Practice : Practitioner Stories.
The Open University of Sri Lanka. Retrieved from:
http://www.ou.ac.lk/home/images/OUSL/publications/intergratingOERinEducationalPractice.pdf
• Naidu, S. & Karunanayaka, S. P. (2015). Impacts of OER: What difference does it make & how? Research paper
presented at the International Conference on Distance Education (ICDE), 14-16 October, 2015, Sun City, South
Africa, hosted by the University of South Africa (Unisa)
• OPAL (Open Educational Quality Initiative) Report. (2009). Retrieved from:
http:/eu/eacea.ec.europa./llp/projects/public_parts/documents/ict/2009/mp_504893_ict_FR_opal.pdf
• Reeves, T.C. (2006). Design research from a technology perspective. In J. van den Akker, K. Gravemeijer, S.
McKenney & N. Nieveen (Eds.), Educational design research (pp. 52-66). London: Routledge.
• Scheels, P. (2013). Processes of Transformational Change and Transformative Learning. Retrieved from:
https://scheelelearning.com/2013/07/processes-of-transformational-change-and-transformative-learning/
• Wiley, D. (2014 March 15). Clarifying the 5th R [Web log post] Retrieved from:
http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3251
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Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

23. Acknowledgements
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 The Open University of Sri Lanka (OUSL)
 Research on Open Educational Resources
for Development Project (ROER4D)
 Commonwealth of Learning (COL)
 Commonwealth Educational Media Centre
for Asia (CEMCA)
 Dr. Som Naidu, Monash University,
Australia – Co-Lead Researcher
Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan

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Shironica P. Karunanayaka, Keynote Presentation, ELDEC, 14-15 March 2016, Lahore, Pakistan