The study found that Ivermectin, an FDA-approved anti-parasitic drug, is able to inhibit the replication of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19, in vitro. A single dose of Ivermectin resulted in a ~5000-fold reduction in viral RNA at 48 hours when added to infected cells. Ivermectin is believed to work by inhibiting the nuclear import of viral proteins through interaction with importin proteins. The study suggests Ivermectin warrants further investigation for potential benefits against COVID-19 in humans.
Possible drugs to fight coronavirus remdesivirRami Bechara
This can be assimilated for a small literature review. Sources include research articles, news articles and pharmaceutical websites. The drug involved in Redmesivir
In this presentation you will find everything you need to know about the antiviral drug Remdesivir.
It was made by pharmaceutical student, for medicinal chemistry course.
Hope you enjoy it and leave a like.
Remdesivir – A New “Standard Of Care” Against COVID 19JazzCrystal
Remdesivir is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug developed by American biopharmaceutical giant Gilead Sciences. Remdesivir was developed for the treatment of Hepatitis C. Eventually, in the past this drug has been effectively used for the treat SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus, and now researchers around the globe are hopeful that this drug stands strong against COVID 19 as well.
Detecting neutralization antibodies to covid 19Melvin Alex
A robust serological test to detect neutralizing antibodies to SARS Cov-2 is needed to determine not only the infection rate, herd immunity, and predicted humoral protection, but also vaccine efficacy during clinical trials after large-scale vaccination.
Possible drugs to fight coronavirus remdesivirRami Bechara
This can be assimilated for a small literature review. Sources include research articles, news articles and pharmaceutical websites. The drug involved in Redmesivir
In this presentation you will find everything you need to know about the antiviral drug Remdesivir.
It was made by pharmaceutical student, for medicinal chemistry course.
Hope you enjoy it and leave a like.
Remdesivir – A New “Standard Of Care” Against COVID 19JazzCrystal
Remdesivir is a broad-spectrum antiviral drug developed by American biopharmaceutical giant Gilead Sciences. Remdesivir was developed for the treatment of Hepatitis C. Eventually, in the past this drug has been effectively used for the treat SARS coronavirus and MERS coronavirus, and now researchers around the globe are hopeful that this drug stands strong against COVID 19 as well.
Detecting neutralization antibodies to covid 19Melvin Alex
A robust serological test to detect neutralizing antibodies to SARS Cov-2 is needed to determine not only the infection rate, herd immunity, and predicted humoral protection, but also vaccine efficacy during clinical trials after large-scale vaccination.
Remdesivir ; Role of remdesivir in COVID 19Shikha Panwar
Corona pandemic and antiviral drug therapy and role of remdesivir in treatment. NEJM compassionate treatment article, Lancet chinese study and Dr.Fauci NIH study with interim analyses allowing emergency use of Remdesivir
Dr. PH Rathkjen - Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) around t...John Blue
Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) around the World – What’s new regarding Global cross‐protection against PRRS - Dr. PH Rathkjen, Boehringer Ingelheim, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Dr. Brian Payne - PCV2: Diagnostics, Control, Protection, and Efficacy MeasuresJohn Blue
PCV2: Diagnostics, Control, Protection, and Efficacy Measures - Dr. Brian Payne, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc, from the Boehringer Ingelheim Pre-AASV Conference, February 28, 2014 - Dallas, TX
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-boehringer-ingelheim-aasv
Five drug development strategies to combat SARS-CoV2Anton Yuryev
Slides were presented at webinar on “Opportunities & Challenges in Drug Discovery and Development” organised by Elsevier in collaboration with Dr Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences, Hyderabad on July 16th,2020
Dr. Tanja Opriessnig - Update on novel experimental pig vaccine approachesJohn Blue
Update on novel experimental pig vaccine approaches - Dr. Tanja Opriessnig, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh and Iowa State University, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Sensitivity and Specificity of an In-house Sandwich ELISA Kit for Newcastle D...Dr. Md. Ehsanul Haque
Of all serological tests enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is still considered the gold standard for the detection of antigens and antibodies of either macro or micro-organisms worldwide. The ELISA kits for serum antibody detection against many viruses and other micro-organisms of both man and animals are available in the market. Whereas, antigen detection ELISA kits for Newcastle disease virus
(NDV) is not yet available in Bangladesh. The Present study was designed for the development of an economically feasible In-house Sandwich ELISA and to test its sensitivity and specificity for the detection of NDV antigens from clinically suspected field samples. 96-well flat bottom polystyrene plates coated with hyperimmune polyclonal serum against NDV raised in rabbits was used to capture NDV
antigens. The anti-rabbit IgG and DAB with 30% H2O2 were used as conjugate and substrate respectively for standardization of the test method. The plate coated with serum diluted 10-3 was found suitable for capturing maximum antigen of NDV by the In-house Sandwich ELISA. The cut-off value of the present ELISA test was calculated as 0.855 and was able to capture the viral antigen present in the 10-4 fold
dilution of allantoic fluid (AF) which is equivalent to 1HA unit, indicating the highest degree of sensitivity of the newly developed ELISA. In case of field samples, the newly developed ELISA kit was able to detect 100% viral antigens of NDV present in the feces, 95.50% of the brain tissue and oro-nasal swab and 94.12% of colon swab samples of either naturally and experimentally infected birds in this study. The
ND virus specific polyclonal antibody used in the kit bind only with ND virus without any cross reactive antigens of other viruses of chicken like Avian influenza virus (AIV) and Infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV). Therefore, findings of the present study clearly indicates that the newly developed In-house Sandwich ELISA kit can be used for rapid confirmatory diagnosis of Newcastle disease (ND) with minimum cost, using any kind of field samples from either sick or dead birds.
ABSTRACT- Multiple Drug resistance (MDR) tuberculosis timely diagnose is of utmost clinical relevance and needs to be diagnose at initial stages for the proper treatment. The current study was done to detect the several genes for MDR tuberculosis (TB) in clinical isolates by molecular tools. 60 clinical isolates were collected and subjected for AFB smear preparation, Nested PCR (IS6110) for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex detection and MDR TB PCR targeting rpoB, kat G, mab A promoter. 12 came positive for AFB smears, out of which 08 were pulmonary and 04 were extra pulmonary. Nested PCR targeting IS6110 gene was amplified at 123 base pairs with 340 base pairs as IC (internal control) was seen in 25 cases which include 19 pulmonary and 6 extra pulmonary. The Positive TB PCR specimens were subjected for MDRTB PCR Only 06 cases yielded, an amplicon of 315 bp confirming the rpoB gene resistance for resistance for rifampcin drug. In any of the 06 positives none of the other resistance gene other than rpoB was amplified. Targeting multiple genes at once, additional information will be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Current study signifies the usage of quick, cost effective, DNA sequences based method for MDR TB detection where disease will be diagnosed earlier and hence treatment would be started at an early stage.
Keywords: Multiple drug resistance, amplicon, Polymerase chain reaction, Nested PCR, Rifampicin.
Male urogenital tract infection is one of the most important
causes of male infertility, worldwide since genital tract
infection and inflammation have been associated with 8-35%
of male infertility cases. Bacteriospermia is defined as the
presence of bacteria in seminal fluid samples.
Bacteriospermia may play a major role in infertility. Male
accessory sex glands infection is a major risk factor in
infertility. The significance of pathophysiology of
bacteriospermia has been seriously discussed in recent years.The isolation of microorganisms from seminal fluid especially of infertile men had been widely reported. It is always recommended that microbiological study of semen can be performed in asymptomatic infertile men with leukocyto-spermia. Aerobic and anaerobic culture of semen can detect a wide range of urogenital pathogens.
Dr. Meggan Bandrick - The latest on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)John Blue
The latest on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) - Dr. Meggan Bandrick, Zoetis, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Clinical use of serum parvovirus and distemper virus antibody titers for dete...Yotam Copelovitz
The objective of this article is to assess whether serum canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) antibody
titers can be used to determine revaccination protocols in healthy dogs.
Ομιλία – Παρουσίαση: Αχιλλέας Γραβάνης, Καθηγητής Φαρμακολογίας, Ιατρική Σχολή Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης, Ερευνητής, Ινστιτούτο Μοριακής Βιολογίας & Βιοτεχνολογίας του ΙΤΕ
Remdesivir ; Role of remdesivir in COVID 19Shikha Panwar
Corona pandemic and antiviral drug therapy and role of remdesivir in treatment. NEJM compassionate treatment article, Lancet chinese study and Dr.Fauci NIH study with interim analyses allowing emergency use of Remdesivir
Dr. PH Rathkjen - Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) around t...John Blue
Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) around the World – What’s new regarding Global cross‐protection against PRRS - Dr. PH Rathkjen, Boehringer Ingelheim, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Dr. Brian Payne - PCV2: Diagnostics, Control, Protection, and Efficacy MeasuresJohn Blue
PCV2: Diagnostics, Control, Protection, and Efficacy Measures - Dr. Brian Payne, Boehringer Ingelheim Vetmedica, Inc, from the Boehringer Ingelheim Pre-AASV Conference, February 28, 2014 - Dallas, TX
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2014-boehringer-ingelheim-aasv
Five drug development strategies to combat SARS-CoV2Anton Yuryev
Slides were presented at webinar on “Opportunities & Challenges in Drug Discovery and Development” organised by Elsevier in collaboration with Dr Reddy’s Institute of Life Sciences, Hyderabad on July 16th,2020
Dr. Tanja Opriessnig - Update on novel experimental pig vaccine approachesJohn Blue
Update on novel experimental pig vaccine approaches - Dr. Tanja Opriessnig, The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh and Iowa State University, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Sensitivity and Specificity of an In-house Sandwich ELISA Kit for Newcastle D...Dr. Md. Ehsanul Haque
Of all serological tests enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is still considered the gold standard for the detection of antigens and antibodies of either macro or micro-organisms worldwide. The ELISA kits for serum antibody detection against many viruses and other micro-organisms of both man and animals are available in the market. Whereas, antigen detection ELISA kits for Newcastle disease virus
(NDV) is not yet available in Bangladesh. The Present study was designed for the development of an economically feasible In-house Sandwich ELISA and to test its sensitivity and specificity for the detection of NDV antigens from clinically suspected field samples. 96-well flat bottom polystyrene plates coated with hyperimmune polyclonal serum against NDV raised in rabbits was used to capture NDV
antigens. The anti-rabbit IgG and DAB with 30% H2O2 were used as conjugate and substrate respectively for standardization of the test method. The plate coated with serum diluted 10-3 was found suitable for capturing maximum antigen of NDV by the In-house Sandwich ELISA. The cut-off value of the present ELISA test was calculated as 0.855 and was able to capture the viral antigen present in the 10-4 fold
dilution of allantoic fluid (AF) which is equivalent to 1HA unit, indicating the highest degree of sensitivity of the newly developed ELISA. In case of field samples, the newly developed ELISA kit was able to detect 100% viral antigens of NDV present in the feces, 95.50% of the brain tissue and oro-nasal swab and 94.12% of colon swab samples of either naturally and experimentally infected birds in this study. The
ND virus specific polyclonal antibody used in the kit bind only with ND virus without any cross reactive antigens of other viruses of chicken like Avian influenza virus (AIV) and Infectious bursal disease viruses (IBDV). Therefore, findings of the present study clearly indicates that the newly developed In-house Sandwich ELISA kit can be used for rapid confirmatory diagnosis of Newcastle disease (ND) with minimum cost, using any kind of field samples from either sick or dead birds.
ABSTRACT- Multiple Drug resistance (MDR) tuberculosis timely diagnose is of utmost clinical relevance and needs to be diagnose at initial stages for the proper treatment. The current study was done to detect the several genes for MDR tuberculosis (TB) in clinical isolates by molecular tools. 60 clinical isolates were collected and subjected for AFB smear preparation, Nested PCR (IS6110) for mycobacterium tuberculosis complex detection and MDR TB PCR targeting rpoB, kat G, mab A promoter. 12 came positive for AFB smears, out of which 08 were pulmonary and 04 were extra pulmonary. Nested PCR targeting IS6110 gene was amplified at 123 base pairs with 340 base pairs as IC (internal control) was seen in 25 cases which include 19 pulmonary and 6 extra pulmonary. The Positive TB PCR specimens were subjected for MDRTB PCR Only 06 cases yielded, an amplicon of 315 bp confirming the rpoB gene resistance for resistance for rifampcin drug. In any of the 06 positives none of the other resistance gene other than rpoB was amplified. Targeting multiple genes at once, additional information will be gained from a single test run that otherwise would require several times the reagents and more time to perform. Current study signifies the usage of quick, cost effective, DNA sequences based method for MDR TB detection where disease will be diagnosed earlier and hence treatment would be started at an early stage.
Keywords: Multiple drug resistance, amplicon, Polymerase chain reaction, Nested PCR, Rifampicin.
Male urogenital tract infection is one of the most important
causes of male infertility, worldwide since genital tract
infection and inflammation have been associated with 8-35%
of male infertility cases. Bacteriospermia is defined as the
presence of bacteria in seminal fluid samples.
Bacteriospermia may play a major role in infertility. Male
accessory sex glands infection is a major risk factor in
infertility. The significance of pathophysiology of
bacteriospermia has been seriously discussed in recent years.The isolation of microorganisms from seminal fluid especially of infertile men had been widely reported. It is always recommended that microbiological study of semen can be performed in asymptomatic infertile men with leukocyto-spermia. Aerobic and anaerobic culture of semen can detect a wide range of urogenital pathogens.
Dr. Meggan Bandrick - The latest on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV)John Blue
The latest on Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus (PEDV) - Dr. Meggan Bandrick, Zoetis, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
Clinical use of serum parvovirus and distemper virus antibody titers for dete...Yotam Copelovitz
The objective of this article is to assess whether serum canine parvovirus (CPV) and canine distemper virus (CDV) antibody
titers can be used to determine revaccination protocols in healthy dogs.
Ομιλία – Παρουσίαση: Αχιλλέας Γραβάνης, Καθηγητής Φαρμακολογίας, Ιατρική Σχολή Πανεπιστήμιο Κρήτης, Ερευνητής, Ινστιτούτο Μοριακής Βιολογίας & Βιοτεχνολογίας του ΙΤΕ
These slides talk about the top few candidates in the COVID-19 vaccine race. There are currently around 200 candidates in R&D, a handful of which has entered clinical trials. The top runners are AstraZeneca, Pfizer, & Moderna.
Các nguyên tắc thẩm định vaccine chống Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 theo tiêu chuẩn GMP Nhật Bản. Xem thêm các tài liệu khác trên kênh của Công ty Cổ phần Tư vấn Thiết kế GMP EU
Susan Little, MD
Professor of Medicine
Co-Director, AntiViral Research Center
Division of Infectious Diseases & Global Public Health
Department of Medicine
University of California, San Diego
Scientists develop a new sars co v-2 vaccine with the successful experience o...DoriaFang
A multidisciplinary research team brought a new candidate SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. This vaccine draws on the successful experience of the hepatitis B vaccine platform, uses yeast to express the receptor binding domain (RBD) protein of the new coronavirus, and is supplemented with a new adjuvant to promote the immune response.
Role of antiviral in COVID 19
IDSA GUIDELINE
CDC GUIDELINE
SAUDI MOH GUIDELINE
NEW ORAL ANTIVIRAL FOR COVID 19
INVESTIGTIONAL ANTIVIRAL FOR COVID19
LAST UPDATE OF ANTIVIRAL COVID 19
Современное лечение и профилактика ВИЧ : передовые стратегии лечения у пациен...hivlifeinfo
Стратегии смены АРТ у пациентов с вирусной супрессией, включая смену АРТ при резистентности, рекомендации по инъекционным препаратам длительного действия , смена АРТ до или во время беременности
Dr. Mike Roof - Impact of Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) ...John Blue
Impact of Porcine Reproductive & Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) vaccination on infectious load and implications for area control and eradication - Dr. Mike Roof, Boehringer Ingelheim, from the 2016 North American PRRS Symposium, December 3‐4, 2016, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2016-north-american-prrs-symposium
- Video recording of this lecture in English language: https://youtu.be/lK81BzxMqdo
- Video recording of this lecture in Arabic language: https://youtu.be/Ve4P0COk9OI
- Link to download the book free: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/nephrotube-nephrology-books.html
- Link to NephroTube website: www.NephroTube.com
- Link to NephroTube social media accounts: https://nephrotube.blogspot.com/p/join-nephrotube-on-social-media.html
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Ve...kevinkariuki227
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
TEST BANK for Operations Management, 14th Edition by William J. Stevenson, Verified Chapters 1 - 19, Complete Newest Version.pdf
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
Report Back from SGO 2024: What’s the Latest in Cervical Cancer?bkling
Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
- WOMEN’S HEALTH: FERTILITY PRESERVATION
- WHAT’S NEW IN THE TREATMENT OF INFECTIOUS,
ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
- ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ETHICS
- GENE THERAPY
- BEYOND BORDERS: GLOBAL INITIATIVES FOR DEMOCRATIZING LIFE SCIENCE TECHNOLOGIES AND PROMOTING ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE
- ETHICAL CHALLENGES IN LIFE SCIENCES
- Prix Galien International Awards Ceremony
Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
2. The FDA-approved Drug Ivermectin inhibits the replication of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro.1
2
Leon Caly1
, Julian D. Druce1
, Mike G. Catton1
, David A. Jans2
and Kylie M. Wagstaff2*
3
1
Victorian Infectious Diseases Reference Laboratory, Royal Melbourne Hospital, at the4
Peter Doherty Institute for Infection and Immunity, Victoria, 3000, Australia.5
2
Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, 3800 Australia6
7
* Corresponding author:8
Dr. Kylie Wagstaff, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, Vic, 38009
Australia10
Tel: +61 3 9902 934811
Email: kylie.wagstaff@monash.edu12
13
14
15
3. Summary16
Although several clinical trials are now underway to test possible therapies, the worldwide17
response to the COVID-19 outbreak has been largely limited to monitoring/containment. We18
report here that Ivermectin, an FDA-approved anti-parasitic previously shown to have broad-19
spectrum anti-viral activity in vitro, is an inhibitor of the causative virus (SARS-CoV-2), with20
a single addition to Vero-hSLAM cells 2 hours post infection with SARS-CoV-2 able to21
effect ~5000-fold reduction in viral RNA at 48 h. Ivermectin therefore warrants further22
investigation for possible benefits in humans.23
24
25
26
4. Ivermectin is an FDA-approved broad spectrum anti-parasitic agent1
that in recent years we,27
along with other groups, have shown to have anti-viral activity against a broad range of28
viruses2-5
in vitro. Originally identified as an inhibitor of interaction between the human29
immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) integrase protein (IN) and the importin (IMP) α/β130
heterodimer responsible for IN nuclear import6
, Ivermectin has since been confirmed to31
inhibit IN nuclear import and HIV-1 replication5
. Other actions of ivermectin have been32
reported7
, but ivermectin has been shown to inhibit nuclear import of host (eg. 8, 9
) and viral33
proteins, including simian virus SV40 large tumour antigen (T-ag) and dengue virus (DENV)34
non-structural protein 55, 6
. Importantly, it has been demonstrated to limit infection by RNA35
viruses such as DENV 1-44
, West Nile Virus10
, Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus36
(VEEV)3
and influenza2
, with this broad spectrum activity believed to be due to the reliance37
by many different RNA viruses on IMPα/β1 during infection11, 12
. Ivermectin has similarly38
been shown to be effective against the DNA virus pseudorabies virus (PRV) both in vitro and39
in vivo, with ivermectin treatment shown to increase survival in PRV-infected mice13
.40
Efficacy was not observed for ivermectin against Zika virus (ZIKV) in mice, but the authors41
acknowledged that study limitations justified re-evaluation of ivermectin’s anti-ZIKV42
activity14
. Finally, ivermectin was the focus of a phase III clinical trial in Thailand in 2014-43
2017, against DENV infection, in which a single daily oral dose was observed to be safe and44
resulted in a significant reduction in serum levels of viral NS1 protein, but no change in45
viremia or clinical benefit was observed (see below)15
.46
The causative agent of the current COVID-19 pandemic, SARS-CoV-2, is a single47
stranded positive sense RNA virus that is closely related to severe acute respiratory syndrome48
coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Studies on SARS-CoV proteins have revealed a potential role for49
IMPα/β1 during infection in signal-dependent nucleocytoplasmic shutting of the SARS-CoV50
Nucleocapsid protein16-18
, that may impact host cell division19, 20
. In addition, the SARS-CoV51
5. accessory protein ORF6 has been shown to antagonize the antiviral activity of the STAT152
transcription factor by sequestering IMPα/β1 on the rough ER/Golgi membrane21
. Taken53
together, these reports suggested that ivermectin’s nuclear transport inhibitory activity may54
be effective against SARS-CoV-2.55
To test the antiviral activity of ivermectin towards SARS-CoV-2, we infected56
Vero/hSLAM cells with SARS-CoV-2 isolate Australia/VIC01/2020 at an MOI of 0.1 for 257
h, followed by the addition of 5 µM ivermectin. Supernatant and cell pellets were harvested58
at days 0-3 and analysed by RT-PCR for the replication of SARS-CoV-2 RNA (Fig. 1A/B).59
At 24 h, there was a 93% reduction in viral RNA present in the supernatant (indicative of60
released virions) of samples treated with ivermectin compared to the vehicle DMSO.61
Similarly a 99.8% reduction in cell-associated viral RNA (indicative of unreleased and62
unpackaged virions) was observed with ivermectin treatment. By 48h this effect increased to63
an ~5000-fold reduction of viral RNA in ivermectin-treated compared to control samples,64
indicating that ivermectin treatment resulted in the effective loss of essentially all viral65
material by 48 h. Consistent with this idea, no further reduction in viral RNA was observed at66
72 h. As we have observed previously3-5
, no toxicity of ivermectin was observed at any of the67
timepoints tested, in either the sample wells or in parallel tested drug alone samples.68
To further determine the effectiveness of ivemectin, cells infected with SARS-CoV-2 were69
treated with serial dilutions of ivermectin 2 h post infection and supernatant and cell pellets70
collected for real-time RT-PCR at 48 h (Fig. 1C/D). As above, a >5000 reduction in viral71
RNA was observed in both supernatant and cell pellets from samples treated with 5 µM72
ivermectin at 48 h, equating to a 99.98% reduction in viral RNA in these samples. Again, no73
toxicity was observed with ivermectin at any of the concentrations tested. The IC50 of74
ivermectin treatment was determined to be ~2µM under these conditions. Underlining the75
fact that the assay indeed specifically detected SARS-CoV-2, RT-PCR experiments were76
6. repeated using primers specific for the viral RdRp gene (Fig. 1E/F) rather than the E gene77
(above), with nearly identical results observed for both released (supernatant) and cell-78
associated virus.79
Taken together these results demonstrate that ivermectin has antiviral action against80
the SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate in vitro, with a single dose able to control viral replication81
within 24-48 h in our system. We hypothesise that this is likely through inhibiting IMPα/β1-82
mediated nuclear import of viral proteins (Fig. 1G), as shown for other RNA viruses 4, 5, 10
;83
confirmation of this mechanism in the case of SARS-CoV-2, and identification of the specific84
SARS-CoV-2 and/or host component(s) impacted (see 10
) is an important focus future work85
in this laboratory. Ultimately, development of an effective anti-viral for SARS-CoV-2, if86
given to patients early in infection, could help to limit the viral load, prevent severe disease87
progression and limit person-person transmission. Benchmarking testing of ivermectin88
against other potential antivirals for SARS-CoV-2 with alternative mechanisms of action22-26
89
would thus be important as soon as practicable. This Brief Report raises the possibility that90
ivermectin could be a useful antiviral to limit SARS-CoV-2, in similar fashion to those91
already reported22-26
; until one of these is proven to be beneficial in a clinical setting, all92
should be pursued as rapidly as possible.93
Ivermectin has an established safety profile for human use1, 12, 27
, and is FDA-94
approved for a number of parasitic infections1, 27
. Importantly, recent reviews and meta-95
analysis indicate that high dose ivermectin has comparable safety as the standard low-dose96
treatment, although there is not enough evidence to make conclusions about the safety profile97
in pregnancy 28, 29
. The critical next step in further evaluation for possible benefit in COVID-98
19 patients will be to examine a multiple addition dosing regimen that mimics the current99
approved usage of ivermectin in humans. As noted, ivermectin was the focus of a recent100
phase III clinical trial in dengue patients in Thailand, in which a single daily dose was found101
7. to be safe but did not produce any clinical benefit. However, the investigators noted that an102
improved dosing regimen might be developed, based on pharmacokinetic data15
. Although103
DENV is clearly very different to SARS-CoV-2, this trial design should inform future work104
going forward. Altogether the current report, combined with a known-safety profile,105
demonstrates that ivermectin is worthy of further consideration as a possible SARS-CoV-2106
antiviral.107
108
Methods109
Cell culture, viral infection and drug treatment110
Vero/hSLAM cells30
were maintained in Earle’s Minimum Essential Medium (EMEM)111
containing 7% Fetal Bovine Serum (FBS) (Bovogen Biologicals, Keilor East, AUS) 2 mM L-112
Glutamine, 1 mM Sodium pyruvate, 1500 mg/L sodium bicarbonate, 15 mM HEPES and 0.4113
mg/ml geneticin at 37°C, 5% CO2. Cells were seeded into 12-well tissue culture plates 24 h114
prior to infection with SARS-CoV-2 (Australia/VIC01/2020 isolate) at an MOI of 0.1 in115
infection media (as per maintenance media but containing only 2% FBS) for 2 h. Media116
containing inoculum was removed and replaced with 1 mL fresh media (2% FBS) containing117
Ivermectin at the indicated concentrations or DMSO alone and incubated as indicated for 0-3118
days. At the appropriate timepoint, cell supernatant was collected and spun for 10 min at119
6,000g to remove debris and the supernatant transferred to fresh collection tubes. The cell120
monolayers were collected by scraping and resuspension into 1 mL fresh media (2% FBS).121
Toxicity controls were set up in parallel in every experiment on uninfected cells.122
123
Generation of SARS-CoV-2 cDNA124
RNA was extracted from 200 μL aliquots of sample supernatant or cell suspension using the125
QIAamp 96 Virus QIAcube HT Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and eluted in 60 μl. Reverse126
8. transcription was performed using the BioLine SensiFAST cDNA kit (Bioline, London,127
United Kingdom), total reaction mixture (20 μl), containing 10 μL of RNA extract, 4 μl of 5x128
TransAmp buffer, 1μl of Reverse Transcriptase and 5 μl of Nuclease free water. The129
reactions were incubated at 25°C for 10 min, 42°C for 15 min and 85°C for 5 min.130
131
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 using a TaqMan Real-time RT-PCR assay.132
TaqMan RT-PCR assay were performed using 2.5 μl cDNA, 10 μl Primer Design133
PrecisonPLUS qPCR Master Mix 1 μM Forward (5’- AAA TTC TAT GGT GGT TGG CAC134
AAC ATG TT-3’), 1 μM Reverse (5’- TAG GCA TAG CTC TRT CAC AYT T-3’) primers135
and 0.2 μM probe (5’-FAM- TGG GTT GGG ATT ATC-MGBNFQ-3’) targeting the136
BetaCoV RdRp (RNA-dependent RNA polymerase) gene or Forward (5’-ACA GGT ACG137
TTA ATA GTT AAT AGC GT -3’), 1 μM Reverse (5’-ATA TTG CAG CAG TAC GCA138
CAC A-3’) primers and 0.2 μM probe (5’-FAM-ACA CTA GCC ATC CTT ACT GCG CTT139
CG-140
286 NFQ-3’) targeting the BetaCoV E-gene31
. Real-time RT-PCR assays were performed on141
an Applied Biosystems ABI 7500 Fast real-time PCR machine (Applied Biosystems, Foster142
City, CA, USA) using cycling conditions of 95°C for 2 min, 95°C for 5 s, 60°C for 24 s.143
SARS-CoV-2 cDNA (Ct~28) was used as a positive control. Calculated Ct values were144
converted to fold-reduction of treated samples compared to control using the ∆Ct method145
(fold changed in viral RNA = 2^∆Ct) and expressed as % of DMSO alone sample. IC50146
values were fitted using 3 parameter dose response curves in GraphPad prism.147
148
149
150
151
9. Funding152
This work was supported by a National Breast Cancer Foundation Fellowship (ECF-17-007)153
for KMW and an NHMRC SPRF (APP1103050) for DAJ.154
155
156
10. References157
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235
236
12. Figure 1: Ivermectin is a potent inhibitor of the SARS-CoV-2 clinical isolate237
Australia/VIC01/2020. Vero/hSLAM cells were in infected with SARS-CoV-2 clinical238
isolate Australia/VIC01/2020 (MOI = 0.1) for 2 h prior to addition of vehicle (DMSO) or239
Ivermectin at the indicated concentrations. Samples were taken at 0-3 days post infection for240
quantitation of viral load using real-time PCR of cell associated virus (A) or supernatant (B).241
IC50 values were determined in subsequent experiments at 48 h post infection using the242
indicated concentrations of Ivermectin (treated at 2 h post infection as per A/B). Triplicate243
real-time PCR analysis was performed on cell associated virus (C/E) or supernatant (D/F)244
using probes against either the SARS-CoV-2 E (C/D) or RdRp (E/F) genes. Results represent245
mean ± SD (n=3). 3 parameter dose response curves were fitted using GraphPad prism to246
determine IC50 values (indicated). G. Schematic of ivermectin’s proposed antiviral action on247
coronavirus. IMPα/β1 binds to the coronavirus cargo protein in the cytoplasm (top) and248
translocates it through the nuclear pore complex (NPC) into the nucleus where the complex249
falls apart and the viral cargo can reduce the host cell’s antiviral response, leading to250
enhanced infection. Ivermectin binds to and destabilises the Impα/β1 heterodimer thereby251
preventing Impα/β1 from binding to the viral protein (bottom) and preventing it from252
entering the nucleus. This likely results in reduced inhibition of the antiviral responses,253
leading to a normal, more efficient antiviral response.254
255
13. 0 1 2 3
0.0001
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Day
RelativeviralRNA(%)
0 1 2 3
0.001
0.01
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Day
RelativeviralRNA(%)
Cell Associated Virus Supernatant
A B
16. Highlights
• Ivermectin is an inhibitor of the COVID-19 causative virus (SARS-CoV-2) in vitro.
• A single treatment able to effect ~5000-fold reduction in virus at 48h in cell culture.
• Ivermectin is FDA-approved for parasitic infections, and therefore has a potential for
repurposing.
• Ivermectin is widely available, due to its inclusion on the WHO model list of essential
medicines.