- Egyptian civilization began around 3150 BC with the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt under the first pharaoh, and was divided into three main periods: the Old, Middle and New Kingdoms. - Ancient Egypt was highly successful due to its ability to adapt to flooding along the Nile River, which allowed for surplus crop production and resource allocation to projects such as construction, trade, and military defenses. - Notable Egyptian achievements included architectural and engineering feats, mathematics, medicine, early naval technology, treaties, and agricultural advances. Their efficient social hierarchy and religious customs centered on the pharaoh also contributed to their prosperous civilization.

2. -Egyptian civilization started around 3150 BC
- commenced with the political unification of
Upper and Lower Egypt under the first
pharaoh.
-history of ancient Egypt occurred in a series
of stable Kingdoms, separated by periods of
relative instability known as Intermediate
Periods: the Old Kingdom of the Early Bronze
Age, the Middle Kingdom of the Middle Bronze
Age and the New Kingdom of the Late Bronze
Age.

3. Ancient Egypt was
an ancient
civilization of
eastern North
Africa,
concentrated along
the lower reaches
of the Nile River in
what is now the
modern country of
Egypt.

4. -The success of ancient Egyptian civilization came from its ability to adapt to the
conditions of the Nile River Valley. flooding and controlled irrigation of the fertile
valley produced surplus crops, which fueled social development and culture.
-Administration had surplus resources due to their successful farming methods.
-surplus was used on: mineral exploitation of the valley and surrounding desert
regions,
the early development of an independent writing system,the organization of
collective construction and agricultural projects, trade with surrounding regions,
military intended to defeat foreign enemies and assert Egyptian dominance.
-ancient Egyptians’ achievements include quarrying, surveying and construction
techniques that facilitated the building of monumental pyramids, temples, and
obelisks; a system of mathematics, a practical and effective system of medicine,
the first known ships, the earliest known peace treaty and agricultural
advancements.
-land management; tax
-Had no coin system until 5th centuary BCE.

8. -Pharoah was at the top, he was deitified.
-Pharoah- Vizier (adminstrative stuff) Nomarchs (heads of the 42
provinces called nomes), scribes and officials, artisans farmers
then everyone else
-Staple diet was bread and beer supplemented with lots of vegetables.
-Family was very important.

9. -Men and women were viewd as equal except slaves.
-Ancient Egyptians believed a balanced relationship between people and
animals was essential.
-Ancient Egyptian placed great importance on hygene
and appearance.
-Music and Dance were popular for the affluent.
-Pharoah had a cult where he was worshiped from the start of his reign.
-Mummification

18. Metals used
Gold
Silver
Copper
Iron
Electrum*
*20% Silver/80% Gold
Egyptians used this as gold became spare, but it
reduced the high sheen of the gold

19. Lapis Lazuli
(Dark Blue)
Carnelian
(Red/Orange)
Turquoise
(Turquoise/teal mix
with brown veins)

20. "Egyptian blue" (irtiu, sbedj) “Green” (wadj)
•Symbolic of the sky and of water •New life.
•Heavens and of the primeval floods. •Osiris was often portrayed with green
•Meaning of life and re-birth. skin and was also referred to as "the
Great Green".
”Yellow” (khenet, kenit) •Color of new life and re-birth
•Both the sun and gold were yellow and
shared the qualities of being imperishable, “Red” (desher)
eternal and indestructible. •Life and of victory.
•The skin and bones of the gods were •During celebrations, ancient Egyptians would paint
believed to be made of gold. their bodies with red ochre and would wear amulets
made of cornelian,
“White ”(hedj and shesep) •Dipicted Seth
•Omnipotence and purity. •Red was commonly used to symbolize the fiery nature
•Simple and sacred things. of the radiant sun and serpent amulets representing the
•White was also the heraldic color of "Eye of Re" (the fiery, protective, and possibly
Upper Egypt. malevolent aspect of the sun) were made of red
stones.
“Black” (kem)
•Was a symbol of death and of
the night.
•Osiris, the king of the afterlife
was called "the black one.”

22. Eye of Ra/Horus
Cartouche Scarab
Flower of Life Falcon/Eagle
Ankh

23. Chasing and
Repousse
Cloisonné
Engraving of
metal/carving of
Stone
Granulation

26. Websites:
Books/Articles:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt
http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk/menu2.html
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_Egypt
http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/ancient/egyptians/
http://www.allaboutgemstones.com/jewelry_history_egyptian.h
tml
http://www.king-tut.org.uk/ancient-egyptians/egyptian-
jewelry.htm
http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/303500/jewelry/14
079/Egyptian?anchor=ref294920
http://www.buzzle.com/articles/egyptian-jewelry.html
http://www.eternalegypt.org/EternalEgyptWebsiteWeb/HomeS
ervlet?
ee_website_action_key=action.display.topic.details&language
_id=1&trait_item_id=10000195