Introducing the EFPIA Disclosure Code
The EFPIA Disclosure Code on Disclosure of Transfers of Value from Pharmaceutical Companies to Healthcare Professionals and Healthcare Organisations
Efpia disclosure-code---august-2013-edited-finalMarket iT
EFPIA CODE ON DISCLOSURE OF TRANSFERS OF VALUE FROM PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
TO HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS AND HEALTHCARE ORGANISATIONS
Adopted by the EFPIA Statutory General Assembly of 24 June 2013, and requiring implementation in national codes by 31 December 2013
This educational SlideShare will provide an overview of transparency, compliance, and anti-corruption requirements in the European Union. Insights into practices and strategies of pharmaceutical companies in EU countries for managing transparency and disclosure reporting will also be provided.
The EU MDR Deadline … Are We Really Ready?EMMAIntl
With the mounting tensions that the new EU MDR has put on medical device manufacturers, the ripple effects can be seen in every department at those medical device companies...
Efpia disclosure-code---august-2013-edited-finalMarket iT
EFPIA CODE ON DISCLOSURE OF TRANSFERS OF VALUE FROM PHARMACEUTICAL COMPANIES
TO HEALTHCARE PROFESSIONALS AND HEALTHCARE ORGANISATIONS
Adopted by the EFPIA Statutory General Assembly of 24 June 2013, and requiring implementation in national codes by 31 December 2013
This educational SlideShare will provide an overview of transparency, compliance, and anti-corruption requirements in the European Union. Insights into practices and strategies of pharmaceutical companies in EU countries for managing transparency and disclosure reporting will also be provided.
The EU MDR Deadline … Are We Really Ready?EMMAIntl
With the mounting tensions that the new EU MDR has put on medical device manufacturers, the ripple effects can be seen in every department at those medical device companies...
Market report on the opportunities in the Norwegian healthcare market, prepared for the Team Finland Digital Hospitals growth program by Fintra in partnership with Oslo Medtech.
Procurement: The Cornerstone of Market Access in EuropeMedTech Europe
An overview of how procurement practices impact market access pathways for medical technologies in Europe.
Presentation make by Yves Verboven on 17 February 2015 at the 2nd Annual Medical Device Commercial Leaders Forum.
The data and analytics of the new life sciences marketplace handoutFrank Wartenberg
Trends in the global healthcare market. Development of pharmaceuticals, market data and insights.
Presentation delivered at the 9th International Pharmaceutical Compliance Congress and Best Practices Forum, Brussels, 2015
Presentation by Erika Bozzay, SIGMA, at the SIGMA regional conference on public procurement which took place in Beirut on 2-3 June 2015. Also available in Arabic.
This presentation by the French Competition Authority was made during a workshop on “Recent Challenges in Competition and IP in Pharmaceutical Markets” held by the OECD in Paris on 26 February 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2tD
Articles du CSP modifiés par l’Ordonnance n° 2017-49 Market iT
Articles du CSP modifiés par l’Ordonnance n° 2017-49
relative aux avantages offerts par les personnes fabriquant ou commercialisant des produits ou des
prestations de santé
Décret 2017-89 du 26 janvier 2017 relatif à la transparence des avantages acc...Market iT
Décret 2017-89 du 26 janvier 2017 relatif à la transparence des avantages accordés par les entreprises produisant ou commercialisant des médicaments vétérinaires
Ordonnance n° 2017-49 du 19 janvier 2017 relative aux avantages offerts par l...Market iT
Ordonnance n° 2017-49 du 19 janvier 2017 relative aux avantages offerts par les personnes fabriquant ou commercialisant des produits ou des prestations de santé
Market report on the opportunities in the Norwegian healthcare market, prepared for the Team Finland Digital Hospitals growth program by Fintra in partnership with Oslo Medtech.
Procurement: The Cornerstone of Market Access in EuropeMedTech Europe
An overview of how procurement practices impact market access pathways for medical technologies in Europe.
Presentation make by Yves Verboven on 17 February 2015 at the 2nd Annual Medical Device Commercial Leaders Forum.
The data and analytics of the new life sciences marketplace handoutFrank Wartenberg
Trends in the global healthcare market. Development of pharmaceuticals, market data and insights.
Presentation delivered at the 9th International Pharmaceutical Compliance Congress and Best Practices Forum, Brussels, 2015
Presentation by Erika Bozzay, SIGMA, at the SIGMA regional conference on public procurement which took place in Beirut on 2-3 June 2015. Also available in Arabic.
This presentation by the French Competition Authority was made during a workshop on “Recent Challenges in Competition and IP in Pharmaceutical Markets” held by the OECD in Paris on 26 February 2019. More papers and presentations on the topic can be found out at oe.cd/2tD
Articles du CSP modifiés par l’Ordonnance n° 2017-49 Market iT
Articles du CSP modifiés par l’Ordonnance n° 2017-49
relative aux avantages offerts par les personnes fabriquant ou commercialisant des produits ou des
prestations de santé
Décret 2017-89 du 26 janvier 2017 relatif à la transparence des avantages acc...Market iT
Décret 2017-89 du 26 janvier 2017 relatif à la transparence des avantages accordés par les entreprises produisant ou commercialisant des médicaments vétérinaires
Ordonnance n° 2017-49 du 19 janvier 2017 relative aux avantages offerts par l...Market iT
Ordonnance n° 2017-49 du 19 janvier 2017 relative aux avantages offerts par les personnes fabriquant ou commercialisant des produits ou des prestations de santé
Sfee press release_disclosure_code_20141009_2Market iT
EFPIA Member Association SFEE (The Hellenic Association of Pharmaceutical Companies) last week introduced a new code of industry self-regulation, in line with the EFPIA Disclosure Code
The Philippines is a founding member of the Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation (APFC) which is an association of economies sharing the boundaries of the Pacific Ocean. The association serves as a forum for 21 Pacific Rim member countries that aims to promote free trade and economic cooperation in the region. One of APEC's goals is to sustain the growth and development of each member's economy and eventually, contribute likewise to the growth of world economy.
In the 2011, Ministerial meeting in Honolulu, the leaders held a high level Dialogue on Open Governance and Economic Growth. The meeting representatives recognized that transparency and open governance a critical elements of long-term economic competitiveness for sustainable economic growth and prosperity, especially targeting Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). Further, it was recognized then that SMEs can serve as catalysts of economic growth in an open and ethical business environment. In response to this, in 2010, the APEC SME Ministers called for the development of business codes of ethics in key sectors- biopharmaceutical. medical device and construction/engineering amongst its member countries. Thus, in 2011-2012. Business Codes of Ethics were developed for the key sectors which were unanimously endorsed in November 2011 by both APEC foreign and trade ministers. The Codes of Ethics intend
to considerably benefit APEC economies through the following: 1 ) provide a platform for effective industry self-regulation; 2) support government enforcement and anti-corruption efforts; 3) benefit resource-constrained SMEs by providing clarity and harmonization of rules and practices to allow competition at a reduced cost. Ultimately,
Thus, an Expert Working Group was convened in Kuala Lumpur in 2011 I. developed the APEC Principles for a Code of Ethics in the medical device sector.
In 2012. APEC ministers hailed the progress made in implementing the APEC Principles and declared their unstinting support for its adoption among its member economies and conducted an expanded implementation and compliance program with adequate funding I ) for capacity building. 2) to promote ethical business practices in interactions between government. business and other stakeholders. and 3) to fight corruption which imposes a significant market access harrier and high costs for SMEs.
MMLP3.2InstructionsIn LP01.1, LP02.1, and LP03.1 you were aske.docxraju957290
MMLP3.2Instructions
In LP01.1, LP02.1, and LP03.1 you were asked to prepare milestones for a business plan. An executive summary, while written last, is the first part of a business plan. This document is what the executives will read to determine if the business plan has merit and may determine whether or not they will read the entire business plan. The executive summary covers all the key points of the business plan and should be 650-1,000 words. Must use 3 scholarly sources and cite APA.
Here are some helpful sources that discuss what to include in your Executive Summary:
· Chron
· SBA
REFERENCE ONLY: Below is the LP1.1 information
Description of the Business
Wickham Hospital is a rural hospital that provides quality healthcare services to the local community. Our mission is to engage in the promotion of healthier lives by providing quality healthcare services. This is to be executed in a fiscally responsible way that promotes the social, physical, spiritual and psychological wellbeing of the community and patients it serves. Further, the hospital aims at serving all members of the community regardless of their gender, religion, race or age.
Among the services provided by the hospital include outpatient and inpatient services, emergency services, primary care, skilled nursing care, center for rehabilitation medicine, a lung cancer center and surgical services. Our main competitors are some hospitals established within the same community. Among these are Greenview Hospital, Jordan Memorial Hospital and Sloan Hospital. These hospitals offer outpatient and inpatient services as well as other services such as primary stroke services, rehabilitation for pediatric polio patients.
Recommendations to Stand out of the Competition
To stay on top of the competition, Wickham Hospital needs to invest and adapt to the most recent technology to ensure efficient delivery of quality medical services. Further, all healthcare personnel needs to undergo further training through platforms such as seminars and online educational forums. This will promote safe and efficient delivery of services to patients as they promote the quality of life within the community. Besides this, management needs to be keener with the appropriate allocation and deployment of resources to ensure that all areas are sufficiently covered (Enthoven, 2014).
How to Accommodate a Global Business Environment
The hospital currently serves the adjacent community and a few consumers from the outskirts. To broaden into the global business environment, a few strides should be taken. For instance, a website should be created describing the business and services offered. This way, international consumers will seek the business even when they come visiting within the local community. Further, the organization could seek for international investors whose partnership or involvement would attract international healthcare consumers towards the organization (Lunt & Mannion, 2014). The business ...
Healthcare issues are among the thorniest problems plaguing the world today. Constant technological medical marvels amount to ever-increasing costs. Debate abounds around who should be afforded healthcare and what limitations should apply to whom. Those with the means can’t always access quality care. The current reality is patients are paying too much, waiting too long, and foregoing the basic human right of a healthy quality of life.
Healthsapiens’ vision is the democratization of healthcare: creating freedom for patients to choose despite boundaries, and staying true to health and wellness principles for all. We are here to stay true to the ideals of healthcare through global collaboration and the progression of humankind, one patient at a time.
Healthcare, from Products to Solutions Exploring some of the latest initiativ...Alix Aubert
with high-level healthcare executives. Today, through Life Science Talks, we have decided to make some of this information available
to the professional community at large, provided it is non-confidential, of public interest, and likely to spark interesting partnerships in
the future.
This white paper therefore condenses data drawn from a number of informative meetings with decision makers in the European
healthcare sector during 2013 and 2014. More specifically, it is the result of an edition of Life science Talks dedicated to this subject
and held in Paris, in May 2014.
The discussions at this event were admirably moderated by Silvia Ondategui Parra, partner at EY, and were punctuated by keynotes
from leading stakeholders in European healthcare: Emmanuel Gomez, CNAM-TS, Head of Disease Management Programmes; Dr Rick
Greville, ABPI, Director of Wales and International Affairs; Thierry Zylberberg, Orange, Head of Orange Healthcare; Miguel Bernabeu,
Alcon (Novartis), Global Head of Market Access, Pricing and HEOR; Yvoine McCourt, Air Liquide, Head of Home Healthcare
International Development; Olivier Croly, GE Healthcare IT, GM Europe. Again, we thank them for sharing their views, their concerns,
and for outlining their projects in Europe within our forum.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
Title: Sense of Taste
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the structure and function of taste buds.
Describe the relationship between the taste threshold and taste index of common substances.
Explain the chemical basis and signal transduction of taste perception for each type of primary taste sensation.
Recognize different abnormalities of taste perception and their causes.
Key Topics:
Significance of Taste Sensation:
Differentiation between pleasant and harmful food
Influence on behavior
Selection of food based on metabolic needs
Receptors of Taste:
Taste buds on the tongue
Influence of sense of smell, texture of food, and pain stimulation (e.g., by pepper)
Primary and Secondary Taste Sensations:
Primary taste sensations: Sweet, Sour, Salty, Bitter, Umami
Chemical basis and signal transduction mechanisms for each taste
Taste Threshold and Index:
Taste threshold values for Sweet (sucrose), Salty (NaCl), Sour (HCl), and Bitter (Quinine)
Taste index relationship: Inversely proportional to taste threshold
Taste Blindness:
Inability to taste certain substances, particularly thiourea compounds
Example: Phenylthiocarbamide
Structure and Function of Taste Buds:
Composition: Epithelial cells, Sustentacular/Supporting cells, Taste cells, Basal cells
Features: Taste pores, Taste hairs/microvilli, and Taste nerve fibers
Location of Taste Buds:
Found in papillae of the tongue (Fungiform, Circumvallate, Foliate)
Also present on the palate, tonsillar pillars, epiglottis, and proximal esophagus
Mechanism of Taste Stimulation:
Interaction of taste substances with receptors on microvilli
Signal transduction pathways for Umami, Sweet, Bitter, Sour, and Salty tastes
Taste Sensitivity and Adaptation:
Decrease in sensitivity with age
Rapid adaptation of taste sensation
Role of Saliva in Taste:
Dissolution of tastants to reach receptors
Washing away the stimulus
Taste Preferences and Aversions:
Mechanisms behind taste preference and aversion
Influence of receptors and neural pathways
Impact of Sensory Nerve Damage:
Degeneration of taste buds if the sensory nerve fiber is cut
Abnormalities of Taste Detection:
Conditions: Ageusia, Hypogeusia, Dysgeusia (parageusia)
Causes: Nerve damage, neurological disorders, infections, poor oral hygiene, adverse drug effects, deficiencies, aging, tobacco use, altered neurotransmitter levels
Neurotransmitters and Taste Threshold:
Effects of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE) on taste sensitivity
Supertasters:
25% of the population with heightened sensitivity to taste, especially bitterness
Increased number of fungiform papillae
Basavarajeeyam is an important text for ayurvedic physician belonging to andhra pradehs. It is a popular compendium in various parts of our country as well as in andhra pradesh. The content of the text was presented in sanskrit and telugu language (Bilingual). One of the most famous book in ayurvedic pharmaceutics and therapeutics. This book contains 25 chapters called as prakaranas. Many rasaoushadis were explained, pioneer of dhatu druti, nadi pareeksha, mutra pareeksha etc. Belongs to the period of 15-16 century. New diseases like upadamsha, phiranga rogas are explained.
Tom Selleck Health: A Comprehensive Look at the Iconic Actor’s Wellness Journeygreendigital
Tom Selleck, an enduring figure in Hollywood. has captivated audiences for decades with his rugged charm, iconic moustache. and memorable roles in television and film. From his breakout role as Thomas Magnum in Magnum P.I. to his current portrayal of Frank Reagan in Blue Bloods. Selleck's career has spanned over 50 years. But beyond his professional achievements. fans have often been curious about Tom Selleck Health. especially as he has aged in the public eye.
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Introduction
Many have been interested in Tom Selleck health. not only because of his enduring presence on screen but also because of the challenges. and lifestyle choices he has faced and made over the years. This article delves into the various aspects of Tom Selleck health. exploring his fitness regimen, diet, mental health. and the challenges he has encountered as he ages. We'll look at how he maintains his well-being. the health issues he has faced, and his approach to ageing .
Early Life and Career
Childhood and Athletic Beginnings
Tom Selleck was born on January 29, 1945, in Detroit, Michigan, and grew up in Sherman Oaks, California. From an early age, he was involved in sports, particularly basketball. which played a significant role in his physical development. His athletic pursuits continued into college. where he attended the University of Southern California (USC) on a basketball scholarship. This early involvement in sports laid a strong foundation for his physical health and disciplined lifestyle.
Transition to Acting
Selleck's transition from an athlete to an actor came with its physical demands. His first significant role in "Magnum P.I." required him to perform various stunts and maintain a fit appearance. This role, which he played from 1980 to 1988. necessitated a rigorous fitness routine to meet the show's demands. setting the stage for his long-term commitment to health and wellness.
Fitness Regimen
Workout Routine
Tom Selleck health and fitness regimen has evolved. adapting to his changing roles and age. During his "Magnum, P.I." days. Selleck's workouts were intense and focused on building and maintaining muscle mass. His routine included weightlifting, cardiovascular exercises. and specific training for the stunts he performed on the show.
Selleck adjusted his fitness routine as he aged to suit his body's needs. Today, his workouts focus on maintaining flexibility, strength, and cardiovascular health. He incorporates low-impact exercises such as swimming, walking, and light weightlifting. This balanced approach helps him stay fit without putting undue strain on his joints and muscles.
Importance of Flexibility and Mobility
In recent years, Selleck has emphasized the importance of flexibility and mobility in his fitness regimen. Understanding the natural decline in muscle mass and joint flexibility with age. he includes stretching and yoga in his routine. These practices help prevent injuries, improve posture, and maintain mobilit
micro teaching on communication m.sc nursing.pdfAnurag Sharma
Microteaching is a unique model of practice teaching. It is a viable instrument for the. desired change in the teaching behavior or the behavior potential which, in specified types of real. classroom situations, tends to facilitate the achievement of specified types of objectives.
Ozempic: Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Saeid Safari
Preoperative Management of Patients on GLP-1 Receptor Agonists like Ozempic and Semiglutide
ASA GUIDELINE
NYSORA Guideline
2 Case Reports of Gastric Ultrasound
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,sisternakatoto
263778731218 Abortion Clinic /Pills In Harare ,ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group ABORTION WOMEN’S CLINIC +27730423979 IN women clinic we believe that every woman should be able to make choices in her pregnancy. Our job is to provide compassionate care, safety,affordable and confidential services. That’s why we have won the trust from all generations of women all over the world. we use non surgical method(Abortion pills) to terminate…Dr.LISA +27730423979women Clinic is committed to providing the highest quality of obstetrical and gynecological care to women of all ages. Our dedicated staff aim to treat each patient and her health concerns with compassion and respect.Our dedicated group of receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a teamof receptionists, nurses, and physicians have worked together as a team wwww.lisywomensclinic.co.za/
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
1. WHAT IS THE EFPIA DISCLOSURE CODE?
The EFPIA Disclosure Code is a formal code of conduct that requires all EFPIA
member companies and companies which are members of EFPIA member
associations to disclose transfers of value to healthcare professionals (HCPs) and
healthcare organisations (HCOs). Under the Code, EFPIA member companies
will have to disclose the names of healthcare professionals and organisations
that have received payments or other transfers of value from them. They will
also have to disclose – by HCP or HCO – the total amounts of value transferred,
by type of transfer or value which could consist of, for instance, a grant to an
HCO, a consultancy fee for speaking, payment for travel, or registration fees
to attend a medical education congress. This information will be published on
a public platform, which could be on the company’s own website or a central
platform combing data from different companies.
WHY WAS THE CODE CREATED?
Collaborative working between healthcare professionals and commercial life
sciences organisations has long been a positive driver for advancements in-
patient care and progression of innovative medicine. Both parties regularly join
together, during early scientific research, clinical trials and medical education in
the interests of delivering and advancing high quality patient care.
What’s more, as the primary point of contact with patients, the medical
profession can offer invaluable and expert knowledge on patients’ behaviour
and management of diseases. This plays a big part in informing the
pharmaceutical industry’s efforts to improve patient care and treatment options
– and is essential in improving health outcomes.
A healthy working relationship between the pharmaceutical industry and
HCPs/HCOs is in the best interest of patients. The EFPIA Disclosure Code was
created to protect the integrity of these relationships, and represents a step
towards fostering greater transparency and building greater trust between the
pharmaceutical industry, the medical community and society across Europe.
WHO HAS AGREED TO THE DISCLOSURE CODE?
On June 24, 2013, the EFPIA General Assembly formally adopted the EFPIA
Disclosure Code. In adopting the Code, EFPIA member companies are
required to implement it by 2016, at which point they will make publicly
available payments and transfers of value made to healthcare professionals
and organisations from the previous year, 2015. In autumn of 2013, EFPIA
published letters signed by all CEOs of its member companies, renewing
their commitment to the EFPIA Codes, including the Disclosure Code.
WHERE CAN I FIND MORE INFORMATION?
EFPIA’s transparency website (http://transparency.efpia.eu/) is a good place to
start. It includes information on all of EFPIA’s initiatives that are moving the
industry towards greater openness, including the Disclosure Code.
EFPIA | Leopold Plaza Building | Rue du Trône 108 | B-1050 Bruxelles
2013-codes-review@efpia.eu | www.efpia.eu (Spring 2014)
Introducing the EFPIA Disclosure Code
The EFPIA Disclosure Code on Disclosure of Transfers of Value from Pharmaceutical Companies to Healthcare Professionals and Healthcare Organisations
EFPIA believes that interactions between the pharmaceutical industry
and healthcare professionals have a profound and positive influence
on the quality of patient treatment and the value of future research.
At the same time, the integrity of the decision of a healthcare
professional to prescribe or recommend a medicine is one of the pillars
of the healthcare system. EFPIA recognises that interactions between
the industry and healthcare professionals can create the potential for
conflicts of interest. In recent years, there have been calls for increased
transparency around these relationships. Towards this end, EFPIA and
its member associations and companies have adopted codes and
guidelines to ensure that these interactions meet the high standards
of integrity that patients, governments and other stakeholders expect.