Audio visual aids in classroom

1. Supporting Aids
for Teaching and
Communication
By
MUJEEB RAHIMAN KATTALI
Asst.Prof.In General Education
College of Education Lakshadweep,
Kavaratti Island,U T of Lakshadweep.

3. Concept of Teaching aids
and their Scope
 Audio-visual aids, audio-visual material, audio-
visual media, communication technology,
educational or instructional media and learning
resources are comes in the heads of teaching aids.
 These aids can be help for effective utilisation of
teaching learning process.
 Simply teaching aids is all such materials,
instruments and resources that help a teacher in a
good communication, healthy classroom
interaction and effective realisation of his teaching
objectives in the field of teaching learning.

4.  The history of the use of audio-visual aids, a Dutch
humanist, theologian and writer Desiderious
Erasmus(1466-1536) discouraged memorisation as a
technique of learning and advocated that children should
learn through the aid of pictures or other visuals.
 There is an old saying:
What I hear I forget
What I see I remember
What I do I understand
 Research done by Cobun (1968)indicated that, generally
we learn:
1% through Taste 1.5% through Touch
3.5% through Smell 11% through Hearing
83% through Sight

5. 20% of what we Hear
30% of what we See
50% of what we See& Hear
80% of what we Say
90% of what we Say & Do

6. 1. Use of maximum senses
2. Based on maxims of teaching
3. Helpful in the process of attention
4. A good motivating force
5. Reduce verbalism
6. A good substitute for direct experiences
7. Provide adequate impression or images

7. 8. Clarity of the subject matter
9. Save time and energy
10. Meet the individual differences requirements
11. Encouraging healthy classroom interaction
12. Solve the problem of indiscipline
13. Help in meeting inadequacies or shortage of
resources
14. Help in the development of scientific attitude
15. Help in the development of higher faculties
16. Provide reinforcement to the learner
17. Help in positive transfer to the learning and
training

8.  The use of audio-visual aids is meant for providing effective
experiences->Learning experiences can be at 3 levels,
namely, Direct, Vicarious and Symbolic.
 An experience can be obtained through direct sensory
contact with real objects i.e. Direct experiences e.g. doing an
experiment, visiting a factory, etc.
 But in the case of Vicarious experiences, whenever direct
experience is either impossible or undesirable due to
hazards we represent the real situation in the form of
models, pictures, charts, films, etc.
 In the case of Symbolic experience are offered through
verbal symbols-oral or written.


10.  Edgar Dale has classified and arranged audio-visual
experiences in the form of a Pinnacle which he called
the ‘Cone of Experience’.
 The cone of experience is a visual aid that explains the
inter-relationship of the various types of experiences
provided by the different audio-visual aids as well as
their hierarchical placement in the learning process.
Dale considered the most effective at the bottom and
least effective at the top of the cone.

11. Diagrammatic representation
of Dale’s Cone of Experience

12. Classification of Teaching aids
Teaching aids can be classified in to:-
Projected aids
Non-Projected aids
A
ctivity
aids

13. CLASSIFICATION OF A.V AIDS
PROJECTED
AIDS
NON-PROJECTED AIDS ACTIVITY
AIDSGraphic Aids Display
Boards
3-D Aids Audio Aids
1.Films and
Film Projector
2.Film strips
and Filmstrip
Projector
3.Slides and
Slide Projector
4.Episcope and
Epidiascope
5.Over head
Projector
6. Television
7.LCD Projector
1.Graphs
2. Diagrams
3. Posters
4. Maps
5. Cartoons
6. Comics
7. Flash Cards
8. Pictures
and
Photographs
9. Charts
10. Time line
1.Black Board
2. Roll-up chalk
Board
3. Peg Board
4. Hook &loop
Board
5. Flannel
Board
6. Magnetic
Board
7. Plastigraph
board
8. Bulletin
Board
9. Marker
Board
1.Models
2. Objects
3. Specimen
4. Moke –ups
5. Diorama
6. Puppets
7. Globe
1.Radio
2. Tape
Recorder
3. Public
Address
System
1.Field trips and
Excursions
2. Exhibition
3.Demonstration
4.Dramatisation
5.Museum
6. Planetarium
7. Aquarium
8.Terrarium
9. Vivarium
10. Teaching
machine
11.Programmed
Learning
12.CAI

14. FILM STRIPS &FILM STRIP PROJECTORSLIDES&SLIDE PROJECTOREPIDIASCOPE OHPLCD PROJECTOR
GRAPH
DIAGRAM
P
O
S
T
E
R
MAP
CARTOON
C
O
M
I
C
S
FLASH CARD
PICTURE&PHOTOGRAPH
C
H
A
R
T
TIME LINEROLL-UP CHALK BOARD
P
E
G
B
O
A
R
D
HOOK&LOOP BOARD
MAGNETIC BOARDBULLETTIN BOARDSPECIMENDIORAMA
PUPPETS
RADIO
TAPE RECORDER
PUBLIC ADDRESS SYSTEM
FIELD TRIPS &EXCURSIONEXHIBITION
DEMONSTRATION
DRAMATISATION
MUSEUM
PLANETARIUM
AQUARIUM
T
E
R
R
A
R
I
U
M
VIVARIUM
CAI

15. PROJECTED AIDS
OVER HEAD PROJECTOR (OHP)
It projects the image behind and over the head of the teacher.
In overhead projection a transparent visual is placed on a
horizontal platform at the top of the light source.
The written matter or the content will then get projected on the
screen.
MERITS
1.It can operate easily in an illuminated room. Therefore there is no
need of darkening the room.
2.In this projector , the image is projected over the shoulder of the
teacher, therefore, he may face the class at all time.
3.There is no difficulty in changing the transparent sheet because
the OHP sheets are placed on the top of the glass platform.

16. LIQUID CRYSTAL DISPLAY
(LCD)
 LCD is a flat panel display, electronic visual display, or video
display that uses the light modulating properties of liquid crystals.
 This is the most advanced and sophisticated projecting aid.
 It is used to present a topic in the classroom or in front of a large
audience.
MERITS
1. Helpful in illustrating and providing visual experiences in teaching
any subjects.
2. Help to view for a large number of audience by magnifying the
image.
3. Make the class environment more lively.
4. Helpful in reviewing, there by helps the learner to recollect the
subject.

17. DLP is a display device based on micro- electro-mechanical
technology that uses a digital micro mirror device.
It was originally developed in 1987 by Dr.Larry Hombeck
of Texas instrument.
MERITS
1.Best motivators 6. To give freedom to student.
2.Fundamental to verbal instructions. 7.Opportunities to handle and
3.Provide clear images. manipulate.
4.Provide vicarious experience
5.Using variety of tool
DIGITAL LIGHT PROCESSING (DLP)

18. 1. Help to learn more and remember for long.
2. Give reality and vividness to learning
situations.
3. Motivate the learner.
4. Give clarity to learning.
5. Make the abstract to concrete.
6. Reduce verbalism.
7. Provide variety in methods of teaching and
learning.

19. 8. Make learning interesting ,meaningful
and permanent.
9. Develop deeper understanding.
10.Arouse curiosity and stimulate self
activity.

20. USES OF ACTIVITY AIDS
Stewardship
Reaches adults through children
Develops skills in interpreters
Learning with peers
Emphasizes the unique nature of the site
Makes the learner an instrumental part of the
community
Active learning
Reinforces classroom material
Provide a special experiences

21. MERITS OF ACTIVITY AIDS
Teacher gets the help in guiding and directing in
desired direction.
Students can get information of complex or dangerous
activities through the various aids.
This aids plays an important role in getting the student’s
involvement in learning process.
Most of the activity aids provide direct experiences
to the learner.
This aids can promote relevant and useful discussion in
the class.
Through this aids various scientific facts and concepts
can be best illustrated in front of large number of students.

22.  It helps in involving various senses to
make learning permanent.