This document discusses various editing techniques used in filmmaking. It defines continuity as uninterrupted flow between cuts, with D.W. Griffith cited as the first to break continuity. Montage is described as assembling shots to convey meaning greater than their individual parts, with Kuleshov using it to show emotion through juxtaposition. The editing pace, cuts such as jump cuts and cross cuts, reaction shots, and the 180 degree rule are also overviewed.

1. Editing
Becca, Matt, Tom, Sol

2. Continuity
Continuity refers to the quality of something which doesn’t change as time
passes. This means that editing must run smoothly from start to finish, so cuts
must flow between one another. The first person to break continuity was D.W
Griffith, who in one shot showed a women who was missing her husband, but
in the next showed her husband who was thousand of miles away. The brain
knows these two cuts were connected because they were shown one after the
other.

3. Montage
Montage means to assemble, referring to the fact that the meaning of two
shots out together is greater than the sum of its parts. It was first used by
a Russian called Kuleshov who made an abstract film that uses edits to
convey a mans emotions rather than using his performance. It is through
juxtaposition that Kuleshov does this.

4. Editing pace
The editing pace is the speed and tempo of the cuts, a slow
tempo can suggest emotion, whereas fast tempo suggests
tension. This is the first, most obvious thing to look for as it
gives an insights into the tempo and feel of the sequence.

5. Cuts
The cut is the action of cutting footage down.
A jump-cut is an abrupt switch from one scene to another, used to make a
dramatic point, or mark a period of time passing.
A cross-cut is a cut from one narrative or line of action to another, this is
mostly used in films to establish action occurring at the same time in
different location .
Match on action is when the editor cuts from one shot to another view
which matches the first shots action , giving the impression of continuous
time.

6. Cuts
A reaction shot is any shot in which an actor reacts to action/events, this is often
used to guide the audience’s reaction to a scene. An example of this would be if a
character is given some bad news and the camera would cut to their face and
show their reaction.
This is a form of a cutaway, which is when the shot ‘cuts away’ to another
character or piece of action.
Matched/graphic cut is a cut between two objects, people or spaces that look
similar to enforce a connection between them.

7. 180 degree rule
If an action sequence is being filmed, the camera in each shot should
ideally be in the same 180 space for the entirety of the sequence. This
helps to create the audiences perception of a film.