Information architecture is the structural design of shared information environments like websites and intranets to support usability and findability. It typically involves modeling information and applying it to activities that require explicit details of complex information systems, such as library systems and database development. Some key aspects of information architecture for a SharePoint site include site topology, naming conventions, content types, managed metadata, lists and libraries, page layouts, content organization, permissions, and search. Site design and content types can be defined using JSON site scripts to automate configuration.