The document summarizes Spain's economic sectors and jobs. It describes how the population is divided into active and inactive groups. It then outlines the three main economic sectors - primary (agriculture, fishing, mining), secondary (industry, construction) and tertiary (services) - and describes some of the key industries and jobs in each sector. The tertiary sector employs the most people in Spain at 65% of the population.

1. ECONOMIC
SECTORS
UNIT
11

2. Population and Jobs
•
Population can be divided into to groups related to work:
•
Active population: people who are of legal working age (16 to 67
) healthy and able to work.
•
Employed: They are working and earn money in exchange.
Unemployed: They are looking for work.
•
Inactive population: people who are not of legal working age
(children and retired people) and people who do not receive a
salary (students...)

3. PRIMARY SECTOR
•
In Spain, 5% people work in the Primar y
Sector. The most important activities are:
•
Agriculture: The most abundant dry crops
(cultivos de secano) are olives, cereals and
grapes in Castile-La Mancha, Castile-Leon
and Andalusia. The most abundant irrigated
crops (cultivos de regadío) are fruits and
vegetables in Andalusia, Community of
Valencia and Murcia.
•
Livestock far ming: The most abundant in
Spain are pigs (Catalonia and Aragon), the
second most abundant are
cattle(Extremadura, Castile-Leon and CastileLa Mancha).Poultry farming (aves de corral) is
abundant throughout the whole of Spain.

4. •
Fishing: Most fishing in Spain is coastal or inshore ( pesca de
litoral o costera). The Communities with more fishermen are
Galicia and Andalusia.
•
Mining: The mining industry has lost much of its active
population. Spanish quarries (canteras) still employ many
workers.

5. SECONDARY
SECTOR
•
In Spain, 30% people work in the Secondary Sector. This
sector includes industry and construction.
•
INDUSTRY: The three most important types are:
•
1. Primary industries transform raw materials into other
materials. These products are then used by other industries. The
most important industries are the metallurgical and chemical
industries (Basque Country, Catalonia, Madrid and Andalusia).
•
2. Equipement and machinery industries produce tools
and machinery which other industries need: Machines, cars,
ships and electrical supplies (Catalonia, Madrid and Valencia).
•
3. Consumer industries manufacture products to sell directly
to consumers. Food, textiles, furniture and grafic Arts are the
most important.

6. •
Construction industr y, makes houses, buildings and public
works ( bridged and motorways).
•
10% people worked in the construction industry in Spain.
Nowadays this Number has declined.

7. TERTIARY SECTOR
•
It's also called the service sector.
•
This sector doesn't provide us with material goods. It includes
activities which provide services such as educational, health,
financial, trade, transport... We can mainly find It in cities.
•
In Spain, 65% people work in the tertiary sector. This is more
than any other sector because It makes most money ( It is very
important for the Spanish economy).

8. TRADE
•
Trade is buying and selling of products which come
from the Primary sector. There are two types of trade:
•
1. Domestic trade is commerce within a country.
Products are made and sold in the same country.
•
2. Foreign trade is commerce with other countries.
Products are bought from and sold to other countries.
•
Expor ts are products which are sold to other
countries.
•
Impor ts are products bought from other countries.

9. TRANSPORT
•
There are three main types of transport :
•
Land transport, products are transported in lorries along
motorways or on trains by railways. Most of Spain is
connected by a network of main roads and motorways.
•
Sea transport, ships leave from and arrive at Spain's
seaports. Merchandise is transported on large cargo ships
( the busiest ports are in Algeciras, Barcelona, Bilbao and
Valencia).
•
Air transport, products are transported in aeroplanes that
take off from and land at airports ( Madrid-Barajas is the
busiest AirPort).

10. TOURISM
•
Tourism is travel to other places for the purpose of relaxation or fun. 10%
people work in Tourism in Spain.
•
Spain is the third most popular country for tourists after France and U.S.A.
•
Sun and Sand tourism is the most popular type of tourism in Spain ( the
Balearic Islands, Mediterranean coast and the Canary Islands).
•
•
Rural tourism is popular in Spain's mountain and coastal areas.
Cultural tourism is popular in cities with rich cultural and historical
heritage ( Madrid, Toledo, Segovia, Barcelona and Seville).