Proyecto NORTE/SUR

1. PROYECTO 2:
NORTE/SUR
From October, the 16th to December, the 4th.

2. Population
Unit 1 of the class book

3. What’s demography?
Demography It is the study of population.
Population It is the total number of people that live in an area.
The population of the world is more than 7 billion people.

4. Why does population change?
Population changes
because people are born
or die. The average
number of children per
family is called the fertility
rate.
Population also
changes because
people move around.
This is called
migration.

5. line graphs pyramid graphs
We can represent population using …
pie charts bar charts

6. How do we represent population?
We can represent population using graphs and charts.
a) is a pie chart;
b) b) is a pyramid graph;
c) c) is a line graph and
d) d) is a bar chart.

7. What information do pyramid graphs give us?
Pyramid graphs give us information about population growth. They
also give us information about age and gender distribution.

8. gender ethnicity
Population groups include …
religion age

9. We can divide the population of a country into groups according to various
factors, such as gender or age.
What population groups are there?
People that have a common language and culture form an ethnic group. This
means that we can divide populations into ethnic groups, such as Chinese,
Indian and Native American. We can also divide population into groups
according to religion.

10. What’s the population of Spain like?
Spain’s population density is 91
per km2. In some areas, such as
cities, there are many more
people living in each square
kilometre. In rural areas, there
are a lot fewer.
Spain’s population has increased
during the past century.
Population growth was especially
high from 2000 to 2011. In 2012
the population began to decrease.

11. There are 28 countries in the EU. As a result, the EU’s population contains
many different ethnic groups, and 7% of the EU’s population are immigrants.
The EU’s population is 52% female and 48% male.
What’s the population of Europe like?
The population density of the EU is 114 per km2. There are big differences
between the population densities of EU countries.

12. The three economic sectors
Units 2 and 3 of the class book

13. What’s the economy?
Economy It is a system. It involves transforming products from nature into
manufactured products, and buying and selling products or services.
Raw materials are products that we get from nature.

14. the primary
sector
the
secondary
sector
The sectors of the economy
the tertiary
sector

15. What are the three sectors of the economy?
The primary sector: raw
materials are extracted
from nature.
Agriculture, forestry,
mining and fishing are
primary sector
activities.
The secondary sector: raw
materials are processed or
used to manufacture new
products. These products
are manufactured in
factories and workshops.
The tertiary sector:
activities that provide a
service make up the
tertiary sector.

16. THE PRIMARY SECTOR
agriculture fishing
Activities in the primary sector
forestry mining
livestock
farming
Dry
farming
Irrigated
farming
Extensive Intensive
Deep-
sea
Coastal

17. What’s agriculture?
Agriculture is the cultivation of crops and the raising of livestock.
Crops and livestock both come from nature, so agriculture belongs to the
primary sector.

18. Read page 24 and complete
dry farming irrigated farming
The two types of arable farming are…

19. Arable farming
Arable farming produces crops for food and other products.
There are two types of arable farming: dry farming and irrigated farming.

20. extensive
farming
intensive
farming
The two types of livestock farming are…
Read page 25 and complete

21. Livestock farming
Livestock farming is the raising of animals for food and non-food products.
There are two types of livestock farming: extensive and intensive.

22. Read page 26 and complete.
Fishing
Mining Forestry
Other primary sector activities

23. What other primary sector activities are there?
Fishing: there are two
main types of fishing:
coastal and deep-sea.
Mining: mining is the
extraction of rocks and
minerals from the
ground.
Forestry: forestry is the
use of forests to obtain
plant products, such as
wood, cork, cellulose
and resin.

24. Read page 28 and complete:
intermediate
products
consumer
products
Secondary sector industries produce…

25. THE SECONDARY SECTOR:
What does the secondary sector produce?
Intermediate products: some
industries produce intermediate
products. These are products that are
used by other industries. For example,
steel is an intermediate product.
Consumer products: some
industries make products that
are sold directly to consumers.

26. health
care
The tertiary sector
is divided into different áreas: page 36
education
sector
public
safety
administration
cultural professions:
writers, musicians,
sportman/sportwoman
judicial
system
skilled jobs:
mechanics,
electricians
transportation
tourism
retail
Information
Technology

27. What’s the tertiary sector?
The tertiary sector consists of activities that provide a service, such as
selling consumer products.
We use many services such as transport, communications, health care and
education. We consume products such as food, clothes and toys.
Everyone who uses a service or buys consumer products is a consumer.

28. How’s the tertiary sector divided?
Doctors, nurses and
dentists all work in the
health sector. Teachers
work in the education
sector.
There are people
who work in public
safety, such as
police officers.
Some people work in
skilled jobs, such as
mechanics and
electricians.

29. How’s the tertiary sector divided?
Some people do
administrative work,
such as secretaries,
bank clerks and civil
servants.
There are people who
work in the judicial
system, such as lawyers,
prosecutors and judges
Some people work
in cultural
professions, such
as writers,
musicians, actors,
painters and
sculptors

30. Organise the jobs and activities your family members do.
Use the woksheet and a dictionary!
healthcare
educationsector
publicsafety
administration
transportation
cultural
professions:
Information
Technology
judicialsystem
tourism
retail
skilledjobs:

31. TEAMWORK
Let’s think….
Which sector is the most
important in Spain?
In Spain, more people work in the ………….. sector than in the ………….. and
………………. sectors combined.

32. Which sector is the most important in Spain?
In Spain, more people work in the tertiary sector than in the primary and
secondary sectors combined.

33. Read page 38 and complete
water
transport
air
transport
There are several types of transport…
rail
transport
road
transport

34. What types of transport are there?
Air transport:
planes are used to
transport
passengers and
products over long
distances.
Water transport:
cruise ships carry
thousands of
passengers on
holiday tours.
Cargo ships
transport heavy
products over
long distances.
Road transport:
land vehicles,
such as cars,
buses and lorries,
travel on roads.
Rail transport:
passengers and
products can be
transported by
rail.

35. Read page 39 and answer:
What types of tourism industry are?
1…..
2…..
3…..
4…..
5.?

36. What’s the tourism industry like?
There are many different types of tourism, such as beach tourism, cultural
tourism, rural tourism and adventure tourism. Spain is one of the most
popular tourist destinations in the world.

37. Read page 40 and complete
hypermarkets
speciality
shops
Types of retail businesses
supermarkets and
department stores

38. What’s retail?
Retail is the selling of products to consumers.
Very large supermarkets
are called hypermarkets.
Hypermarkets sell food
and many other
products, such as
clothes, furniture and
electronics.
Supermarkets and
department stores are
large businesses that
sell a variety of diff rent
products.
Speciality shops are
smaller businesses that
offer only one type of
product or service, for
example, camera shops
and opticians.

39. Experts groups

40. TEAMWORK
What is responsible consumption?
Read pages 43 and 45 and answer
We can be responsible consumers if…. (complete)
To trade in a responsable way, the EU encourages countries
about the following measures:
• … (complete)
• …
• …

41. EU member countries have many economic links that make it easier for
countries to trade with other member countries. In recent years, transport
links have improved in the EU. It’s easy for EU companies to do business
with each other because their offices are open at the same or similar times.
Why’s the tertiary sector important in the EU?

42. PUBLICITY
Read page 42
How are products advertised?
There are many ways to advertise products and services. The most
common ones are on television, on the Internet and in newspapers and
magazines.

43. Money and bussiness
Unit 4 of the class book

44. Money is any object of value that can be exchanged for a product or service.
Nowadays we use coins and paper notes. In the past, many things have
been used as money, such as ……, sacks of ………, ………. or beads.

45. Read page 52 and complete
using money
boxes
investing
money
We can save money by…
using savings
accounts

46. How can we save money? Page 52
Money box: it is a box or
container where people
save money.
Savings account: we put
money into the account,
and the bank pays
interest on it.
Investing money: when
you invest, you buy
something with the
objective of selling it
later for more money.

47. How can we spend money? Page 53
We can use cash, and we can also use debit cards and credit cards.

48. Copy the outline. Read page 54 and …
higher order
goods
lower order
goods
We can spend money on…

49. Fill in the gaps using information from page 54
We spend money on like cars and houses. We don’
We spend money on such as food, drinks and
medicines. We buy these every week.
high order products
low order products

50. Where can we spend money?
town centres the Internet
We can spend money in…
shopping centres

51. What’s a budget? What types of budgets are there?
A budget is the amount of money that we have to spend. Budgets help
us control how much we spend.
Household budgets: many
people use budgets for
their shopping.
Business budgets: many
businesses use budgets
to plan how much they
will spend on raw
materials and products.

52. Let’s analise our budgets….
To make a budget….
First make a list of the products we need.
Then calculate the total amount of money we can spend.
Next make a shopping plan/ find information about products and prices/
compare products in different shops.
Finally buy the products.

53. sole traders corporations
There are different types of
companies
partnerships cooperatives

54. What types of companies are there?
In a partnership,
two or more
people own and
direct a company
together.
A corporation is
owned by the
people who
have shares in
the company.
A sole trader
owns and directs
his or her own
company.
In a cooperative,
all the people
working in the
company own it
together.

55. An organisational chart shows how a company is organised.
It shows who works for the company and what their responsibilities are.
What’s an organisational chart?