Eclectic Education

2. XI. ECLECTICTENDENCY
IN EDUCATION
ANALIZATUPPAL
Presenter

3. GROWTH OF ECLECTIC
TENDENCY IN EDUCATION
 In modern education a child is developed according to his nature
as influenced by Rousseau's Naturalism.
 Pestalozzi, has further emphasized that developing the raw
instincts of a child with love, affection and sympathy according
to the different stages of development, necessary provision
regarding public education should also be mad which was given
importance in modern education.
 Pestalozzi laid emphasis upon the natural interests and inherent
tendencies of a child. Herbart also advocated the creation of
varied interests in children.

4. GROWTH OF ECLECTIC
TENDENCY IN EDUCATION
 Froebel, insisted that educational process should follow the
laws of Nature and considering the child's nature as good
emphasized that education should allow complete
development of the child through self activity. He also insisted
on the inclusion of some special subjects in the curriculum
laying emphasis on learning by doing.
 Froebel argued for a free and unfettered environment for the
development of the child and inculcation.

5. GROWTH OF ECLECTIC
TENDENCY IN EDUCATION
 Spencer, tried to correlate education with actual life and uphold
the importance of individualism.
 He has emphasized that individual development takes place only
in a developed society.

6. GROWTH OF ECLECTIC
TENDENCY IN EDUCATION
 Due to eclectic tendency both the factors, interests and efforts,
are brought together to form a harmonious synthesis of the two
to emphasize that a child needs the use of both, the interests as
well as efforts, for his full development.

7. MODERN EDUCATIONISTS’
VIEWS ON EDUCATION
(1) Butler—"The aim of education is to mould an individual
according to the cultural heritage of the race.“
(2) James—"Education is the sum total of achieved habits by
means of which an individual adjusts itself to its environment.“
(3) Ryburn—"Education treats an individual as such by keeping him
within a group or association and keeps the development of an
individual to the full so that he also contributes his best to the
development of social welfare and social advancement."

8. ECLECTIC TENDENCY IN
MODERN EDUCATION
(1) Aim of Education. The aim of modern education, by achieving a
synthesis of individual and social efficiency, is to create such
citizens who develop themselves and bring about social welfare.
(2) Curriculum. Curriculum of modern education is flexible. It is
constructed, keeping into consideration the ever changing needs
of society, broad based, diversified and many-sided.
Aspects of modern education

9. (3) Methods of Teaching. Today methods of teaching are being
moulded and modified according to psychological investigations
and findings which advocate the use of self activities, experiences
and observation techniques for effective learning. In other words,
methods of teaching are being given scientific bases so as to make
them operate according to the rules of natural development of
children.
(4) Correlation of Subjects. Modern education prescribes correlation
while teaching various subjects so that children learn knowledge as
one whole unit.

10. (5) Importance of Subject Specialists. The curriculum of modern
education is very broad and varied. Only one teacher is not capable
to teach all subjects. Hence, need to specialists to teach one or a
group of allied subjects is receiving due importance these days.
(6) Teaching Work as a Profession. In modern times, teaching has
become a profession. Thus, teachers work according to definite
pay scales all allowances.

11. (7) Emphasis on the Training of Teachers. Under the influence of
eclectic tendency more and more teacher-training institutions are
being opened to provide training to teachers for various grades
and levels of education.
(8) Place of Teacher. In ancient times, a teacher was regarded as a
divine being. But now he has been drawn to the position of a
friend, philosopher and guide with a mission to develop children
fully and completely.

12. (9) Secular Form of Education. In ancient and medieval times,
provision of education was make by religious institutions. But,
under the influence of eclectic tendency, modern education has
broken off from religious bonds and has become material and
worldly.
(10) Discipline. Modern education condemns repression or
compulsion of any kind for disciplining children. It stimulates a
sense of self discipline among children which is essential for the
development of individual and welfare of society.

13. (11) Place of School. Under the influence of sociological tendency,
the function of school is to prepare dynamic citizens to participate
in the social activities successfully. As such, school is now regarded
as a miniature society to develop dynamic, enterprising and
resourceful citizens
(12) State System of Education. In modern times, each state is
trying to launch schemes of free, compulsory and universal
education to cater to the educational needs of its citizens.

14.  Modern methodologies as Montessori, Kinder Garten, Dalton
Plan and others all emphasize the two factors namely— (1)
interests and (2) efforts for proper development by education.

15.  Issues on Eclectic Education: is of 'freedom' and 'discipline'. This
has been since the earliest times a very controversial problem.
The burning question had been, how much freedom and how
much discipline, should be provided and enforced.