The document discusses key artists and art movements from 1901 to the 1950s. It mentions Pablo Picasso's 1901 self-portrait and the beginnings of abstract art with Kandinsky. It then discusses Expressionism, Cubism, Futurism, Constructivism, De Stijl, Suprematism, Dada, Surrealism and works by artists such as Picasso, Braque, Duchamp, Malevich, Tatlin, Mondrian, and others. Major works mentioned include Les Demoiselles d'Avignon, Fountain, and Guernica.