Early Discoveries of Cells thru Timeline presented by Teacher Kiel Lorrence Garcia Note the following information and perform the necessary tasks such as reading assigns and homework activity that are due next week September 4 to 9, 2011

1. Reading Assignment DENGUE, also known as breakbone fever , is an infectious tropical disease caused by the dengue virus. CAUSATIVE AGENT , Dengue fever virus (DENV) is an RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae; genus Flavivirus. MECHANISM, When a mosquito carrying dengue virus bites a person, the virus enters the skin together with the mosquito's saliva. It binds to and enters white blood cells, and reproduces inside the cells while they move throughout the body.

3. 1590 1632 1665 1775 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Zaccharias & Hans Janssen LENS derived from the Latin “Lentils” which happens to be a seed crop. It was named due to its resemblance. LENS 1972

4. Crude Microscope Father of Microscopy Anton van Leeuwenhooke Anton Van Leeuwenhoek was the first to see and describe bacteria (1674), yeast plants, the teeming life in a drop of water, and the circulation of blood corpuscles in capillaries. 1972 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931

5. 1590 1632 1665 1775 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Robert Hooke wrote Micrographia , the first book describing observations made through a microscope. Hooke was the first person to use the word "cell" to identify microscopic structures when he was describing cork. Cell & Cell wall 1972

6. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 PROTOPLASM In PROKARYOTES the material inside the plasma membrane is the bacterial cytoplasm Protoplasm is the living content of a cell that is surrounded by a plasma membrane (cell membrane). In EUKARYOTES the protoplasm surrounding the cell nucleus is known as the cytoplasm and that inside the nucleus as the nucleoplasm. Proponent: Jan Evangelista Purkenji, 1972

7. 1972 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 NUCLEUS Proponent: Robert Brown The nucleus is a highly specialized organelle that serves as the information and administrative center of the cell. This organelle has two major functions. It stores the cell's hereditary material, or DNA, and it coordinates the cell's activities, which include intermediary metabolism, growth, protein synthesis, and reproduction (cell division).

8. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 proposed that a new group of one-celled organisms be called Rhizopoda; meaning "root-foot". The name was later changed to Protozoa. Félix Dujardin 1972

9. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 All plants looked at were made of cells, so concluded: “ All plants are made of cells.” Matthias Schleiden German botanist and co-founder of the cell theory, 1. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of life. 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. Cell Theory 1972

10. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 All animals looked at were made of cells, so concluded: “ All animals are made of cells.” Theodore Schwann German botanist and co-founder of the cell theory, 1. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of life. 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. Cell Theory 1972

11. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 concluded: “ Where a cell exists, there must have been a preexisting cell…..” Rudolf Virchow German physician and co-founder of the cell theory, studied cell reproduction 1. All living organisms are made up of one or more cells. 2. Cells are the basic unit of life. 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells. Cell Theory 1972

12. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Chromosomes Proponent: Walther Flemming A chromosome is an organized structure of DNA and protein found in cells. It is a single piece of coiled DNA containing many genes, regulatory elements and other nucleotide sequences. Chromosomes also contain DNA-bound proteins, which serve to package the DNA and control its functions. 1972

13. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 THE FUNCTION of the Golgi is to package different macromolecules and products from the endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, and other vesicles into their final form in order for them to be sent out. These packaged products can be sent out of the cell to another cell, or they can be sent somewhere within the cell -- regardless, if a product needs to be sent out, the Golgi will package it and send it out (just like a post office). Golgi Apparatus Proponent: Camillo Golgi, 1972

14. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Mitochondrion Proponent: Karl Benda A typical animal cell will have on the order of 1000 to 2000 mitochondria. So the cell will have a lot of structures that are capable of producing a high amount of available energy. This ATP production by the mitochondria is done by the process of respiration, which in essence is the use of oxygen in a process which generates energy. This is a very efficient process for using food energy to make ATP. One of the benefits of "aerobic exercise" is that it improves your body's ability to make ATP rapidly using the respiration process. 1972

16. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Endoplasmic Reticulum Proponent: Albert Claude The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is responsible for the production of the protein and lipid components of most of the cell's organelles. These two types of ER - rough, which is coated with ribosomes, and smooth, which isn't. Rough ER is the site of protein synthesis. The smooth ER is where the vesicles carrying newly synthesized proteins (from the rough ER) are budded off. 1972

17. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Proponent: Christian de Duve Lysosomes The lysosomes job in the cell is to digest all worn out organelles and any bacteria or viruses. The lysosomes dispense the waste into a vacuole the transports it out of the cell. FUNCTIONS AS Also called as Suicide-bags of the cell. 1972

18. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Proponent: George Palade Ribosome A ribosome is an organelle which assembles the twenty specific amino acid molecules to form the particular protein molecule determined by the nucleotide sequence of an RNA molecule. Protein-synthesizers 1972 Free ribosomes are suspended in the cytosol. (semi-fluid of the Cytoplasm)

19. 1590 1632 1665 1834 1831 1787 1838 1839 1855 1898. 1843 1897 1950 1945 1931 Proponent: Seymour Jonathan Singer Fluid Mosaic Model 1972 Plasma Membrane is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment.

20. Parts of the Cell

21. Homework Activity A 2pcs ½ Short Folder Landscape TIMELINE OF THE EARLY HISTORY OF THE CELL REMINDERS: 1 Reading Assignment Reading assignment notebook Enumerate the remaining organelles that was not included in the presentation and give a short description of its function inside the cell. 2 If already done, relax. Proceed to Reading assignments. To be passed on Monday.

23. Description next Slide.