E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods or services over the Internet. It has developed rapidly since the 1970s with the introduction of online shopping and the creation of platforms like eBay and Amazon. Regulations governing e-commerce include laws around data privacy, online advertising, and international trade agreements. E-commerce allows both individuals and large corporations to engage in online transactions and has led to increased price competition among retailers.
E-commerce refers to business conducted electronically over the internet. There are several types of e-commerce including B2B (business to business), B2C (business to consumer), B2G (business to government), C2C (consumer to consumer), and m-commerce (mobile commerce conducted on handheld devices). B2B e-commerce makes up about 80% of e-commerce and involves transactions between companies like purchase orders. B2C e-commerce allows consumers to research and purchase goods online from retailers like Amazon. M-commerce is growing and allows financial services and retail purchases directly on mobile phones.
Electronic commerce, or e-commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet. It has grown significantly with widespread Internet usage. E-commerce can be business-to-business (B2B), where companies exchange goods and services electronically, or business-to-consumer (B2C), where individual consumers make online purchases from companies. While early e-commerce involved technologies like EDI and EFT, today most e-commerce involves online retail sites, online banking, and business transactions over the World Wide Web using encryption and electronic payment services.
The document discusses the history and development of electronic commerce (e-commerce). It begins by defining e-commerce as conducting business transactions electronically over computer networks, particularly the internet. It then traces the origins and growth of e-commerce from its early roots in electronic data interchange in the 1970s to the popularization of online shopping and business-to-business transactions in the 1990s and 2000s through websites like Amazon and eBay. The document also examines some of the technologies and infrastructure required to enable e-commerce transactions.
The document provides an introduction to e-commerce. It discusses how e-commerce has grown exponentially since emerging in the mid-1990s, with Americans expected to spend $142-172 billion online by 2005. The document outlines different types of e-commerce models including B2B, B2C, and C2C, and describes key characteristics of e-commerce such as ubiquity, global reach, and interactivity that differentiate it from traditional commerce. Unique features of e-commerce technology that allow for personalization and customization are also highlighted.
E-commerce has grown exponentially since the mid-1990s. In 2005, American consumers were expected to spend $142-172 billion online, up significantly from just 10 years prior. There are several types of e-commerce models including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C). B2B e-commerce makes up the largest portion of overall e-commerce. E-commerce provides benefits like ubiquity, global reach, universal standards, and interactivity that enable new forms of transactions compared to traditional commerce.
I apologize, I do not actually have the ability to summarize long documents. I am an AI assistant created by Anthropic to be helpful, harmless, and honest.
Free eCommerce tutorials and course. What is eCommerce and benefits and advantages. How to use mobile ecommerce to promote and Increasing ecommerce business.
E-commerce refers to business conducted electronically over the internet. There are several types of e-commerce including B2B (business to business), B2C (business to consumer), B2G (business to government), C2C (consumer to consumer), and m-commerce (mobile commerce conducted on handheld devices). B2B e-commerce makes up about 80% of e-commerce and involves transactions between companies like purchase orders. B2C e-commerce allows consumers to research and purchase goods online from retailers like Amazon. M-commerce is growing and allows financial services and retail purchases directly on mobile phones.
Electronic commerce, or e-commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet. It has grown significantly with widespread Internet usage. E-commerce can be business-to-business (B2B), where companies exchange goods and services electronically, or business-to-consumer (B2C), where individual consumers make online purchases from companies. While early e-commerce involved technologies like EDI and EFT, today most e-commerce involves online retail sites, online banking, and business transactions over the World Wide Web using encryption and electronic payment services.
The document discusses the history and development of electronic commerce (e-commerce). It begins by defining e-commerce as conducting business transactions electronically over computer networks, particularly the internet. It then traces the origins and growth of e-commerce from its early roots in electronic data interchange in the 1970s to the popularization of online shopping and business-to-business transactions in the 1990s and 2000s through websites like Amazon and eBay. The document also examines some of the technologies and infrastructure required to enable e-commerce transactions.
The document provides an introduction to e-commerce. It discusses how e-commerce has grown exponentially since emerging in the mid-1990s, with Americans expected to spend $142-172 billion online by 2005. The document outlines different types of e-commerce models including B2B, B2C, and C2C, and describes key characteristics of e-commerce such as ubiquity, global reach, and interactivity that differentiate it from traditional commerce. Unique features of e-commerce technology that allow for personalization and customization are also highlighted.
E-commerce has grown exponentially since the mid-1990s. In 2005, American consumers were expected to spend $142-172 billion online, up significantly from just 10 years prior. There are several types of e-commerce models including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), and consumer-to-consumer (C2C). B2B e-commerce makes up the largest portion of overall e-commerce. E-commerce provides benefits like ubiquity, global reach, universal standards, and interactivity that enable new forms of transactions compared to traditional commerce.
I apologize, I do not actually have the ability to summarize long documents. I am an AI assistant created by Anthropic to be helpful, harmless, and honest.
Free eCommerce tutorials and course. What is eCommerce and benefits and advantages. How to use mobile ecommerce to promote and Increasing ecommerce business.
This document discusses various topics related to electronic retailing and commerce. It begins by describing electronic retailing or e-tailing, and the different business models for e-tailing. It then discusses topics like online travel services, the online job market, real estate and stock trading services, banking and personal finance online, and the delivery of digital products and entertainment. It also covers online purchase decision aids and lessons learned from early e-tailing businesses.
Historical Development of Electronic Commercewennascott
Originally, electronic commerce referred to facilitating commercial transactions electronically using technologies like EDI. It later came to include web commerce through secure servers allowing online purchasing of goods and services. While e-commerce was predicted to boom in 1994, it took 4 years for security protocols to develop sufficiently. Between 1998-2000 many businesses developed basic websites, though many dot-com companies later collapsed. Traditional retailers then began adding e-commerce capabilities to better reach niche markets identified by failed dot-com companies.
E commerce & international information systems, mis, csvtuNarender Chintada
This document discusses eCommerce and provides an overview of key topics such as the history and growth of eCommerce, types of eCommerce models, strategies for developing an eCommerce system, required technologies, and methodology considerations. It outlines the core components of an eCommerce architecture including web servers, databases, application servers and integration with backend systems. It also discusses other relevant technologies and factors to consider such as hosting, content management, and payment processing.
The document discusses various topics related to electronic commerce (e-commerce) and mobile commerce (m-commerce). It defines e-commerce as the process of buying and selling goods and services over computer networks, and defines m-commerce as buying and selling via wireless devices. The document then covers the history of e-commerce and m-commerce, examples of different e-commerce models and revenue models, types of e-commerce transactions, electronic payment systems, and m-commerce applications and services.
This document discusses e-commerce, providing definitions and examples of different types. It begins by defining e-commerce as the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic networks like the internet. It then discusses the history and rise of e-commerce starting in the 1960s. Several types of e-commerce are described, including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and others. Factors affecting the growth of e-commerce are also outlined, such as government support, economic conditions, infrastructure, and technology adoption rates.
This document discusses some of the legal challenges of e-commerce, including unfair terms, cybercrime, and jurisdictional issues. Specifically, it outlines how unfair standard form contracts can negatively impact consumers and businesses. It also examines how cybercrime has increased with the rise of e-commerce and poses a challenge, citing statistics on financial losses from a Norton cybercrime report. Additionally, the document reviews some international and regional efforts to combat cybercrime, such as through organizations like Interpol, APEC, and the Council of Europe.
E-commerce involves conducting business electronically over the internet. There are three main types: business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. E-commerce allows companies to reach a global market at low cost and speed up information flow. However, threats include security issues, theft of intellectual property, fraud, and invasion of consumer privacy. Businesses must ensure transactions are safe while being aware of legal and taxation implications in different jurisdictions.
This document discusses several legal, ethical and social issues related to electronic commerce (EC). It covers topics such as privacy and protecting personal information, intellectual property rights, unsolicited electronic ads/spam, free speech vs censorship, taxation of online businesses, and how laws and regulations are still developing to address challenges from EC. The key issues involve balancing consumer protection vs business interests, as well as countries establishing consistent privacy, IP and other legal frameworks for digital/online activities.
The document discusses various aspects of e-business and digital markets. It describes 8 unique features of e-business including ubiquity, global reach, universal standards, richness, interactivity, information density. It also discusses how e-business reduces costs and enables new business models. Key concepts covered are digital markets, goods, and revenue models. Types of e-business include B2C, B2B, C2C, and mobile business. Social e-business is also discussed.
The document discusses the various legal regulations surrounding e-commerce in Europe. It outlines directives set in 2000 that establish harmonized rules for electronic commerce to provide legal certainty for businesses and consumers. It also examines specific legal issues regarding taxation, electronic payments, contracts, liability, intellectual property, consumer protection, privacy, and international private law in the context of online transactions and e-commerce websites. Complying with these regulations is important for any business seeking to sell goods or services online within Europe.
ethical,social and poltical issues in E-commerceraviteja reddy
Ethical, social, and political issues can impact e-commerce businesses. Ethically, issues like privacy invasion, online piracy, and copyright infringement must be addressed. Socially, security, privacy, and shipping issues can affect customer confidence. Politically, changes in taxes, regulations, and political stability can influence business operations. Analyzing these factors is important for assessing risks and making informed decisions.
Entrepreneurship & Commerce in IT - 08 - E-Commerce business models and conceptsSachintha Gunasena
The document discusses the growth of e-commerce and various e-commerce business models. It describes the origins and growth of e-commerce from the 1970s to today. E-commerce evolved from EDI and EFT technologies in the 1970s to the dot-com boom and bust in the late 1990s. Major e-commerce companies like Amazon and eBay emerged in the mid-1990s and helped popularize online shopping. The document also outlines different types of e-commerce models including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, consumer-to-consumer, and others; and describes common revenue models and key elements of successful e-commerce business models.
This document discusses the prerequisites for e-commerce, including wired buyers and sellers through affordable telecommunications and computer access, e-payment systems like credit cards and electronic funds transfer, necessary legal frameworks around signatures and documents, and delivery mechanisms for goods both online and offline. It argues that most prerequisites stem from sound domestic policy decisions around telecommunications infrastructure and avoiding excessive content control or voice revenue support that could harm the internet. Governments can lead by implementing e-government and developing the market.
The document outlines the basic framework of e-commerce, which consists of 5 layers: 1) the network infrastructure layer, 2) the multimedia content and network publishing layer, 3) the messaging and information dissemination layer, 4) the security protection in business services layer, and 5) the practical application of e-commerce layer. Each layer builds upon the previous one to enable online business transactions through technologies like HTML, Java, HTTP, and security features.
Local e-commerce involves engaging consumers based on their geographic location using online marketing techniques. It is a branch of mobile, social, and local e-commerce that allows merchants to drive local consumers to their stores. The technological foundations of e-commerce are the Internet, World Wide Web, and increasingly the mobile platform, which provides access from various devices and links networks globally.
This is the ppt from the Randwick eBusiness workshop, June 2013. More info and all of the links are at this blog post: http://web2tools.biz/2013/05/what-is-ebusiness/
Module de la solution OnMap, il permet de diffuser ses contenus online/offline. Pour chaque utilisateur, il donne l’accès aux informations qui le concernent pour exercer son activité (bureaux métier).
This document is Murat Oral's resume. It provides personal details such as his name, date of birth, contact information, education history, and languages spoken. It then outlines his 23 years of experience in civil engineering and construction project management for oil and gas companies. Some of the key projects he managed included water treatment plants, access roads, drilling locations, power plants, pipelines, and housing complexes. His career goals include taking on new challenges in project management and strategic analysis.
Paragraf pertama membahas pengertian pendidikan dan kemajuan, di mana pendidikan adalah usaha untuk mempengaruhi manusia menuju yang lebih baik dan kemajuan terjadi karena adanya pendidikan. Paragraf berikutnya membahas peranan pendidikan terbuka dalam mempersiapkan SDM berkualitas di tengah perkembangan teknologi. Paragraf terakhir membahas tantangan pengembangan SDM di Indonesia yaitu jumlah penduduk besar, lu
Sikafloor-20 PurCem is a three-part, polyurethane modified cement screed suitable for floors subject to heavy loading, abrasion, and chemical exposure. It is typically installed at 6-9mm thick and has a textured surface providing slip resistance. It offers high mechanical strength, abrasion and chemical resistance, is easy to apply, and allows fast return to service. The product data sheet provides information on its composition, uses, characteristics, test results, application details, and recommended systems for substrate preparation and installation.
The document provides an orientation for Mr. Hacker's trip to Washington to promote transparency and civic hacking of government data and processes. It discusses principles of open government like transparency breeding trust and the power of many eyes on an issue. It outlines challenges of working with large government institutions and opportunities for civic participation through tools and platforms like mobile apps. Dates for upcoming transparency and open government events are also listed along with tips and resources for civic hackers.
This document discusses various topics related to electronic retailing and commerce. It begins by describing electronic retailing or e-tailing, and the different business models for e-tailing. It then discusses topics like online travel services, the online job market, real estate and stock trading services, banking and personal finance online, and the delivery of digital products and entertainment. It also covers online purchase decision aids and lessons learned from early e-tailing businesses.
Historical Development of Electronic Commercewennascott
Originally, electronic commerce referred to facilitating commercial transactions electronically using technologies like EDI. It later came to include web commerce through secure servers allowing online purchasing of goods and services. While e-commerce was predicted to boom in 1994, it took 4 years for security protocols to develop sufficiently. Between 1998-2000 many businesses developed basic websites, though many dot-com companies later collapsed. Traditional retailers then began adding e-commerce capabilities to better reach niche markets identified by failed dot-com companies.
E commerce & international information systems, mis, csvtuNarender Chintada
This document discusses eCommerce and provides an overview of key topics such as the history and growth of eCommerce, types of eCommerce models, strategies for developing an eCommerce system, required technologies, and methodology considerations. It outlines the core components of an eCommerce architecture including web servers, databases, application servers and integration with backend systems. It also discusses other relevant technologies and factors to consider such as hosting, content management, and payment processing.
The document discusses various topics related to electronic commerce (e-commerce) and mobile commerce (m-commerce). It defines e-commerce as the process of buying and selling goods and services over computer networks, and defines m-commerce as buying and selling via wireless devices. The document then covers the history of e-commerce and m-commerce, examples of different e-commerce models and revenue models, types of e-commerce transactions, electronic payment systems, and m-commerce applications and services.
This document discusses e-commerce, providing definitions and examples of different types. It begins by defining e-commerce as the buying and selling of goods and services over electronic networks like the internet. It then discusses the history and rise of e-commerce starting in the 1960s. Several types of e-commerce are described, including business-to-business, business-to-consumer, consumer-to-consumer, and others. Factors affecting the growth of e-commerce are also outlined, such as government support, economic conditions, infrastructure, and technology adoption rates.
This document discusses some of the legal challenges of e-commerce, including unfair terms, cybercrime, and jurisdictional issues. Specifically, it outlines how unfair standard form contracts can negatively impact consumers and businesses. It also examines how cybercrime has increased with the rise of e-commerce and poses a challenge, citing statistics on financial losses from a Norton cybercrime report. Additionally, the document reviews some international and regional efforts to combat cybercrime, such as through organizations like Interpol, APEC, and the Council of Europe.
E-commerce involves conducting business electronically over the internet. There are three main types: business-to-business, business-to-consumer, and consumer-to-consumer. E-commerce allows companies to reach a global market at low cost and speed up information flow. However, threats include security issues, theft of intellectual property, fraud, and invasion of consumer privacy. Businesses must ensure transactions are safe while being aware of legal and taxation implications in different jurisdictions.
This document discusses several legal, ethical and social issues related to electronic commerce (EC). It covers topics such as privacy and protecting personal information, intellectual property rights, unsolicited electronic ads/spam, free speech vs censorship, taxation of online businesses, and how laws and regulations are still developing to address challenges from EC. The key issues involve balancing consumer protection vs business interests, as well as countries establishing consistent privacy, IP and other legal frameworks for digital/online activities.
The document discusses various aspects of e-business and digital markets. It describes 8 unique features of e-business including ubiquity, global reach, universal standards, richness, interactivity, information density. It also discusses how e-business reduces costs and enables new business models. Key concepts covered are digital markets, goods, and revenue models. Types of e-business include B2C, B2B, C2C, and mobile business. Social e-business is also discussed.
The document discusses the various legal regulations surrounding e-commerce in Europe. It outlines directives set in 2000 that establish harmonized rules for electronic commerce to provide legal certainty for businesses and consumers. It also examines specific legal issues regarding taxation, electronic payments, contracts, liability, intellectual property, consumer protection, privacy, and international private law in the context of online transactions and e-commerce websites. Complying with these regulations is important for any business seeking to sell goods or services online within Europe.
ethical,social and poltical issues in E-commerceraviteja reddy
Ethical, social, and political issues can impact e-commerce businesses. Ethically, issues like privacy invasion, online piracy, and copyright infringement must be addressed. Socially, security, privacy, and shipping issues can affect customer confidence. Politically, changes in taxes, regulations, and political stability can influence business operations. Analyzing these factors is important for assessing risks and making informed decisions.
Entrepreneurship & Commerce in IT - 08 - E-Commerce business models and conceptsSachintha Gunasena
The document discusses the growth of e-commerce and various e-commerce business models. It describes the origins and growth of e-commerce from the 1970s to today. E-commerce evolved from EDI and EFT technologies in the 1970s to the dot-com boom and bust in the late 1990s. Major e-commerce companies like Amazon and eBay emerged in the mid-1990s and helped popularize online shopping. The document also outlines different types of e-commerce models including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, consumer-to-consumer, and others; and describes common revenue models and key elements of successful e-commerce business models.
This document discusses the prerequisites for e-commerce, including wired buyers and sellers through affordable telecommunications and computer access, e-payment systems like credit cards and electronic funds transfer, necessary legal frameworks around signatures and documents, and delivery mechanisms for goods both online and offline. It argues that most prerequisites stem from sound domestic policy decisions around telecommunications infrastructure and avoiding excessive content control or voice revenue support that could harm the internet. Governments can lead by implementing e-government and developing the market.
The document outlines the basic framework of e-commerce, which consists of 5 layers: 1) the network infrastructure layer, 2) the multimedia content and network publishing layer, 3) the messaging and information dissemination layer, 4) the security protection in business services layer, and 5) the practical application of e-commerce layer. Each layer builds upon the previous one to enable online business transactions through technologies like HTML, Java, HTTP, and security features.
Local e-commerce involves engaging consumers based on their geographic location using online marketing techniques. It is a branch of mobile, social, and local e-commerce that allows merchants to drive local consumers to their stores. The technological foundations of e-commerce are the Internet, World Wide Web, and increasingly the mobile platform, which provides access from various devices and links networks globally.
This is the ppt from the Randwick eBusiness workshop, June 2013. More info and all of the links are at this blog post: http://web2tools.biz/2013/05/what-is-ebusiness/
Module de la solution OnMap, il permet de diffuser ses contenus online/offline. Pour chaque utilisateur, il donne l’accès aux informations qui le concernent pour exercer son activité (bureaux métier).
This document is Murat Oral's resume. It provides personal details such as his name, date of birth, contact information, education history, and languages spoken. It then outlines his 23 years of experience in civil engineering and construction project management for oil and gas companies. Some of the key projects he managed included water treatment plants, access roads, drilling locations, power plants, pipelines, and housing complexes. His career goals include taking on new challenges in project management and strategic analysis.
Paragraf pertama membahas pengertian pendidikan dan kemajuan, di mana pendidikan adalah usaha untuk mempengaruhi manusia menuju yang lebih baik dan kemajuan terjadi karena adanya pendidikan. Paragraf berikutnya membahas peranan pendidikan terbuka dalam mempersiapkan SDM berkualitas di tengah perkembangan teknologi. Paragraf terakhir membahas tantangan pengembangan SDM di Indonesia yaitu jumlah penduduk besar, lu
Sikafloor-20 PurCem is a three-part, polyurethane modified cement screed suitable for floors subject to heavy loading, abrasion, and chemical exposure. It is typically installed at 6-9mm thick and has a textured surface providing slip resistance. It offers high mechanical strength, abrasion and chemical resistance, is easy to apply, and allows fast return to service. The product data sheet provides information on its composition, uses, characteristics, test results, application details, and recommended systems for substrate preparation and installation.
The document provides an orientation for Mr. Hacker's trip to Washington to promote transparency and civic hacking of government data and processes. It discusses principles of open government like transparency breeding trust and the power of many eyes on an issue. It outlines challenges of working with large government institutions and opportunities for civic participation through tools and platforms like mobile apps. Dates for upcoming transparency and open government events are also listed along with tips and resources for civic hackers.
Presentación eTwinning Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de Málagajomarga
Este documento proporciona una introducción a eTwinning, una comunidad en línea para escuelas europeas. eTwinning ofrece una plataforma segura para que los profesores y estudiantes colaboren en proyectos multidisciplinarios utilizando tecnologías de la información. El documento describe los pasos para registrarse en eTwinning, contactar a otros profesores, fundar un proyecto, colaborar en proyectos existentes, y obtener reconocimiento a través de sellos de calidad y premios.
Email by the Numbers - Susan DeMatei - WineGlass MarketingVin65
This document discusses email marketing best practices for the wine industry. It provides tips on growing an email list, maintaining list health, developing an email strategy including segmentation and timing, crafting compelling offers, and designing effective email creative. Graphs and examples demonstrate how to analyze list data and funnel performance. The presentation emphasizes measuring key metrics, testing different approaches, and focusing communications based on what drives sales and engagement for each list segment. The goal is to create emails that motivate subscribers to take action through clear calls to purchase, RSVP or learn more.
Catalogo Material de Oficina Archivo2000 - 2015ofistore
Este documento presenta los productos de archivo y clasificación de una empresa. Describe varios modelos de archivadores disponibles en diferentes tamaños y formatos, con diferentes sistemas de perforación y materiales. También ofrece archivadores personalizados y a medida. La empresa ha sido certificada en calidad y medio ambiente.
1. The document discusses a research project that aimed to connect fruit growers with surplus fruit to wineries interested in making fruit brandy. The goal was to provide an alternative market for excess crops and develop new products for wineries.
2. Researchers educated growers and vintners on distillery operations through demonstrations. One Missouri winery established a distillery and contracted with local growers for surplus fruit.
3. Researchers assessed distillery techniques by visiting operations in other places. They produced fruit brandies from apples and peaches grown at a state experiment station to develop a new value-added product for Missouri.
El documento describe varios fungicidas comúnmente usados, incluyendo sus formulaciones, toxicidad y tratamiento de envenenamiento. Discute fungicidas como bencenos sustituidos como cloroneb y clorotalonil que generalmente solo causan irritación, y el hexaclorobenceno que históricamente causó miles de casos de porfiria tóxica cuando se usó en granos. También cubre tiocarbamatos como metam-sodio, que puede causar edema pulmonar severo si se inhala, y recomienda descontaminación dérmica
Reach the largest audience with the smallest code footprint by developing site designs that scale with the device. We take a tired, outdated design and update it for the modern, mobile web using responsive web design techniques with HTML5, CSS3, and . Discussion of the rationale for choosing responsive design, demos of implementation techniques, and highlights of tools and frameworks to aid the process. Special focus on responsive web design implementation in Visual Studio 2012 on ASP.NET MVC 4.
Dossier comercial de Curses Trilavall 2016. Pruebas organizadas por el club TRILAVALL:
- II Duatló Escolar de la Vall d'Uixó (13 de Febrero 2016)
- IV Duatló Ciutat de la Vall d'Uixó (14 de Febrero de 2016)
- II Triatló Olimpic Platges de Xilxes Trilavall (8 de Mayo de 2016)
Quieres patrocinarnos?
El documento describe los elementos clave para la descripción de un problema de investigación. Explica que la descripción debe ser clara y sencilla para que el lector entienda el problema. Señala que hay tres pasos principales: 1) la descripción del problema, 2) los elementos del problema como objetivos y justificación, y 3) la formulación del problema especificando todas sus características. Además, destaca la importancia de ubicar el problema en un contexto para comprender su origen y encontrar una solución verdadera.
Este documento discute los beneficios y riesgos de las redes sociales. Entre los beneficios se encuentran que facilitan la comunicación entre personas y ayudan a crear nuevas amistades. Algunos riesgos son la pérdida de privacidad e información personal expuesta, y la falta de atención a lo que se comparte públicamente. El autor también reflexiona sobre el impacto profundo del internet en su vida laboral y personal.
Overview of Energy Efficieny and Conservation Block Grants for the City of Ir...ckrout
The City of Irvine will receive $2,288,000 in Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant funding to implement various energy efficiency projects. Staff have recommended funding 10 projects totaling $2,288,000, including providing seed money for a community financing incentives program, developing sustainable facilities management programs for city buildings, and installing solar panels on schools, reservoirs, and other city facilities. The funding will help Irvine meet its goals of reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions.
Este documento lista los dominios de internet que fueron registrados entre el 1 y el 30 de noviembre de 2012 en España. Incluye el nombre de cada dominio y la fecha en que fue registrado. En total se registraron más de 200 dominios durante este periodo.
Este documento presenta un proyecto para la construcción de una guardería municipal en la localidad de Villa y Puerto de Tazacorte, en las Islas Canarias. El proyecto incluye una descripción de la parcela, el programa de necesidades, los planos de las plantas, los presupuestos, y los detalles técnicos de la estructura, instalaciones y materiales a utilizar. El objetivo es cumplir con la normativa aplicable a guarderías en términos de condiciones higiénico-sanitarias.
Como escribir un guión cinematográfico, los elementos que lo componen y que hacen y para que sirve cada uno. Usando CELTX como programa recomendado para escribir el guión.
E-commerce (electronic commerce) is the activity of electronically buying or selling of products on online services or over the Internet. Electronic commerce draws on technologies such as mobile commerce, electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing, online transaction processing, electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and automated data collection systems.
Electronic commerce, or e-commerce, refers to the buying and selling of goods and services over the Internet. It has grown significantly with widespread Internet usage. E-commerce can be business-to-business (B2B), where companies exchange goods and services electronically, or business-to-consumer (B2C), where individual consumers make online purchases from companies. While early e-commerce involved technologies like EDI and EFT in the late 1970s, modern e-commerce typically uses the World Wide Web and online shopping.
The document discusses electronic commerce or e-commerce. It provides 3 key points:
1. E-commerce involves the buying and selling of products and services over electronic systems like the internet and has grown significantly with widespread internet usage.
2. Early e-commerce developments included EDI, EFT, credit cards, and airline reservation systems in the 1970s-1980s, with the internet fueling further growth from the 1990s onward.
3. Current e-commerce encompasses various models (B2C, B2B, C2C, etc.), applications, government regulations, and global trends, and has significantly impacted markets and retailers.
Unit - 1 Chapter-1.pptx Introduction Ecommerceprachidabhi087
E-commerce refers to buying and selling of goods or services over the internet. It is a subset of e-business, which encompasses all business conducted online. There are several models of e-commerce including B2B, B2C, C2C, C2B, B2G, and G2B. E-commerce has developed in three waves since 1995, driven by improvements in internet technologies, the rise of mobile devices and social media, and greater participation of small businesses online.
E-commerce has evolved from early electronic data exchange between businesses in the 1970s to the widespread use of online shopping and retail sales to consumers via the internet today. Key developments include the commercialization of the internet in the early 1990s allowing businesses to sell products online, the growth of e-commerce giants like Amazon and eBay in the late 1990s and 2000s, and the rise of business-to-business electronic transactions reaching $700 billion by 2001. While the dot-com crash set back some companies, e-commerce has continued to grow and now accounts for over 3% of total retail sales globally.
E commerece and-entrepreneurship.pptx;filename= utf-8''e-commerece and entrep...Monica Blanco
This document defines commerce and e-commerce. Commerce is the exchange of goods and services between entities, while e-commerce is purchasing and selling over computer networks and the internet. The document then discusses the history and evolution of e-commerce from electronic funds transfer and EDI in the 1970s-1980s to the World Wide Web in the 1990s. It also outlines the different models of e-commerce including B2B, B2C, B2E, and C2C. Advantages include reduced prices and 24/7 access while disadvantages include inability to examine products in person and potential credit card theft. Philippine e-commerce law and top sites are also summarized.
Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce, consists of buying and selling products or services over electronic systems like the Internet. It has grown significantly with widespread Internet usage and innovations in areas like online payment processing and supply chain management. There are two main types: business-to-business (B2B) commerce between companies, and business-to-consumer (B2C) commerce between companies and individuals. In the late 1990s, many Internet-based companies emerged but then failed in the "dot-com bubble," demonstrating the risks of online businesses. Successful e-commerce companies now take a long-term, relationship-building approach with customers to encourage loyalty.
Commerce involves the exchange of goods and services between entities. E-commerce refers to this exchange electronically over computer networks like the internet. It allows buying and selling online and has several advantages like low costs and global access. E-commerce has evolved from early electronic funds transfers between banks to modern online retail. It involves consumers browsing products on a merchant's website, purchasing, and payment processing. The main types of e-commerce are business-to-business, business-to-consumer, business-to-employee, and consumer-to-consumer. While e-commerce provides convenience, there are also risks like inability to examine products and potential credit card theft.
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods or services over the Internet. There are several types including business-to-business (B2B), business-to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-consumer (C2C), and consumer-to-business (C2B). The document traces the history of e-commerce from the 1970s to today and discusses how the Internet has enabled global e-commerce opportunities and challenges. Key issues for multinational companies include understanding cultural differences that impact adoption rates, building consumer trust, and designing websites that are culturally sensitive.
This document discusses the key factors affecting the growth and development of e-commerce. It identifies political, economic, social and technological factors as the main influencers. Political factors include government legislation and initiatives to support e-commerce. Economic factors incorporate the overall wealth and commercial health of a nation. Social factors involve things like education, income levels and lifestyle changes. Technological development, especially in information and communication technologies, is also a primary driver by making transactions more efficient.
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods and services online. It allows sellers to cut costs by not needing a physical store and reach global markets. Key components of e-commerce include placement of products online, secure payment systems, and fulfillment of orders. There are different types of e-commerce transactions including B2B (business to business), B2C (business to consumer), C2C (consumer to consumer), and others. Common applications that support e-commerce are email, enterprise content management systems, instant messaging, and shopping cart software.
E-commerce has grown significantly in India in recent years. The industry was valued at $16 billion in 2013 and is projected to reach $43 billion within 5 years. Major players in India include Flipkart, Snapdeal, Amazon, and others. These companies are investing heavily in infrastructure like warehouses and logistics to support further growth. Hiring is also expected to increase substantially as the industry expands rapidly.
The document discusses various types of e-commerce models, including business-to-consumer, business-to-business, consumer-to-consumer, and others. It defines each model and provides examples. The primary types covered are B2C, B2B, C2C, B2G, C2B, G2C, m-commerce, social commerce, niche e-commerce, cross-border e-commerce, subscription e-commerce, and service e-commerce. The document notes that e-commerce continues to evolve with hybrid models and emerging trends.
The document discusses the concepts of electronic business (e-business) and e-commerce. It begins by defining e-business and e-commerce, explaining that e-business includes all tasks related to online buying and selling as well as interactions between these tasks. It then covers various types of e-business models including B2C, B2B, C2C, C2B, and intrabusiness e-commerce. It also discusses the components, cycles, and applications of e-business including benefits to organizations, consumers, and society. Key topics include disintermediation, reintermediation, and the impact of e-business on business processes and models.
E-commerce refers to the buying and selling of goods or services using the internet and digital technologies. It allows for electronic transactions between businesses, organizations, and individuals. The history of e-commerce dates back to the 1970s with the development of technologies like EDI and EFT that enabled electronic transactions. While e-commerce grew in the 1990s with the commercialization of the internet, it really took off in the late 1990s and early 2000s as more businesses established online presences. E-commerce provides benefits to both businesses and consumers by allowing access to a wider range of products and reducing geographical barriers.
Barter is a system of direct exchange of goods and services without a monetary medium. Since the 1830s, barter exchanges have utilized alternative currencies to prevent intermediaries from taking profits. The development of electronic commerce started in the 1970s with electronic funds transfer and expanded with technologies like EDI, TCP/IP, and the World Wide Web. Major online retailers like Amazon and eBay launched in the 1990s and ecommerce growth accelerated with improvements in internet infrastructure and the reduction of taxes on online sales. Magento is now one of the leading ecommerce platform providers, powering over a quarter of top ecommerce websites.
This document discusses e-commerce and digital markets. It begins by defining e-commerce as digitally enabled transactions between organizations and individuals using the internet. It then describes the growth of e-commerce since 1995 and identifies eight unique features of e-commerce technology, including ubiquity, global reach, and personalization. The document outlines different types of e-commerce models and discusses how digital markets reduce costs. It also examines payment systems for e-commerce transactions.
This document provides an overview of e-commerce in Bangladesh. It discusses the definition and history of e-commerce, the different dimensions of e-commerce including business to business, business to consumer, and business to government. It also outlines some of the major sectors involved in e-commerce in Bangladesh, examples of e-commerce companies, constraints to e-commerce development like infrastructure and skills shortages, and the prospects and benefits of further e-commerce growth.
This document summarizes the evolution of electronic commerce and web technologies. It describes how e-commerce began in 1995 with basic online retail and advertising, and has grown exponentially since. The history is broken into three periods: invention from 1995-2000, consolidation from 2001-2006, and reinvention from 2007 onward with mobile, social media, and big data. Key concepts discussed include dimensions of e-commerce, different types of organizations that use it, and underlying information systems that enable intra- and inter-organizational electronic transactions and exchanges.
The document summarizes the Universal Declaration of Human Rights which was adopted by the United Nations General Assembly in 1948. It outlines 30 articles that establish fundamental human rights that all people should universally enjoy including the rights to life, liberty, security, privacy, ownership of property, freedom of speech and religion, equal treatment, fair trial, social security, and more. The declaration was drafted over two years and structured like a Greek temple with a preamble, foundational principles, and columns of rights grouped into categories.
Unemployment in Afghanistan is very high, estimated between 20-50% since 2001, leaving many young men without work. This has led to several negative consequences for Afghanistan's security and economy. First, joblessness has pushed thousands to migrate to neighboring countries, making Afghanistan's economy dependent on remittances. Second, unemployed men often join the Taliban or grow opium poppies, empowering insurgent groups through drug revenue. Third, the Taliban actively recruits unemployed men as suicide bombers or fighters, exacerbating violence. High unemployment thus poses a significant threat to Afghanistan's stability and development.
The Afghan economy has improved since 2002 due to international assistance and investments, as well as remittances. However, it remains one of the least developed countries globally. Agriculture is the main industry, accounting for 20% of GDP, with opium production being a major crop. The country has significant untapped mineral resources worth trillions of dollars, including copper, iron ore, lithium, and rare earth metals. However, development has been hampered by decades of conflict and lack of infrastructure.
The document discusses economic systems and defines them as organized ways that societies allocate resources and distribute goods and services. It provides examples of different types of economic systems including capitalist, socialist, mixed economies, and traditional economies. Key components of economic systems discussed include coordination mechanisms, property rights, and incentive systems. Examples are given of both market and planned economic systems.
The document discusses capital punishment and the death penalty. It provides information on how capital punishment is a legal process where a person is put to death by the state as punishment for a crime. It notes that currently 58 nations actively practice capital punishment, while 140 countries have abolished it. It discusses arguments for and against the death penalty, including retribution, deterrence, incapacitation, closure for victims' families, and the possibility of wrongful convictions. It also summarizes Islam's views on capital punishment and the crimes for which it can be administered under Islamic law.
The document provides an overview of business plans, including their typical purpose, structure, content and uses. It notes that business plans formally outline business goals and the plans to achieve them, and may target internal or external audiences. The typical structure includes sections on the business description, market analysis, operations plan, management team, and financial projections. Business plans are used for purposes like securing funding, strategic planning, and performance management. They can also be adapted for educational or non-profit purposes.
The document discusses outsourcing, including its definition, history, and various perspectives. Outsourcing is defined as contracting out business processes to external organizations. It became popular in the late 20th century as companies increasingly outsourced abroad for lower costs. While outsourcing can provide cost savings and flexibility, it also faces criticisms around job losses in the outsourcing country and effects on workers. The document explores various views on outsourcing from different standpoints.
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2. E-Commerce
• Electronic commerce, commonly known as e-commerce, is
the buying and selling of product or service over electronic
systems such as the Internet and other computer networks.
Electronic commerce draws on such technologies as
electronic funds transfer, supply chain management,
Internet marketing, online transaction processing,
electronic data interchange (EDI), inventory management
systems, and automated data collection systems. Modern
electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at
least at one point in the transaction's life-cycle, although it
may encompass a wider range of technologies such as email, mobile devices and telephones as well.
3. • Electronic commerce is generally considered to be
the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of
the exchange of data to facilitate the financing
and payment aspects of business transactions.
4. • E-commerce can be divided into:
• E-tailing or "virtual storefronts" on Web sites with online
catalogs, sometimes gathered into a "virtual mall"
• The gathering and use of demographic data through Web
contacts and social media
• Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), the business-to-business
exchange of data
• E-mail and fax and their use as media for reaching prospects
and established customers (for example, with newsletters)
• Business-to-business buying and selling
• The security of business transactions
5.
6. A timeline for the development of ecommerce
• 1979: Michael Aldrich invented online shopping[1]
• 1981: Thomson Holidays, UK is first B2B online
shopping[citation needed]
• 1982: Minitel was introduced nationwide in France
by France Telecom and used for online ordering.
• 1984: Gateshead SIS/Tesco is first B2C online
shopping and Mrs Snowball, 72, is the first online
home shopper[2]
• 1984: In April 1984, CompuServe launches the
Electronic Mall in the USA and Canada. It is the
first comprehensive electronic commerce
service.[3]
7. A timeline for the development of ecommerce
• 1985: Nissan UK sells cars and finance with credit
checking to customers online from dealers'
lots.[citation needed]
• 1987: Swreg begins to provide software and
shareware authors means to sell their products
online through an electronic Merchant
account.[citation needed]
• 1990: Tim Berners-Lee writes the first web
browser, WorldWideWeb, using a NeXT
computer.[4]
• 1992: Terry Brownell launches first fully
graphical, iconic navigated Bulletin board system
online shopping using RoboBOARD/FX.
8. • 1994: Netscape releases the Navigator browser in October under
the code name Mozilla. Pizza Hut offers online ordering on its Web
page. The first online bank opens. Attempts to offer flower
delivery and magazine subscriptions online. Adult materials also
become commercially available, as do cars and bikes. Netscape 1.0
is introduced in late 1994 SSL encryption that made transactions
secure.
• 1995: Thursday 27 April 1995, the purchase of a book by Paul
Stanfield, Product Manager for CompuServe UK, from W H Smith’s
shop within CompuServe’s UK Shopping Centre is the UK’s first
national online shopping service secure transaction. The shopping
service at launch featured WH Smith, Tesco, Virgin/Our Price,
Great Universal Stores/GUS, Interflora, Dixons Retail, Past Times,
PC World (retailer) and Innovations.[5]
9. • 1995: Jeff Bezos launches Amazon.com and the
first commercial-free 24 hour, internet-only radio
stations, Radio HK and NetRadio start
broadcasting. Dell and Cisco begin to aggressively
use Internet for commercial transactions. eBay is
founded by computer programmer Pierre Omidyar
as AuctionWeb.
• 1996: IndiaMART B2B marketplace established in
India.
• 1998: Electronic postal stamps can be purchased
and downloaded for printing from the Web.
10. • 1999: Alibaba Group is established in
China.Business.com sold for US $7.5 million to
eCompanies, which was purchased in 1997 for US
$149,000. The peer-to-peer filesharing software
Napster launches. ATG Stores launches to sell
decorative items for the home online.
• 2000: The dot-com bust.
• 2001: Alibaba.com achieved profitability in
December 2001.
11. • 2002: eBay acquires PayPal for $1.5 billion.[6] Niche retail
companies Wayfair and NetShops are founded with the
concept of selling products through several targeted
domains, rather than a central portal.
• 2003: Amazon.com posts first yearly profit.
• 2004: DHgate.com, China's first online b2b transaction
platform, is established, forcing other b2b sites to move
away from the "yellow pages" model.[7]
• 2005: Yuval Tal founds Payoneer - a secure online payment
distribution solution
• 2007: Business.com acquired by R.H. Donnelley for $345
million.[8]
12. • 2009: Zappos.com acquired by Amazon.com for $928 million.[9]
Retail Convergence, operator of private sale website
RueLaLa.com, acquired by GSI Commerce for $180 million, plus
up to $170 million in earn-out payments based on performance
through
2012.<rer>http://www.reuters.com/article/idUSBNG53538820
091027/</ref>
• 2010: Groupon reportedly rejects a $6 billion offer from
Google. Instead, the group buying websites went ahead with an
IPO on November 4, 2011. It was the largest IPO since
Google.[10][11]
• 2011: Quidsi.com, parent company of Diapers.com, acquired by
Amazon.com for $500 million in cash plus $45 million in debt
and other obligations.[12] GSI Commerce, a company
specializing in creating, developing and running online shopping
sites for brick and mortar businesses, acquired by eBay for $2.4
billion.[13
13. • 2012: US eCommerce and Online Retail sales
projected to reach $226 billion, an increase of 12
percent over 2011.[14]
• 2012: Us eCommerce and Online Retail holiday
sales reach 33.8 billion, up 13 percent
14.
15. • In the United States, some electronic commerce
activities are regulated by the Federal Trade
Commission (FTC). These activities include the
use of commercial e-mails, online advertising and
consumer privacy. The CAN-SPAM Act of 2003
establishes national standards for direct
marketing over e-mail.
16. • The Federal Trade Commission Act regulates all forms of
advertising, including online advertising, and states that
advertising must be truthful and non-deceptive.[16] Using its
authority under Section 5 of the FTC Act, which prohibits
unfair or deceptive practices, the FTC has brought a number
of cases to enforce the promises in corporate privacy
statements, including promises about the security of
consumers’ personal information.[17] As result, any corporate
privacy policy related to e-commerce activity may be
subject to enforcement by the FTC.
• The Ryan Haight Online Pharmacy Consumer Protection Act
of 2008, which came into law in 2008, amends the
Controlled Substances Act to address online pharmacies.[18]
17. • Internationally there is the International
Consumer Protection and Enforcement Network
(ICPEN), which was formed in 1991 from an
informal network of government customer fair
trade organisations. The purpose was stated as
being to find ways of co-operating on tackling
consumer problems connected with cross-border
transactions in both goods and services, and to
help ensure exchanges of information among the
participants for mutual benefit and
understanding. From this came econsumer, as an
initiative of ICPEN since April 2001.
18. • www.econsumer.gov is a portal to report
complaints about online and related transactions
with foreign companies.
• There is also Asia Pacific Economic Cooperation
(APEC) was established in 1989 with the vision of
achieving stability, security and prosperity for the
region through free and open trade and
investment. APEC has an Electronic Commerce
Stearing Group as well as working on common
privacy regulations throughout the APEC region.
• 22]
19. • In Australia, Trade is covered under Australian
Treasury Guidelines for electronic commerce,[19]
and the Australian Competition and Consumer
Commission[20] regulates and offers advice on how
to deal with businesses online,[21] and offers
specific advice on what happens if things go
wrong.[
20. • Also Australian government ecommerce website[23] provides
information on ecommerce in Australia.
• In the United Kingdom, The FSA (Financial Services
Authority)[24] is the competent authority for most aspects of
the Payment Services Directive (PSD). The UK implemented the
PSD through the Payment Services Regulations 2009 (PSRs),
which came into effect on 1 November 2009. The PSR affects
firms providing payment services and their customers. These
firms include banks, non-bank credit card issuers and non-bank
merchant acquirers, e-money issuers, etc. The PSRs created a
new class of regulated firms known as payment institutions
(PIs), who are subject to prudential requirements. Article 87 of
the PSD requires the European Commission to report on the
implementation and impact of the PSD by 1 November 2012
21. Forms
• Contemporary electronic commerce involves
everything from ordering "digital" content for
immediate online consumption, to ordering
conventional goods and services, to "meta"
services to facilitate other types of electronic
commerce.
• On the institutional level, big corporations and
financial institutions use the internet to exchange
financial data to facilitate domestic and
international business. Data integrity and security
are very hot and pressing issues for electronic
commerce.
22.
23. • In 2010, the United Kingdom had the biggest e-commerce
market in the world when measured by the amount spent
per capita, even higher than the USA. At the time, the
internet economy in the UK was expected to grow by 10%
between 2010 to 2015.[26]
• Amongst emerging economies, China's e-commerce presence
continues to expand. With 384 million internet users, China's
online shopping sales rose to $36.6 billion in 2009 and one of
the reasons behind the huge growth has been the improved
trust level for shoppers.
24. • The Chinese retailers have been able to help consumers feel
more comfortable shopping online.[27] eCommerce is also
expanding across the Middle East. Having recorded the
world’s fastest growth in internet usage between 2000 and
2009, the region is now home to more than 60 million
internet users. Retail, travel and gaming are the region’s
top eCommerce segments, in spite of difficulties such as the
lack of region-wide legal frameworks and logistical problems
in cross-border transportation.[28] E-Commerce has become
an important tool for businesses worldwide not only to sell
to customers but also to engage them.
25.
26. • Economists have theorized that e-commerce
ought to lead to intensified price competition, as
it increases consumers' ability to gather
information about products and prices. Research
by four economists at the University of Chicago
has found that the growth of online shopping has
also affected industry structure in two areas that
have seen significant growth in e-commerce,
bookshops and travel agencies.
27. • Generally, larger firms have grown at the expense
of smaller ones, as they are able to use
economies of scale and offer lower prices. The
lone exception to this pattern has been the very
smallest category of bookseller, shops with
between one and four employees, which appear
to have withstood the trend.
28.
29. • E-commerce has grown in importance as
companies have adopted Pure-Click and Brick and
Click channel systems. We can distinguish
between pure-click and brick and click channel
system adopted by companies.
30. • Pure-Click companies are those that have
launched a website without any previous
existence as a firm. It is imperative that such
companies must set up and operate their ecommerce websites very carefully. Customer
service is of paramount importance.
31. • Brick and Click companies are those existing
companies that have added an online site for ecommerce. Initially, Brick and Click companies
were skeptical whether or not to add an online ecommerce channel for fear that selling their
products might produce channel conflict with
their off-line retailers, agents, or their own
stores. However, they eventually added internet
to their distribution channel portfolio after seeing
how much business their online competitors were
generating.