2. What is drama?
Derives
from Greek >> draein
Meaning >> to do or to act
Imitating human action (mimesis),
involving plot, characters, action
(Aristotle)
Drama is any kind of acting
3. Inside Drama
Lead
us to the discovery and reflections about
personality, circumstances, desires, anxiety, hopes
and dreams
Sometimes contains about political and social issues
at the time
4. Drama vs Narrative
Drama
Acting, showing,
presenting
Addresseraddressee
‘I/we – you’
Characters are
dramatized
Narrative
Telling,
reporting,
representing
Address
‘s/he, they, it’
Characters are narrated
6. Elements of drama
Plot: The events in a play.
Setting: The time and place of a literary work.
Characters: People or creatures in a play.
Dialogue: Conversation in a play.
Theme: The central thought/idea of a play.
Scenery: The various elements that are used
to create a particular visual setting for a play.
Stage direction
Symbolism
Outstanding feature
9. 1. Tragedy
Tragic action, usually about tragic action of noble
people committing mistake and end up with
death after undergoing intense suffering.
All tragedies are finished with death (according
to Lord Byron)
Talks about grief, finality, associated with death
Characters: usually upper class characters, high
fame individual
10. Action:
serious and important, doing important
matter, done by people who count on (having
important role)
Men’s assumption of great mistake he had made,
suffers then die
Things cohere in tragedy >> hero usually does some
deed and suffers as a consequence
Example: Oedipus the King
11. Errors according to Aristotle
1.
2.
3.
4.
Hamartia (errors) >> makes great mistakes and
suffers much
Hybris (bullying, abuse of power)
Peripeteia (reversal) >> when the action happens
unintended
Anagnorisis (recognition, discovery) >> clearing up
something by revealing some unknown facts
12. 2. Comedy
Dramatic
form
Dramatized some absurdity of human
nature but not destructive of self or others
No great disaster will occur, turns out
happily for the chief character
Ended by marriage (according to Lord
Byron)
It is about joy and celebration of new life
>> marriage, reunion
13. Characters:
lowborn persons
Action: done by unimportant laughable person,
who makes mistake that do not cause us pain
Exposes stupid action and renewal
Shakespeare’s Midsummer Night’s Dream
14. Kinds of Dramatic Comedy
Romantic
Comedy >> usually tells about love affair
went not as smooth as expected, but finally ends
happily.
Shakespeare’s As You Like It
Satiric Comedy >> mocks political issues or
philosophical doctrines by making ridiculous the
violators of its standards of morals or matters.
Aristophanes’ The Alchemist
15. Kinds of Dramatic Comedy
The
Comedy of Manners >> form of comedy that
reflects the life, ideals and manner of social class
society.
Shakespeare's Much Ado About Nothing
Farce : form of Dramatic comedy which entertains
audience without any intentions or hidden agenda;
seek out fun for fun’s sake. Example: Charlie
Chaplin, Woody Allen
16. 3. Tragicomedy
Presented
serious action through a tragic
disaster to protagonist and added
reversal condition which ends happily
Combination of characters and plot of
tragedy and comedy
Plays with double plots; one serious and
one comic
