The document discusses critical infrastructure protection (CIP) in Switzerland. It provides examples of past critical infrastructure failures and outlines Switzerland's CIP concept and strategy. The strategy aims to improve cross-sectoral collaboration, identify critical infrastructure, enhance information sharing, guide resilience efforts, and coordinate response to failures. It seeks to make CIP a continuous process of assessing risk, developing protection plans, and engaging in risk dialogue. The strategy is updated periodically to institutionalize relevant tasks and create legal foundations for CIP coordination and support.

1. Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Massive CI Failures
Selected Examples
6th OECD Strategic Crisis Management Workshop
Geneva, June 12, 2017
Dr. Stefan BREM
Deputy Head of Policy Division
Head of Unit, Risk Analysis and Research Coordination
Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport

2. 2Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Disaster risk management:
Getting better prepared for the next disaster
Incident
Disturbance
t
Building back (‘better’)
Rescue effort
Today’s living
standard

3. 3Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
New approaches on critical infrastructures?

4. 4Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Critical Infrastructure Protection CIP
CIP concept in Switzerland
RISK
RISK
TECHNICAL
HAZARDS
INTERVENTION
Public Administration
Industry
Energy
Waste Disposal
Financial Services
Health
ICT
Water and Food
Public Safety
Transport
Preventing breakdowns
Reducing damages

5. 5Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Events related to CIP in Switzerland (selection)
2003: Power blackout in Italy due to an incident in the
Swiss alps
2005: Complete breakdown of rail services in
Switzerland
2006: Closure of the Gotthard motorway after
massive rock slide
2009: Closure of stock exchange due to ICT problem
2010: Closure of the European air space after
volcanic eruption in Iceland

6. 6Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Mandate by the Federal Council
• Implementation of the national CIP strategy 2012
Role of the Federal Office for Civil Protection
 Chairing the CIP Working Group
 Coordination of the activities based
on the national strategy
Aim and purpose of the CIP Programme
• Development of uniform approach
• Creation of joint basic documents
• Facilitation of dialogue and collaboration
 Protection of the population and its livelihood
(Art. 2, Federal Civil Protection and Civil Defence Law)
CIP Programme in Switzerland

7. 7Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Development of the Swiss CIP Programme
1st mandate by FC
2005
1st report to the FC
2007
2nd report to the FC
and basic strategy
2009
CIP strategy
2012
Review of
CIP and NCS
strategies
2016
Implementation
Cyber risk strategy
(NCS)
2012
FC: Federal Council (Swiss Federal Cabinet)
 16 measures
 15 measures

8. 8Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Resilience in the context of the CIP strategy
Four components of resiliency
1. Robustness of the systems
(CI, state, economy, and society)
2. Availability of redundancies
3. Ability to mobilize effective relief efforts
4. Speed and efficiency of relief efforts
Resilience refers to the ability of a system, an
organization, or a society to withstand internal or
external disruptions [robustness] and to maintain
functionality as far as possible [adaptation], or,
failing that, to re-attain it [regeneration].

9. 9Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Measures of the National CIP Strategy
• Provide a general framework to improve
cross-sectoral collaboration
• Key points of the strategy
 Identification and compilation of CI objects
(CI-Inventory)
 Improving information exchange (incl. risk
analysis and early warning)
 Guideline to improve CI’s resilience
 Handling of CI failures (federal support)
• CIP as a permanent process
(inventory, comprehensive protection
concepts, risk dialogue, etc.)

10. 10Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Update of national CIP strategy
Baseline: No fundamental changes
expected, institutionalisation of relevant
(already existing) tasks, creation of
explicit legal foundations:
 Article on federal law:
• Foundations (methodology, tools, etc.)
• Inventory (new database, exchange, etc.)
• Intervention plans on all levels (support task)
 Periodical meetings with national CI operators,
federal and cantonal authorities, regulators,
security and intelligence agencies
 Improving warning and alert of CI operators
 Continuously improving the resilience of the
critical infrastructure

11. 11Federal Office for Civil Protection FOCP
Support by CIP Programme
to CI Operators and Cantons
• Excerpts from CI-Inventory (classified)
• Guideline (and other tools) on
comprehensive protection concept
• Information exchange
federal level – Cantons – CI operators
• Methodical support in CIP context
(criticality assessment, hazard catalogue,
hazard files, etc.)
• Support in CIP-related aspects (risk & vulnerability
assessments, scenarios, contacts to federal offices
and international partners, etc.)