Impact of the Boar on Herd Fertility - Dr. Michael Dyck, University of Alberta, from the 2012 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 15-18, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
Technological options and approaches to improve smallholder access to desirab...ILRI
Poster prepared by Azage Tegegne, Awet Estifanos, Asrat Tera and Dirk Hoekstra for Tropentag 2012: Resilience of Agricultural Systems against Crises, Gottingen, Germany, 19-21 September 2012.
This document summarizes a presentation on breeding systems for sheep and goats. It discusses purebreeding, inbreeding/linebreeding, outcrossing, crossbreeding, and heterosis. Specific breeding systems covered include two-breed crosses, rotational crosses, and terminal crosses. Advantages of crossbreeding include hybrid vigor, utilizing complementarity between breeds, and producing a uniform product. The document provides examples of historic sheep and goat breeds and influential breeders like Robert Bakewell.
The document provides information on selection procedures for meat goat breeding programs. It discusses different goals that goat breeders may have, such as meat production, brush control, or hobby/show purposes. It emphasizes that selection criteria should match the breeder's goals. The document then discusses various selection criteria including visual appraisal, pedigree, and performance data. It provides examples of performance testing including 90-day standardized weaning weights. Central buck performance tests and on-farm performance testing are described. Record keeping is emphasized as important for genetic evaluation and improvement. Long-term doe retention and reproductive rates are highlighted as major determinants of profitability in meat goat operations.
This document provides an overview of genetic selection in beef cattle. It discusses basic genetic concepts such as single gene action, multiple gene interactions, and how these relate to phenotypic and genotypic relationships. The principles of selection and various selection methods are covered, including visual selection, weight ratios, and BREEDPLAN estimated breeding values (EBVs). The benefits of performance recording using BREEDPLAN for genetic improvement are also summarized.
Jennifer Patterson - Improving Efficiencies of Replacement Gilt ManagementJohn Blue
Improving Efficiencies of Replacement Gilt Management - Jennifer Patterson, from the 2018 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 15-18, 2018, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2018-leman-swine-conference-material
Research Program Genetic Gains (RPGG) Review Meeting 2021: From Discovery to ...ICRISAT
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is the second most widely grown legume crop after soybean, accounting for a substantial proportion of human dietary nitrogen intake and playing a crucial role in food security in developing countries. We report the∼ 738-Mb draft whole genome shotgun sequence of CDC Frontier, a kabuli chickpea variety, which contains an estimated 28,269 genes. Resequencing and analysis of 90 cultivated and wild genotypes from ten countries identifies targets of both breeding-associated genetic sweeps and breeding-associated balancing selection. Candidate genes for disease resistance and agronomic traits are highlighted, including traits that distinguish the two main market classes of cultivated chickpea—desi and kabuli.
Jenny Patterson - Repeatability of Litter Size in the Sow Population John Blue
Repeatability of Litter Size in the Sow Population - Jenny Patterson, University of Alberta, from the 2012 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 15-18, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2012-leman-swine-conference-material
Technological options and approaches to improve smallholder access to desirab...ILRI
Poster prepared by Azage Tegegne, Awet Estifanos, Asrat Tera and Dirk Hoekstra for Tropentag 2012: Resilience of Agricultural Systems against Crises, Gottingen, Germany, 19-21 September 2012.
This document summarizes a presentation on breeding systems for sheep and goats. It discusses purebreeding, inbreeding/linebreeding, outcrossing, crossbreeding, and heterosis. Specific breeding systems covered include two-breed crosses, rotational crosses, and terminal crosses. Advantages of crossbreeding include hybrid vigor, utilizing complementarity between breeds, and producing a uniform product. The document provides examples of historic sheep and goat breeds and influential breeders like Robert Bakewell.
The document provides information on selection procedures for meat goat breeding programs. It discusses different goals that goat breeders may have, such as meat production, brush control, or hobby/show purposes. It emphasizes that selection criteria should match the breeder's goals. The document then discusses various selection criteria including visual appraisal, pedigree, and performance data. It provides examples of performance testing including 90-day standardized weaning weights. Central buck performance tests and on-farm performance testing are described. Record keeping is emphasized as important for genetic evaluation and improvement. Long-term doe retention and reproductive rates are highlighted as major determinants of profitability in meat goat operations.
This document provides an overview of genetic selection in beef cattle. It discusses basic genetic concepts such as single gene action, multiple gene interactions, and how these relate to phenotypic and genotypic relationships. The principles of selection and various selection methods are covered, including visual selection, weight ratios, and BREEDPLAN estimated breeding values (EBVs). The benefits of performance recording using BREEDPLAN for genetic improvement are also summarized.
Jennifer Patterson - Improving Efficiencies of Replacement Gilt ManagementJohn Blue
Improving Efficiencies of Replacement Gilt Management - Jennifer Patterson, from the 2018 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 15-18, 2018, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2018-leman-swine-conference-material
Research Program Genetic Gains (RPGG) Review Meeting 2021: From Discovery to ...ICRISAT
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) is the second most widely grown legume crop after soybean, accounting for a substantial proportion of human dietary nitrogen intake and playing a crucial role in food security in developing countries. We report the∼ 738-Mb draft whole genome shotgun sequence of CDC Frontier, a kabuli chickpea variety, which contains an estimated 28,269 genes. Resequencing and analysis of 90 cultivated and wild genotypes from ten countries identifies targets of both breeding-associated genetic sweeps and breeding-associated balancing selection. Candidate genes for disease resistance and agronomic traits are highlighted, including traits that distinguish the two main market classes of cultivated chickpea—desi and kabuli.
Jenny Patterson - Repeatability of Litter Size in the Sow Population John Blue
Repeatability of Litter Size in the Sow Population - Jenny Patterson, University of Alberta, from the 2012 Allen D. Leman Swine Conference, September 15-18, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2012-leman-swine-conference-material
Molecular tools in reproductive research document discusses:
1. Molecular tools like genomics, proteomics, and RNA interference can provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of fertility and infertility.
2. These tools allow understanding of genetic variation and provide methods to enhance fertility and improve diagnosis of fertility disorders.
3. The document discusses applications of genetic markers, genomics, proteomics, and RNA interference in studying reproductive processes in male and female animals as well as embryonic development.
Role of sperm index in embryo quality what to do - 17th iranian congressSandro Esteves
1) The document discusses sperm function and its contribution to embryo development, including morphology, DNA integrity, and various fertility markers beyond routine semen analysis.
2) Various techniques for improving sperm quality and health are reviewed, such as varicocele repair, antioxidant treatment, lifestyle modifications, and sperm selection methods like hyaluronic acid binding.
3) Studies on the effects of sperm quality on embryo development outcomes like fertilization rate, embryo cleavage and blastulation, as well as pregnancy rates are summarized.
Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Male InfertilitySandro Esteves
This document summarizes a presentation on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and male infertility. It discusses how SDF provides different information than routine semen analysis and is a better prognostic indicator. Elevated SDF is associated with infertility, poor assisted reproductive technology outcomes, and miscarriage. Several methods can assess SDF but differ in their ability to directly or indirectly measure damage. Lifestyle changes like reducing stress and smoking, treating underlying conditions, and using oral antioxidants can help lower SDF. Varicocele repair is also effective at reducing SDF levels in men with the condition.
The document discusses sperm DNA fragmentation, including its causes, types of DNA damage, effects on reproductive outcomes, diagnostic tests, and guidelines for clinical practice. Some of the key points covered include that sperm chromatin is highly compacted to fit in a small volume, leaving DNA vulnerable to damage; intrinsic factors like improper packaging and oxidative stress or extrinsic factors like smoking can cause DNA breaks; double stranded breaks are more serious than single breaks; and while tests exist, there is debate around their predictive power for outcomes like spontaneous pregnancy.
Molecular cytogenetics involves combining molecular biology techniques with cytogenetics. This document discusses several molecular cytogenetic techniques including karyotyping, FISH, CGH, and SKY. Karyotyping allows visualization of whole chromosome sets but cannot detect small structural abnormalities. FISH uses fluorescent probes to detect specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. CGH analyzes copy number variations by comparing test and reference DNA samples hybridized to probes. SKY simultaneously visualizes all chromosome pairs in different colors, making abnormalities easy to identify. These techniques are useful for detecting chromosomal abnormalities that can cause genetic disorders and economic losses if spread within animal populations. Preventing the dissemination of abnormalities through genetic testing is important.
This document discusses objective biochemical markers of sperm maturity and function, specifically relating sperm maturity to fertility and membrane properties. It summarizes several studies that found only sperm that had completed cytoplasmic extrusion and plasma membrane remodeling were able to bind to the zona pellucida. The document also reviews several biomarkers used to study sperm fields pairs treated in semen and hyaluronic acid-selected sperm fractions. Specifically, it finds hyaluronic acid-selected sperm have excellent viability, no surplus cytoplasmic content, normal morphology, no persistent histones or DNA fragmentation, and normal frequency of chromosomal aneuploidies.
This is the 5th and final presentation in a 5-part webinar series on Breeding Better Sheep & Goats. The presenter is Susan Schoenian, University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist.
Resource use efficiency in livestock: Bridging the biotechnology-livestock pr...ExternalEvents
Resource use efficiency in livestock: Bridging the biotechnology-livestock productivity gap in East Africa presentation by Denis Mujibi, Nelson Mandela African Institute for Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
Genomic selection changing Breeding programe around the world, talk consist of concept of Breeding, breeding value, Genomic breeding value, Genotype imputation, male calf procurement on basis of GEBV under SAG PT Project and 1000 bull genome project.
This document provides tips for improving lambing and kidding percentages through management, genetics, and selection. It discusses establishing benchmarks for lambing/kidding percentages on your farm and compares typical percentages to benchmarks. The key factors that affect lambing/kidding percentages are fertility, litter size, and survival from birth through weaning and beyond. Management practices, genetics, nutrition, and selection can all be used to improve percentages.
Jassar Farms is a project in Pakistan that aims to empower rural farmers through dairy farming. It operates a semen processing unit that produces high quality semen from world-class genetics for artificial insemination of local cows and buffaloes. This improves milk yields by 200-300%. The farm also has a dairy division with over 375 crossbred animals that demonstrate the genetic gains. The income from an F1 cow can be 2-3 times more than local breeds. The goal is to make quality genetics accessible to small farmers and uplift their livelihoods on an economically sustainable model.
This document discusses the value of estimated breeding values (EBVs) for genetic improvement in the US meat goat industry. It explains that EBVs quantify an animal's genetic merit for economically important traits based on their own performance data as well as data from relatives. The accuracy of EBVs depends on contemporary groups, genetic connections between animals, and the amount of data collected. The National Sheep Improvement Program (NSIP) currently provides EBVs for a few meat goat herds in the US through its Kidplan program. Producers can benefit from EBVs by selecting breeding stock with above average EBVs for important traits.
Dr. De Vries discusses how to find the value in genomic testing – and which situations it may be valuable in – as well as how some reproductive program decisions can affect profitability.
Find the full presentation on YouTube at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VnTovy_gUQA
Olav Jamtøy is the CEO of Life Sciences Enterprice, which has been utilizing DNA technology in commercial fish breeding programs since 1996. The company operates breeding programs for Atlantic salmon and tilapia, selecting for traits like growth, fillet yield, and disease resistance. GenoMar has developed GenoMar Supreme Tilapia (GST), their premium tilapia strain, through over 22 generations of selective breeding. GST shows improved growth performance over time in commercial operations in Asia, requiring fewer days to reach market size. GenoMar partners with farmers in their tilapia value chain through broodstock sales, hatchery and nursery operations, and processing to offer a traceable and sustainable til
This document discusses crossbreeding Katahdin sheep with other breeds to improve productivity. It describes how crossbreeding combines genes from different breeds, creating hybrid vigor or heterosis that results in crossbred offspring performing better than the average of their purebred parents. Traits like reproduction, disease resistance and longevity benefit the most from heterosis. Crossbreeding can also take advantage of breed complementarity, combining strengths from different breeds. The document examines research on crossing Katahdins with breeds like Suffolk, Texel, and Dorper to improve growth rates and carcass traits while maintaining parasite resistance. It emphasizes that crossbreeding requires a systematic approach to pairing breeds with complementary traits to achieve production goals.
This document discusses ways to genetically improve sheep through breeding by defining desirable traits, examining the interplay between genetics and environment, and outlining methods like crossbreeding, selection, performance testing, and using expected progeny differences (EPDs). It explains that the goal of "better" depends on the purpose of raising sheep (meat, wool, etc.) and discusses traits' heritability and how selection, environment, and testing can be used to progress desirable qualities over generations.
This PowerPoint is from a seminar originally presented at the 2010 Maryland Sheep & Wool Festival by Susan Schoenian, Sheep & Goat Specialist for University of Maryland Extension.
Potential and Pitfalls for Genomic Selection- Chad DechowDAIReXNET
Dr. Chad Dechow presented this information for DAIReXNET on Monday, January 14, 2013. For more information, please see our archived webinars page at www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars.
Management Decisions to Improve Profitiabilty of Cow HerdKeith Martin
This document discusses low-input methods for improving cattle returns given higher input costs. It suggests evaluating personal and financial goals and available resources, and focusing on reducing costs per pound of calf and gain. Specific low-cost recommendations include basic herd health practices, matching cow size to forage quality, supplementing poor forages strategically, and managing pastures and grazing. The effects of fescue endophyte and benefits of novel varieties are also covered.
This is the second presentation from a six part webinar series on the National Sheep Improvement Program (NSIP). The presenter is Dr. Ken Andries from Kentucky State University. The date of the presentation was May 8, 2014.
Womens group-based pullet supply business development in selected kebeles of ...ILRI
Presented by Kettema Yilma , Azage Tegegene, Lemlem Aregu , Dirk Hoektra, Tesfaye Lema and Mulugea Yigzaw at the 11th regional conference of Southern and Eastern African Association for Farming research-Extensions (SEAAFSRE) South Africa, 19-21 November 2012
This document provides an overview of domestic livestock species including cattle, poultry, swine, sheep, and horses. It discusses the terminology used in the livestock industries and details the different phases of beef and dairy cattle production as well as trends in the poultry industry. Key points covered include the species of cattle, traits selected for in beef and dairy breeds, growth and marketing stages for beef cattle, and the vertically integrated nature of modern poultry production.
Molecular tools in reproductive research document discusses:
1. Molecular tools like genomics, proteomics, and RNA interference can provide insights into the underlying mechanisms of fertility and infertility.
2. These tools allow understanding of genetic variation and provide methods to enhance fertility and improve diagnosis of fertility disorders.
3. The document discusses applications of genetic markers, genomics, proteomics, and RNA interference in studying reproductive processes in male and female animals as well as embryonic development.
Role of sperm index in embryo quality what to do - 17th iranian congressSandro Esteves
1) The document discusses sperm function and its contribution to embryo development, including morphology, DNA integrity, and various fertility markers beyond routine semen analysis.
2) Various techniques for improving sperm quality and health are reviewed, such as varicocele repair, antioxidant treatment, lifestyle modifications, and sperm selection methods like hyaluronic acid binding.
3) Studies on the effects of sperm quality on embryo development outcomes like fertilization rate, embryo cleavage and blastulation, as well as pregnancy rates are summarized.
Sperm DNA Fragmentation in Male InfertilitySandro Esteves
This document summarizes a presentation on sperm DNA fragmentation (SDF) and male infertility. It discusses how SDF provides different information than routine semen analysis and is a better prognostic indicator. Elevated SDF is associated with infertility, poor assisted reproductive technology outcomes, and miscarriage. Several methods can assess SDF but differ in their ability to directly or indirectly measure damage. Lifestyle changes like reducing stress and smoking, treating underlying conditions, and using oral antioxidants can help lower SDF. Varicocele repair is also effective at reducing SDF levels in men with the condition.
The document discusses sperm DNA fragmentation, including its causes, types of DNA damage, effects on reproductive outcomes, diagnostic tests, and guidelines for clinical practice. Some of the key points covered include that sperm chromatin is highly compacted to fit in a small volume, leaving DNA vulnerable to damage; intrinsic factors like improper packaging and oxidative stress or extrinsic factors like smoking can cause DNA breaks; double stranded breaks are more serious than single breaks; and while tests exist, there is debate around their predictive power for outcomes like spontaneous pregnancy.
Molecular cytogenetics involves combining molecular biology techniques with cytogenetics. This document discusses several molecular cytogenetic techniques including karyotyping, FISH, CGH, and SKY. Karyotyping allows visualization of whole chromosome sets but cannot detect small structural abnormalities. FISH uses fluorescent probes to detect specific DNA sequences on chromosomes. CGH analyzes copy number variations by comparing test and reference DNA samples hybridized to probes. SKY simultaneously visualizes all chromosome pairs in different colors, making abnormalities easy to identify. These techniques are useful for detecting chromosomal abnormalities that can cause genetic disorders and economic losses if spread within animal populations. Preventing the dissemination of abnormalities through genetic testing is important.
This document discusses objective biochemical markers of sperm maturity and function, specifically relating sperm maturity to fertility and membrane properties. It summarizes several studies that found only sperm that had completed cytoplasmic extrusion and plasma membrane remodeling were able to bind to the zona pellucida. The document also reviews several biomarkers used to study sperm fields pairs treated in semen and hyaluronic acid-selected sperm fractions. Specifically, it finds hyaluronic acid-selected sperm have excellent viability, no surplus cytoplasmic content, normal morphology, no persistent histones or DNA fragmentation, and normal frequency of chromosomal aneuploidies.
This is the 5th and final presentation in a 5-part webinar series on Breeding Better Sheep & Goats. The presenter is Susan Schoenian, University of Maryland Extension Sheep & Goat Specialist.
Resource use efficiency in livestock: Bridging the biotechnology-livestock pr...ExternalEvents
Resource use efficiency in livestock: Bridging the biotechnology-livestock productivity gap in East Africa presentation by Denis Mujibi, Nelson Mandela African Institute for Science and Technology, Arusha, Tanzania
Genomic selection changing Breeding programe around the world, talk consist of concept of Breeding, breeding value, Genomic breeding value, Genotype imputation, male calf procurement on basis of GEBV under SAG PT Project and 1000 bull genome project.
This document provides tips for improving lambing and kidding percentages through management, genetics, and selection. It discusses establishing benchmarks for lambing/kidding percentages on your farm and compares typical percentages to benchmarks. The key factors that affect lambing/kidding percentages are fertility, litter size, and survival from birth through weaning and beyond. Management practices, genetics, nutrition, and selection can all be used to improve percentages.
Jassar Farms is a project in Pakistan that aims to empower rural farmers through dairy farming. It operates a semen processing unit that produces high quality semen from world-class genetics for artificial insemination of local cows and buffaloes. This improves milk yields by 200-300%. The farm also has a dairy division with over 375 crossbred animals that demonstrate the genetic gains. The income from an F1 cow can be 2-3 times more than local breeds. The goal is to make quality genetics accessible to small farmers and uplift their livelihoods on an economically sustainable model.
This document discusses the value of estimated breeding values (EBVs) for genetic improvement in the US meat goat industry. It explains that EBVs quantify an animal's genetic merit for economically important traits based on their own performance data as well as data from relatives. The accuracy of EBVs depends on contemporary groups, genetic connections between animals, and the amount of data collected. The National Sheep Improvement Program (NSIP) currently provides EBVs for a few meat goat herds in the US through its Kidplan program. Producers can benefit from EBVs by selecting breeding stock with above average EBVs for important traits.
Dr. De Vries discusses how to find the value in genomic testing – and which situations it may be valuable in – as well as how some reproductive program decisions can affect profitability.
Find the full presentation on YouTube at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VnTovy_gUQA
Olav Jamtøy is the CEO of Life Sciences Enterprice, which has been utilizing DNA technology in commercial fish breeding programs since 1996. The company operates breeding programs for Atlantic salmon and tilapia, selecting for traits like growth, fillet yield, and disease resistance. GenoMar has developed GenoMar Supreme Tilapia (GST), their premium tilapia strain, through over 22 generations of selective breeding. GST shows improved growth performance over time in commercial operations in Asia, requiring fewer days to reach market size. GenoMar partners with farmers in their tilapia value chain through broodstock sales, hatchery and nursery operations, and processing to offer a traceable and sustainable til
This document discusses crossbreeding Katahdin sheep with other breeds to improve productivity. It describes how crossbreeding combines genes from different breeds, creating hybrid vigor or heterosis that results in crossbred offspring performing better than the average of their purebred parents. Traits like reproduction, disease resistance and longevity benefit the most from heterosis. Crossbreeding can also take advantage of breed complementarity, combining strengths from different breeds. The document examines research on crossing Katahdins with breeds like Suffolk, Texel, and Dorper to improve growth rates and carcass traits while maintaining parasite resistance. It emphasizes that crossbreeding requires a systematic approach to pairing breeds with complementary traits to achieve production goals.
This document discusses ways to genetically improve sheep through breeding by defining desirable traits, examining the interplay between genetics and environment, and outlining methods like crossbreeding, selection, performance testing, and using expected progeny differences (EPDs). It explains that the goal of "better" depends on the purpose of raising sheep (meat, wool, etc.) and discusses traits' heritability and how selection, environment, and testing can be used to progress desirable qualities over generations.
This PowerPoint is from a seminar originally presented at the 2010 Maryland Sheep & Wool Festival by Susan Schoenian, Sheep & Goat Specialist for University of Maryland Extension.
Potential and Pitfalls for Genomic Selection- Chad DechowDAIReXNET
Dr. Chad Dechow presented this information for DAIReXNET on Monday, January 14, 2013. For more information, please see our archived webinars page at www.extension.org/pages/15830/archived-dairy-cattle-webinars.
Management Decisions to Improve Profitiabilty of Cow HerdKeith Martin
This document discusses low-input methods for improving cattle returns given higher input costs. It suggests evaluating personal and financial goals and available resources, and focusing on reducing costs per pound of calf and gain. Specific low-cost recommendations include basic herd health practices, matching cow size to forage quality, supplementing poor forages strategically, and managing pastures and grazing. The effects of fescue endophyte and benefits of novel varieties are also covered.
This is the second presentation from a six part webinar series on the National Sheep Improvement Program (NSIP). The presenter is Dr. Ken Andries from Kentucky State University. The date of the presentation was May 8, 2014.
Womens group-based pullet supply business development in selected kebeles of ...ILRI
Presented by Kettema Yilma , Azage Tegegene, Lemlem Aregu , Dirk Hoektra, Tesfaye Lema and Mulugea Yigzaw at the 11th regional conference of Southern and Eastern African Association for Farming research-Extensions (SEAAFSRE) South Africa, 19-21 November 2012
This document provides an overview of domestic livestock species including cattle, poultry, swine, sheep, and horses. It discusses the terminology used in the livestock industries and details the different phases of beef and dairy cattle production as well as trends in the poultry industry. Key points covered include the species of cattle, traits selected for in beef and dairy breeds, growth and marketing stages for beef cattle, and the vertically integrated nature of modern poultry production.
Dr. Barry Kerkaert - Applying Research to Decision Making to Maximize Returns...John Blue
Applying Research to Decision Making to Maximize Returns at Pipestone - Dr. Barry R. Kerkaert, Director of Grow Finish Management, Pipestone Vet Clinic, from the 2012 Boehringer Ingelheim Swine Health Seminar, August 9-11, 2012, Wrightsville Beach, NC, USA.
More presentations at http://www.swinecast.com/2012-boehringer-ingelheim-carolina-swine-health-seminar
Genomics is the study of an organism's entire genetic makeup. New genomic technologies allow cattle producers to select for economically important traits like growth rate, feed efficiency, and disease resistance. The beef industry is interested in using these tools to improve breed performance and validate superior cattle through traits like growth, carcass quality, and animal welfare. Genomic data could be integrated with performance records to enhance selection accuracy and identify new traits of economic value.
Jordan Hoewischer - OACI Farmer Certification ProgramJohn Blue
OACI Farmer Certification Program - Jordan Hoewischer, Ohio Farm Bureau, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Fred Yoder - No-till and Climate Change: Fact, Fiction, and IgnoranceJohn Blue
No-till and Climate Change: Fact, Fiction, and Ignorance - Fred Yoder, Former President, National Corn Growers Association, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. John Grove - Fifty Years Of No-till Research In KentuckyJohn Blue
Long-term no-till research can provide valuable insights into crop production over many seasons. This research found that no-till soils generally had higher yields than tilled soils over time. No-till soils had cooler temperatures, held more water after rain, and had different soil biological properties and nutrient stratification compared to tilled soils. The impacts of no-till and fertilizer nitrogen on soil organic carbon and crop yields changed over the 50 years of the study.
Dr. Warren Dick - Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962John Blue
Pioneering No-till Research Since 1962 - Dr. Warren Dick, OSU-OARDC (retired), from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Christine Sprunger - The role that roots play in building soil organic ma...John Blue
The role that roots play in building soil organic matter and soil health - Dr. Christine Sprunger, OSU - SENR, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Leonardo Deiss - Stratification, the Role of Roots, and Yield Trends afte...John Blue
Stratification, the Role of Roots, and Yield Trends after 60 years of No-till - Dr. Leonardo Deiss, OSU, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Steve Culman - No-Till Yield Data AnalysisJohn Blue
No-Till Yield Data Analysis - Dr. Steve Culman, OSU Soil Fertility Extension Specialist, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Alan Sundermeier and Dr. Vinayak Shedekar - Soil biological Response to BMPs John Blue
This document summarizes the results of soil health tests conducted on five fields with different tillage and cover cropping histories. Biological, chemical, and physical soil health indicators such as microbial biomass, soil organic matter, active carbon, and bulk density showed improved soil health in fields that were no-tilled or had cover crops for longer durations compared to conventionally tilled fields or fields with shorter cover cropping histories. Long-term no-till and cover cropping practices increased soil organic matter, microbial activity, and nutrient availability and decreased bulk density compared to conventional tillage systems.
Dr. Curtis Young - Attracting And Protecting PollinatorsJohn Blue
Attracting And Protecting Pollinators - Dr. Curtis Young, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Sarah Noggle - Cover Crop Decision Tool SelectorJohn Blue
Cover Crop Decision Tool Selector - Sarah Noggle, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Hemp Regulations - Jim Belt, ODA, Head of Hemp for Ohio, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
John Barker - UAVs: Where Are We And What's NextJohn Blue
UAVs: Where Are We And What's Next - John Barker, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Rajbir Bajwa - Medical uses of MarijuanaJohn Blue
Medical uses of Marijuana - Dr. Rajbir Bajwa, Coordinator of legal medical marijuana sales, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Jeff Stachler - Setting up a Corn and Soybean Herbicide Program with Cove...John Blue
Setting up a Corn and Soybean Herbicide Program with Cover Crops - Dr. Jeff Stachler, OSU Extension, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Chad Penn - Developing A New Approach To Soil Phosphorus Testing And Reco...John Blue
Developing A New Approach To Soil Phosphorus Testing And Recommendations - Dr. Chad Penn, USDA-ARS, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Jim Hoorman - Dealing with Cover Crops after Preventative PlantingJohn Blue
Dealing with Cover Crops after Preventative Planting - Jim Hoorman, Hoorman Soil Health Services, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Sjoerd Duiker - Dealing with Poor Soil Structure and Soil Compaction John Blue
Dealing with Poor Soil Structure and Soil Compaction - Dr. Sjoerd Duiker, Extension Agronomist, Penn State University, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Christine Brown - Canadian Livestock Producers Efforts to Improve Water QualityJohn Blue
Canadian Livestock Producers Efforts to Improve Water Quality - Christine Brown, Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
Dr. Lee Briese - Details Matter (includes details about soil, equipment, cove...John Blue
Details Matter (includes details about soil, equipment, cover crops...) - Dr. Lee Briese, North Dakota, 2017 International Crop Adviser of the Year, from the 2020 Conservation Tillage and Technology Conference, held March 3-4, 2020, Ada, OH, USA.
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Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on Investing in AI for ABS Alu...Herman Kienhuis
Presentation by Herman Kienhuis (Curiosity VC) on developments in AI, the venture capital investment landscape and Curiosity VC's approach to investing, at the alumni event of Amsterdam Business School (University of Amsterdam) on June 13, 2024 in Amsterdam.
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Dr. Michael Dyck - Impact of the Boar on Herd Fertility
1. Impact of the boar on herd fertility
Michael Dyck
George Foxcroft, Jenny Patterson and Amanda Minton
Leman - Reproduction Workshop
Sept 15, 2012
2. Not all boars are created
equal……
A single sperm is half a
pig …………it probably
requires < 1 thousand
sperm at the site of
fertilization to produce
a litter….
3. Assessing Boar Fertility
Reproductive Performance
– Despite “rigorous” semen evaluation, certain boars
do not have the same reproductive performance
– Routine semen evaluation standards (> 70% motility
& < 30% abnormal sperm) detect male reproductive
disorders…..
…… but do not predict relative fertility among
“acceptable”, healthy sires
(Flowers et al. 1997; Alm et al. 2006; Ruiz-Sanchez et al. 2006)
4. Litter Size Data for 31 Boars
(minimum of 50 matings/boar)
Tony Chandrauk - Personal Communication
5. Not all boars are created equal!
What is stopping us from achieving major gains in
1. An inability to determine relative fertility of boars
with high genetic merit when used with low numbers
of sperm per AI dose.
2. Use of pooled semen from boars with different, but
largely unknown, “relative” fertility.
3. Limited application of advanced AI technologies with
semen from superior boars
6. Limitations of using Pooled Semen
Certain boars have lower fertility if numbers of sperm
per AI dose are reduced (say < 2 billion)
Therefore, “diluting” sperm numbers of more fertile
boars within a pool with sperm from boars that
produce few offspring at lower sperm doses is an
ineffective strategy when trying to maximize the
impact of AI
7. Limitations of using pooled semen
Use of pooled semen breaks the link
between known genetic value of
individual boars and the paternity of
progeny produced.
8. Genetic Gains from AI?
• Short-term Gains
(Pork Storks, Australia)
– Use fewer superior
boars siring slaughter
pigs
Nucleus • Long-term Gains
Multiplier
– Reduced “genetic-lag” in
Sow Herd
nucleus-multiplier-
Slaughter
commercial pyramid
(John R. Cosgrove, Banff Pork Seminar, 1996)
9. How improve a litter’s value?
A high indexing terminal boar
passes these traits on to his progeny.
1. Better feed conversion
2. Fewer days to market
3. Decreased mortality
Increase $$ per pig produced
(Williams, SBMW 2011)
10. On-going Studies:
Large scale field studies:
•Boar fertility evaluated with “low” semen doses
⁻ 2 billion sperm/AI dose
⁻ Minimum of 50 AI matings
•All boars genotyped for Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms
⁻ Porcine SNP60 BeadChip (Illumina Inc., USA) to assess 62,163
SNPs per animal
•Proteomic analysis of seminal plasma
⁻ Seminal plasma protein profiles for boars with “High” & “Low”
fertility assessed by 2D electrophoresis
11. Steps for Improved AI programs
1. Identify boars with acceptable fertility
• Characterize boar fertility using Single-Sire matings
2. Eliminate boars with for limited reproductive
capacity at lower sperm doses (2 billion)
3. Use boars with proven fertility at lower sperm
doses (1 - 1.5 billion) for PC-AI
4. Retain boars with the highest EBVs for
producing commercial progeny
12. Collaborative Trial
• Holden Farms & University of Alberta
• Objective: Decrease semen concentration per AI dose
to improve the use of genetically superior boars
Phases of the trial:
1. Prove boars at entry with single-sire matings (SSM)
at 2B viable cells using multiple doses
2. Move whole system to 2B viable cells
3. Move to 1B viable cells using PCAI
13. Moving towards more efficient and
2 Billion improved AI ......
Characterize boar .......Evaluating the true potential of
fertility using
single-sire AI. a boar
• 50 Single sire matings per boar at a
concentration of 2 Billion sperm
• Production characteristics measured:
- Pregnancy & farrowing rate
- Litter size (total and alive)
Single sire
Multiple breedings,
standard AI
16. Unproven boars Proven fertile boars
2 Billion 2 Billion
Characterize boar
fertility using
Removals due to
10-15%
single-sire AI.
low production &
33% overall value.
Single sire Single sire
Multiple breedings, Multiple breedings,
standard AI standard AI
17. Unproven boars Proven fertile boars
2 Billion 2 Billion 1 Billion
Characterize boar Removals due to Removals
fertility using low production & primarily due to
single-sire AI. overall value. overall value.
33% 33%
Single sire Single sire Single sire
Multiple breedings, Multiple breedings, PCAI and/or Fixed
standard AI standard AI Time Insemination
18. Factors contributing to the value of the boar
EBV Farrowing
Rate
Pigs
NPD
Produced
Litter
Size
NPD
Others?
(survivability)
19. Contribution Index (CI)
Value of pigs produced (estimated per 100 sows)
= Farrow rate * Born Alive * Index * Value (7¢/index point)
29. Key Message
Strategically use genetically
superior boars
Semen concentration
Number boars needed
Genetic index
$0.80 to $1.31 per pig
(Williams, 2011)