Dorothea Orem's Self-Care Theory has three sub-theories: self-care theory, self-care deficit theory, and nursing systems theory. Self-care theory focuses on an individual's ability to care for themselves through self-care agency and meeting universal, developmental, and health-deviation self-care requisites. Basic conditioning factors influence self-care agency. The three categories of self-care requisites address common, developmental, and illness-related needs.

1. DOROTHEA OREM’s SELF-CARE THEORY

2. THREE SUB THEORIES Self Care Theory Self Care Deficit Theory Nursing Systems Theory

3. Self Care Theory Self-Care The practice of activities that individuals personally initiate and perform on their own behalf in maintaining health, life, and well-being.

4. When self-care is effectively performed, it helps to maintain structural integrity and human functioning, and it contributes to human development

5. Self Care Theory Self-care agency - complex acquired ability to meet one’s continuing requirements for care that regulates life processes; maintains integrity of human structure, functioning and development and promotes well being (Orem,1991) Basic conditioning factors that affect an individual’s ability to engage in self-care: age gender developmental state health state sociocultural orientation family system factors resource adequacy and availability

6. Self Care Theory Self-Care Requisites - actions or measures used to provide self care Three Categories: Universal self-care requisites Developmental self-care requisites Health-deviation self-care requisites

7. Self-Care Requisites Universal self-care requisites - common to all individual Sufficient intake of air Sufficient intake of water Sufficient intake of food Satisfactory eliminative functions Activity balanced with rest Balanced time spent alone and with others Prevention of danger to self Being Normal

8. Self-Care Requisites Developmental self-care requisites Two Categories: Conditions that support life processes and promote specific developmental stages. Conditions affecting human development.

9. Developmental self-care requisites Conditions that support life processes and promote specific developmental stages. Intra-uterine life and birth Neonatal life Infancy Childhood Adolescence Adulthood Pregnancy

10. Developmental self-care requisites CONDITIONS AFFECTING HUMAN DEVELOPMENT Provision of care to prevent occurrence of deleterious effects of adverse conditions. Example: Provision of adequate rest and nutrition during pregnancy. Provision of care to prevent or overcome existing or potential deleterious effects of particular conditions or life events. - Educational deprivation - Social adaptation problem - Loss of significant others - Loss of possessions or job - Sudden change in living condition - Change in status (social/economic) - Poor health / disability - Terminal illness or expected death - Environmental hazards

11. Health-deviation self-care requisites Needs resulting from an illness, injury or its treatment

12. Health-deviation self-care requisites Six Categories: 1. Seeking and securing appropriate medical assistance 2. Being aware of and attending to the effects and results of pathologic conditions and states 3. Effectively carrying out medically prescribed diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative measures

13. Health-deviation self-care requisites 4. Being aware of and attending to or regulating the discomforting or deleterious effects of prescribed medical care measures 5. Modifying the self – concept in accepting oneself as being in a particular state of health and in need of specific forms of health care 6. Learning to live with the effects of pathologic conditions and states of medical diagnostic and treatment measures in a life-style that promotes continued personal development

14. REFERENCES: Anonuevo, C. Abaquin, C. et. al. (2000). Theoretical Foundations of Nursing. Philippines: UP Open University. http://www.associatedcontent.com/article/494735/selfcare_deficit_theory_pg2.html?cat=5