This document defines documentaries and outlines their key purposes and features. It discusses how documentaries aim to inform audiences about a topic using real footage or reconstructions. John Corner's theory that documentaries use recorded sound and images of actuality is also mentioned. The document then provides a brief history of documentaries, from the first being made in 1926 to their rise in popularity on television in the 1950s. Finally, it identifies different documentary types such as mixed, fully narrated, fly on the wall, and docudrama, and highlights examples of each.
“To be integrated is to feel secure, to feel connected.” The views and experi...AJHSSR Journal
ABSTRACT: Although a significant amount of literature exists on Morocco's migration policies and their
successes and failures since their implementation in 2014, there is limited research on the integration of subSaharan African children into schools. This paperis part of a Ph.D. research project that aims to fill this gap. It
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Morocco, exploring how integration is defined by the children themselves and identifying the obstacles that they
have encountered thus far. The following paper uses an inductive approach and primarily focuses on the
relationships of children with their teachers and peers as a key aspect of integration for students with a migration
background. The study has led to several crucial findings. It emphasizes the significance of speaking Colloquial
Moroccan Arabic (Darija) and being part of a community for effective integration. Moreover, it reveals that the
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partnerships. A case study design of the qualitative research method was used to achieve this objective. For the
study, one polytechnic college of Oromia regional state, and two industries were purposively selected. From the
sample polytechnic college and industries, a total of 17 sample respondents were selected. Out of 17
respondents, 10 respondents were selected using the snowball sampling method, and the rest 7 respondents were
selected using the purposive sampling technique. The qualitative data were collected through an in-depth
interview and document analysis. The data were analyzed using thematic approaches. The findings revealed that
TVET-industry partnerships were found weak. Lack of key stakeholder‟s awareness shortage of improved
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The Challenges of Good Governance and Project Implementation in Nigeria: A Re...AJHSSR Journal
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leadership recruitment processes, ethnic and regional politics, tribalism and mediocrity, poor planning, and
variation of project design have been the causative factors that undermine projects implementation in postindependence African states, particularly in Nigeria. The study, thus, argued that successive governments of
African states, using Nigeria as a case study, have been deeply engrossed in this obnoxious practice that has
undermined infrastructure sector development as well as enthroned impoverishment and mass poverty in these
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2. Definition/purpose/John Corner.
A documentary is a programme that’s
main purpose informs audiences over
a single topic.
The main purposes of a
documentary: It is a report,
with evidence, of something
that has actually happened,
shown by using actual
footage or reconstructions,
to inform and educate.
John Corner was a theorist on documentaries ‘a
documentary is recorded sound and images of actuality.’
means that it is real images with sound over the top of
it.
Documentaries main
purpose is to inform and
educate the audience
about that topic however
they also have to be
entertaining so the
audiences watch with
intent.
3. History.
The first documentaries
were presented in the
cinema because it was
during the 1920s where
cinema.
John Grierson was the first documenter and set
up his own production company called GPO
(General Public Office). Making films such as:
Coalface (1935),Industrial Britain, Housing
Problems. (1935), Nightmail (1936).
The first ever documentary
made was in 1926 called ‘Life on
the South Sea Island.’
At the close of the centery
people started to realise
that documentaries were
not 100% real as some of the
shots involving people were
staged.
Film makers argued that
documentaries cannot
be 100% real because
during observational
shots were people
change their behaviour
when a camera is put in
front of them.
It was only in the later
part of the 20th
century where
documentaries were
being put onto TV’s
after they gained
mainstream popularity
in the 1950s.
4. The 5 different features of Documentaries
Interviews. Interviews usually
consist of experts on topics that
are present in the documentary
sometimes with an observational
sequence that is linked to what the
interviewee is saying overlaying
the sound in an interview.
Observational sequences These
are shots of events that are
happening (usually staged) that
shows the audience things that are
happening that’s linked to the topic
surrounding the documentary.
Participants pretend that the
camera unseen, not making eye
contact with the camera so it has a
more realistic feel to the scene.
Mise-en-scene A phrase created by
the French that applies to everything in
the frame in TV and Film.
Documentaries are carefully composed
shots so they contain images that the
audience wants them to see
Exposition This is the line of
argument in a documentary and
presents the point of view from
one side through the way of
description combined with
commentary from the narrator.
Dramatization This is seen through
observational footage and is a scene in a
documentary that has been dramatized by a
director to reflect the real situation based off of
facts.
5. Types of Documentaries.
Mixed: Combined interviews, observational
sequences and narratives that are done in a
way that advance the topic
the documentary is based on or the argument
that the content in the documentary is about.
An example of Life and Death Row, a BBC 3
documentary series following different people
in the USA who are being effected because of
death row.
Fully Narrated: A documentary type
which shows observational sequences
with a voice over from a narrator
talking about what is happening in the
sequence. These are usually what
nature documentaries such as David
Attenborough documentaries e.g.
Planet Earth which uses observational
shots of animals in the wild and what
they have to do to survive.
Fly on the wall: These are the most
truthful form of documentary as they
contain real observational footage (not
staged) with little interference. An
example includes 24 Hours in Police
custody as they follow real cases using
real footage of the police officers trying
to solve the case.
Self Reflexive: A documentary type following a presenter (usually
the narrator) as they get more information on a certain (sometimes
controversial) topic. An example is My Scientology Movie which
follows Louis Theroux (famous self-reflexive documenter) as he
finds out about the controversial and dangerous/ violent side of
scientology by spending time with the church's number one enemy.
Docudrama: A dramatization with
reconstructions with actors acting out a real
life event that happened. An example is a
1996 film called Hillsborough following the
lives of two men who were at the
Hillsborough disaster in 1989.
Docusoap: A documentary
following people in a certain
profession and occupation. An
example is Benefit Britain
which follows the lives of
people on a street who are all
unemployed and on benefits.