This document discusses Docker and how it addresses challenges of developing and deploying applications across different environments. Docker provides a standard way to package applications into lightweight containers that are portable and can run consistently on any infrastructure. It allows developers to encapsulate code and its dependencies into containers that can be easily shared and deployed. This eliminates issues of applications behaving differently across environments due to dependency or platform mismatches.

1. Docker
expanding beyond localhost
Carlos Badenes-Olmedo,
Ontology Engineering Group
Universidad Politécnica de Madrid,
Spain
cbadenes@fi.upm.es
@carbadol
cbadenes.github.io
cbadenes

2. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Challenge
2
You are starting a
new project

3. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Challenge
3
Multiplicity of Stacks They interact appropriately?
Multiplicity of HW environments Can I migrate smoothly and quickly?
static website
• nignx 1.5
• mod security
• openssl
• bootstrap 2
User DB
• postgresql
• pgv8
• v8
Analytics DB
• hadoop
• hive
• thrift
• OpenJDK
Background
Workers
• Java
• Spark
• Scala
Queue
• Elasticsearch
• admin-plugin
Developer`s laptop Contributor`s laptop Public Cloud QA Server Production Cluster

4. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Challenge
4
The Matrix From Hell
static
website
User
DB
Analytics
DB
Queue
Background
Workers
Dev
Laptop
Cont
Laptop
Public
Cloud
QA
Server
Production
Cluster
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?

5. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
Cargo Transport Pre-1960
5
Multiplicity of Goods Worry about how goods interact
(e.g. coffee beans next to spices)
Multiplicity of transports Can I transport smoothly and quickly?

6. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Challenge
6
Also a Matrix From Hell
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?
?

7. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
Cargo Transport Pre-1960
7
Solution: Intermodal Shipping Container
A standard container
that is loaded with any
goods, and stays
sealed until it reaches
final delivery ..
.. in between, can be
loaded and unloaded,
stacked, transported
efficiently over long
distances, and
transferred from one
of transport to other

8. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
¡
8
static website
• nignx 1.5
• mod security
• openssl
• bootstrap 2
User DB
• postgresql
• pgv8
• v8
Analytics DB
• hadoop
• hive
• thrift
• OpenJDK
Background
Workers
• Java
• Spark
• Scala
Queue
• Elasticsearch
• admin-plugin
Developer`s laptop Contributor`s laptop Public Cloud QA Server Production Cluster
Docker is a shipping container system for code
An engine that
enables any payload
to be encapsulated as
a lightweight, portable,
self-sufficient
container …
… that can be
manipulated using
standard operations
and run consistently
on virtually any hw
platform

9. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Challenge
9
Docker eliminates the Matrix From Hell
static
website
User
DB
Analytics
DB
Queue
Background
Workers
Dev
Laptop
Cont
Laptop
Public
Cloud
QA
Server
Production
Cluster

10. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Basics
10
Yet Another
Virtual Machine?

11. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Basics
11
This is a Virtual Machine

12. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Basics
12
and these are Containers

13. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Basics
13
VMs vs Containers

14. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Basics
14
Why are Docker containers lightweight?

15. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Basics
15
Docker workflow

16. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Basics
16
Docker changes and updates

17. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Artifacts
17
Main actors

18. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Image
18
Docker Image
• A filesystem and parameters to use it at runtime (Dockerfile)
• It doesn’t have state
• All layers are read only
• Layers are shared between images
• Update requires just a download of the new layer
• ‘docker commit’ to ‘save’ changes
Dockerfile (librairy/nlp-en-service)

19. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Image
19
Docker Layers

20. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Image
20
Dockerfile (mysql)

21. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Image
21
Docker Images

22. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Containers
22
Docker Container
• A (running) instance of an image
• Add a read/write layer on top of the image
• Image is not cloned
• Spin up dozens of containers

23. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Approach
23
Code is the enemy
the more you have,
the slower you go

24. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Approach
24

25. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Approach
25
• function calls within one process • pass messages between processes

26. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Way
26
not only Create,
but also Reuse and Extend

27. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Way
27
Docker Search

28. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Way
28
Docker Hub (https://hub.docker.com)

29. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Way
29
Docker Store (https://store.docker.com)

30. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
The Way
30

31. Docker: expanding beyond localhost
References
31
• What is Docker?
https://www.docker.com
• “Infrastructure as code: running microservices on AWS using Docker, Terraform, and
ECS" (Yevgeniy Brikman)
https://www.slideshare.net/brikis98/infrastructure-as-code-running-microservices-on-aws-using-docker-terraform-and-ecs
• "Microservices, Containers and Docker for Dummies"(Joost Hietbrink)
https://www.slideshare.net/joosthietbrink/microservices-containers-and-docker-for-dummies
• “Microservices” (Martin Fowler)
https://www.martinfowler.com/articles/microservices.html

32. cbadenes@fi.upm.es
@carbadol
cbadenes.github.io
cbadenes