The document provides an overview of cloud platforms including Docker, Kubernetes, Knative, and Cloud Foundry, detailing their histories, functionalities, and use cases. It contrasts Kubernetes, known for its flexibility and orchestration capabilities, with Cloud Foundry, which simplifies app deployment and management through a Platform as a Service model. Knative is also highlighted for its serverless architecture on Kubernetes, offering autoscaling and simplified application development.

1. Cloud Platforms “demystified”
Docker, Kubernetes, Knative &
Cloud Foundry
Matthias Haeussler,
Novatec Consulting GmbH
1

2. Agenda
2
• Who am I?
• Why this talk?
• Historical Timeline
• What is a platform?
• Technologies
• Kubernetes
• Cloud Foundry
• Knative
• Demo
• Final comparison

3. Novatec Cloud Consultant Stuttgart Cloud Foundry Meetup Organizer
@maeddes

4. @novatecgmbh
#whoarewe - Novatec

5. Hype & Reality

6. Hype & Reality

7. LXC
Container/Platform history
2018201720142013201120081979 …. … ….
chroot
Cloud
Foundry
Virtualization and
isolation in subsystems.
Examples: FreeBSD Jails,
Linux VServer
cgroups (2007)
namespaces (2002)
istio knative
kubernetes eirini

8. Apps
Services
Push
Start/
Stop
Scale
Delete
Routes
Create/Delete
Map/Unmap
Create/Delete
Bind/Unbind
Minimal Concepts

9. Deployments
Services
NetworkPolicies
LoadBalancer
NodePort
ReplicaSet
StatefulSet
ClusterIP
Ingress
Pods
Container
IngressControllers
HPA
ConfigMaps
Secrets
apply
YAML
YAML YAML
Minimal Concepts
Docker Image

10. Hype & Reality

12. What is a platform?
(also known as Humans and Computers)
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13. App Dev
DB Systems Admin
“Provider”
Platform Admin
Secrets/Config
Source Code Build Artifact
Buildpacks / Images
ContainersGit CI/CD

14. Day 0 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
• Architecture
• Design
• Implementation
• Code-to-Repo
• Build
• Package
• Containerize
• Deploy
• Multi-Tenancy
• Run
• Scale
• Recover
• Update & Patch
• Observe
• Version
• Delete
• Clean Up
• End of Life
Platform coverageDeveloper & Operator responsibility

15. Easy to do the right thing
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16. Kubernetes
Intro
• Container Runtime/Platform
• Founded in 2013, released in 2014
• Idea based on Google’s internal platform
Borg
• Not opinionated, open, extensible &
configurable
• Major project of the Cloud Native
Computing Foundation (CNCF) landscape

17. “Image
build”
runtime
app
app
runtime base
container
runtime
app
Kubernetes Basics - Container

18. runtime
app
runtime
app
kubectl create pod
replica set
runtime
app
runtime
app
pod v2
replica set v2
deploymentservice/ingress
endpoint
Kubernetes Basics - Orchestration

19. Day 0 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
• Architecture
• Design
• Implementation
• Code-to-Repo
• Build
• Package
• Containerize
• Deploy
• Multi-Tenancy
• Run
• Scale
• Recover
• Update & Patch
• Observe
• Version
• Delete
• Clean Up
• End of Life
Build source Build container Register image Kubernetes responsibility

20. kubectl apply
!!!!!!!"!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
# kubectl apply -f deployment.yaml
!!!-!!!$!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
1 # apiVersion: apps/v1
2 # kind: Deployment
3 # metadata:
4 # name: sample-app-nodejs
5 # spec:
6 # selector:
7 # matchLabels:
8 # app: sample-app-nodejs
9 # replicas: 3
10 # template:
11 # metadata:
12 # labels:
13 # app: sample-app-nodejs
14 # spec:
15 # containers:
16 # - name: sample-app-nodejs
17 # image: index.docker.io/starkandwayne/sample-app-nodejs:latest
18 # ---
19 # apiVersion: v1
20 # kind: Service
21 # metadata:
22 # name: sample-app-nodejs
23 # spec:
24 # selector:
25 # app: sample-app-nodejs
26 # type: LoadBalancer
27 # ports:
28 # - protocol: TCP
29 # port: 80
30 # targetPort: 8080
!!!!!!!%!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

21. Cloud
Foundry
Intro
• Platform as a Service (PaaS)
• Founded in 2008, released in 2011
• Fast and easy to build, test, deploy &
scale apps
• Opinionated, focus on simplicity for dev
“Here is my source code, run it on the cloud for me -
I do not care how” (Onsi Fakhouri, Pivotal)

22. app
buildpack
cf push
app
Applications Services
container
route
cf bind-service
Basics

23. Day 0 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
• Architecture
• Design
• Implementation
• Code-to-Repo
• Build
• Package
• Containerize
• Deploy
• Multi-Tenancy
• Run
• Scale
• Recover
• Update & Patch
• Observe
• Version
• Delete
• Clean Up
• End of Life
Provide source or binary Cloud Foundry responsibility

24. What’s new
“run CF
workloads/apps
on K8s”

25. Traditional

26. New

27. cf push kubectl create
📄📄📄
📄📄📄

28. What’s new
“run CF
on K8s”

29. Traditional

30. New

31. What’s new

32. cf push
$ cf push sample-app
$ cf scale sample-app-java -i 4
$ cf ssh sample-app-java

33. $ cf push sample-app
$ kubectl get pods -n scf-eirini
NAME READY STATUS
sample-app-dev-bb89da1431-0 1/1 Running
$ cf scale sample-app-java -i 4
$ kubectl get pods -n scf-eirini
NAME READY STATUS
sample-app-dev-bb89da1431-0 1/1 Running
sample-app-dev-bb89da1431-1 0/1 ContainerCreating
sample-app-dev-bb89da1431-2 0/1 ContainerCreating
sample-app-dev-bb89da1431-3 1/1 Running
$ kubectl exec -ti -n scf-eirini
sample-app-dev-bb89da1431-0 bash
cf push
eirini

34. $ kubectl get pods -n scf
NAME READY STATUS
cf-operator-894886ff9-5s4zx 1/1 Running
scf-adapter-v1-0 5/5 Running
scf-api-v1-0 17/17 Running
scf-bits-v1-0 7/7 Running
scf-cc-worker-v1-0 5/5 Running
scf-database-v1-0 5/5 Running
scf-diego-api-v1-0 6/6 Running
scf-doppler-v1-0 11/11 Running
scf-eirini-v1-0 6/6 Running
scf-log-api-v1-0 8/8 Running
scf-nats-v1-0 5/5 Running
scf-router-v1-0 6/6 Running
scf-scheduler-v1-0 10/10 Running
scf-singleton-blobstore-v1-0 7/7 Running
scf-uaa-v1-0 7/7 Running
update-all-cf-buildpacks-8d9lb 0/1 Completed
cf push
quarks

35. Knative
• Open Sourced and initiated by Google
• Support by Red Hat, Pivotal, IBM …
• Runs on top of Kubernetes and Istio
• Focus on symplifying K8s experience and
provide serverless capabilities
• Auto-scale on request load (down to 0)

36. VM
Kubernetes
Istio
Serving EventingBuild

37. VM
Kubernetes
Istio
Serving Eventing

38. VM
Kubernetes
Istio
Serving EventingTekton

39. “Image
build”
runtime
app
app
runtime base
container
runtime
app

40. kn service create —image=maeddes/test
service
route
configuration
revision
revision
revision

41. Route
Revision
Service
Minimal Concepts
Image

42. Day 0 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
• Architecture
• Design
• Implementation
• Code-to-Repo
• Build
• Package
• Containerize
• Deploy
• Multi-Tenancy
• Run
• Scale
• Recover
• Update & Patch
• Observe
• Version
• Delete
• Clean Up
• End of Life
Build source Build container Register image Knative Serving

43. Day 0 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
• Architecture
• Design
• Implementation
• Code-to-Repo
• Build
• Package
• Containerize
• Deploy
• Multi-Tenancy
• Run
• Scale
• Recover
• Update & Patch
• Observe
• Version
• Delete
• Clean Up
• End of Life
Knative Serving(Knative) Tekton

44. kn service
create
$ kn service create
springonedemo -n test-app
--image drnic/springonedemo
$ bootstrap-system-knative kwt test-app
$ curl http://springonedemo.test-app.example.com
Hello World!
$ kubectl get pods -n test-app
NAME READY STATUS
kwt-net 1/1 Running
springonedemo-1-deployment-nbg2j 2/2 Running
… wait…
$ kubectl get pods -n test-app
NAME READY STATUS
kwt-net 1/1 Running
springonedemo-1-deployment-nbg2j 2/2 Terminating

45. istio
knative
$ kubectl get pods -n istio-system
NAME READY STATUS
cluster-local-gateway-5c566fd544-86wfw 1/1 Running
cluster-local-gateway-5c566fd544-tx2p7 1/1 Running
istio-ingressgateway-6c6cbf558b-kh6l8 2/2 Running
istio-ingressgateway-6c6cbf558b-r6vpb 2/2 Running
istio-pilot-7b6d979db8-vtmj9 1/1 Running
$ kubectl get pods -n knative-serving
NAME READY STATUS
activator-68d9f95cd-9z4nz 1/1 Running
autoscaler-5655c9fcfd-6x4jp 1/1 Running
autoscaler-hpa-8668fc6f68-9vsfr 1/1 Running
controller-5b77c5596c-qckcm 1/1 Running
networking-istio-6d7d44d879-gz6j6 1/1 Running
webhook-75b4fc9999-gwrp9 1/1 Running

46. provides most container platform
technical capabilities
+ easy devX
+ “containerless”
+ scale to zero
+ revisions
+ percentage routing

47. Day 0 Day 1 Day 2 Day 3
• Architecture
• Design
• Implementation
• Code-to-Repo
• Build
• Package
• Containerize
• Deploy
• Multi-Tenancy
• Run
• Scale
• Recover
• Update & Patch
• Observe
• Version
• Delete
• Clean Up
• End of Life
Knative Serving
Build source Build container Register image Knative Serving
(Knative) Tekton Knative Serving
Provide source or binary
Platform coverageHuman responsibility
Build source Build container Register image Kubernetes responsibility
Cloud Foundry responsibility

48. Try at home
up --gke/az --cf
github.com/starkandwayne/
bootstrap-kubernetes-demos
up --gke/az
up --gke/az --knative
up --gke/az --kpack

49. Novatec Consulting GmbH
Dieselstraße 18/1
D-70771 Leinfelden-Echterdingen
T. +49 711 22040-700
info@novatec-gmbh.de
www.novatec-gmbh.de
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