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Department of English
Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University
Date: 4th April 2024
Sem 4। Batch 2022-24
Research Project Writing: Dissertation Writing
Presentation On
Empowered Echoes: The Feminine
Journey of 'Draupadi' in Selected
'Mahabharata' Retellings
Rinkal Dangar
Academic Details
Name : Rinkal Dangar
Roll No:18
Enrollment no: 4069206420220007
Paper name: Research Project Writing: Dissertation Writing
Paper no: 210 A
Paper code: 22417
Topic: Empowered Echoes: The Feminine Journey of 'Draupadi' in Selected
'Mahabharata' Retellings
Submitted to: Smt. S.B.Gardi, Department of English, M.K.B.U
Dated on: 04/04/2024
E-Mail: dangarrinkal0609@gmail.com
1.Introduction
'Until the lions have their historians, tales of the hunt shall always glorify the hunter'
● What is A Counter Narrative?
● About Retellings and History
● Unveiling Feminism: Exploring Gender Dynamics in Narrative Retellings
● Poststructuralist and Postmodern Feminism
● Deconstructive Reading:
Hypothesis
○ To explore the portrayal of Draupadi in each novel and examine how her character is developed and interpreted
by the authors.
○ To identify key themes and motifs present in both retellings and analyze how they are addressed and
interpreted differently in each narrative.
○ To examine the narrative techniques employed by the authors, such as point of view, structure, and language
use, to convey the Mahabharata story and Draupadi's perspective.
○ To investigate the cultural and historical contexts in which each novel was written and published, and analyze
how these factors influence the authors' interpretations and portrayals of the epic.
○ To assess the reception of "Palace of Illusions" and "Yajnaseni" among readers and critics, including
discussions of literary merit, cultural significance, and fidelity to the original epic.
2. Literature Review
● Indian epics, Mahabharata and Ramayana, are retold and rewritten in various literary works.
● The Prevalence of Retellings
● Focus on Draupadi
● Key Points from Analyzed Works
Research Questions
● How do the retellings of "The Palace of Illusions" and "Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi" challenge and subvert
the patriarchal narratives present in the original Mahabharata epic?
● In what ways do the retellings give voice to Draupadi's experiences of marginalization, trauma, and resilience,
and how do they contribute to a more nuanced understanding of gender dynamics within the epic's context?
● How do the authors engage with postcolonial discourse and feminist theory in their representations of Draupadi,
and how do these retellings participate in the reclamation of marginalized narratives?
● What are the intertextual and mythopoetic strategies employed by the authors in their retellings, and how do
these strategies reimagine and transform traditional representations of female characters in Indian epics?
● How do the authors' reimaginations of Draupadi's character and experiences resonate with modern feminist
movements and the call for amplifying marginalized voices in literature and popular culture?
3. Narratological Study of Selected Works
● Analyzing the Narrative Structure of the Mahabharata:
● Depiction of Major Characters and events in the ‘Mahabharata’
● Analyzing the Narrative Structure of ‘The Palace of Illusions’
● Depiction of Major Characters and events Characters of ‘The Palace of
Illusions’
● Analyzing the Narrative Structure of ‘Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi’
● Major Characters and Events of ‘Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi’
4. Comparison of the ‘Mahabharata’ with ‘The Palace of
Illusions’ and ‘Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi’
● Comparison of the Beginning of the Selected Texts,
● Comparison of the Swayamvara Parva of the Selected Texts,
● Comparison of the Vaivahika Parva of the Selected Texts,
● Comparison of the Dyuta Parva of the Selected Texts,
● Comparison of Mahaprasthanika Parva of the Selected Texts,
5. Conclusion
● The concept of "woman" is not fixed by biology but rather
a social construct.
● Historically, men have defined women in relation to
themselves, not as autonomous beings.
● The idea of femininity is subjective and not universally
defined.
● Language itself can perpetuate these inequalities.
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Dissertation.pptx 'Retelling of the Mahabharata from the perspective of' Draupadi'

  • 1. Department of English Maharaja Krishnakumarsinhji Bhavnagar University Date: 4th April 2024 Sem 4। Batch 2022-24 Research Project Writing: Dissertation Writing Presentation On Empowered Echoes: The Feminine Journey of 'Draupadi' in Selected 'Mahabharata' Retellings Rinkal Dangar
  • 2. Academic Details Name : Rinkal Dangar Roll No:18 Enrollment no: 4069206420220007 Paper name: Research Project Writing: Dissertation Writing Paper no: 210 A Paper code: 22417 Topic: Empowered Echoes: The Feminine Journey of 'Draupadi' in Selected 'Mahabharata' Retellings Submitted to: Smt. S.B.Gardi, Department of English, M.K.B.U Dated on: 04/04/2024 E-Mail: dangarrinkal0609@gmail.com
  • 3. 1.Introduction 'Until the lions have their historians, tales of the hunt shall always glorify the hunter' ● What is A Counter Narrative? ● About Retellings and History ● Unveiling Feminism: Exploring Gender Dynamics in Narrative Retellings ● Poststructuralist and Postmodern Feminism ● Deconstructive Reading: Hypothesis ○ To explore the portrayal of Draupadi in each novel and examine how her character is developed and interpreted by the authors. ○ To identify key themes and motifs present in both retellings and analyze how they are addressed and interpreted differently in each narrative. ○ To examine the narrative techniques employed by the authors, such as point of view, structure, and language use, to convey the Mahabharata story and Draupadi's perspective. ○ To investigate the cultural and historical contexts in which each novel was written and published, and analyze how these factors influence the authors' interpretations and portrayals of the epic. ○ To assess the reception of "Palace of Illusions" and "Yajnaseni" among readers and critics, including discussions of literary merit, cultural significance, and fidelity to the original epic.
  • 4. 2. Literature Review ● Indian epics, Mahabharata and Ramayana, are retold and rewritten in various literary works. ● The Prevalence of Retellings ● Focus on Draupadi ● Key Points from Analyzed Works Research Questions ● How do the retellings of "The Palace of Illusions" and "Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi" challenge and subvert the patriarchal narratives present in the original Mahabharata epic? ● In what ways do the retellings give voice to Draupadi's experiences of marginalization, trauma, and resilience, and how do they contribute to a more nuanced understanding of gender dynamics within the epic's context? ● How do the authors engage with postcolonial discourse and feminist theory in their representations of Draupadi, and how do these retellings participate in the reclamation of marginalized narratives? ● What are the intertextual and mythopoetic strategies employed by the authors in their retellings, and how do these strategies reimagine and transform traditional representations of female characters in Indian epics? ● How do the authors' reimaginations of Draupadi's character and experiences resonate with modern feminist movements and the call for amplifying marginalized voices in literature and popular culture?
  • 5. 3. Narratological Study of Selected Works ● Analyzing the Narrative Structure of the Mahabharata: ● Depiction of Major Characters and events in the ‘Mahabharata’ ● Analyzing the Narrative Structure of ‘The Palace of Illusions’ ● Depiction of Major Characters and events Characters of ‘The Palace of Illusions’ ● Analyzing the Narrative Structure of ‘Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi’ ● Major Characters and Events of ‘Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi’
  • 6. 4. Comparison of the ‘Mahabharata’ with ‘The Palace of Illusions’ and ‘Yajnaseni: The Story of Draupadi’ ● Comparison of the Beginning of the Selected Texts, ● Comparison of the Swayamvara Parva of the Selected Texts, ● Comparison of the Vaivahika Parva of the Selected Texts, ● Comparison of the Dyuta Parva of the Selected Texts, ● Comparison of Mahaprasthanika Parva of the Selected Texts,
  • 7. 5. Conclusion ● The concept of "woman" is not fixed by biology but rather a social construct. ● Historically, men have defined women in relation to themselves, not as autonomous beings. ● The idea of femininity is subjective and not universally defined. ● Language itself can perpetuate these inequalities.
  • 8. Bibliography... Adichie, Chimamanda Ngozi. “The danger of a single story.” YouTube: Home, 23 December 2023, https://youtu.be/LmjKUDo7gSQ?feature=shared. Accessed 12 March 2024. Ashcroft, Bill, et al. The empire writes back: theory and practice in post-colonial literatures. Routledge, 2002. Bala, Manju. “Deconstructing Myth: A Study of Pratibha Ray’s Yajnaseni.” Language in India, vol. 19, no. 2, 2019, pp. 255-259. Language in India, http://languageinindia.com/feb2019/manjubalayajnasenipratibharay1.pdf. Banerjee, Soumyajyoti, and Rajni Singh. “Becoming Kṛṣṇā: Pāncāli’s Quest in Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni’s The Palace of Illusions.” Rupkatha Journal on Interdisciplinary Studies in Humanities, vol. 7, no. 3, 2015. Rupkatha, https://rupkatha.com/V7/n3/21_palace-of-illusions.pdf. Barber, Sarah J. “How retellings shape younger and older adults' memories.” NCBI, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4243986/. Accessed 22 March 2024. Barnes, Julian. The Only Story. Jonathan Cape, 2018. Barry, Peter. Beginning Theory: An Introduction to Literary and Cultural Theory. Manchester University Press, 2017. Bassnett, Susan. Comparative Literature: A Critical Introduction. Wiley, 1993. Bhattacharyya, Kamal. “Draupadi: The first instance of Feminism.” Times of India, 2 December 2021, https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/readersblog/herbinger/draupadi-the-first-instance-of-feminism-39349/. Accessed 22 February 2024. Bhawalker, Vanamala. Eminent women in the Mahābhārata. Sharada Publishing House, 2002. Blackwell, Fritz. “In Defense of Kaikeyi and Draupadi: A Note.” Indian Literatur, vol. 21, no. 3, 1978, pp. 138–45. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/23334398. Burkett, Elinor, and Brunell Laura. “Feminism | Definition, History, Types, Waves, Examples, & Facts.” Britannica, 28 February 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/feminism. Accessed 17 March 2024.
  • 9. Coates, Jennifer. Women, Men and Language: A Sociolinguistic Account of Gender Differences in Language. Routledge, 2016. Cody, Diablo. “Retelling Definition & Meaning.” Merriam-Webster, 29 February 2024, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/retelling. Accessed 6 February 2024. Connor, Steven, editor. The Cambridge Companion to Postmodernism. Cambridge University Press, 2004. Corin, Fox, and Mitchell Green. “Narratives and Narrators: A Philosophy of Stories By Gregory Currie.” Analysis, vol. 71, no. 4, 2011, pp. 88-02. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/41340746. “Counternarrative Definition & Meaning.” Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/counternarrative. Accessed 22 March 2024. Currie, Gregory. Narratives and Narrators: A Philosophy of Stories. OUP Oxford, 2010. DAILEY, STEPHANIE L., and LARRY BROWNING. “RETELLING STORIES IN ORGANIZATIONS: UNDERSTANDING THE FUNCTIONS OF NARRATIVE REPETITION.” Academy of Management Review, vol. 39, no. 1, 2018, pp. 22-43. JSTOR, http://www.jstor.org/stable/43699198. Dailey, Stephaniel L., and Larry Browning. “RETELLING STORIES IN ORGANIZATIONS: UNDERSTANDING THE FUNCTIONS OF NARRATIVE REPETITION.” The Academy of Management Review, vol. 39, no. 1, 2014, pp. 22-43. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/43699198. Deba, Amiẏa, and Sisir Kumar Das, editors. Comparative Literature: Theory and Practice. Indian Institute of Advanced Study, 1989. De Beauvoir, Simone. The Second Sex. Translated by Constance Borde and Sheila Malovany-Chevallier, Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2011. Desmond, John, and Peter Hawkes. Adaptation: Studying Film and Literature. McGraw-Hill Education, 2006. Divakaruni, Chitra Banerjee. “Books — Chitra Divakaruni.” Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni, https://www.chitradivakaruni.com/books#/books/palace-of-illusions. Accessed 12 March 2024. Divakaruni, Chitra Banerjee. The Palace of Illusions: A Novel. Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group, 2009. Doniger, Wendy. “Mahabharata | Definition, Story, History, & Facts.” Britannica, 5 February 2024, https://www.britannica.com/topic/Mahabharata. Accessed 12 March 2024. Doniger, Wendy, and Brian K. Smith, editors. The Laws of Manu. Translated by Wendy Doniger and Brian K. Smith, Penguin Publishing Group, 1991. Durvasa, Rishi, and Devdutt Pattanaik. “The History of Draupadi's Vastraharan.” Devdutt Pattanaik, 17 November 2023, https://devdutt.com/what-is-the-truth-behind- draupadis-vastraharan/. Accessed 20 March 2024. Ebert, Teresa L. “The "Difference" of Postmodern Feminism.” College English, vol. 53, no. 8, 1991, pp. 886-904. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/377692. Fitzgerald, James L. “The Many Voices of the Mahābhārata.” Journal of the American Oriental Society, vol. 123, no. 4, 2003, pp. 803-18. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/3589969. Fokkema, Aleid. Postmodern Characters: A Study of Characterization in British and American Postmodern Fiction. Rodopi, 1991.
  • 10. Gaur, Archana. “Rewriting Cultural Women: Presentation and Representation of Draupadi in Select Indian ReWriting.” international Journal of Creative Research Thoughts, vol. 9, no. 7, 2021, pp. 772-775. IJCRT, https://ijcrt.org/papers/IJCRT2107623.pdf. Genette, Gerard. Narrative Discourse: An Essay in Method. Translated by Jane E. Lewin, Ithaca, Cornell University Press, 1980. Gilbert, Sandra M. “PAPERBACKS; FROM OUR MOTHERS' LIBRARIES - WOMEN WHO CREATED THE NOVEL.” The New York Times, 4 May 1986, https://www.nytimes.com/1986/05/04/books/paperbacks-from-our-mothers-libraries-women-who-created-the-novel.html. Accessed 7 February 2024. Herman, David, et al., editors. Routledge Encyclopedia of Narrative Theory. Routledge, 2005. Hoesterey, Ingeborg. “Postmodern Pastiche: A Critical Aesthetic.” The Centennial Review, vol. 39, no. 3, 1995, p. 493. JSTOR, https://www.jstor.org/stable/23739359. Johnson, W. J. A Dictionary of Hinduism. OUP Oxford, 2010. Jules, Michelet. On Women [M]. Translated by Xue Li, Shanghai, Shanghai Academy of Social Sciences Press, 2019. Kroeber, Karl. Retelling/rereading: the fate of storytelling in modern times. Rutgers University Press, 1992. Kumar, PRIYANKA P S. “THE FASCINATING WORLD OF RETELLINGS: RETELLINGS OF THE INDIAN EPICS.” Research Journal of English Language and Literature, vol. 4, no. 2, 2016, pp. 793-796. RJELAL, http://www.rjelal.com/4.2.16C/793- 797%20PRIYANKA%20P.S.%20KUMAR.pdf. Mistry, Radhikaben M. “Draupadi: Modern woman voice in ‘The Palace of Illusion’ by Chitra Banerjee Divakaruni.” International Journal of Research in all Subjects in Multi Languages, vol. 8, no. 4, 2020, pp. 33-36. IJRSML, https://www.raijmr.com/ijrsml/wp- content/uploads/2023/05/IJRSML_2020_vol08_issue_4_Eng_07.pdf. Nanda, Silima. “REVOLTING GENDER IN PRATIBHA RAY’S YAGNASENI AND MAHASWETA DEVI’S DRAUPADI.” International Journal of English and Literature, vol. 8, no. 6, 2018, pp. 87-90. IJEL, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/328934667_Revolting_Gender_in_Pratibha_Ray%27s_Yagnaseni_and_Mahasweta_Devi%27s_Draupadi.
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