Here You Will Get Full Information About Disinfectant In Solid PPT Format. The Slides Contain Topics Such As Introduction, Classifications, Mode of Actions. Inside This Topics We Cover What Is Disinfectant, Their Types & More.

2.  INTRODUCTION
 CLASSIFICATIONS
 MODE OF ACTIONS

3.  Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents that are applied
to the surface of non-living objects to destroy
microorganisms that are living on the objects.
 Disinfectants Generally Kills The Sensitive Vegetative
Cells But Not Heat Resisitant Endospores.
 However, In Case When The Object Is Living Such As
Human Body, The Chemical Used In That Case IS Known
As Antiseptic.
 Disinfectants Are Usually Bacteriocidal But Occassionally
They May Be Bacteriostatic.
 Examples: IsoPropyl Alcohol, Hydrogen Peroxide, Iodine.

5.  Natural
 Physical
 Chemical
a. Acids & Alkalis
b. Halogens
c. Heavy Metals
d. Phenols

6.  NATURAL DISINFECTANT
1. Air And Sunlight Prevent The Growth Of
Microorganisms.
2. The UV Rays Present In Sunlight Also Have
Disinfecting Acton.
 PHYSICAL DISINFECTANT
Dry Heat, Moist Heat & Radiation Under
Sterilisations.
1. DRY HEAT
Dry heat sterilization uses high temperatures to kill
microorganisms and bacterial spores.
2. MOIST HEAT
a. Moist heat sterilization is an effective way to
eliminate possible infectious microorganisms
from an object.
b. Moist heat sterilization is a procedure in which
heated, high-pressure steam is used to sterilize
an object.

7. CHEMICAL DISINFECTANT
 ACIDS & ALKALI’S
Generally Strong Acids & Alkali Kill The Bacteria But Weak
Organic Acids Inhibit Their Growth.
 HALOGENS
Chlorine, Fluorine, Bromine & Iodine Strongly Act As
Germicidal In Their Free State As Well As In Compund
State.
 HEAVY METALS
Mercury, Silver & Copper Are Most Widely Used Heavy
Metals. It Act As Antimicrobially By Combining With The
Cellular Protein
 PHENOLS
1% Phenol Has Bactericidal Actions. It Is A Chief Product
Obtained By Distillation Of Coal Tar.

8.  DYES
1. A NUMBER OF DYES ARE USED TO INHIBIT THE
BACTERIAL GROWTH.
2. BASIC DYES ARE More Effective Bactericides Than
Acidic Dyes.
3. Examples: Acridine & Triphenylmethane.
 ALDEHYDE
Formaldehyde Is Mainly Used For Disinfectant
Purpose.
 ALCOHOLS
1. Alcohols Are Used As A Preservative In Some Vaccines.
2. The Higher Alcohols Are More Germicidal Than Ethyl
Alcohol.
3. The 70% Concentration Of Iso-Propyl Alcohol Is Most
Effective For Disinfection

10.  Disinfectant Can Act On Microorganism In Two Different
Ways: Growth Inhibition (bacteriostasis, fungistasis) or
lethal action (bactericidal, fungicidal).
 Particular Mode Of Action Of Virucidal Disinfectant Are:
a) Presence Of Lipids In The Viruses
b) Size Of The Viruses
 Alteration Of Membrane Permeability
1. Disinfectant Act On The External Membrane Of The
Bacterial Cell Wall.
2. The Membrane Wall Consist Of Basic Compound Such
As Phospholipids & Lipopolysaccharides & Is Stabilised
By Mg++ & Ca++ Cations.
3. The Disinfectant Try To Destroy The Membrane Wall
Of Bacteria.

11.  Action On Bacterial Wall
1. The Bacterial Wall Is Important, As This Provides
Rigidity & It Differs In Between Gram-Positive &
Gram-Negative Bacteria.
2. Disinfectant Act On That Wall Of Bacteria To
Destroy Them.
 Action On The Cytoplasmic Membrane
☞ The Nutrient ( An Active Molecule) May
Penetrate The Membrane In Two Ways:
a) Passive Diffusion ( Non-Specific & Slow)
b) Active Transport ( Specific)
☞ It Enables The Accumulation Of Products In
Bacteria After Either Transformation Or Binding
To A Membrane Protein.

12.  Action On Energy Metabolism
☞ Some Disinfectant Are Act On Adenosine
Triphosphate (ATP) Production To Destroy Bacteria,
Microorganism.
 Action On Bacterial Spores
☞ The Impermeability and The Presence Of Dipicolinic
Acid In Bacterial Spores Makes These Forms Much
More Resistant To Disinfectant.
☞ It Includes High Oxidising Product, For Example:
Hydrogen Peroxide & Chlorine, Which Can
Destabilise This Structures In Spores.