1. The document discusses several diseases that affect plums, including brown rot caused by fungi Monilinia spp., black knot caused by the fungus Apiosporina morbosa, bacterial canker caused by Pseudomonas syringae, bacterial spot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni, and plum pox virus.
2. It provides details on the symptoms, pathogens, and environmental conditions that favor each disease. Symptoms vary by disease but include lesions, cankers, decay, galls and deformities of leaves, fruit, and branches.
3. Management strategies recommended include planting resistant varieties, sanitation, pruning, and controlling insect vectors through insecticide application. Fung
Wilt is a pernicious disease of guava in India.
In India the disease was first recorded near Allahabad in 1935 . The infection was reported 15 -30 %.
The disease is a serious threat to guava cultivation in U.P. In West Bengal it reduces the yield in affected orchard by 80% .
The disease is also prevalent in Haryana Rajasthan , A.P ,
Punjab and M.P.The exact cause of the disease is still not fully understood but the pathogens viz. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii (Prasad, Mehta & Lal), Rhizoctonia spp. (Taub.) and various pathogens are reported by different workers may be the incitant of the disease.
Survival and spread:
Through movement of plants containing sick soil in virgin areas.
Short distance spread is by water.
Root injury predisposes wilt disease.
It has forced uprooting of about 150 acre of guava orchard in Panjab and 300 acres in Haryana during 1971-81.
Wilt is a pernicious disease of guava in India.
In India the disease was first recorded near Allahabad in 1935 . The infection was reported 15 -30 %.
The disease is a serious threat to guava cultivation in U.P. In West Bengal it reduces the yield in affected orchard by 80% .
The disease is also prevalent in Haryana Rajasthan , A.P ,
Punjab and M.P.The exact cause of the disease is still not fully understood but the pathogens viz. Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. psidii (Prasad, Mehta & Lal), Rhizoctonia spp. (Taub.) and various pathogens are reported by different workers may be the incitant of the disease.
Survival and spread:
Through movement of plants containing sick soil in virgin areas.
Short distance spread is by water.
Root injury predisposes wilt disease.
It has forced uprooting of about 150 acre of guava orchard in Panjab and 300 acres in Haryana during 1971-81.
This ppt will help Agricultural professionals to diagnose banana diseases and the management strategies. This is a compilation of important diseases of banana prevalent in India which contains some of my own photographs and others collected from Web. This is intended only for educating students and other agricultural field staff.
Diseases of Tea - Symptoms, Pathogenic characters and their ManagementVisanthGuhan
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Diseases of rose, Crown Gall Rot, Black Spot, Powdery mildew of Rose, Rust an...Muhammad Ammar
Diseases of rose:
Crown Gall Rot,
Black Spot,
Powdery mildew of Rose,
Rust and Anthracnose.
Besides rose diseases, environmental factors can effect your plants too, and they should be watched for an remedied when found. To keep most rose diseases under control, a commercial fungicide will take care of it. In other cases, proper pruning techniques and the maintenance of clean garden implements goes a long way in preventing such conditions from occurring in the first place.
I have found that only two sprays are needed to keep your plants healthy. The first is sulpher. This will work for most of the diseases. But not for black-spot: for this you need Capstan.
This ppt will help Agricultural professionals to diagnose banana diseases and the management strategies. This is a compilation of important diseases of banana prevalent in India which contains some of my own photographs and others collected from Web. This is intended only for educating students and other agricultural field staff.
Diseases of Tea - Symptoms, Pathogenic characters and their ManagementVisanthGuhan
Diseases that affects Tea crop, both fungal and bacterial and algal diseases. Symptoms of specific disease, Pathogenic characters of specific disease and their mode of spread and their management.
Diseases of rose, Crown Gall Rot, Black Spot, Powdery mildew of Rose, Rust an...Muhammad Ammar
Diseases of rose:
Crown Gall Rot,
Black Spot,
Powdery mildew of Rose,
Rust and Anthracnose.
Besides rose diseases, environmental factors can effect your plants too, and they should be watched for an remedied when found. To keep most rose diseases under control, a commercial fungicide will take care of it. In other cases, proper pruning techniques and the maintenance of clean garden implements goes a long way in preventing such conditions from occurring in the first place.
I have found that only two sprays are needed to keep your plants healthy. The first is sulpher. This will work for most of the diseases. But not for black-spot: for this you need Capstan.
INTRODUCTION
OCCURENCE AND IMPORTANCE
DIFFERENT TYPES OF WHEAT RUST
BLACK RUST
BROWN RUST
YELLOW RUST
COMPARISION OF ALL THREE RUST
SYMPTOMS
SIGNIFICANCE
HISTORY
RUST CYCLE
STAGES OF PATHOGEN
EPIDEMIOLOGY
RUST CYCLE IN INDIA
UG99
Red rot of sugarcane and there causes by clostridium falcatum virus.NISHANAG1
1 Red rot is a disease of sugarcane.
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FOR DOWNLOAD CONTACT - eduvish24@gmail.com
DISEASES OF BAJRA:
Bajra, the pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum) is predominantly a rainfed, salt tolerant crop of rainy season.This ppt includes major disease like downy mildew, ergot, smut,rust and minor disease blast with symptoms,pathogen,disease cycle,favorable condition, management like cultural controland chemical control.
The Integrated Disease Management (IDM) involves the need based use of pesticide only when the disease incidence reach economic threshold levels and this will promote the build up of many bio-control agent in the crop ecosystems.
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1. Diseases of Plums
COLLEGE OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGY
(Affiliated to Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Coimbatore-3)
Kullapuram (Po),ViaVaigai Dam, Theni-625 562
COURSE TEACHER
Dr. PARTHASARATHY S
Asst. Professor (Plant Pathology)
STUDENT
Mr. S. MAHI YASWANTH
ID. No. 2015021074
3. Brown rot
• Distribution – world wide
History
• The first published description of a brown rot fungus on decaying fruit was
in 1796.
Pathogen
• Monilinia fructicola
• M. laxa
• M. fructigena
4. Symptoms
• The brown rot fungi cause a blight of blossoms and twigs and a
soft decay of fruits.
• Infected blossoms are brown and water-soaked.
• The fungus grows down the pedicel into the stem which may
cause twig dieback.
• Diseased blossoms and fruit generally become covered with
"tufts" of brown fungal material.
• Fruit infection usually occurs near maturity.
6. Systematic position
• Kingdom : Fungi
• Phylum : Ascomycota
• Class : Leotiomycetes
• Order : Helotiales
• Family : Sclerotiniaceae
• Genus : Monilinia
• Species : Monilinia fructicola, M. laxa, M. fructigena
9. • Favourable condition
Blossom infection occur at 10°C.
Wet, warm conditions also increase overwintering inoculum
available for blossom infections the following spring.
Mode of spread & survival
Sources of blossom blight inoculum are mummies, infected
peduncles, and cankers.
Conidia from these sources are disseminated by splashing or
wind-blown rain.
10. IDM
• Control is by repeated fungicide applications and sanitation.
11. Black knot
Distribution
North America, Asia, Africa, South America, European union, Canada, the
United States and Mexico
History
• Black knot disease is mainly a problem in North America where it is
indigenous.
• A record from 1979 indicated the presence of the fungus on pear.
• It was first reported as a destructive disease in Massachusetts in 1811.
• It was first described in 1821 by L. D. Schweinitz from specimens
collected in Pennsylvania.
12. Pathogen :
• Apiosporina morbosa
• Syn. Dibotryon morbosum, Plowrightia morbosum
• Anamorph: Fusicladium,
Authors:
Karen L. Snover, Cornell University
Phil A. Arneson, Cornell University
18. • Favourable condition
• Temperatures between 16°C and 27°C (60-80°F) are
ideal for the dissemination, germination, and
infection of new plant tissue.
• Mode of survival and spread
– Infected plant debris.
– By ascospores.
19. IDM
• A possible biological control agent for black
knot may be the fungal parasite, Trichothecium
roseum.
23. Systematic position
• Kingdom : Bacteria
• Phylum : Proteobacteria
• Class : Gammaproteobacteria
• Order : Pseudomonadales
• Family : Pseudomonadaceae
• Genus : Pseudomonas
• Species : Pseudomonas syringae
24. • Pathogen
– Rod shaped, gram negative bacterium with polar flagella.
• IDM
– Avoid using high fertilizer rates in late summer.
– Succulent, late fall growth is more easily infected.
– Prune when trees are fully dormant (January and February).
– Trees showing signs of bacterial canker should be left and
pruned after all other trees have been completed.
25. Bacterial spot
Distribution
North America, Asia, Africa, South America, European union
History
First described in North America
Pathogen
• Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni (Smith) Dye
Synonyms
• Xanthomonas arboricola pv. pruni (Smith) Vauterin et al.
• Xanthomonas pruni (Smith) Dowson
28. On Twigs:
• Cankers are perennial and continue to develop in
twigs of 2 to 3 year old
• Inner bark is penetrated, resulting in deep seated
cankers which deforms and kills the twig.
29. Systematic position
• Kingdom : Bacteria
• Phylum : Proteobacteria
• Class : Gammaproteobacteria
• Order : Xanthomonadales
• Family : Xanthomonadaceae
• Genus : Xanthomonas
• Species : Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni
30. • Pathogen
– Motile, aerobic, gram negative rod, 0.2 – 0.8 X 0.8-1.7µm with
single polar flagellum.
• Favourable condition
– Warm, moderate season with temperature of 19-28°c with light,
frequent rain accompanied by heavy winds & dews.
• Mode of survival and spread
– Has limited capacity for local dispersal by rainsplash.
– Pruning and insect damage by Cicada spp. transmit the disease.
31. IDM
• Planting resistant cultivars.
• No direct control methods are suggested, but
bactericides have been evaluated.
• Bud wood should be obtained from disease free trees,
preferably grown in arid region.
32. Plum Pox
Distribution – worldwide
History
• Plum pox symptoms were first observed in plums by plum growers in Bulgaria between 1915
and 1918 although some reports indicate symptoms were seen in Macedonia as early as 1910.
• However the first paper describing the viral nature of the disease did not appear until 1932
when Atanosoff named it "Sarka po slivite" meaning "Pox of Plum“.
Classification
• Group : Group IV(+ssRNA)
• Family : Potyviridae
• Genus : Potyvirus
• Species: Plum pox virus
Mode of transmission – Aphids (20 species)