The document discusses mango bacterial canker disease and mango malformation disease, detailing their causal agents, symptoms, and management strategies. Mango bacterial canker, caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. mangiferae-indicae, leads to lesions on leaves and fruits, while mango malformation disease, caused by Fusarium mangiferae, results in abnormal vegetative and floral growth. Effective management includes using disease-free planting material, pruning, and specific chemical treatments.

1. welcome

2. 1. Mango bacterial canker disease.
Causal agent :Xanthomonas sp: campestris
pv. mangiferae-indicae
2. Mango malformation Disease.
Causal agent: Fusarium mangiferae

3. Mango bacterial canker disease

4. introduction
• Mango is an evergreen fruit trees.
• The tree is often planted as a shade tree.
• The seeds germinate readly and the trees are able to compete with
the native vegetation and resist bush fires.
• Mango bacterial canker disease (MBCD) which is also known as
mango canker, bacterial spot, leaf
• spot, black spot, mango blight, bacterial black spot caused by
Xanthomonas campestris pv.

5. • mangiferaeindicae (Xcmi). The disease was first recorded
as bacterial leaf spot from Poona by
• Patel et al., and from other parts of the country by
Shekhawat and Patel and Kishun and Sohi .
• The disease has also been reported from Aurangabad earlier
by Papdiwal and Deshpande.
• The MBCD bacterium has all the characteristics associated
with the genus Xanthomonas, except for pigmentation.

6. Climate
• The mango is adapted to both tropical and sub tropical
conditions.
• Temperature range is 21-25 C.
• Rainfall of at least 600 mm/year and altitude of 1500-
2000m are ideal for the crop.
• The crop is intolerant to saline condition.
• The dry period of at least 3 months is necessary for
flowering.

7. Soil
• Mangoes require deep soil with good drainage
not necessarily fertile but mangoes can thrive
in a wide range of soil types.

8. HOST PLANTS
• Common in stone fruits such as mango,
cherries and plums but also observed in
apricots and peaches.

9. Etiology
• Xanthomonas campestris pv.mangiferae-indicae (Patel et al.) Robbs
et al. it is a gram negative rod, motile by monotrichous flagella
Phylum:Proteobacteria
• Class:GammaProteobacteria
• Order:Xanthomonadales
• Family: Xanthomonadaceae
• Genus: Xanthomonas sp: campestris pv. mangiferae-indicae

10. Disease cycle

11. symptoms
• The disease attacks the leaves, leaf stalks, stem and fruits.
• On the leaves disease first manifests itself as minute, water soaked irregular
lesions, black and is surrounded by chloratic haloes.
• Due to vein limitations the spots become angular and result in cankerous
patches, which sometime dry up.
• Sever infection results in defoliation. The bacteria also infects the fruits
first showing water soaked lesions, which later become dark brown to
black and causes sever cracking of fruits, accompanied by heavy bacterial
exudation.

12. Bacterial canker symptoms on mango fruit

13. • There may be only a few lesions on each fruit but
more lesions on tender fruits may lead to sever
fruit drop.
• On branches on twigs the lesions become raised
with longitudinal fissures, and are accompanied
by the bacterial gummy ooze

14. Symptoms of mango bacterial canker disease

15. FAVORED ENVIRONMENT
• Bacterial canker infections occur during fall,
winter, and early spring (during cool, wet
weather) and are spread by rain or water, and
pruning tools.
• The bacteria overwinter in active cankers, in
infected buds, and on the surface of infected and
healthy trees and weeds.

16. Mode of spread and survival
• Infected nursery trees have been a major source of BBS in
new orchards
• Bacterium enters the leaf through stomata and lenticels in
fruit and through lenticels in twigs. The bacterium survives
in infected parts on the tree.
• The pathogen survives up to 8months in the leaves.
Bacteria from cankers on the twigs are the cause for
primary infection on the fruits.

17. • Disease spread is rapid during rainy days.
Disease spread to the new area through
infected planting material.
• When fruits are found in bunches disease
spreads when they contact each other.

18. management
• Use of clean planting and grafting material and Use of certified
seedlings
• Two sprays of streptocycline200-300ppm at 20days interval reduce
fruit infection. Dipping the fruits in 200ppm solution of agrimycin-
100 is effective.
• Mango verities like Bombay green, fazali, Jehangir and
suvarnarekha are resistant.
• Prune flowering trees during blooming when wounds heal fastest

19. • Make sure to disinfect your pruning equipment (one part
bleach to 4 parts water) after each cut.
• If using string trimmers around the base of trees avoid
damaging bark to prevent infection.
• Brush bark with white latex paint diluted with water to
reduce bark-damaging temperature fluctuations
• Remove wilted or dead limbs well below infected areas.
• Avoid pruning in early spring and fall when bacteria are
most active.

20. Mango malformation Disease
• Causal agent: Fusarium mangiferae

21. Disease symptoms
• Vegetative malformation: Vegetative malformation
is pronounced in young seedlings. The affected
seedlings develop vegetative growths which are
abnormal growth, swollen and have very short
internodes.

22. • Floral malformation:The flower buds are
transformed into vegetative buds and a large
number of small leaves and stems, which are
characterized by appreciably reduced internodes
and give an appearance of witches‟ broom. The
flower buds seldom open and remain dull green.

23. Malformation in mango

24. Survival and spread
• The disease is mainly spread via infected plant
material. Mango malformation disease spreads
slowly within affected orchards.
• The mango bud mite, Aceria mangiferae, has been
associated with mango malformation disease as
wounds from the mites‟ feeding activity are
thought to facilitate fungal infection.

25. management
• Diseased plant should be destroyed.
• Use disease free planting material.
• Scion sticks from infected tree should not be used.
• The affected terminals along with the basal 15-20 cm healthy
portion should be removed or pruned and burnt.
• Spraying of Planofix(200ppm) during the first week of October
followed by deblossoming at bud burst stage is recommended.

26. Thank you
Rakesh Kumar