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http://www.fao.org/economic/est/est-events-new/wtokiev/en/
http://www.fao.org/europe/news/detail-news/en/c/892730/
Presentation on the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.
Developed by the International Trade Team of Barral M Jorge & Associates
Scenarios prevailing in Textile industry all over the world, various standards, role of WTO.
Various Safety measures and standards followed all over world.
Geographical indications trade in goods key legal issues_implications for afr...Susan Isiko
Geographical Indications, Africa, Caribbean and Pacific group of Nations, trade in goods, key legal issues, competition, agricultural products, market access, crafts, wines and spirits
The SPS Committee & Specific Trade ConcernsExternalEvents
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Agriculture and Commodities Division, WTO
Materials of the workshop on Resolving agricultural trade issues through the WTO organized by FAO in collaboration with Ukraine’s Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine in Kyiv on June 7, 2017.
http://www.fao.org/economic/est/est-events-new/wtokiev/en/
http://www.fao.org/europe/news/detail-news/en/c/892730/
Presentation on the World Trade Organization's Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade.
Developed by the International Trade Team of Barral M Jorge & Associates
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This was a college presentation that was done for the subject of Export Import and International Business. It highlights the trade disputes that took place between the EU and USA in a simple manner.
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Trade regulatory measures invariably impacts on the competitiveness of the industries affected. Virtually every component of the South African broiler value chain is subject to some form of regulatory intervention, emanating from multiple jurisdictional spheres.
This presentation is based on a paper aimed at clarifying the international legal framework governing South African broiler trade and to review regulatory action following import surges from the United States of America (USA) and the European Union (EU). The study commences with an overview of key treaties governing multilateral trade in agricultural products. This is followed by a consideration of South African trade remedies against the US and the EU, focussing on implications pertaining to unilateral and bilateral instruments currently in effect.
This was a college presentation that was done for the subject of Export Import and International Business. It highlights the trade disputes that took place between the EU and USA in a simple manner.
Develop the agrifood trade (especially the fruit & vegetables sector) in an i...Francois Stepman
29 May 2020. Webinar: 'Doing Business in Post COVID-19 Agrofood Sector'
Presentation of Mr Jeremy Knops, DG Coleacp: the expertise and support COLEACP can provide for agrofood entrepreneurs.
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http://www.fao.org/in-action/quality-and-origin-program/en
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English
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http://www.fao.org/in-action/quality-and-origin-program/en
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Implementation of the TRIPS agreement and legal diversity, by Erik Thévenod-M...ExternalEvents
http://www.fao.org/in-action/quality-and-origin-program/en
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Item 9: Soil mapping to support sustainable agricultureExternalEvents
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SOIL ATLAS OF ASIA
2ND EDITORIAL BOARD MEETING
RURAL DEVELOPMENT ADMINISTRATION, NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES,
JEONJU, REPUBLIC OF KOREA | 29 APRIL – 3 MAY 2019
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Ethnobotany and Ethnopharmacology:
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Impact of Ethnobotany in traditional medicine,
New development in herbals,
Bio-prospecting tools for drug discovery,
Role of Ethnopharmacology in drug evaluation,
Reverse Pharmacology.
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This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
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Discussion points, by Christoph Spennemann (UNCTAD) (English)
1. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 1
Institutional and Legal Framework for GIs:
Needs and Governance
Discussion Points
FAO/SINER-GI Meeting on Sharing Views on Quality Products
Linked to Geographical Origin: How Can They Contribute to Rural
Development?
Christoph Spennemann, Legal Expert, IP Team
Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise
Development
UNCTAD
2. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 2
Basic requirements for GIs domestic
legal frameworks (1)
• Domestic laws on GI protection need to
reflect
• A country’s economic policy goals &
industry structure
• A country’s legal traditions & international
commitments
• A country’s institutional framework
3. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 3
Basic requirements for GIs domestic
legal frameworks (2)
• Domestic protection is a prerequisite for
any effective international protection
• Article 24.9, TRIPS Agreement
• Article 1 (2), Lisbon Agreement
4. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 4
Diversity of domestic legal
protection for GIs: different degrees
• TRIPS minimum standards
• Laws on unfair business practices; or trademark (TM)
approach; or sui generis GIs
• TRIPS-plus
• Article 23 TRIPS extension to other products (mandatory
exceptions under Article 24, e.g. prior use of TM)
• Appellation of origin approach (Lisbon): right to authorize
termination of use of prior TMs, Article 5 (6)
• Bilateral recognition of names & practices
• Automatic protection (no examination of GI eligibility)
• Absolute protection (no exceptions: mandatory termination of
use of prior TMs)
5. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 5
Degree of protection
• Permissive system (« Type A »)
• Prescriptive system (« Type D ») or
• Variations in between (« Types B, C »)
• Choice depends on
• Policy goals & structure of domestic production
• Legal traditions & international commitments
• Existing institutional infrastructure
6. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 6
Policy goals & structure of
domestic production (1)
• Prescriptive system (sui generis GI, AO)
where
• Small scale producers of niche & luxury products
• GIs as alternatives to mass production
• GIs as incentives to promote knowledge in
traditional production methods, ecological
production & sustainable use of biodiversity
(UNCTAD BioTrade Facilitation Program for
developing countries; www.biotrade.org)
7. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 7
Policy goals & structure of
domestic production (2)
• Permissive system (TRIPS minimum; TM
approach) where
• Large scale exporters of mass food production
• no interest in niche products
• strict AO/sui generis approach would prevent use of
foreign names on home market
• Food processing industries & food marketers
• AO/sui generis systems extend protection to food
processing → may affect industry
• Example: 2003 judgment of European Court of Justice
Consorzio del Prosciutto di Parma : not only production,
but slicing & packaging as part of GI
8. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 8
Legal traditions &
international commitments
• GIs protection & promotion through state actors (sui
generis/AO systems)
• GIs protection & promotion through private actors
(TM systems)
• Commitments under international regimes: GI – TM
interface
• TRIPS Article 16: Prior TMs have general priority over GIs
(EC/US WTO Panel; possible exceptions under Article 17)
• US FTAs: Refusal of GIs if consumer confusion with prior
TMs
• EU FTAs: TRIPS-plus: GI priority over conflicting TMs
irrespective of consumer confusion or prior TM use
9. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 9
Existing institutional infrastructure
(1)
• For efficient sui generis system, legislation alone is
not sufficient
• Creation of infrastructure
• Producers’ associations
• Administrative & quality control agencies
• Enforcement authorities controlling misuses
• Know how by producers as to showing link between
origin and product characteristics
• Know how & continuous efforts as to marketing
→ Considerable expertise & resources required
10. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 10
Existing institutional infrastructure
(2)
• Consequence: no « one-size-fits-all »
solutions, but case-by-case examination of
local conditions regarding each particular
product
• UNCTAD BioTrade Facilitation Program case
studies (2005)
• Maca plant (Peru; nutritive & medical properties):
favorable conditions
• Borojo fruit (Colombia): lack of origin–quality link;
lack of expertise & bodies to ensure uniform
quality
11. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 11
GIs and market access
• GIs provide negative right; no guarantee to
access foreign markets
• Foreign sanitary requirements may act as
potential market access barriers
• Foreign GI adminstrative system may
complicate market access.
• Example: EU Regulation 510/2006 (agricultural
products & foodstuffs): national inspection
structures required for marketing of all GI
products within EU
12. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 12
Conclusions
• Succesful marketing of GI products requires
elaborate legal & administrative framework,
resources, expertise and political commitment
• Domestic legal frameworks should take account of
policy priorities, structure of industry and available
infrastructure & administration
• UNCTAD-ICTSD Project on IPRs & Sustainable
Development: assistance to DC governments &
firms in the use of GIs
• Regional workshops (Africa, Asia, Latin America)
• Case studies of successful GI marketing
• Exchange of experiences in GI management (regulatory
councils)
13. UNCTAD/CD-TFT 13
Contact
Christoph Spennemann
Legal Expert
Intellectual Property Team
Division on Investment, Technology and Enterprise
Development (DITE)
UNCTAD
E-mail: Christoph.Spennemann@unctad.org
Tel: ++41 (0) 22 917 59 99
Fax: ++41 (0) 22 917 01 94
http://www.iprsonline.org