The document provides phrases for clarifying complex ideas, introducing supporting material, confirming evidence, identifying main points, challenging others' views, exploring ideas further, acknowledging/justifying/modifying views, and offering answers or responses during discussions. Some example phrases include "I wonder...", "For example...", "So it is clear that...", "Right, we need to agree on the main points", "Don't you think that...", "I wonder whether/if/why...", and "In my opinion...".