This document summarizes a research paper on developing an automatic toll collection system for India using image processing and license plate recognition. The system uses cameras to capture images of vehicles' license plates as they pass through toll booths. The license plate numbers are extracted from the images using ANPR (Automatic Number Plate Recognition) and checked against a central database to deduct toll fees from linked accounts. If a license plate number matches a record of a stolen vehicle, an alarm would notify operators. The system aims to reduce traffic congestion at toll booths and improve efficiency of toll collection.
Number plate identification perimeter protection system. Control which vehicle access your premise. Assign rules for vehicles trying to enter the premise. Blacklist vehicles. Generate Alert if a blacklisted or unregistered vehicle trying to enter the area. Make efficient use of your security staff
Vehicle Number Plate Recognition using MATLABAI Publications
The VPR (Vehicle Number plate Recognition) system is based on image processing technology. It is one of the necessary systems designed to detect the vehicle number plate. In today’s world with the increasing number of vehicle day by day it’s not possible to manually keep a record of the entire vehicle. With the development of this system it becomes easy to keep a record and use it whenever required. The main objective here is to design an efficient automatic vehicle identification system by using vehicle number plate. The system first would capture the vehicles image as soon as the vehicle reaches the security checking area. The captured images are then extracted by using the segmentation process. Optical character recognition is used to identify the characters. The obtained data is then compared with the data stored in their database. The system is implemented and simulated on MATLAB and performance is tested on real images. This type of system is widely used in Traffic control areas, tolling, parking area .etc. This system is mainly designed for the purpose of security system. Basically video surveillance system is used for security purpose as well as monitoring systems. But Detection of moving object is a challenging part of video surveillance. Video surveillance system is used for Home security, Military applications, Banking /ATM security, Traffic monitoring etc. Now a day’s due to decreasing costs of high quality video surveillance systems, human activity detection and tracking has become increasingly in practical. Accordingly, automated systems have been designed for numerous detection tasks, but the task of detecting illegally parked vehicles has been left largely to the human operators of surveillance systems. The detection of Indian vehicles by their number plates is the most interesting and challenging research topic from past few years.
Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) is a highly accurate system capable of reading vehicle number plates without human intervention through the use of high speed image capture with supporting illumination, detection of characters within the images provided, verification of the character sequences as being those from a vehicle license plate, character recognition to convert image to text; so ending up with a set of metadata that identifies an image containing a vehicle license plate and the associated decoded text of that plate.
Number plate identification perimeter protection system. Control which vehicle access your premise. Assign rules for vehicles trying to enter the premise. Blacklist vehicles. Generate Alert if a blacklisted or unregistered vehicle trying to enter the area. Make efficient use of your security staff
Vehicle Number Plate Recognition using MATLABAI Publications
The VPR (Vehicle Number plate Recognition) system is based on image processing technology. It is one of the necessary systems designed to detect the vehicle number plate. In today’s world with the increasing number of vehicle day by day it’s not possible to manually keep a record of the entire vehicle. With the development of this system it becomes easy to keep a record and use it whenever required. The main objective here is to design an efficient automatic vehicle identification system by using vehicle number plate. The system first would capture the vehicles image as soon as the vehicle reaches the security checking area. The captured images are then extracted by using the segmentation process. Optical character recognition is used to identify the characters. The obtained data is then compared with the data stored in their database. The system is implemented and simulated on MATLAB and performance is tested on real images. This type of system is widely used in Traffic control areas, tolling, parking area .etc. This system is mainly designed for the purpose of security system. Basically video surveillance system is used for security purpose as well as monitoring systems. But Detection of moving object is a challenging part of video surveillance. Video surveillance system is used for Home security, Military applications, Banking /ATM security, Traffic monitoring etc. Now a day’s due to decreasing costs of high quality video surveillance systems, human activity detection and tracking has become increasingly in practical. Accordingly, automated systems have been designed for numerous detection tasks, but the task of detecting illegally parked vehicles has been left largely to the human operators of surveillance systems. The detection of Indian vehicles by their number plates is the most interesting and challenging research topic from past few years.
Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR) is a highly accurate system capable of reading vehicle number plates without human intervention through the use of high speed image capture with supporting illumination, detection of characters within the images provided, verification of the character sequences as being those from a vehicle license plate, character recognition to convert image to text; so ending up with a set of metadata that identifies an image containing a vehicle license plate and the associated decoded text of that plate.
Number Plate Recognition for Indian Vehiclesmonjuri10
This paper presents Automatic Number Plate
extraction, character segmentation and recognition for
Indian vehicles. In India, number plate models are not
followed strictly. Characters on plate are in different
Indian languages, as well as in English. Due to variations
in the representation of number plates, vehicle number
plate extraction, character segmentation and recognition
are crucial. We present the number plate extraction,
character segmentation and recognition work, with english
characters. Number plate extraction is done using Sobel
filter, morphological operations and connected component
analysis. Character segmentation is done by using
connected component and vertical projection analysis.
Character recognition is carried out using Support Vector
machine (SVM). The segmentation accuracy is 80% and
recognition rate is 79.84 %.
Tracking number plate from vehicle usingijfcstjournal
In Traffic surveillance, Tracking of the number plate from the vehicle is an important task, which demands
intelligent solution. In this document, extraction and Recognization of number plate from vehicles image
has been done using Matlab. It is assumed that images of the vehicle have been captured from Digital
Camera. Alphanumeric Characters on plate has been Extracted and recognized using template images of
alphanumeric characters.
This paper presents a new algorithm in MATLAB which has been used to extract the number plate from the
vehicle in various luminance conditions. Extracted image of the number plate can be seen in a text file for
verification purpose. Number plate identification is helpful in finding stolen cars, car parking management
system and identification of vehicle in traffic.
Implementation of Fuzzy Logic with High Security Registration Plate (HSRP) fo...cscpconf
In Automobile Industries, to use of High Security Registration plate (HSRP) is still a
challenging problem. There are more options to misuse the vehicle and exchange its engine,
chassis, gear box, axle etc., In an existing system, the Regional Transport Office (RTO) only
determine an abstract of the vehicle and its owner. The vehicles are classified using piezo
sensor and inductive loop systems. The toll-plaza is used only collected fees from the vehicles
for maintain the quality roads. There are no authorized agencies allotted to identify the vehicle
checking and no possibilities to control the vehicle overloading. The proposed system, toll-plaza
will be act as a multi-plaza. Vehicles are classified with weight and speed. Then it is checking in
toll-plaza either passed or checked. In this paper, The system uses illumination (such as Infrared)
and a camera to take the image of the front or rear of the vehicle, then an extracts the plate
information. This data is used for enforcement and it can be used to open a gate if the vehicle is
checked with RTO data in toll-plaza. In vehicle checking, we develop new rules using a fuzzy
logic to improve the performance. The features of this system are implemented in the upgrading
vehicles only. It is used to control the overloading to maintain road safety and to identify the
theft vehicle to reduce the crime and terrorism. As Bharat Stage Emission (BSE) standard
vehicles are implemented in India very aggressively. The emission standard vehicles are
serviced only in authorized service centre not for doing and end root machines.
Number Plate Recognition for Indian Vehiclesmonjuri10
This paper presents Automatic Number Plate
extraction, character segmentation and recognition for
Indian vehicles. In India, number plate models are not
followed strictly. Characters on plate are in different
Indian languages, as well as in English. Due to variations
in the representation of number plates, vehicle number
plate extraction, character segmentation and recognition
are crucial. We present the number plate extraction,
character segmentation and recognition work, with english
characters. Number plate extraction is done using Sobel
filter, morphological operations and connected component
analysis. Character segmentation is done by using
connected component and vertical projection analysis.
Character recognition is carried out using Support Vector
machine (SVM). The segmentation accuracy is 80% and
recognition rate is 79.84 %.
Tracking number plate from vehicle usingijfcstjournal
In Traffic surveillance, Tracking of the number plate from the vehicle is an important task, which demands
intelligent solution. In this document, extraction and Recognization of number plate from vehicles image
has been done using Matlab. It is assumed that images of the vehicle have been captured from Digital
Camera. Alphanumeric Characters on plate has been Extracted and recognized using template images of
alphanumeric characters.
This paper presents a new algorithm in MATLAB which has been used to extract the number plate from the
vehicle in various luminance conditions. Extracted image of the number plate can be seen in a text file for
verification purpose. Number plate identification is helpful in finding stolen cars, car parking management
system and identification of vehicle in traffic.
Implementation of Fuzzy Logic with High Security Registration Plate (HSRP) fo...cscpconf
In Automobile Industries, to use of High Security Registration plate (HSRP) is still a
challenging problem. There are more options to misuse the vehicle and exchange its engine,
chassis, gear box, axle etc., In an existing system, the Regional Transport Office (RTO) only
determine an abstract of the vehicle and its owner. The vehicles are classified using piezo
sensor and inductive loop systems. The toll-plaza is used only collected fees from the vehicles
for maintain the quality roads. There are no authorized agencies allotted to identify the vehicle
checking and no possibilities to control the vehicle overloading. The proposed system, toll-plaza
will be act as a multi-plaza. Vehicles are classified with weight and speed. Then it is checking in
toll-plaza either passed or checked. In this paper, The system uses illumination (such as Infrared)
and a camera to take the image of the front or rear of the vehicle, then an extracts the plate
information. This data is used for enforcement and it can be used to open a gate if the vehicle is
checked with RTO data in toll-plaza. In vehicle checking, we develop new rules using a fuzzy
logic to improve the performance. The features of this system are implemented in the upgrading
vehicles only. It is used to control the overloading to maintain road safety and to identify the
theft vehicle to reduce the crime and terrorism. As Bharat Stage Emission (BSE) standard
vehicles are implemented in India very aggressively. The emission standard vehicles are
serviced only in authorized service centre not for doing and end root machines.
This number plate recognition system facilitates the police to enforce traffic rules & regulations, identify & detect the stolen vehicles, and find out the owner of the vehicles involved in a criminal case. Staff at a toll plaza use it as an electronic toll collection.
Comparative Study of Convolution Based Inpainting Algorithmsijsrd.com
Image Inpainting refers to restoring a damaged image in such a manner that manipulation and modification in an image is not recognizable by the observer. In this paper we have simulated and compared results of two different existing algorithms that are based on convolution as given by Oliveira and Hadhoud. The algorithm given by Hadhoud gives faster results but produces strokes in the resultant image while algorithm given by Oliveira is slow but fills the region from all the sides.
A Smart Approach to Number Plate Recognition in Tollgate System using FPGAijsrd.com
This paper reveals about the design and development of smart card for automated toll collection through number plate recognition. Since it is simpler and faster than the traditional token based ticket system, it has all the potential to replace the existing system. Moreover, it saves users valuable time by reducing the queue length in front of the toll counter. It is used to pay the amount automatically and open & close the toll gate automatically. We aim to reduce the time consumed to pay the toll gate amount and also to help the police department to trace the vehicle, incase if it was stolen or used for any illegal activities. As well as we are going to increase the security features in the toll gate because now a day's toll gate are the entrance to the main cities. If the Vehicle passed before paying the money the buzzer will automatically ring & the alert will be given to the police also. If any vehicle carries suspicious gas means the buzzer will ring so improved security than the existing systems. The entire system is developed as hardware based system using SPARTAN3 FPGA kit and associated devices. The software for this system has been developed using VHDL language developed in the Xilinx tool.
Vehicle plate recognition is a successful image processing technique used to recognize vehicles' plate numbers. There are several applications for this method which enlarge through many fields and attention groups. Vehicle plate recognition may be considered as an advertising equipment, for the purpose of traffic and border securities for law enforcement, and travel. Many methods have been accompanied to make this technique easy. This learning proposes an edge-detection method to allow a Plate Recognition System of a vehicle through the practical situations like the various environmental or meteorological conditions. Image processing tools are used to examine the plate area, resize it, and change it on the way to a gray scale earlier to filtering of the image in order to remove the unwanted areas. The obtained objects is processed in such a way that the number plate image and the information related to that is completely perfect The information of the obtained image is processed through the average deviation of the Gaussian filter (sigma).
Electronic Toll Collection System based on Radio Frequency Identification Sys...IJECEIAES
This papaer entitled electronic toll collection system based on Radio Frequncy Identification System explained in detail based on current issue at toll collection system. There are some obstacles faced every day where the users spent their valuable time in queue at tollgate due to traffic congestion as well as using traditional manual method in most existing toll ETC system to collect toll from road users. Besides that, the barrier design where each vehicle stop waiting until barrier lift which consider source of time delay. To tackle stated problems, an electronic toll collection system is proposed which based on RFID technology. The integrated system consists of two main sections, electronic sides where all input data received from while database management office is where all necessary information stored. To compare the current ETC system, in this research elaborated internet of things where all data transmit through cloud and then to the main office in real time. Not only that, there is some enhancement based on barrier design where, gate is remained open for all vehicles with sufficient tags without requiring to stop to eliminate time delay.By check system throughput compare to existing toll systems, various tests have been carried out in different method where proposed system throughput much higher percentage the current system.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
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Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
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Dip (1)
1. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013)
410
Image Processing Based Automatic Toll Booth in Indian
Conditions
Priyanka Chhoriya1
, Govinda Paliwal2
, Poonam Badhan3
Department of Computer Engineering, Sir Visvesvaraya Institute Of Technology Chincholi, Nasik
Tal. Sinnar, Dist-Nasik, Maharashtra.
Abstract— in this research paper we examine the image &
the respective information will be processing based toll
collection system and how to make more efficient and perfect.
On any toll both the vehicle has to stop for paying the toll. We
are trying to develop a system that would pay the toll
automatically and reduce the queue at the toll booth. In this
system camera is used for capturing the image of the vehicle
number plate. The captured image would be converted into
the text using ANPR and the toll would be cut from the
customer’s account and then open the gate.
Moreover in our system if a vehicle is stolen and an entry is
being made in the central database by the police then if the
vehicle passes through the toll both then silent alarm would
buzz which would indicate the operator at the toll booth that
the vehicle is a stolen vehicle.
For the identification of the vehicles, the information of the
vehicles is already stored on the central database. So captured
number will be sent to the server received at the toll.
Keywords— OCR, ANPR, IPTB, One Time Password,
Notification
I. INTRODUCTION
The purpose of this paper is collecting the toll according
to vehicles and builds the real time application which
recognizes vehicles licenses number plate at entry gate.
Automatic toll collection is considered as one of the
intelligent transport systems. It is aimed at making toll
taxation more efficient, reliable, and safe and environment
friendly. In the past, customer would have to wait at the toll
booth to pay the collector, creating traffic congestion,
pollution and of course of a lot of frustration. Today
Automatic toll collection successfully removes unnecessary
traffic delays; keep an eye on any car that might not be
correctly registered. Automated toll collection is fast
becoming a globally accepted of toll collection.
IPTB system is used as a system for fast and efficient
collection of toll at the toll plazas. This is possible as the
vehicles passing through the toll plaza do not need to stop
to pay toll and the payment automatically takes place from
the account of the user.
This automatic system used the technology of ANPR.
Hence this system works very fast with the best results.
This new toll system depends on four components.
AVI (automatic vehicle identification): Automatic
vehicle identification systems are used for the purpose
of effective control. License plate recognition (LPR)
is a form of automatic vehicle identification. It is an
image processing technology used to identify vehicles
by only their license plates. Real time LPR plays a
major role in automatic monitoring of traffic rules and
maintaining law enforcement on public roads. Since
every vehicle carries a unique license plate, no
external cards, tags or transmitters are required.
AVC (Automatic Vehicle Classification): In IPAT
(image processing automatic toll) system, AVC
automatically verifies the classifications of vehicles.
Because the vehicle is already classified at the time of
registration.
Traffic Controller System: Traffic controller system is
a computer system which manages the traffic in a
single row or line by using Traffic signals and
sensors.
Central Server: For more security and maintain
records of each toll and customers Central server is
required. A central server stores the data which comes
from different toll plaza. A local computer of every
toll plaza is connected to a central server through
Internet. The consumer / owner has to register in a
central server and deposit money in their account.
AVI and AVC totally depend on the vehicle license
number plate.
The benefits for the motorists include:
1. Less or shorter queues at toll plazas by increasing toll
booth service Turnaround rates.
2. Faster and more efficient service (no exchanging toll
fees by hand);
3. The ability to make payments by keeping a balance on
the register account.
4. The use of prepaid toll statements (no need to request
for receipts)
2. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013)
411
Other general advantages for the motorists include fuel
savings and reduced mobile emissions by reducing or
eliminating deceleration, waiting time, and acceleration.
Meanwhile, for the toll operators, the benefits include:
5. Lowered toll collection costs.
6. Better audit control by centralizing user accounts.
7. Expand capacity without building more
infrastructures.
II. RELATED WORK
“Number Plate Recognition for Use in Different
Countries Using an Improved Segmentation” [6] in this
paper focus was given on the segmentation algorithm that
was based on tagging the pixel cluster and a region
growing approach.
Shan Du, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Mohamed Shehata, Wael
Badawy [3] presents a comprehensive review of the state-
of-the-art techniques for ALPR.
“Automatic Number Plate Recognition” [7]. In this
paper two fastest algorithms Edge Finding Method and
Window Filtering Method for the better development of the
number plate detection system. A rare image of a vehicle is
captured and processed using algorithms and detection of
stolen vehicles performed.
Number plate extraction is done using a Sobel filter,
morphological operations and connected component
Analysis. Character segmentation is done by using
connected component and vertical projection analysis.
Character recognition is carried out using a Support Vector
machine (SVM) [4].
ANPR system [8] is very much useful in applications
like, automated traffic surveillance and tracking system,
automated highway/parking toll collection systems,
automation of petrol stations, travelling time monitoring. In
this paper, introduction of number plate segmentation,
feature extraction, recognition of character based on Neural
Network and syntax checking analysis of recognized
characters is described.
III. SYSTEM DESIGN
A.System Architecture- The process starts when a
sensor detects the presence of a vehicle and signals the
system camera to record an image of the passing vehicle.
The image is passed on to a computer where software
running, on the computer extracts the license plate number
from the image. LPN (License plate number) can then be
verified in a central database. If number valid for this
system then LPN recorded in a database with other
information such as vehicle number, time, balance,
personal details. License plate numbers can also be further
processed and be used to control other systems such as
raising a gate.
Fig 1: Structure of the system
These toll systems are generally composed of four main
components:
Sensor used for vehicle detection.
LPR Camera for capturing images.
Computer with TOLL and Image processing
software.
Gate controlled system.
3. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013)
412
A. ANPR SYSTEM (Automatic License plate recognition):
NO
NO
Fig 2: ANPR Flow
The algorithm proposed in designed to recognize
license plates of vehicles automatically. Input of the
system is the image of a vehicle captured by a
camera. The captured image taken from 4-5 meters
away is processed through the license plate extractor
with giving its output to segmentation part. The
segmentation part separates the characters
individually. And finally recognition part recognizes
the characters giving the result as the plate number.
For better performance of image to text conversion
high resolution camera is required.
High resolution Camera: captures the license plates
flawlessly in any weather condition and up to speeds
of 120 mph shows in fig 3.
Fig 3- High resolution camera
B. Template matching rule for Indian Number plate:
The Indian number plates following the new format can
be off lengths 8, 9 or 10. Format of the registration is as
shown below.
AA 11 BB 1111
Where AA is the two letter state code; 11 is the two digit
district code; 1111 is the unique license plate number and
BB are the optional alphabets if the 9999 numbers are used
up [1]. Using Validation and assumptions in string
checking improves the accuracy of template matching. For
example vehicle number is “OR 11 XX 1111”.If O matches
with 0 (zero) but in predefined format first two field fixed
for the character. Hence zero replace by O, similarly for B
and 8, 2 and Z.
IV. SOFTWARE AND SECURITY
A. Login with OTP(one time password) security:
In proposed system as toll operator point of view
provide OTP system. OTP is a password that is valid for
only one login session. OTP generation algorithms
typically make use of randomness. Any toll workers knows
ID and password but when enter the private details for
login then generate OTP and send to the toll operator
register mobile and then login with OTP, ID and password.
If all the details match then operator can login to the toll
system.
B. Toll operating software:
When vehicle enter in the toll plaza then toll software
automatically start. Shows in fig 4 in these application
firstly get vehicle licence plate number then check if
number is valid for these system then using TTV(text to
voice) read number in a speaker for driver confirmation.
Also check the balance in customer account and same time
check licence number in stolen vehicle database.
Start
Is the camera activated?
Input Image
Locate License plates
Is there any license plate?
Identify license number
Check for valid No.
License No. And vehicle class
4. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013)
413
NO
NO
No
No
Fig 4: Flow of Main Toll Operating software
C. Improved Database system and Other Facilities:
Fig 5- Database view with multiple tolls
In this research, Database plays a very important role.
Database of new toll system is divided into mainly three
parts:
1. Database Admin
2. Centralized database
3. Integrated database.
The central database is the heart of the whole database
system. Figure.5 shows the entire database view of the new
toll system. Firstly admin database contains details of
central database administrator and also the details of all toll
booths under Construction Company. Centralized database
consist record of all tollbooths under that specific
construction company. This central database will be
managed by a central administrator. The customer has to be
registered for this account to use this system. This account
information is stored along with the RTO database. When
the registered customer will pass through the specified toll
booths them automatically toll-charge will deducted from
customer's account. And Central database will update with
this information at a same time. After charge applied to the
vehicle, the customer will receive the information through
sms on his mobile using GSM modem. The customer can
see all his monthly or yearly transactions on his email
account.
Integrated database connected to the central database of
the system. Integrated database consist of Police database
and RTO database. Police database contains all stolen
vehicle records with their FIR number. This database will
update automatically. RTO database includes all registered
vehicles with details like vehicle owner, vehicle number,
licence number, account ID, account balance, current
charges, etc. Get vehicle information from RTO at
customer account registration time and when vehicles
number plate is captured then that number will match with
customer database and police database. If the number plate
is valid and no stolen vehicle record is found then
automatically charges deducted from customers account
and notify him through sms. All these records are
maintained at corresponding toll-booth and central database
of toll construction Company. These records can be seen by
account ID, Customers name or number of the vehicle. All
toll-booths records stored at central server and these
records could be seen and printed by day, date, month, and
year.
Start
Take proper
Action
Open the gate
Check license no?
Toll charge and balance
info sends (SMS & MAIL)
Check Balance
Check for stolen V
Using Text to voice convert,
Read plate no
Send SMS &
Mail notice
5. International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013)
414
Following are the snapshots of designed screens:
1. Login with central server or different tollbooths:
Fig 6: Login Window
2. Main Automatic and Semi automatic toll operating
form:
Fig 7: Main Module
V. CONCLUSION
Thus a system for Image Processing Based Automatic
Toll Booth in Indian Condition which is secure and highly
reliable can be obtained. It can be used to remove all
drawbacks with the current system such as time and human
effort and it also doesn’t require any tag only required best
quality camera and fixed font number plate.
Acknowledgment
We would like to thank Prof .Sharad M Rokade, Head of
computer department, Sir Visvesvaraya Institute Of
Technology Chincholi, Nasik, for his valuable guidance
and moral support, without which this paper would not
have been possible. We would also like to thank Prof
.Sham A Gade and all other people who have worked
earlier on this similar topic as their work has helped us a
lot.
REFERENCES
[1] Vehicle_Registration_Plates_of_India.Available:http://en.wikipedia.
org/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_India.
[2] Ward Nicholson, “License Plate Fonts of the Western
World”,Available at http://
www.leewardpro.com/articles/licplatefonts/licplate-fonts-intro.html
[3] Shan Du, Member, IEEE, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Mohamed
Shehata,Senior Member, IEEE and Wael Badawy, Senior
Member,IEEE,“Automatic License Plate Recognition (ALPR):State
of the Art Review”, Available at “ieeexplore.ieee.org” Vol 23, 07
june 2012.
[4] M. M. Shidore, S. P. Narot, “Number Plate Recognition for Indian
Vehicles”, in IJCSNS, Vol 11 No.2, Feb. 2011
[5] S Saha,S Basu, M Nasipuri, D K Basu,“License Plate Localization
from Vehicle Images: An Edge Based Multi-stage Approach”, in
International Journal of Recent Trends in Engineering (Computer
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[6] Ankush Roy Debarshi, Patanjali Ghoshal, “Number Plate
Recognition for Use in Different Countries Using an Improved
Segmentation”, Available at http://ieeexplore.ieee.org, Vol2, June
2012
[7] S.Kranthi, K.Pranathi, A.Srisaila,” Automatic Number Plate
Recognition”, available at http://ijict.org/, Vol 2, No 3 (July 2011).
[8] Subhash Tatale,Akhil Khare,“Real time ANPR for vehicle
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[9] “ANPR Manual - Tech liberty NZ”, Available:
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![International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering
Website: www.ijetae.com (ISSN 2250-2459, ISO 9001:2008 Certified Journal, Volume 3, Issue 4, April 2013)
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Other general advantages for the motorists include fuel
savings and reduced mobile emissions by reducing or
eliminating deceleration, waiting time, and acceleration.
Meanwhile, for the toll operators, the benefits include:
5. Lowered toll collection costs.
6. Better audit control by centralizing user accounts.
7. Expand capacity without building more
infrastructures.
II. RELATED WORK
“Number Plate Recognition for Use in Different
Countries Using an Improved Segmentation” [6] in this
paper focus was given on the segmentation algorithm that
was based on tagging the pixel cluster and a region
growing approach.
Shan Du, Mahmoud Ibrahim, Mohamed Shehata, Wael
Badawy [3] presents a comprehensive review of the state-
of-the-art techniques for ALPR.
“Automatic Number Plate Recognition” [7]. In this
paper two fastest algorithms Edge Finding Method and
Window Filtering Method for the better development of the
number plate detection system. A rare image of a vehicle is
captured and processed using algorithms and detection of
stolen vehicles performed.
Number plate extraction is done using a Sobel filter,
morphological operations and connected component
Analysis. Character segmentation is done by using
connected component and vertical projection analysis.
Character recognition is carried out using a Support Vector
machine (SVM) [4].
ANPR system [8] is very much useful in applications
like, automated traffic surveillance and tracking system,
automated highway/parking toll collection systems,
automation of petrol stations, travelling time monitoring. In
this paper, introduction of number plate segmentation,
feature extraction, recognition of character based on Neural
Network and syntax checking analysis of recognized
characters is described.
III. SYSTEM DESIGN
A.System Architecture- The process starts when a
sensor detects the presence of a vehicle and signals the
system camera to record an image of the passing vehicle.
The image is passed on to a computer where software
running, on the computer extracts the license plate number
from the image. LPN (License plate number) can then be
verified in a central database. If number valid for this
system then LPN recorded in a database with other
information such as vehicle number, time, balance,
personal details. License plate numbers can also be further
processed and be used to control other systems such as
raising a gate.
Fig 1: Structure of the system
These toll systems are generally composed of four main
components:
Sensor used for vehicle detection.
LPR Camera for capturing images.
Computer with TOLL and Image processing
software.
Gate controlled system.](data:image/gif;base64,R0lGODlhAQABAIAAAAAAAP///yH5BAEAAAAALAAAAAABAAEAAAIBRAA7)