The digitalization of modern life
  and the Creative Commons
Mathias Klang         @klang67
CULTURAL RELATIVISM
“...civilization is not something
absolute, but ... is relative, and ...
our ideas and conceptions are true
only so far as our civilization goes.”



                         Franz Boas (1887)
Siberian/Thuvan throat singing
STEP 1: STATE THE OBVIOUS
DIGITALIZATION CHANGED EVERYTHING
Digitalization 
Internet 
WWW 
Fixed cost connections 
Storage Costs 
web2.0 
Devices 
Social Media 
TECHNOLOGY controls how and
what we interact, create & THINK
AFFORDANCES
spot the ethical dilemma?
Language technology
Authorship & copyright are inventions of technology
Exodus 20:14




THE WICKED BIBLE (1631)
Wheras printers, booksellers, and other persons,
        have of late frequently taken the liberty of
 printing... books, and other writings, without the
      consent of the authors... to their very great
detriment, and too often to the ruin of them and
     their families: For preventing therefore such
               practices for the future, and for the
 encouragement of learned men to compose and
                               write useful books…


STATUTE OF ANNE (1710)
Expanding rights
Oscar Wilde nr 18
     av Napoleon Sarony




“entirely from his own mental
conception, to which he gave visible
form”

”useful, new, harmonious,
characteristic, and graceful picture.”
User generated
        content

      THE
   SOCIAL
  CENTURY
Monopolies in copying & delivery
systems
Lag (1960) om upphovsrätt till
litterära och konstnärliga verk
LAG (1960) OM UPPHOVSRÄTT TILL LITTERÄRA OCH KONSTNÄRLIGA VERK
Anything that is in the world when you’re born is 
 normal and ordinary and is just a natural part of 
     the way the world works. Anything that’s 
invented between when you’re fifteen and thirty­
  five is new and exciting and revolutionary and 
    you can probably get a career in it. Anything 
   invented after you’re thirty­five is against the 
              natural order of things.
What’s
                     protected?
Almost everything!
”VERKSHÖJD”   BIRD RED SLICE by Koko (1984)
Donald Duck by Walt Disney   Arne Anka av Charlie Christensen



idea/expression dichotomy
copying
digitalization
Analog / Digital
•   Copy inferior          •   There is no copy
•   Limited nr of copies   •   Infinite nr
•   Copying in real time   •   Timeless
•   Cost                   •   Without cost
LIFE & DEATH
        OF
BUSINESS MODELS
Why pirate?
Because we can?
Because we must?
Because we don’t care?
34
35
LAW & MORALITY
LAW REGULATES WHAT IS, NOT
     WHAT SHOULD BE
STEP 2: LAW & ETHICS TAXONOMY
ethical




                      Homage


illegal                        legal




          unethical
The Battleship Potemkin 1925 - Odessa Steps scene – director Sergei M.
Eisenstein
The Untouchables (1987) film directed by Brian De Palma
ethical




                       Homage


illegal                               legal



                      Cross Culture




          unethical
Kill Bill part 1 & 2 (2003) & (2004) by writer/director Quentin Tarantino
ethical




          AMV                Homage


illegal                                     legal



                            Cross Culture




                unethical
FMA AMV Gimme a Man After Midnight - Abba
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V_xB-RFOZDs
ethical




          AMV                Homage


illegal                                     legal




           ?                Cross Culture




                unethical
creating artificial barriers
Law




   Contextual &
programmed social
       rules




   Architecture
Contextual &
programmed social
       rules
NORMS FROM ABOVE
ANTI-PIRACY AD
Anti-Piracy Advertisement
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5SmrHNWhak
REACTION “FROM
        BELOW”
IT CROWD PARODY warning parody
 The IT Crowd - Series 2 - Episode 3: Piracy
 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUNfynI8bdA
WHAT TO DO?
“THE FIRST THING WE DO, LET'S KILL ALL THE
               LAWYERS”
dead TRee as NORM
two dominant truths

1. No cash, No Creation
2. Everything Is property
DIGITALIZATION

CONNECTIVITY

DEVICES

STORAGE
the theoretically possible
becomes the inevitable…
the (slow) death of the analog age… or is it?
Two incredible & strange
  ideas… that WORKED
STALLMAN PROVED EMPIRICALLY THAT
ECONOMIC RETURNS WERE NOT A
REQUIREMENT FOR CREATION…


But geeks are different?
WALES PROVED STALLMAN’S IDEAS SCALED
& APPLIED TO NON-SPECIALIST GROUPS


Yet we still cling to the analogue myths.
Social technology
Blogger 1999
Google 1999




               End of communications monopoly
THEORETICAL
  & POSSIBLE
    BECOMES
  INEVITABLE
Four limitations
How to License
Germany 2011

Israel 2011: TA 3560/09, 3561/09, Avi Re'uveni v. Mapa inc.

Belgium 2010: 09-1684-A (Lichôdmapwa v. L'asbl Festival de Theatre de
Spa)

The Netherlands, 2006: Curry v. Audax

Spain 2006: SGAE v. Fernandez



 Case law
THANKS!
Mathias Klang
     klang@ituniv.se or @klang67
           www.digital-rights.net

Image & licensing info in the notes
                  section of slides.
    Images at www.flickr.com (or
               specifically stated).

        This ppt licensed: Creative
              Commons BY-NC-SA

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Digitalization of culture and Creative Commons

Editor's Notes

  • #2 ipad desk by thms.nl cc by
  • #3 Why do you do this every day? from edmittance cc by nc sa
  • #4 culture is not a crime from Dawn Endico cc by
  • #5 Franz Boas 1887 "Museums of Ethnology and their classification" Science 9: 589 Malmø by Alio. cc by nc sa
  • #6 Siberian/Thuvan throat singing
  • #7 Hiding Behind the Obvious from andrea.rose cc by
  • #8 Gavin protests from Mllerustad cc by
  • #9 An Apple in the dark 2 by Nelson Biagio Jr cc by nc sa
  • #10 Habermas om Informationssystem 24 november 2004 Mathias Klang <klang@informatik.gu.se>
  • #11 Photgrapher Unknown Source http://architectures.danlockton.co.uk/2006/10/05/anti-homeless-benches-in-tokyo/
  • #12 Lost by Stéfan cc by nc sa
  • #13 pen & wax tablet is a fresco from the walls of Pompeii - 1st century CE
  • #14 A 1631 King James Bible, known as the "Wicked Bible, ” contains an error in Exodus 20:14, where the Seventh Commandment reads, "Thou shalt commit adultery." The printers, Robert Barker and Martin Lucas, are said to have been fined 300 pounds for the offense, a huge sum at that time, and had their printers' license revoked. It is believed that only 11 of the original 1,000 have survived.
  • #15 teknologireglering 29 januari 2008 Mathias Klang <klang@informatik.gu.se> George Orwell. Nineteen Eighty-Four (1949)
  • #16 Tripita Hugo from @Serg1o cc by nc sa Statute of Anne 1710 LAG OM ÄGANDERÄTT TILL SKRIFT (1877)
  • #17 Untitled from Kennedy Garrett cc by Expansion of what it protects (Learned men  Culture) Expansion in length of protection Expansion of expressions (Text  Images  Buildings etc) Internationalization
  • #18 Oscar Wilde nr 18 av Napoleon Sarony Burrow-Giles Lithographic Co. v. Sarony, 111 U.S. 53 (1884).
  • #19 Howl from CaptPiper cc by
  • #20 1888 - Kodak nr 1 Första massproducerade lådkameran Enkel att använda Bärbar Kort exponeringstid
  • #21 POLICE ON THEIR BACK from jean-fabien cc by nc nd
  • #22 Law and Prophets from Lawrence OP cc by nc nd
  • #23 Upphovsrätten bygger på idén att det alster som någon, vem som helst, du eller jag, eller någon annan, skapat , också skall ha rätt att bestämma över detta verk på samma sätt som om det vore en ägodel . Om man ser upphovsrättens verk som en sak , är det lättare att förstå hur principerna och regelkomplexet runt detta. Ingen av oss skulle väl kunna tänka sig att utan lov , gå in till grannen och ta med sig de saker som finns där efter tycke och smak. Dessutom är det brottsligt och kallas för stöld . När det gäller upphovsrätten gäller samma regler, fast vi använder andra ord, upphovsrättsintrång t ex. Att skydda upphovsrätten har ansetts vara viktigt över hela världen. Det finns världsomspännande regler på området. Bernkonventionen från 1898 är den äldsta.
  • #26 delorean-complexity reducer from visualpanic cc by
  • #27 BIRD RED SLICE by Koko Abstract by Koko. 10 x 12 acrylic on canvas, 1984 http://www.koko.org/world/art_abstracts.html#UNTITLED2 Koko (born July 4, 1971, at San Francisco Zoo) is a Western Lowland Gorilla who, according to Francine 'Penny' Patterson, is able to understand more than 1,000 signs based on American Sign Language, [1] and understand approximately 2,000 words of spoken English. [2] . As with other ape language experiments, the degree to which Koko masters these signs has been controversial, as has been the degree to which such mastery demonstrates language abilities. Koko has lived most of her life in Woodside, California, although a move to a sanctuary in Maui, Hawaii, has been planned since the 1990s. [3] . Koko is short for the name Hanabiko ( 花火子 , lit. "fireworks child" ? ) in Japanese, a reference to her date of birth, the Fourth of July. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koko_%28gorilla%29
  • #29 Family Cycle Train from Amsterdamize cc by sa
  • #30 Untitled from Kennedy Garrett cc by
  • #31 Blyth beach huts from freefotouk cc by nc
  • #32 Death will stare at me out of your... from woo is not a china girl cc by nc sa
  • #33 painter from tinou bao cc by
  • #34 Photographer: Unknown 2009 in Westbury-sub-Mendip phone booth turned into small 24-hour library
  • #36 Informationspolitik 30 november 2005 Mathias Klang <klang@informatik.gu.se>
  • #39 Fork It from KayVee.INC cc by nc sa
  • #40 Nun bowling, anyone? by .candy Nun bowling, anyone? from .candy cc by nd
  • #41 T-Rex from mistagrrr cc by
  • #43 The Battleship Potemkin 1925 - Odessa Steps scene – director Sergei M. Eisenstein
  • #44 The Untouchables (1987) film directed by Brian De Palma
  • #46 Kill Bill part 1 & 2 (2003) & (2004) by writer/director Quentin Tarantino
  • #48 FMA AMV Gimme a Man After Midnight - Abba http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=V_xB-RFOZDs
  • #50 Berlin Wall by Mathias Klang cc by nc
  • #51 Iceberg from sweart cc by nc sa
  • #54 Part of the The Sistine Chapel ceiling, painted by Michelangelo between 1508 and 1512 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sistine_Chapel_ceiling
  • #55 Anti-Piracy Advertisement http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l5SmrHNWhak
  • #56 Mask from Ben Fredericson (xjrlokix) cc by
  • #57 The IT Crowd - Series 2 - Episode 3: Piracy warning parody http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VUNfynI8bdA
  • #58 Come fa la mucca? from Skiwalker79 cc by nc sa
  • #59 Shakespeare's - Globe Theatre from Cyberslayer cc by nc sa Henry VI (Part 2) Act 4, scene 2 - William Shakespeare
  • #60 Tree Silhouette copy from rjg329 cc by nc sa
  • #61 goldfish from a_trotskyite cc by nc sa
  • #62 I just couldn ’t live with myself... from Eric "Claptøn" Nelsøn cc by nc sa
  • #63 Came hame háááá! from R'eyes cc by
  • #64 What's the Story ebook on iPad and... from shiftstigma cc by nc sa
  • #66 Question Everything by dullhunk cc by nc sa
  • #67 Four Boxes from Bright Tal cc by nc sa
  • #68 Thinking Stallman by nauj27 cc by nc sa
  • #70 800px-JimmyWalesJI5 by joi ito cc by (Cropped)
  • #72 Radiohead Crowd from Samuel Stroube cc by nc sa
  • #73 2001 Wikipedia, Tripadvisor 2002 Linkedin 2003 Pirate Bay, MySpace, Second Life, Wordfeud 2004 Facebook, digg 2005 Youtube 2006 Twitter, Spotify, Slideshare 2007 iPhone 2009 Klout, Farmville, Quora, Foursquare, Kickstarter 2010 Wordfeud, Instagram 2011 Google+
  • #74 Late for his own funeral from Fuyoh! cc by
  • #75 Creative Commons from karindalziel cc by.jpg
  • #76 Crocodile's eye from Tambako the Jaguar cc by nd
  • #81 Day 78 - Peace by lintmachine cc by nc sa
  • #82 never to be seen again from *sean cc by
  • #84 Protection 4 from Jasmin Cormier cc by nc Creative Commons – en guide för lärare Skolverket
  • #85 Brown Bagged Goof from privatenobby cc by nc sa
  • #86 Eyes ! (Youth from Antikythera!) by agelakis cc by nc sa