Digestive system introduction ptt with detail explanation of digestive system and introduction give little idea of digestive system the ppt conatain full of daigrams which will take your intrest and you will love to study

2. FOOD
MECHANICAL &
ENZYMATIC BREAKDOWN
ABSORBTION
NUTRITON
COMSUMPTION OF HEATHY ADULT :
SOLID : 1 KG
LIQUID : 1 TO 2 L

4. DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
GASTRO INTESTINAL
TRACT/ALIMENTARTY
CANAL
PRIMARY DIGESTIVE
ORGANS
ACCESSORY DIGESTIVE
ORGANS
GI TRACT :
• TUBULAR
STRUCTURE
• FROM MOUTH
TO ANUS
• 30 FEET

5. PRIMARY
DIGESTIVE
ORGANS
• MOUTH
• PHARNYX
• ESOPHAGUS
• STOMACH
• SMALL INTESTINE
• LARGE INTESTINE
ACCESSORY
DIGESTIVE
ORGANS
• TEETH
• TONGUE
• SALIVARY GLANDS
• EXOCRINE PART OF PANCREAS
• LIVER
• GALL BLADDER
FUNCTION :
CARRY OUT
ACTUAL
DIGESTION
FUNCTION :
HELP PRIMARY
DIGESTIVE
ORGANS

6. G.I.
TRACT

7. FUNCTIONS
OF
DIGESTIVE
ORGANS

8. 4 LAYERS
• MUCUS LAYER
• SUBMUCUS LAYER
• MUSCULAR LAYER
• SEROUS/FIBROUS LAYER
INSIDE
OUTSIDE

9. LAYERS OF
G.I.TRACT

10. 1
MUCUS
LAYER
 INNERMOST LAYER.
 ALSO CALLED
GASTROINTESTINAL
MUCOSA/MUCUS.
 FACES THE G.I. TRACT
3 LAYERS :
1. EPITHILIAL
LINING
2. LAMINA
PROPRIA
3. MUSCULARIS
MUCOSA

11. • IS IN CONTACT WITH THE CONTENTS OF G.I. TRACT
• TYPE OF CELLS VARIES IN DIFFERENT PARTS :
1. INNER SURFACE OF MOUTH, SURFACE OF TONGUE,
INNER SURFACE OF PHARNYX AND ESOPHAGUS =
STRATIFIED SQUAMOUS EPITHELIAL CELLS.
2. STOMACH, SMALL INTESTINE AND LARGE INTESTINE =
COLUMNAR EPITHELIAL CAELLS.
• FORMED BY CONNECTIVE TISSUES
CONTAINING FIBROBLASTS,
MACROPHAGEES, LYMPHOCYTES AND
EOSINOPHILS
• CONSISTS OF A THIN LAYER OF SMOOTH
MUSCLES FIBRES
• ABSENT IN = MOUTH AND PHARNYX
• PRESENT IN = ESOPHAGUS ONWARDS
EPITHELIA
L LINING
MUSCULAR
IS MUCOSA
LAMINA
PROPRIA

12. SUBMUCUS
LAYER
2
• PRESENT IN ALL PARTS OF G.I. TRACT
EXCEPT MOUTH AND PHARNYX
• CONTAINS LOOSE COLLAGEN FIBERS,
RETICULAR FIBERS AND FEW CELLS OF
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
• ALSO CONTAINS BLOOD VESSLES,
LYMPHATIC VESSELS AND NERVE
PLEXUS [MEISSNER PLEXUS]
--O--
MEISSNER
PLEXUS/
SUBMUCUS NERVE
PLEXUS

13. INTESTINAL
WALL WITH
INTRINSIC
NERVE
PLEXUS

14. MUSCLULAR
LAYER
3 • SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBRES :
LIPS, CHEEKS, WALL OF
PHARYNX
• SKELETAL AND SMOOTH
MUSCLES FIBRES : ESOPHAGUS
• SMOOTH MUSCLES FIBRES :
WALL OF STOMACH AND
INTESTINE
• AUERBACH PLEXUS : BETWEEN
CIRCULAR AND LONGITUDINAL
MUSCLE FIBRES
• INTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER :
SMOOTH MUSCLE FIBRES
(INNER CIRCULAR LAYER OF
ANAL CANAL)
• EXTERNAL ANAL SPHINCTER :
SKELETAL MUSCLE FIBRES
SMOOTH
MUSCLE
FIBRES
INNER
LAYER
MIDDLE
LAYER
OUTER
LAYER
STOMACH OBLIQUE CIRCULAR LONGITU
DINAL
INTESTIN
E
CIRCULAR --- LONGITU
DINAL

15. SEROUS/
FIBROUS
LAYER
4
OUTERMOST LAYER OF G.I. TRACT
SEROUS LAYER/SEROSA FIBROUS LAYER/FIBROSA
CONTENT :
CONNECTIVE TISSUE,
MESOEPITHELIAL CELLS
LOCATION :
STOMACH,
SMALL INTESTINE,
LARGE INTESTINE
CONTENT :
CONNECTIVE TISSUE
LOCATION :
PHARYNX,
ESOPHAGUS

16. NERVE SUPPLY
INTRINSIC
PLEXUS
AUERBACH
PLEXUS
MEISSNER
PLEXUS
EXTRINSIC
AUTONOMIC
NERVOUS
SYSTEM
SYMPATHETIC
PARASYMPATHETIC
FORMS
ENTERIC
NERVOUS
SYSTEM
CONTROLS
THE
ENTERIC
NERVOUS
SYSTEM

17. • PRESENT WITHIN THE WALL OF THE G.I. TRACT
(FROM OESOPHAGUS TO ANUS)
• CONTROLS ALL THE SECRETION AND MOVEMENTS OF
G.I. TRACT
• NETWORK OF NERVE FIBRES ARE CALLED PLEXUS,IN
THIS SYSTEM THERE ARE TWO MAJOR PLEXUS :
1. AUERBACH PLEXUS
2. MEISSNER PLEXUS
• THESE NERVES PLEXUS CONTAIN NERVE CELL BODIES,
PROCESSE OF NERVE CELLS AND THE RECEPTORS
• G.I. TRACT HAVE STRECTH AND CHEMO RECEPTORS

18. • THE ENTERIC NERVOUS SYSTEM IS KNOWN AS THE “SECOND
BRAIN”
• IT CAN OPERATE INDEPENDENTLY OF THE BRAIN AND SPINAL
CORD, THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
• IT HAS ALSO BEEN CALLED THE ‘FIRST BRAIN’ BASED ON
EVIDENCE SUGGESTING THAT THE ENS EVOLVED BEOFRE THE
CNS

19. AUERBACH
PLEXUS
• LOCATION :
BETWEEN INNER CIRCULAR MUSCLE AND OUTER
LONGITUDINAL MUSCLE
• FUNCTION :
REGULATE MOVEMENTS OF G.I. TRACT
ACCELERATE BY EXCITATORY
NEUROTRANSMITTER:
ACETYLCHOLINE,
SEROTONIN, SUBSTANCE P,ETC.
INHIBIT BY INHIBITORY
NEUROTRANSMITTER:
VASOACTIVE INTESTINAL PEPTIDE(VIP),
NEUROTENSIN, ENKEPHALIN,ETC. MYENTRIC
PLEXUS

20. MEISSNER
PLEXUS
• LOCATION:
BETWEEN MUSCULAR LAYER AND
SUBMUSCOSAL LAYER
• FUNCTIONS:
1.REGULATE SECRETIONS
2.NERVE FIBRE CAUSE CONSTRICTION OF
BLOOD VESSELS
SUBMUCOSAL
PLEXUS

21. • CONTROLS THE ENTERIC
NERVOUS SYSTEM
• BOTH SYMPATHETIC AND
PARASYMPATHETIC DIVISIONS OF
AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM
INNERVATE THE G.I. TRACT

22. EXTRINSIC
NERVE
SUPPLY
TO
G.I.
TRACT

23. SYMPATHETIC
NERVE
FIBRES
PARTS OF G.I. TRACT
POST GANGLIONIC FIBRE
CELIAC AND MESENTRIC GANGLIA
PREGANGLIONIC FIBRE
LETERAL HORN OF SPINAL CORD (T5 TO L2)
FUNCTION:
• INHIBIT THE MOVEMENT AND DECREASE THE SECRETION BY SECRETING
NEUROTRANSMITTER NONADRENALINE
• CAUSES CONTRACTIONS OF SPHINCTERS
--O--
CELIAC:
ESOPHAGUS,
STOMACH,S.I.
MESENTRIC:
L.I.

24. PARTS OF G.I. TRACT
POST GANGLIONIC FIBRE
SYNAPSE (WITH POSTGANGLIONIC IN BOTH PLEXUS)
PREGANGLIONIC FIBRE
LETERAL HORN OF SPINAL CORD (C & S 1,2,3)
FUNCTION:
• ACCELERATE THE MOVEMENT AND INCREASE THE SECRETION BY
SECRETING NEUROTRANSMITTER ACETYLCHOLINE
• CAUSES DILATION OF SPHINCTERS
PARASYMPATHETIC
NERVE FIBRES

25. PREGANGLIONIC PARASYMPATHETIC NERVE FIBRES TRAVEL TO
THE ORGANS WITH THE HELP OF FOLLOWING NERVES:
CRANIAL NERVES:
• GLOSSOPHARYNGEAL NERVE(9TH):
MOUTH AND SALIVAERY GLANDS
• VAGUS NERVE(10TH):
ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, SMALL INTESTINE
AND UPPER PART OF LARGE INTESTINE
SACRAL NERVE:
• PELVIC NERVE:
LOWER PART OF LARGE INTESTINE