different primates all over the world
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The document discusses primates and their classification. It describes the distinguishing characteristics between prosimians and anthropoids, and between apes and humans. The closest family to humans is identified as chimpanzees, with whom we share 99% of proteins and genes. The document provides details on the taxonomy of primates including their orders, suborders, and families. It outlines differences between prosimians and anthropoids, and between apes and humans in terms of locomotion, brain size, food intake, skin/hair, and female sexuality. References used are cited.
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This document summarizes the evolution of primates and hominids over time. It discusses the earliest primates like prosimians that emerged 58 million years ago. Subsequent groups discussed include monkeys, apes, hominids, and several human ancestors like Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Neanderthals, and Homo sapiens. Key adaptations that enabled primates and hominids to evolve are also summarized.
PRIMATES (ORDER) Suborder Infraorder S.docx
PRIMATES
(ORDER)
Suborder
Infraorder
Superfamily
Family
Sub-‐family
Hominoid
Common
Names
STREPSIRHINES
HAPLORHINES
Platyrrhines
Catarrhines
Hominoids
Cercopithecoids
Cercopithecids
Gibbons
Siamangs
HylobaCds
Pongids
Hominids
Chimp
Gorilla
Bonobo
Orangutan
Humans
Cercopithecines
Colobines
Baboons
Macaques
Guenons
Colobus
monkeys
Langurs
Tarsiers
Ceboids
Calltrichids
Cebids
Atelids
Lemurs
Lorises
Galagos
PRIMATES
(what
YOU
need
to
know)
STREPSIRHINES
HAPLORHINES
LEMURS,
LORISES,
GALAGOS
Platyrrhines
Catarrhines
Hominoids
Cercopithecoids
LESSER
APES
Gibbons
Siamangs
GREAT
APES
Chimp
Gorilla
Bonobo
Orangutan
HUMANS!
OLD
WORLD
MONKEYS
Baboons
(Also
macaques,
guenons,
colobus
monkeys,
langurs)
Tarsiers
NEW
WORLD
MONKEYS
Know
an
example
(e.g.,
tamarins)
Cercopithecines
Colobines
ATH 2100_Exam 2_Review
Key Terms:
Taxonomy Phylogeny Ancestral/Derived Traits Foraging Strategy
Dental formula Heterodont Knuckle-walking Strepsirhine/Haplorhine
Platyrrhine/Catarrhine Cercopithecoid Hominoid/Hominid/Hominin Adaptive Radiation
Paleoanthropology Taphonomy Relative vs Chronometric dating
Law of Superposition Homology Homoplasy Phylogram/Phylogenetic Tree
Cladogram Parsimony Convergent Evolution Plesiadapiformes
Ethogram Sampling methods
Key Concepts:
How is Linnean taxonomy organized?
Where do primates fit into Linnean taxonomy?
What are the ancestral traits that unite primates with other mammals?
What are the derived traits that unite primates compared to mammals? (Be specific!)
What are the different types of primate diets? How does diet influence activity and foraging strategies?
What are the different forms of locomotion found in primates? How is this reflected in their anatomies?
What are characteristics of each major primate taxonomic group? (Strepsirhines, Haplorhines, Platyrrhines, Catarrhines, Hominoids, Cercopithecines, Colobines)
What’s the deal with the tarsier?
Pay attention to the social behavior of great apes. How are they different from other primates?
Compare chimpanzee and bonobo behaviors.
Why live in a group as a primate?
What ways do they adapt to living in groups?
Different mating/social systems (polygyny, polyandry, monogamy, solitary)
When and why do we see sexual dimorphism? When don’t we see sexual dimorphism?
How is human language different from non-human primate language?
What have we learned from Great Ape language studies?
What are some arguments to support culture in apes?
Primate conservation
Primates as models
How do we get fossils? Methods of dating fossils
What are the different methods of classification? What traits do each use?.
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Addresses the issue of race definitions, the souces of modern human variaton, and the Hardy-Weinberg Equilibirum
Dinosaurs
Dinosaurs dominated land for over 160 million years. Birds evolved from small feathered theropod dinosaurs and are now considered a type of dinosaur. While sauropods like Brachiosaurus were the largest at over 30 meters long, small feathered dinosaurs like Microraptor were only around a chicken's size. Dinosaurs displayed a diversity of body shapes, sizes, diets and behaviors during their long reign.
Hominid evolution
The document summarizes key developments in hominid evolution from the earliest hominids to Neanderthals. It notes that bipedal locomotion first emerged around 2 million years ago in early hominids like Australopithecus. This was followed by other changes like brain expansion and changes to the face, teeth and jaws. Early hominid species included Australopithecus afarensis, Australopithecus africanus, and the more robust Australopithecus robustus. Around 2 million years ago, the first species of the genus Homo evolved, including Homo habilis and Homo erectus, which had larger brains and used stone tools. Homo erect
Dinosaurs1a
There were two main groups of dinosaurs, the saurischians which had reptile-like hips and included two-legged meat-eaters like tyrannosaurs and large four-legged plant-eaters with long necks. The ornithischians had bird-like hips and included two or four-legged plant-eaters like ornithopods, ceratopsians, ankylosaurs and stegosaurs. During this time pterosaurs flew in the skies, marine reptiles like ichthyosaurs and plesiosaurs swam in the seas, and small mammals also inhabited the land.
Australopithecus
Australopithecus was an early hominin genus that evolved in eastern Africa around 4 million years ago. They stood between 1.2 to 1.4 meters tall and had brains that were about 35% the size of modern humans. Australopithecus was bipedal and ate fruits, vegetables, and tubers. One species of Australopithecus is believed to have evolved into the genus Homo around 2 million years ago in Africa, playing an important role in human evolution.
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Similar to different primates all over the world
Human Evolution-102 online notes.pptx
This document summarizes the evolution of primates and hominids over time. It discusses the earliest primates like prosimians that emerged 58 million years ago. Subsequent groups discussed include monkeys, apes, hominids, and several human ancestors like Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Neanderthals, and Homo sapiens. Key adaptations that enabled primates and hominids to evolve are also summarized.
PRIMATES (ORDER) Suborder Infraorder S.docx
PRIMATES
(ORDER)
Suborder
Infraorder
Superfamily
Family
Sub-‐family
Hominoid
Common
Names
STREPSIRHINES
HAPLORHINES
Platyrrhines
Catarrhines
Hominoids
Cercopithecoids
Cercopithecids
Gibbons
Siamangs
HylobaCds
Pongids
Hominids
Chimp
Gorilla
Bonobo
Orangutan
Humans
Cercopithecines
Colobines
Baboons
Macaques
Guenons
Colobus
monkeys
Langurs
Tarsiers
Ceboids
Calltrichids
Cebids
Atelids
Lemurs
Lorises
Galagos
PRIMATES
(what
YOU
need
to
know)
STREPSIRHINES
HAPLORHINES
LEMURS,
LORISES,
GALAGOS
Platyrrhines
Catarrhines
Hominoids
Cercopithecoids
LESSER
APES
Gibbons
Siamangs
GREAT
APES
Chimp
Gorilla
Bonobo
Orangutan
HUMANS!
OLD
WORLD
MONKEYS
Baboons
(Also
macaques,
guenons,
colobus
monkeys,
langurs)
Tarsiers
NEW
WORLD
MONKEYS
Know
an
example
(e.g.,
tamarins)
Cercopithecines
Colobines
ATH 2100_Exam 2_Review
Key Terms:
Taxonomy Phylogeny Ancestral/Derived Traits Foraging Strategy
Dental formula Heterodont Knuckle-walking Strepsirhine/Haplorhine
Platyrrhine/Catarrhine Cercopithecoid Hominoid/Hominid/Hominin Adaptive Radiation
Paleoanthropology Taphonomy Relative vs Chronometric dating
Law of Superposition Homology Homoplasy Phylogram/Phylogenetic Tree
Cladogram Parsimony Convergent Evolution Plesiadapiformes
Ethogram Sampling methods
Key Concepts:
How is Linnean taxonomy organized?
Where do primates fit into Linnean taxonomy?
What are the ancestral traits that unite primates with other mammals?
What are the derived traits that unite primates compared to mammals? (Be specific!)
What are the different types of primate diets? How does diet influence activity and foraging strategies?
What are the different forms of locomotion found in primates? How is this reflected in their anatomies?
What are characteristics of each major primate taxonomic group? (Strepsirhines, Haplorhines, Platyrrhines, Catarrhines, Hominoids, Cercopithecines, Colobines)
What’s the deal with the tarsier?
Pay attention to the social behavior of great apes. How are they different from other primates?
Compare chimpanzee and bonobo behaviors.
Why live in a group as a primate?
What ways do they adapt to living in groups?
Different mating/social systems (polygyny, polyandry, monogamy, solitary)
When and why do we see sexual dimorphism? When don’t we see sexual dimorphism?
How is human language different from non-human primate language?
What have we learned from Great Ape language studies?
What are some arguments to support culture in apes?
Primate conservation
Primates as models
How do we get fossils? Methods of dating fossils
What are the different methods of classification? What traits do each use?.
The art of classification
The document provides an overview of biological classification, explaining the hierarchical system used to classify organisms from the broadest to most specific levels. It discusses the three domains of life - Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya - and describes the levels of classification including kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. It also provides examples of common organisms and where they are classified.
Ch. 15 Hominin Evolution
This document discusses hominin evolution and classification. It begins by classifying humans as mammals within the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, and order Primates. It then describes several early hominin species like Australopithecus afarensis and Homo habilis. Key developments discussed include bipedalism, brain growth, and basic tool use. The document also notes the emergence and spread of Homo erectus and later species like Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens.
H.evolution honors final
This document discusses human evolution and classification. It explains that Charles Darwin proposed that humans and apes shared a common ancestor, though he lacked evidence. It then classifies humans in the taxonomic hierarchy and describes the key characteristics of chordates, mammals, primates, hominids, and humans. These include traits like hair, mammary glands, brain size, bipedalism, and others that distinguish humans from other species.
Human Evolution
This document provides an overview of primate and hominid evolution from early primates to modern humans. It describes key developments such as the evolution of binocular vision and grasping limbs in early primates. Important hominid species discussed include Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Neanderthals, Homo floresiensis, and Homo sapiens. Adaptations to bipedalism and expanding brain size in hominids are highlighted.
Tracing the human evolution
The document traces human evolution from primates to modern humans based on fossil and genetic evidence. Key events include:
- Primates diverged from other mammals around 55 million years ago, with the earliest primate fossil dated to 65 million years ago.
- The earliest hominins, like Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6-7 million years ago, displayed both ape-like and human-like traits.
- Species like Australopithecus afarensis from 3-2.9 million years ago were the first to walk fully upright.
- Homo habilis and Homo erectus, dating back to 2.3 million and 1.8 million years ago respectively
Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds
Lucy is the name given to a collection of fossil bones representing around 40% of the skeleton of an Australopithecus afarensis individual that lived 3.2 million years ago. The discovery of Lucy provided evidence that bipedalism preceded increases in brain size in human evolution. The fossils were discovered in 1974 and nicknamed "Lucy" after the Beatles song that was playing on a tape recorder at the excavation site.
Biology
There is no consensus on the evolutionary history of hominids due to an incomplete fossil record. This presentation will provide a brief overview of hominid evolution from the beginning of life in the Tertiary period to modern Homo sapiens. While the exact timeline is uncertain, evidence suggests early hominids like Australopithecus emerged around 4-5 million years ago in Africa. Traits like reduced canine teeth and bipedalism developed over time. Later species such as Homo habilis and Homo erectus had larger brains and more human-like features. Anatomically modern humans are believed to have evolved around 200,000 years ago in Africa.
Human Evolution - The drastic change
Humans have originated from primates.Through this .............
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A Presentation on MONKEY TO MAN . pptx 1
While humans did not evolve from modern monkeys or apes, we share a common ancestor with great apes from 6-7 million years ago in Africa. The human lineage branched from others that produced great apes, and early humans like Ardipithecus, Australopithecus, and Homo habilis emerged in Africa between 4-2 million years ago. Brain size increased over generations as humans evolved traits like bipedalism and tool usage, allowing our ancestors like Homo erectus to leave Africa around 1.8 million years ago. Modern humans, Homo sapiens, evolved in Africa around 300,000 years ago and spread globally.
Researchproject humanevolutioniii-110722152715-phpapp01
The document summarizes key aspects of human evolution from early hominids to modern Homo sapiens. It discusses that the evolutionary history of hominids is not clear due to incomplete fossil records. Early hominid species included Australopithecus afarensis and Homo habilis. Later species such as Homo erectus showed adaptations for walking and larger brain size. The document compares physical traits between hominid species and modern humans. It also addresses debates around the emergence of modern humans and their relationship to Neanderthals.
Primates And Human Origins
1) Fossil discoveries have shown that human-like creatures lived hundreds of thousands to millions of years ago, but the exact origins of humans is still unclear.
2) Early hominids such as Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6.75 million years ago may have been human ancestors or more closely related to other apes.
3) Over millions of years, hominids became more upright, less dependent on trees, developed tools and art, and migrated from Africa to other parts of the world, including Neanderthals who lived in caves.
4) While theories abound, the exact reasons for hominid migrations and developments are unknown.
Hominids & Skills
Hominids are a group that includes humans and their closest relatives. As the African tropical forest retreated due to the Ice Age, some primates adapted to walking upright on two feet (bipedalism) which allowed them to see further, travel more efficiently, and use their hands. The earliest hominids were called Australopithecines including "Lucy". Later, Homo habilis emerged around 2 million years ago and were the first to make stone tools. Homo erectus also appeared then and were the first to control fire and build more complex tools. Around 100,000 years ago Homo sapiens emerged and migrated out of Africa, developing early signs of culture.
Evolution from apes to humans, s. mubasher
The document discusses human evolution from a common ancestor with apes. It provides details on:
1) Humans and apes evolved from a common ancestor millions of years ago, though this ancestor was not identical to modern chimpanzees or apes.
2) Early humans like Australopithecines evolved traits like bipedalism, while Homo habilis began using simple tools, and Homo erectus was migratory.
3) The closest living relatives to humans are chimpanzees and bonobos, with human DNA being 98.4% identical to chimpanzees. Molecular evidence suggests gorillas and chimpanzees split from the human line between 8
Evolution Part 2
This document discusses human evolution and the evidence from fossils that show how humans developed from early hominids. It provides a timeline of major hominid species like Australopithecus, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and Homo sapiens. It describes changes in anatomy that characterize human evolution like the positioning of the foramen magnum, increased brain size, flatter faces, and changes in teeth and jaw structure. The document also discusses where the oldest hominid fossils have been found, with East Africa considered the likely "cradle of humankind." Key sites in South Africa like Sterkfontein are also mentioned where many important early hominid fossils have been discovered.
Primates of the World and India
This document provides information about primates found around the world and in India. It begins with a brief introduction to primates and then covers their evolutionary tree, characteristics, classification, distribution, social organization, feeding, movements, communication, intelligence, threats and conservation. Regarding Indian primates specifically, it notes that there are 22 species divided into four groups - lorises, gibbons, macaques and langurs. For each group, it provides details on the species found in India such as physical characteristics, behaviors and conservation status.
Anthropology and oral health
https://userupload.net/69zxggv1yww1
The mouth and teeth play an important role in social interactions around the world. The way people deal with their teeth and mouth, however, is determined culturally. When oral healthcare projects are being carried out in developing countries, differing cultural worldviews can cause misunderstandings between oral healthcare providers and their patients. The oral healthcare volunteer often has to try to understand the local assumptions about teeth and oral hygiene first, before he or she can bring about a change of behaviour, increase therapy compliance and make the oral healthcare project sustainable. Anthropology can be helpful in this respect. In 2014, in a pilot project commissioned by the Dutch Dental Care Foundation, in which oral healthcare was provided in combination with anthropological research, an oral healthcare project in Kwale (Kenia) was evaluated. The study identified 6 primary themes that indicate the most important factors influencing the oral health of school children in Kwale. Research into the local culture by oral healthcare providers would appear to be an important prerequisite to meaningful work in developing countries.
A Presentation on Journey from monkey to man.pptx
Humans did not evolve from modern apes or monkeys. While humans are more closely related to great apes, sharing anatomical similarities, humans distinguished themselves with highly developed brains and abilities like articulate speech and abstract reasoning. The document then outlines different hominid species that evolved over time, from Ardipithecus ramidus approximately 5-4 million years ago, through various Australopithecus and Homo species, with Homo sapiens emerging around 300,000 years ago in Africa. It traces human evolution from early hominids that lived on the ground and used tools, to modern humans.
3. Human Evolution
- The document discusses human evolution from early primates to modern humans. It describes key developments like bipedalism, increasing brain size, use of tools and fire, and cultural evolution.
- Early primates like tarsiers, lemurs, and lorises evolved around 58 million years ago. Monkeys emerged around 35 million years ago and the first hominids around 6 million years ago.
- Adaptations for tree-dwelling included grasping hands and feet, stereoscopic vision, and long limbs. Bipedalism evolved in early hominids like Australopithecus as an adaptation for life on the ground.
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different primates all over the world
- 2. Topics to Consider in this Reporting What is a primate?(history, qualities, char acteristics etc.) How we classified Primates? (it’s Order, distinction between Prosimians & Anthropoids) What are the distinctions between Apes and Human? What primate is the closest family of the human? (Picture taking with the family)
- 4. Suborder Prosimi ‘before apes’ ex. Shrews, lemurs, lorises, bush bay, tarsiers. Suborder Anthropoidea ex. Monkeys, apes, humans Superfamily Ceboida: New World Monkeys (ex. marmosets, capuchin) Superfamily Cercopithecoida: Old World Monkeys (ex. Macaques, baboons) Superfamily Hominoida Family Anthropoidii: the Anthropoid apes (ex. Gibbon, orang-utan, gorilla and chimpanzee.) Family Hominidae: Austropithecus [extinct Prehumans] Homo habilis, H. Erictus. H. Sapiens
- 5. Promisians Antropoids Nocturnal Diurnal Color Blind Color Vision Less species More Species Lower body size and brain capacity Higher body size and brain capacity Herbivores Herbivores, Omnivores Arboreal Arboreal, Terrestrial
- 6. Apes Human Means of Locomotion Quadropedal Bipedal Brain Size Relatively small Large and complex Food Intake Omnivores Omnivores Skin Covered with fur Hairless Female Sexuality Periodically At anytime
- 7. According to the book Biology – A Journey Into Life by Arms and Cramp p. 803 -806, Human has about 99% similar proteins and genes with . . .
- 23. Reference Text * Anthropological and Sociological Concepts andPerspective _ Zulueta, Francisco * The New Book of Knowledge _P * Biology – A Journey Into Life _Arms and Cramp Photos All Photos were retrieved from https://www.google.com