This document summarizes the different types of open access publishers and their business models. It identifies several types of publishers, including large and small professional organizations, university libraries and presses, and scholar publishers. The business models discussed include article processing charges, volunteer efforts, and other sources of funding like grants, subscriptions, and advertising. Open access publishing varies by field, with biomedicine dominating, while engineering, social sciences, and humanities have fewer open access options. Different types of publishers tend to focus on different subject areas within open access.

1. The DifferentFlavorsof Open Access Publishing: Different types ofpublishers, different business models, and differentsubjects Caroline Sutton President, OASPA Co-founder, Co-Action Publishing Open Access Informationstag am 25.3.2010, Vienna, Austria www.oaspa.org

3. Co-Action Publishing

4. Copernicus Publications

5. Hindawi Publishing Corporation

6. Journal of Medical Internet Research (Gunther Solomon)

7. Medical Education Online (David Solomon)

8. Public Library of Science (PLoS)

9. SAGE Publications

10. SPARC Europe

12. Open Access had become an established part of the publishing landscape, it was time to address practical issues

13. Need to develop uniform standards and best practices

14. Need to bring together the Open Access publishing community

15. Need to share information and workcollectively

17. Set standards

18. Advance models

19. Advocate for OA publishing

20. Educate

22. OASPA definition of OA OPEN ACCESS = Free Access + Re-use

23. DifferentFlavors

24. Different Types of Publishers

25. Large Professional Publishing Organizations

26. Small Professional Publishing Organizations

27. University Libraries and University Presses

28. Scholar Publishers

29. MixedModel Publishers OA from Traditional Publishers

30. 500 + societiespublishing OA journals (Suber & Sutton list at: www.co-action.net/projects/OAsocieties/) Society Publishers

31. Summarizing Types of Publishers In manywaystheOpen Access publishing landscape does not varythatmuch from thesubscriptionpublishing landscape. Wefindmanyofthe same types ofactors. Open Access does, however, seem to have offered an opportunity for smallpublishingenterprises and single journal publishing.

32. Different Business Models

33. ArticleProcessingCharges Perceivedadvantages (Paul Peters, EconomicsofOpen Access Publishing; at Open business, Online Information 2006 conferenceproceedings). Scaleability Competition The ”Big Deal” Attractingauthors

35. The need to disengageability to pay from editorialdecisions

36. Will a new ”Big deal” emerge?

38. Otherfinancialsources Patronage (grants, sponsorship, etc.) Sale ofsupplementary services and products Submissionfees (insteadof or in addition to APCs) Advertising Subscriptions to printedition Etc.

39. Different Fields ofPublishing

40. BiomedicalFields ClearlydominatetheOpen Access publishing landscape Manyfunders make funds available to cover OA charges Biomedical journals arepublished by all types of OA publishers Professional publishingorganizations have focusedactivitiesonbiomedicine

41. Engineering Less commonthan most otherfields Chemistrymay be leadingtheway (BMC’sChemistry Central) Publishedlargely by scholarpublishers, butalsosomeprofessionalpublishingorganizations

42. Social Sciences Less commonthanmedicine, but more commonthanEngineering By and large Social Science OA titlesarepublished by scholarpublishers and/or throughuniversitylibraries/presses A fewprofessionalpublishers have begun testing the waters of OA socialsciencepublishing Somefundingbodies (e.g. EU F7) cover OA charges for socialscience

43. Humanities Probablytheslowestfield to develop OA titles (withtheexceptionofmathematics?) OA humanities journals tend to be published by scholarpublishers, or through University Libraries/Presses (notable: OpenHumanities Press) Onlyoneprofessionalpublishinghouseengaged in OA Humanities journal publishing (that I know of) Humanitiesare taking stepson OA bookspublishing (e.g. OAPEN in Europe)

44. Some final thoughts Perhapsgreateropportunitiestoday for small and medium-sizedpublishingenterprises The types ofpublisherspopulatingthe landscape arelargelysimilar to thoseofearlierperiods, withtheexceptionof hosting groups Business modelsareshifting Publishers, libraries and universityadministrationscan and shouldworktogether to considerappropriatepaymentmechanisms to scalewithgrowth in OA OA developmentsare uneven betweensubjectfields Different types ofpublisherstend to publishdifferentsubject matter in the OA publishing arena

45. For more discussions, join: 2nd ConferenceonOpen Access ScholarlyPublishing 22-24 August 2010 in Prague www.oaspa.org

46. Caroline.Sutton@co-action.net Info@oaspa.org THANK YOU!