Difference between mineral and mineraloid
•Download as PPTX, PDF•
0 likes•471 views
A mineral must be naturally occurring, solid, inorganic, have a definite crystal structure and chemical composition. A mineraloid is similar to a mineral but lacks a definite crystal structure, having an amorphous internal structure instead. Mineraloids also may have a chemical composition that varies more than what is accepted for minerals. Examples of mineraloids include obsidian, opal and pumice, while examples of minerals include olivine, pyroxene and calcite. The key difference is that minerals have an ordered crystal structure while mineraloids do not.
Report
Share
Report
Share
Recommended
Physical properties of minerals
This document provides an overview of mineralogy, which is the study of minerals. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solid inorganic substances with a defined chemical composition and crystalline structure. Rocks are made up of aggregates of minerals, and the properties of rocks are determined by the minerals they contain. Minerals form through crystallization from magma or lava or by precipitation from solution. Minerals are identified based on physical properties like color, streak, hardness, luster, cleavage, fracture, and crystal form, which are determined by their internal atomic structure. Common minerals include quartz, feldspars, micas, calcite, pyroxenes, olivine, amphiboles, and iron oxides.
Minerals - Physical Properties
The document summarizes key mineral properties including New Hampshire's state mineral (beryl) and gem (smokey quartz). It describes physical properties such as crystal shape, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture and specific gravity. It also discusses major mineral groups including silicates, carbonates, oxides, sulfides, phosphates and provides examples of minerals that fall within each group.
Minerology ppt
This document provides information about minerals and methods for studying their properties. It defines a mineral as a naturally occurring inorganic solid with specific physical properties and a definite chemical composition. Common rock-forming and economic minerals are described. The importance of mineralogy for civil engineering applications is outlined. Methods for studying minerals include examining their physical, chemical, optical, and atomic properties. Key physical properties discussed include form, color, streak, luster, fracture, cleavage, hardness, density, and transparency.
Physical properties of minerals
This document discusses the important physical properties of minerals that mineralogists use to identify and categorize them. It outlines 9 key properties: color, streak, luster, structure, hardness, specific gravity, cleavage, fracture, and tenacity. Color, streak and luster provide visual clues, while properties like hardness and cleavage reveal information about a mineral's internal structure, density, and how it breaks along planes. Understanding a mineral's physical properties is an essential part of a mineralogist's work analyzing the thousands of minerals that make up the Earth's crust.
Uses of minerals native elements part-1
Minerals occupy the prime position in lithosphere, especially in the outer layer of the earth, i.e. the crust. Earth’s crust contain more number of elements that have been discovered so far. Among those, there are some elements which are seen in appreciable quantities. A few of them occupy the entire core of the earth also. Some of them along with their uses are explained in this module.
the different Rock forming minerals
This document discusses rock-forming minerals and mineral resources. It defines minerals as naturally occurring inorganic solids with crystalline structures and fixed or varying chemical compositions. Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and undergo geological processes to form rocks. Some rocks contain useful mineral resources like metals that are extracted. Metallic mineral resources include ferrous minerals like iron ore and non-ferrous minerals like gold and copper. Non-metallic mineral resources like coal, clay and salt are associated with sedimentary rocks. Examples of common rock-forming minerals discussed are quartz, pyrite and talc.
Classification of igneous rocks
This document classifies igneous rocks based on their visible crystal size, composition, and mineralogy. It divides rocks into phaneritic, aphanitic, porphyritic, fragmental, pegmatitic, and glassy categories based on crystal size. It further classifies rocks as felsic, intermediate, mafic, or ultramafic based on their silica and iron/magnesium content. Diagrams show classifications of specific rock types like plutonic rocks, volcanic rocks, gabbroic rocks, and ultramafic rocks based on their mineralogy and compositions.
Silicate structure
The document discusses the structure of silicate minerals. It notes that approximately 90% of the Earth's crust is composed of silicates where silicon and oxygen bonds form different minerals depending on the cations and anions present. The fundamental building block of silicate structures is the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. Tetrahedra can be linked through shared oxygen atoms in different configurations giving rise to diverse silicate structures. Silicate minerals include nesosilicates with isolated tetrahedra, inosilicates with tetrahedra linked in chains, and double chain silicates.
Recommended
Physical properties of minerals
This document provides an overview of mineralogy, which is the study of minerals. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solid inorganic substances with a defined chemical composition and crystalline structure. Rocks are made up of aggregates of minerals, and the properties of rocks are determined by the minerals they contain. Minerals form through crystallization from magma or lava or by precipitation from solution. Minerals are identified based on physical properties like color, streak, hardness, luster, cleavage, fracture, and crystal form, which are determined by their internal atomic structure. Common minerals include quartz, feldspars, micas, calcite, pyroxenes, olivine, amphiboles, and iron oxides.
Minerals - Physical Properties
The document summarizes key mineral properties including New Hampshire's state mineral (beryl) and gem (smokey quartz). It describes physical properties such as crystal shape, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture and specific gravity. It also discusses major mineral groups including silicates, carbonates, oxides, sulfides, phosphates and provides examples of minerals that fall within each group.
Minerology ppt
This document provides information about minerals and methods for studying their properties. It defines a mineral as a naturally occurring inorganic solid with specific physical properties and a definite chemical composition. Common rock-forming and economic minerals are described. The importance of mineralogy for civil engineering applications is outlined. Methods for studying minerals include examining their physical, chemical, optical, and atomic properties. Key physical properties discussed include form, color, streak, luster, fracture, cleavage, hardness, density, and transparency.
Physical properties of minerals
This document discusses the important physical properties of minerals that mineralogists use to identify and categorize them. It outlines 9 key properties: color, streak, luster, structure, hardness, specific gravity, cleavage, fracture, and tenacity. Color, streak and luster provide visual clues, while properties like hardness and cleavage reveal information about a mineral's internal structure, density, and how it breaks along planes. Understanding a mineral's physical properties is an essential part of a mineralogist's work analyzing the thousands of minerals that make up the Earth's crust.
Uses of minerals native elements part-1
Minerals occupy the prime position in lithosphere, especially in the outer layer of the earth, i.e. the crust. Earth’s crust contain more number of elements that have been discovered so far. Among those, there are some elements which are seen in appreciable quantities. A few of them occupy the entire core of the earth also. Some of them along with their uses are explained in this module.
the different Rock forming minerals
This document discusses rock-forming minerals and mineral resources. It defines minerals as naturally occurring inorganic solids with crystalline structures and fixed or varying chemical compositions. Minerals are the building blocks of rocks and undergo geological processes to form rocks. Some rocks contain useful mineral resources like metals that are extracted. Metallic mineral resources include ferrous minerals like iron ore and non-ferrous minerals like gold and copper. Non-metallic mineral resources like coal, clay and salt are associated with sedimentary rocks. Examples of common rock-forming minerals discussed are quartz, pyrite and talc.
Classification of igneous rocks
This document classifies igneous rocks based on their visible crystal size, composition, and mineralogy. It divides rocks into phaneritic, aphanitic, porphyritic, fragmental, pegmatitic, and glassy categories based on crystal size. It further classifies rocks as felsic, intermediate, mafic, or ultramafic based on their silica and iron/magnesium content. Diagrams show classifications of specific rock types like plutonic rocks, volcanic rocks, gabbroic rocks, and ultramafic rocks based on their mineralogy and compositions.
Silicate structure
The document discusses the structure of silicate minerals. It notes that approximately 90% of the Earth's crust is composed of silicates where silicon and oxygen bonds form different minerals depending on the cations and anions present. The fundamental building block of silicate structures is the silicon-oxygen tetrahedron. Tetrahedra can be linked through shared oxygen atoms in different configurations giving rise to diverse silicate structures. Silicate minerals include nesosilicates with isolated tetrahedra, inosilicates with tetrahedra linked in chains, and double chain silicates.
Properties of Minerals
This document provides information about minerals and their properties. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solids with a crystal structure and definite chemical composition. Minerals form through crystallization as magma or solutions cool. They can crystallize on the surface through evaporation or underground as magma cools. The size of mineral crystals depends on the cooling rate, with slower cooling deep underground producing larger crystals. Minerals have many uses including in jewelry, metals, construction materials, and tools. Metals are extracted from ores through mining and smelting to remove the metal.
Mineralogy new
Mineralogy is the study of naturally occurring crystalline substances called minerals. Key points about minerals include:
- They have a definite chemical composition and ordered atomic arrangement giving them a crystalline structure.
- The earliest studies of minerals date back thousands of years, but it emerged as a science in the 16th century. Important early contributors included Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Georgius Agricola.
- Minerals have great economic importance as resources for construction, manufacturing, medicine, and more. Their naming and classification is based on chemical composition and physical properties.
- Minerals exhibit physical properties related to their crystal structure and chemistry, including crystal form and habit, light interactions, mechanical properties, mass properties, and other
Garnet GROUP OF MINERAL
Garnet is a group of six silicate minerals that are isomorphous and never occur in pure form. They vary slightly in properties but can be indistinguishable without analysis. Garnets have the general formula X3Y2(SiO4)3 and consist of silicon tetrahedrons linked to distorted metal octahedrons, forming a cubic crystal structure. They commonly occur as dodecahedrons or trapezohedrons and vary in color from red to green to black. Garnets are used as abrasives, for water jet cutting, filtration, and as gemstones due to their variety of colors and hardness.
ISOMORPHISM & POLYMORPHISM.ppt
Isomorphism refers to substances with analogous formulas that have closely related crystal structures. Mitscherlich first introduced the term in 1819 when he found that crystals of KH2PO4, KH2AsO4, (NH4)H2PO4 and (NH4)H2AsO4 showed the same forms and interfacial angles between corresponding faces were very similar, despite their different chemical compositions. Isomorphism is common among minerals and is the basis for how some minerals are classified into groups based on their crystal structure. Substances can be isomorphous even if their formulas do not appear analogous, as long as the ions are similar in size and coordination.
A List Of Precious And Semi Precious Gemstones - Himalya Quartz
Gems are minerals, rocks, or organic materials that have been popular for their beauty, durability, and rarity. Gems are used in polished to make jewelry or other human decorations. Most of the gems are hard, and some are too soft or can not be used in jewelry, so they are often displayed in museums. Basically, gems are made from minerals; But There are some exceptions, however, called organics. Pearls and amber are made by organic processes. That's why they are called Organics gem.
Ch21
This document discusses mineral and energy resources. It begins by describing how early humans began using minerals like flint and metals over 20,000 years ago. It then covers the formation of different types of mineral deposits including hydrothermal deposits formed from hot aqueous solutions, magmatic deposits within igneous rocks, and sedimentary deposits from precipitation or weathering. Specific examples of important mineral deposits are provided for different minerals. The document concludes by discussing classifications of useful mineral substances and various energy resources.
Carbonate rocks
This document provides an overview of carbonate rocks such as limestone and dolostone. It discusses their classification including the Folk and Dunham schemes, properties, formation, and common uses. Limestone is composed of calcite and aragonite while dolostone contains dolomite. These rocks form in marine environments and are widely used as building materials. Their solubility also leads to karst topographies and cave formation over thousands of years.
Metamorphic rocks
This document discusses metamorphism and metamorphic rocks. It defines metamorphism as the change in rocks due to increases in temperature and pressure. There are different types of metamorphism including contact, regional, and cataclastic metamorphism. Regional metamorphism occurs over large areas and results in strongly foliated rocks like slates, schists and gneisses. The document describes the different grades of metamorphism from low to high and the typical minerals formed. It also discusses structures in metamorphic rocks like foliation and banding. In conclusion, different metamorphic rocks like slates, schists and gneisses have various economic uses as building materials.
Minerals used as glass making materials
The document discusses minerals that are important for glass making. Silica in the form of quartz and silica sand makes up over 70% of glass and is the primary mineral used. Other important minerals used include soda ash, lime, potash, and feldspar. These minerals are sources of ingredients like sodium, calcium, and potassium and act as fluxes to lower the melting temperature of silica. The document outlines the geological origin and distribution of the key minerals in India that are utilized in the glass industry. Colorants discussed include copper, cobalt, nickel, manganese, uranium, and cadmium minerals.
Felspar group
This document provides a summary of alkali feldspar and plagioclase feldspar. It discusses their crystal structure, composition, physical and optical properties, paragenesis, and applications. Alkali feldspar includes orthoclase, sanidine, and microcline. Plagioclase feldspar is a solid solution between albite and anorthite. Both have important industrial uses such as in ceramics, glass, paints, plastics, and as gemstones. The document is presented by Atish Kumar Sahoo for his MTech course at the Department of Applied Geology.
Komatiite
Komattite
Named after the Komati River in South Africa.
first described by Morris and Richard (twins) for ultramafic units in the Barberton Greenstone belt of South Africa.
Mostly of komatiite are Archean age
distributed in the Archaean shield areas.
Also a few are Proterozoic and Phanerozoic.
In all ages komatiites are highly magnesium.
Mostly a volcanic rock; occasionally intrusive.
Mafic rocks were identified as extrusive because of their volcanic textures and structures, and they seem to have been accepted as a normal component of Archean volcanic successions, Abitibi in Canada.
The ultramafic rocks were interpreted as intrusive which are founded as sills and dykes, Barberton in South Africa.
Spinifex texture-typical of Komatiites:
The name Spinifex refer to a spiky grass in Australian.
Minerals
This document discusses rock forming minerals and their properties. It defines what constitutes a mineral and compares minerals to rocks. It then describes several key physical properties of minerals that can be used for identification, including luster and transparency, color and streak, cleavage, fracture and parting, hardness, and density. Specific examples are provided to illustrate different types of each property. The document also notes that over 4000 minerals have been identified but only around 50 are abundant, with most composed of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. Minerals are classified based on their dominant anion such as silicates, carbonates, sulfides, oxides, sulfates and halides.
Mineralogy
This document discusses the mineralogy, describing the key physical properties of minerals including:
1. Color, streak, luster, transparency, form, hardness, fracture, and cleavage are some physical properties used to identify minerals. Properties like color, luster, and transparency depend on how light interacts with the mineral.
2. Minerals are classified based on their crystal structure and chemical composition into groups like the silicate, quartz, feldspar, pyroxene, amphibole, and mica groups. Example minerals from each group like quartz, orthoclase, augite, hornblende, and muscovite are described.
3. Physical property tests and examinations of
Zircon
Zircon is a mineral belonging to the silicate group with the chemical formula ZrSiO4. It commonly forms in magmatic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Zircon has a hardness of 7.5, is brittle with an adamantine luster, and can be colorless, brown, red, or green. It is uniaxial crystal that is pleochroic and has high surface relief. Zircon is an important ore of zirconium, hafnium, and sometimes thorium. It is commonly used as a gemstone and in jewelry due to its hardness and durability. Major sources of zircon include Cambodia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka
Igneous petrology.....Masoom
The document provides information on igneous petrology including definitions of key terms like petrography, petrology, and petrogenesis. It describes techniques for classifying igneous rocks based on their texture, mineralogy, chemistry and other properties. Bowen's reaction series is explained as the process by which magma cools and crystallizes into rocks of different compositions. Diagrams like Harker variation diagrams and triangular variation diagrams are used to visualize chemical variations in rock compositions.
PYROXENE GROUP OF MINERALS
Pyroxene is a group of minerals that are found in igneous rocks like basalt and gabbro. Pyroxene minerals are subdivided into two groups based on their crystal system - orthopyroxenes which are orthorhombic and clinopyroxenes which are monoclinic. Common pyroxene minerals include augite, diopside, enstatite, and hypersthene. Pyroxenes can be identified through their birefringence, cleavage properties, and color variations under plane polarized light. They also have industrial uses as a lithium source.
Mineralogy 1
This document outlines a syllabus for a mineralogy course that covers topics such as the physical and chemical properties of minerals, crystallography, optical mineralogy, and mineral groups. Students will be assessed through problem-based learning activities, group assignments, presentations, exams, and a final exam. The study of minerals is fundamental to earth sciences and their applications in other fields such as chemistry, engineering, gemology, and more.
PYROXENE MINERAL GROUP
This document discusses the pyroxene group of minerals. Pyroxenes are an important group of rock-forming silicate minerals found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. They are classified as orthorhombic or monoclinic pyroxenes based on their crystal structure. Common orthorhombic pyroxenes include enstatite, ferrosilite, and pigeonite. Important monoclinic pyroxenes include diopside, hedenbergite, augite, aegirine, jadeite, and spodumene. Pyroxenoids like wollastonite are also discussed. The document details the composition, properties and occurrence of these different pyroxene group
Beryl Gemstone
Beryl is a mineral with the chemical composition Be3Al2(Si6O18) that commonly occurs in silica-rich granites and pegmatites. It has a hexagonal crystal structure and comes in several varieties distinguished by color, including aquamarine (pale blue-green), emerald (intense green), heliodor (pale yellow-orange), morganite (pale pink), goshenite (colorless), and the rare red bixbite variety. Beryl has physical properties of hardness 7.5-8, specific gravity 2.6-2.9, and indistinct cleavage. Its optical properties include refractive index 1.56-1.604
PYROXENE MINERAL GROUP.pptx
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL FORMULA
CLASSIFICATION
SILICATE STRUCTURE
MODE OF OCCURRENCE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
USES
CONCLUSION
Earth Materials and Resources 1
This document discusses the physical and chemical properties used to identify common rock-forming minerals. It describes several key physical properties: luster, hardness based on Mohs scale, crystal form/habit, color, streak, cleavage, specific gravity, and others. It also notes that minerals have a definite chemical composition and are made up of molecules in a specific arrangement that can only be separated through chemical means. These physical and chemical properties provide diagnostic features to identify different minerals.
Minerology
The document discusses the physical properties of minerals that are used to identify them. It defines a mineral and describes the key characteristics used in identification, including chemical composition, atomic structure, and physical properties like color, streak, luster, hardness, crystal structure, and cleavage. Several methods for studying minerals are outlined, such as examining physical properties, chemical composition, optical analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The importance of understanding rock-forming minerals for civil engineering applications is also mentioned. Minerals have unique combinations of physical properties that can be measured and compared to identify the mineral.
More Related Content
What's hot
Properties of Minerals
This document provides information about minerals and their properties. It defines minerals as naturally occurring solids with a crystal structure and definite chemical composition. Minerals form through crystallization as magma or solutions cool. They can crystallize on the surface through evaporation or underground as magma cools. The size of mineral crystals depends on the cooling rate, with slower cooling deep underground producing larger crystals. Minerals have many uses including in jewelry, metals, construction materials, and tools. Metals are extracted from ores through mining and smelting to remove the metal.
Mineralogy new
Mineralogy is the study of naturally occurring crystalline substances called minerals. Key points about minerals include:
- They have a definite chemical composition and ordered atomic arrangement giving them a crystalline structure.
- The earliest studies of minerals date back thousands of years, but it emerged as a science in the 16th century. Important early contributors included Aristotle, Theophrastus, and Georgius Agricola.
- Minerals have great economic importance as resources for construction, manufacturing, medicine, and more. Their naming and classification is based on chemical composition and physical properties.
- Minerals exhibit physical properties related to their crystal structure and chemistry, including crystal form and habit, light interactions, mechanical properties, mass properties, and other
Garnet GROUP OF MINERAL
Garnet is a group of six silicate minerals that are isomorphous and never occur in pure form. They vary slightly in properties but can be indistinguishable without analysis. Garnets have the general formula X3Y2(SiO4)3 and consist of silicon tetrahedrons linked to distorted metal octahedrons, forming a cubic crystal structure. They commonly occur as dodecahedrons or trapezohedrons and vary in color from red to green to black. Garnets are used as abrasives, for water jet cutting, filtration, and as gemstones due to their variety of colors and hardness.
ISOMORPHISM & POLYMORPHISM.ppt
Isomorphism refers to substances with analogous formulas that have closely related crystal structures. Mitscherlich first introduced the term in 1819 when he found that crystals of KH2PO4, KH2AsO4, (NH4)H2PO4 and (NH4)H2AsO4 showed the same forms and interfacial angles between corresponding faces were very similar, despite their different chemical compositions. Isomorphism is common among minerals and is the basis for how some minerals are classified into groups based on their crystal structure. Substances can be isomorphous even if their formulas do not appear analogous, as long as the ions are similar in size and coordination.
A List Of Precious And Semi Precious Gemstones - Himalya Quartz
Gems are minerals, rocks, or organic materials that have been popular for their beauty, durability, and rarity. Gems are used in polished to make jewelry or other human decorations. Most of the gems are hard, and some are too soft or can not be used in jewelry, so they are often displayed in museums. Basically, gems are made from minerals; But There are some exceptions, however, called organics. Pearls and amber are made by organic processes. That's why they are called Organics gem.
Ch21
This document discusses mineral and energy resources. It begins by describing how early humans began using minerals like flint and metals over 20,000 years ago. It then covers the formation of different types of mineral deposits including hydrothermal deposits formed from hot aqueous solutions, magmatic deposits within igneous rocks, and sedimentary deposits from precipitation or weathering. Specific examples of important mineral deposits are provided for different minerals. The document concludes by discussing classifications of useful mineral substances and various energy resources.
Carbonate rocks
This document provides an overview of carbonate rocks such as limestone and dolostone. It discusses their classification including the Folk and Dunham schemes, properties, formation, and common uses. Limestone is composed of calcite and aragonite while dolostone contains dolomite. These rocks form in marine environments and are widely used as building materials. Their solubility also leads to karst topographies and cave formation over thousands of years.
Metamorphic rocks
This document discusses metamorphism and metamorphic rocks. It defines metamorphism as the change in rocks due to increases in temperature and pressure. There are different types of metamorphism including contact, regional, and cataclastic metamorphism. Regional metamorphism occurs over large areas and results in strongly foliated rocks like slates, schists and gneisses. The document describes the different grades of metamorphism from low to high and the typical minerals formed. It also discusses structures in metamorphic rocks like foliation and banding. In conclusion, different metamorphic rocks like slates, schists and gneisses have various economic uses as building materials.
Minerals used as glass making materials
The document discusses minerals that are important for glass making. Silica in the form of quartz and silica sand makes up over 70% of glass and is the primary mineral used. Other important minerals used include soda ash, lime, potash, and feldspar. These minerals are sources of ingredients like sodium, calcium, and potassium and act as fluxes to lower the melting temperature of silica. The document outlines the geological origin and distribution of the key minerals in India that are utilized in the glass industry. Colorants discussed include copper, cobalt, nickel, manganese, uranium, and cadmium minerals.
Felspar group
This document provides a summary of alkali feldspar and plagioclase feldspar. It discusses their crystal structure, composition, physical and optical properties, paragenesis, and applications. Alkali feldspar includes orthoclase, sanidine, and microcline. Plagioclase feldspar is a solid solution between albite and anorthite. Both have important industrial uses such as in ceramics, glass, paints, plastics, and as gemstones. The document is presented by Atish Kumar Sahoo for his MTech course at the Department of Applied Geology.
Komatiite
Komattite
Named after the Komati River in South Africa.
first described by Morris and Richard (twins) for ultramafic units in the Barberton Greenstone belt of South Africa.
Mostly of komatiite are Archean age
distributed in the Archaean shield areas.
Also a few are Proterozoic and Phanerozoic.
In all ages komatiites are highly magnesium.
Mostly a volcanic rock; occasionally intrusive.
Mafic rocks were identified as extrusive because of their volcanic textures and structures, and they seem to have been accepted as a normal component of Archean volcanic successions, Abitibi in Canada.
The ultramafic rocks were interpreted as intrusive which are founded as sills and dykes, Barberton in South Africa.
Spinifex texture-typical of Komatiites:
The name Spinifex refer to a spiky grass in Australian.
Minerals
This document discusses rock forming minerals and their properties. It defines what constitutes a mineral and compares minerals to rocks. It then describes several key physical properties of minerals that can be used for identification, including luster and transparency, color and streak, cleavage, fracture and parting, hardness, and density. Specific examples are provided to illustrate different types of each property. The document also notes that over 4000 minerals have been identified but only around 50 are abundant, with most composed of oxygen, silicon, aluminum, iron, calcium, sodium, potassium and magnesium. Minerals are classified based on their dominant anion such as silicates, carbonates, sulfides, oxides, sulfates and halides.
Mineralogy
This document discusses the mineralogy, describing the key physical properties of minerals including:
1. Color, streak, luster, transparency, form, hardness, fracture, and cleavage are some physical properties used to identify minerals. Properties like color, luster, and transparency depend on how light interacts with the mineral.
2. Minerals are classified based on their crystal structure and chemical composition into groups like the silicate, quartz, feldspar, pyroxene, amphibole, and mica groups. Example minerals from each group like quartz, orthoclase, augite, hornblende, and muscovite are described.
3. Physical property tests and examinations of
Zircon
Zircon is a mineral belonging to the silicate group with the chemical formula ZrSiO4. It commonly forms in magmatic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks. Zircon has a hardness of 7.5, is brittle with an adamantine luster, and can be colorless, brown, red, or green. It is uniaxial crystal that is pleochroic and has high surface relief. Zircon is an important ore of zirconium, hafnium, and sometimes thorium. It is commonly used as a gemstone and in jewelry due to its hardness and durability. Major sources of zircon include Cambodia, Myanmar, Sri Lanka
Igneous petrology.....Masoom
The document provides information on igneous petrology including definitions of key terms like petrography, petrology, and petrogenesis. It describes techniques for classifying igneous rocks based on their texture, mineralogy, chemistry and other properties. Bowen's reaction series is explained as the process by which magma cools and crystallizes into rocks of different compositions. Diagrams like Harker variation diagrams and triangular variation diagrams are used to visualize chemical variations in rock compositions.
PYROXENE GROUP OF MINERALS
Pyroxene is a group of minerals that are found in igneous rocks like basalt and gabbro. Pyroxene minerals are subdivided into two groups based on their crystal system - orthopyroxenes which are orthorhombic and clinopyroxenes which are monoclinic. Common pyroxene minerals include augite, diopside, enstatite, and hypersthene. Pyroxenes can be identified through their birefringence, cleavage properties, and color variations under plane polarized light. They also have industrial uses as a lithium source.
Mineralogy 1
This document outlines a syllabus for a mineralogy course that covers topics such as the physical and chemical properties of minerals, crystallography, optical mineralogy, and mineral groups. Students will be assessed through problem-based learning activities, group assignments, presentations, exams, and a final exam. The study of minerals is fundamental to earth sciences and their applications in other fields such as chemistry, engineering, gemology, and more.
PYROXENE MINERAL GROUP
This document discusses the pyroxene group of minerals. Pyroxenes are an important group of rock-forming silicate minerals found in igneous and metamorphic rocks. They are classified as orthorhombic or monoclinic pyroxenes based on their crystal structure. Common orthorhombic pyroxenes include enstatite, ferrosilite, and pigeonite. Important monoclinic pyroxenes include diopside, hedenbergite, augite, aegirine, jadeite, and spodumene. Pyroxenoids like wollastonite are also discussed. The document details the composition, properties and occurrence of these different pyroxene group
Beryl Gemstone
Beryl is a mineral with the chemical composition Be3Al2(Si6O18) that commonly occurs in silica-rich granites and pegmatites. It has a hexagonal crystal structure and comes in several varieties distinguished by color, including aquamarine (pale blue-green), emerald (intense green), heliodor (pale yellow-orange), morganite (pale pink), goshenite (colorless), and the rare red bixbite variety. Beryl has physical properties of hardness 7.5-8, specific gravity 2.6-2.9, and indistinct cleavage. Its optical properties include refractive index 1.56-1.604
PYROXENE MINERAL GROUP.pptx
INTRODUCTION
GENERAL FORMULA
CLASSIFICATION
SILICATE STRUCTURE
MODE OF OCCURRENCE
PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
OPTICAL PROPERTIES
USES
CONCLUSION
What's hot (20)
A List Of Precious And Semi Precious Gemstones - Himalya Quartz
A List Of Precious And Semi Precious Gemstones - Himalya Quartz
Similar to Difference between mineral and mineraloid
Earth Materials and Resources 1
This document discusses the physical and chemical properties used to identify common rock-forming minerals. It describes several key physical properties: luster, hardness based on Mohs scale, crystal form/habit, color, streak, cleavage, specific gravity, and others. It also notes that minerals have a definite chemical composition and are made up of molecules in a specific arrangement that can only be separated through chemical means. These physical and chemical properties provide diagnostic features to identify different minerals.
Minerology
The document discusses the physical properties of minerals that are used to identify them. It defines a mineral and describes the key characteristics used in identification, including chemical composition, atomic structure, and physical properties like color, streak, luster, hardness, crystal structure, and cleavage. Several methods for studying minerals are outlined, such as examining physical properties, chemical composition, optical analysis, and X-ray diffraction. The importance of understanding rock-forming minerals for civil engineering applications is also mentioned. Minerals have unique combinations of physical properties that can be measured and compared to identify the mineral.
Minerals.pptx
The document discusses minerals, defining them as naturally occurring inorganic solids with a definite crystalline structure and chemical composition. There are over 3,500 known minerals that make up Earth's crust. The majority of rocks are formed from combinations of just 20 minerals. Minerals have several physical properties that can be used to identify them, including color, luster, streak (powder color), and hardness on the Mohs scale. Silicates and nonsilicates are the two main groups of rock-forming minerals.
Lesson 5: Minerals
The document describes minerals and their properties. It defines minerals as naturally occurring, inorganic solids with definite chemical formulas and crystal structures. It discusses various mineral properties like luster, hardness, color, streak, crystal form, cleavage, fracture and specific gravity. It also describes different mineral groups like silicates, oxides, sulfates, sulfides and carbonates. Finally, it outlines the economic importance of minerals in everyday items like bricks, glass, cement and more.
Properties of Minerals.ppt
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids that have a crystalline structure and definite chemical composition. All minerals must form naturally, be inorganic, solid, and crystalline in structure. Minerals can be identified based on their physical properties, including color, luster, streak, hardness, and whether they exhibit cleavage or fracture.
Minerals
The document discusses the properties of rocks and minerals. It defines a mineral as having a definite chemical composition and naturally occurring inorganic formation. It notes that the two most abundant elements in the Earth's crust are silicon and oxygen, which combine to form silicate compounds. Minerals can be identified based on properties like crystal structure, color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, and fracture.
INTRODUCCIÓN A LOS ESTUDIOS DE MINERALES.pdf
Introducción a los Minerales.
Manual para determinar los tipos de minerales, durante una exploración geológica.
Con este manual Usted determinara que tipo de mineral puede encontrar, de acuerdo a los indicios de tipo de roca y el análisis de mineralogía.
Es el mejor manual de cabecera para un geologo de exploraciones.
Q1C2L1 Rocks and Minerals.pptx
This document provides an overview of minerals and their properties. It defines a mineral as a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a definite chemical composition and ordered internal structure. Minerals are classified based on their major elemental compositions, which include silicates, oxides, sulfides, sulfates, halides, carbonates, and native metals. Their crystal structures and physical properties like crystal form, cleavage, luster, color, streak, hardness, density, magnetism, taste, feel, and acid reactivity enable their identification and classification. The document outlines these compositional categories and diagnostic physical properties of minerals in detail.
Minerals
1) The document is a report on mineralogy presented to an Earth Science professor at Technological University of the Philippines by Hannah Joy N. Lontayao.
2) It defines minerals and rocks, and explains that minerals have definite chemical compositions and atomic structures while rocks are combinations of minerals.
3) The report describes several properties of minerals including crystal form, luster, color, streak, hardness, cleavage, fracture, and specific gravity. It also discusses the seven main mineral groups.
Minerals.pptx
The document discusses minerals and their properties. It defines a mineral as a naturally occurring, homogeneous, solid substance with a defined chemical composition and internal atomic structure. Minerals are building blocks of rock. The study of minerals is called mineralogy. There are over 4,900 known mineral species. Minerals form through igneous, sedimentary and metamorphic processes. Their identification is important for civil engineering applications when evaluating rock properties. Minerals can be identified by their physical properties like color, streak, luster, hardness, crystal structure, cleavage and density, as well as their chemical composition.
Minerals slideshare
1) Minerals are naturally formed solid substances with a crystal structure that are not alive and have a definite volume and shape.
2) All minerals share characteristics of being formed by natural processes, having a unique chemical makeup, and being made up of particles arranged in a repeating crystal pattern.
3) Minerals are grouped based on their chemical composition, with the most abundant group being silicates containing oxygen and silica like quartz and mica.
6th Grade Chapter 15
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with definite chemical compositions and orderly atomic structures. There are about 4,000 known minerals on Earth. Minerals form through natural geological processes without human involvement and are distinguished from other substances based on properties like hardness, crystal structure, luster, specific gravity, streak, and cleavage/fracture. Common minerals are important materials for construction, technology, and gems that are valued for their beauty and rarity.
Obj 1 compare rocks and minerals
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic solids with a crystalline structure. They are composed of elements or compounds and form in various environments through processes like heat, volcanic activity, and water/pressure interactions. Key properties used to identify minerals include color, luster, streak, cleavage, fracture, hardness, and density. The most common minerals are silicates containing silicon and oxygen or nonsilicate minerals without these elements.
Minerals
This document defines what a mineral is and describes its key properties. A mineral must be 1) naturally occurring 2) solid 3) have an orderly crystalline structure and well-defined chemical composition. Important identifying characteristics of minerals include crystal structure, hardness, color, streak, luster, fluorescence, and reaction to acid. Minerals are classified based on their main chemical elements, with silicates and carbonates being particularly important. Commercially valuable minerals can be extracted for metals, industrial uses, or as gemstones.
2 minerals
This document provides a summary of the contents of a lecture on minerals. It discusses the definition of a mineral, classification of minerals into rock-forming and ore-forming groups. It also describes various mineral properties that can be used for identification such as color, streak, hardness, cleavage, luster, and explains systems for classifying minerals based on these properties. Common rock-forming minerals and their characteristics are also outlined.
Mineral_.ppt
Minerals are inorganic substances that occur naturally and have a definite chemical composition and structure. To be classified as a mineral, a substance must form naturally, have a consistent chemical formula, exhibit an ordered internal structure, and have physical properties determined by its composition and structure. Minerals are identified based on their physical properties like hardness, cleavage, fracture, color, streak, luster, and fluorescence or phosphorescence. The most common minerals used in various applications include aluminum, beryllium, copper, feldspar, iron, and calcite.
Chapter 5 minerals
This document provides information about minerals, including their formation, composition, properties, and crystal structures. It discusses how minerals are the building blocks of rocks and are made up of arrangements of atoms. There are over 2,500 known mineral types that are classified based on their chemical composition and crystalline structure. Common properties described for identifying minerals include color, streak, luster, hardness, cleavage, and crystal shape.
rocks and minerals-131013154238-phpapp01.ppt
This document provides information about minerals and rocks. It defines minerals as solid, naturally occurring substances that have a definite chemical composition and internal structure. Minerals can be identified based on their physical properties like color, luster, hardness, cleavage, and crystal shape. Rocks are composed of two or more minerals and form through igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic processes. Igneous rocks form from the cooling of magma, sedimentary rocks form through the compaction and cementation of sediments, and metamorphic rocks form under heat and pressure.
Introduction to Minerals.pdf
Minerals are naturally occurring inorganic substances that are often characterized by a precise crystal structure. They form due to economic, aesthetic, or scientific value. Minerals can be identified through various physical properties including color, streak, luster, hardness, crystal form, cleavage, fracture, smell, taste, and magnetism. Some common minerals are quartz, pyrite, fluorite, epidote, tourmaline, and aquamarine.
MINERALS - PPT.pptx
The document discusses classifying objects as minerals or non-minerals. It defines a mineral as a naturally occurring, inorganic solid with a crystalline structure and definite chemical composition. The activity involves groups identifying objects like quartz, glass, wood, and plastic as minerals or non-minerals and justifying their classifications. The document also outlines key characteristics of minerals like their chemical composition and crystalline structure. It describes classifying minerals into groups based on their chemical makeup, including silicates, oxides, and sulfates.
Similar to Difference between mineral and mineraloid (20)
Recently uploaded
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptx
Slides from a Capitol Technology University webinar held June 20, 2024. The webinar featured Dr. Donovan Wright, presenting on the Department of Defense Digital Transformation.
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
Andreas Schleicher, Director of Education and Skills at the OECD presents at the launch of PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Minds, Creative Schools on 18 June 2024.
Creation or Update of a Mandatory Field is Not Set in Odoo 17
In this slide we will discuss Creation or Updation of a mandatory field is not set in Odoo 17.
A Visual Guide to 1 Samuel | A Tale of Two Hearts
These slides walk through the story of 1 Samuel. Samuel is the last judge of Israel. The people reject God and want a king. Saul is anointed as the first king, but he is not a good king. David, the shepherd boy is anointed and Saul is envious of him. David shows honor while Saul continues to self destruct.
How to Fix [Errno 98] address already in use
This slide will represent the cause of the error “[Errno 98] address already in use” and the troubleshooting steps to resolve this error in Odoo.
Diversity Quiz Prelims by Quiz Club, IIT Kanpur
Prelims of Diversity Quiz, conducted by Quiz Club, IIT Kanpur in collaboration with Unmukt on 22 June 2024.
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
INDIA`S OWN LITERARY GENIUS MR.KHUSHWANT SINGH WAS TRULY A VERY BRAVE SOUL AND WAS AWARDED WITH THE MAGIC OF WORDS BY GOD.
Accounting for Restricted Grants When and How To Record Properly
In this webinar, member learned how to stay in compliance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for restricted grants.
skeleton System.pdf (skeleton system wow)
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
إضغ بين إيديكم من أقوى الملازم التي صممتها
ملزمة تشريح الجهاز الهيكلي (نظري 3)
💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀💀
تتميز هذهِ الملزمة بعِدة مُميزات :
1- مُترجمة ترجمة تُناسب جميع المستويات
2- تحتوي على 78 رسم توضيحي لكل كلمة موجودة بالملزمة (لكل كلمة !!!!)
#فهم_ماكو_درخ
3- دقة الكتابة والصور عالية جداً جداً جداً
4- هُنالك بعض المعلومات تم توضيحها بشكل تفصيلي جداً (تُعتبر لدى الطالب أو الطالبة بإنها معلومات مُبهمة ومع ذلك تم توضيح هذهِ المعلومات المُبهمة بشكل تفصيلي جداً
5- الملزمة تشرح نفسها ب نفسها بس تكلك تعال اقراني
6- تحتوي الملزمة في اول سلايد على خارطة تتضمن جميع تفرُعات معلومات الجهاز الهيكلي المذكورة في هذهِ الملزمة
واخيراً هذهِ الملزمة حلالٌ عليكم وإتمنى منكم إن تدعولي بالخير والصحة والعافية فقط
كل التوفيق زملائي وزميلاتي ، زميلكم محمد الذهبي 💊💊
🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥🔥
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف أحرف الخلاف للقراء العشرةأعد أحرف الخلاف بالتلوين وصلا سمير بسيوني غفر الله له
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
(A Free eBook comprising 3 Sets of Presentation of a selection of Puzzles, Brain Teasers and Thinking Problems to exercise both the mind and the Right and Left Brain. To help keep the mind and brain fit and healthy. Good for both the young and old alike.
Answers are given for all the puzzles and problems.)
With Metta,
Bro. Oh Teik Bin 🙏🤓🤔🥰
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
https://app.box.com/s/qspvswamcohjtbvbbhjad04lg65waylfHow to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
Custom modules offer the flexibility to extend Odoo's capabilities, address unique requirements, and optimize workflows to align seamlessly with your organization's processes. By leveraging custom modules, businesses can unlock greater efficiency, productivity, and innovation, empowering them to stay competitive in today's dynamic market landscape. In this tutorial, we'll guide you step by step on how to easily download and install modules from the Odoo App Store.
Recently uploaded (20)
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptx
CapTechTalks Webinar Slides June 2024 Donovan Wright.pptx
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
Contiguity Of Various Message Forms - Rupam Chandra.pptx
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
Andreas Schleicher presents PISA 2022 Volume III - Creative Thinking - 18 Jun...
Creation or Update of a Mandatory Field is Not Set in Odoo 17
Creation or Update of a Mandatory Field is Not Set in Odoo 17
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
KHUSWANT SINGH.pptx ALL YOU NEED TO KNOW ABOUT KHUSHWANT SINGH
Accounting for Restricted Grants When and How To Record Properly
Accounting for Restricted Grants When and How To Record Properly
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
مصحف القراءات العشر أعد أحرف الخلاف سمير بسيوني.pdf
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
A Free 200-Page eBook ~ Brain and Mind Exercise.pptx
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...
CHUYÊN ĐỀ ÔN TẬP VÀ PHÁT TRIỂN CÂU HỎI TRONG ĐỀ MINH HỌA THI TỐT NGHIỆP THPT ...
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
How to Download & Install Module From the Odoo App Store in Odoo 17
Difference between mineral and mineraloid
- 2. Mineral is a naturally occurring, solid, inorganic substance with definite crystal structure and must have a definite chemical composition. What is Mineral? Figure: Mineral (Pyrite and Quartz)
- 3. Mineral must have Five properties : Naturally Occurring - Minerals are found on Earth and not man-made, Inorganic - Minerals must not consist of living materials, Solid - Minerals must have a definite shape and volume, Crystal Structure - Particles inside minerals form a crystal pattern, Definite Chemical Composition - Minerals are made up of elements from periodic table. What is Mineral?
- 4. A mineraloid is a mineral-like substance that does not demonstrate crystallinity. Mineraloids possess chemical compositions that vary beyond the generally accepted ranges for specific minerals. For example, Obsidian is an amorphous glass but not a crystal. What is Mineraloid?
- 5. A material must meet the following five requirements - naturally occurring, inorganic, solid, ordered atomic structure, definite chemical composition (can vary within a limited range) whereas A mineraloid is a naturally occurring, inorganic solid that does not exhibit crystallinity. Moreover, mineral become mineraloid when any of the five properties got missed. Mineral vs Mineraloid
- 6. Mineraloid may have the outward appearance of a mineral, but it does not have the “ordered atomic structure” required to meet the definition of a mineral. Some mineraloids lack the “definite chemical composition” required to be a mineral. Minerals are “crystalline.” In other words, they have an ordered atomic structure whereas mineraloids are “amorphous.” This means that their internal atomic structure is not ordered. Mineral vs Mineraloid
- 7. For example, Olivine, Pyroxene, Muscovite, Biotite, Calcite and others are the examples of minerals whereas Obsidian is a mineraloid which is a volcanic glass and Pumice, Opal etc. are the mineraloid as well. Mineraloids can be liquid; Water and mercury are often classified as mineraloids whereas mineral must be a solid. Mineral vs Mineraloid
- 8. Images of Mineraloid Figure: Water Figure: Obsidian Figure: Opal
- 10. https://geology.com/minerals/mineraloids/ https://socratic.org/questions/what-are-5-properties- of-minerals http://www.geologyin.com/2017/11/what-is- difference-between-mineral-and.html References