This document provides a summary of resources on cybersecurity for the healthcare sector. It begins with an introduction noting the increased risk of cyberattacks against healthcare organizations and the need for improved cybersecurity practices. The resources are then categorized and include topics such as best practices for incident response, risk assessments, training, and legal/regulatory guidance. The document aims to help healthcare stakeholders better protect against, respond to, and recover from cyber threats.
RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ is the top-rated total HIPAA compliance software that meets the risk analysis requirement and also does a TOTAL HIPAA COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT! Use it on your laptop, desktop, server or over the web.
RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ includes the entire HIPAA standard and NIST 800-66 and questions are separated by role including Medical Records, Clinical Staff, Database Administrator, etc. RiskWatch worked with regulators and auditors to make sure your RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ assessment will stand up to the strictest audit. It also includes a Project Plan (in MS Project and Excel) so you can plan every aspect of your project.
RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ writes all the reports for you automatically -- including charts, graphs and detailed information. The Case Summary Report includes Compliance vs. Non-Compliance graphs, where the non-compliance came from, how compliance matches requirements, and answers mapped by individual name or job category. The report can be edited to add photos, network diagrams, etc. RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™produces many other reports, including recommendations for improving your compliance profile. It also provides recommendations for risk mitigation and shows potential solutions by Return On Investment. Most importantly -- RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ creates management level reports with complete audit trails and easy to understand recommended mitigation solutions included, and ranked by Return On Investment. Data can also be ported directly in your Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery plans.
Now also Includes Pandemic Flu Assessment! Consistently rated as the best software for HIPAA compliance, RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ is used by hundreds of hospitals, health plans, insurance companies, academic medical centers and consulting organizations to meet HIPAA requirements. RiskWatch users include University of Miami, Sparrow Hospital, BlueShield of California, University of New Mexico, University of West Virginia, Harvard Pilgrim, Sisters of Mercy and St. John\'s Hospital.
RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ is the top-rated total HIPAA compliance software that meets the risk analysis requirement and also does a TOTAL HIPAA COMPLIANCE ASSESSMENT! Use it on your laptop, desktop, server or over the web.
RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ includes the entire HIPAA standard and NIST 800-66 and questions are separated by role including Medical Records, Clinical Staff, Database Administrator, etc. RiskWatch worked with regulators and auditors to make sure your RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ assessment will stand up to the strictest audit. It also includes a Project Plan (in MS Project and Excel) so you can plan every aspect of your project.
RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ writes all the reports for you automatically -- including charts, graphs and detailed information. The Case Summary Report includes Compliance vs. Non-Compliance graphs, where the non-compliance came from, how compliance matches requirements, and answers mapped by individual name or job category. The report can be edited to add photos, network diagrams, etc. RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™produces many other reports, including recommendations for improving your compliance profile. It also provides recommendations for risk mitigation and shows potential solutions by Return On Investment. Most importantly -- RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ creates management level reports with complete audit trails and easy to understand recommended mitigation solutions included, and ranked by Return On Investment. Data can also be ported directly in your Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery plans.
Now also Includes Pandemic Flu Assessment! Consistently rated as the best software for HIPAA compliance, RiskWatch for HIPAA Compliance™ is used by hundreds of hospitals, health plans, insurance companies, academic medical centers and consulting organizations to meet HIPAA requirements. RiskWatch users include University of Miami, Sparrow Hospital, BlueShield of California, University of New Mexico, University of West Virginia, Harvard Pilgrim, Sisters of Mercy and St. John\'s Hospital.
MeHI Privacy & Security Webinar 3.18.15MassEHealth
Top Reason Why Providers Fail Meaningful Use Audits: Inadequate Security Risk Analysis
Providers are losing incentive dollars by not meeting the Meaningful Use Privacy & Security Measure.
Get on track with your Security Risk Assessment and attest to Meaningful Use with MeHI’s support & solutions:
• Assess your practice’s privacy and security status
• Develop remediation plans to resolve gaps
• Communicate resolution steps to the providers involved
• Track progress in addressing outstanding issues
Let us help you conduct a security risk analysis and address deficiencies and potential threats and ensure that your practice is compliant and that patient data is safe-guarded.
INCIDENT RESPONSE PLAN FOR A SMALL TO MEDIUM SIZED HOSPITALIJNSA Journal
Most small to medium health care organizations do not have the capability to address cyber incidents within the organization. Those that do are poorly trained and ill equipped. These health care organizations are subject to various laws that address privacy concerns, proper handling of financial information, and Personally Identifiable Information. Currently an IT staff handles responses to these incidents in an Ad Hoc manner. A properly trained, staffed, and equipped Cyber Incident Response Team is needed to quickly respond to these incidents to minimize data loss, and provide forensic data for the purpose of notification, disciplinary action, legal action, and to remove the risk vector. This paper1 will use the proven Incident Command System model used in emergency services to show any sized agency can have an adequate CIRT.
Cloud Computing: A Key to Effective & Efficient Disease Surveillance Systemidescitation
Cloud computing, a future generation concept
characterized by three entities: Software, hardware &
network designed to enhance the capacity building
simultaneously increasing the throughput by extending the
reach for any system without having heavy investment of
infrastructure and training new personnel. It is becoming
a major building block for any sort of businesses across the
globe. This paper likes to propose a cloud as a solution for
having an effective disease surveillance system. Till now,
multiple surveillance systems come into play but still they
lack sensitivity, specificity & timeliness.
The paper started by assessing current definitions of NHS Information Governance (IG) and suggest
an acceptable approach going forward. It continued by assessing what is to be learned from the
challenges faced by NHS IG professionals and their colleagues, first in the macro environment, such as
centrally-led changes from government and government agencies; changes in legislation, especially the
pending Data Protection Act; confusion over responsibilities between agencies; and unhelpful centralised
publicity over poorly-run communications and programmes. Andrew will then move the discussion into
challenges within the micro environment, such as problems caused by staff lack in knowledge; accidents;
process issues; careless breaches; malicious intent and evidence from internal audit. The paper concluded by
suggesting a prioritised list of issues and concerns and some potential means to overcome them.
The Learning Outcomes from the paper were that:
1. NHS IG is not united in its own definition.
2. Concerns come from at least 2 angles, internal and external to the organisation.
3. Significant issues from both angles will be identified and end assessed.
Part of the "2016 Annual Conference: Big Data, Health Law, and Bioethics" held at Harvard Law School on May 6, 2016.
This conference aimed to: (1) identify the various ways in which law and ethics intersect with the use of big data in health care and health research, particularly in the United States; (2) understand the way U.S. law (and potentially other legal systems) currently promotes or stands as an obstacle to these potential uses; (3) determine what might be learned from the legal and ethical treatment of uses of big data in other sectors and countries; and (4) examine potential solutions (industry best practices, common law, legislative, executive, domestic and international) for better use of big data in health care and health research in the U.S.
The Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School 2016 annual conference was organized in collaboration with the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University and the Health Ethics and Policy Lab, University of Zurich.
Learn more at http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/2016-annual-conference.
Survey of open source health information systemshiij
Due to the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), the US
medical industry has been given a directive to transition to electronic health records. Electronic Health
Records will enhance efficiency and quality of patient care. In this paper, open-source health information
systems are surveyed.These systems include electronic medical records, electronic health records and
personal health record systems. Their functionality, implementation technologies used, and security
features are discussed.
Part of the "2016 Annual Conference: Big Data, Health Law, and Bioethics" held at Harvard Law School on May 6, 2016.
This conference aimed to: (1) identify the various ways in which law and ethics intersect with the use of big data in health care and health research, particularly in the United States; (2) understand the way U.S. law (and potentially other legal systems) currently promotes or stands as an obstacle to these potential uses; (3) determine what might be learned from the legal and ethical treatment of uses of big data in other sectors and countries; and (4) examine potential solutions (industry best practices, common law, legislative, executive, domestic and international) for better use of big data in health care and health research in the U.S.
The Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School 2016 annual conference was organized in collaboration with the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University and the Health Ethics and Policy Lab, University of Zurich.
Learn more at http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/2016-annual-conference.
Healthcares Vulnerability to Ransomware AttacksResearch questioSusanaFurman449
Healthcare's Vulnerability to Ransomware Attacks
Research question: To what extent is the healthcare system vulnerable to ransomware attacks?
This research aims to explain how the healthcare sector can become vulnerable to ransomware attacks. It will also discuss how the ransomware topic can influence practice. Methods and relevance for computer nursing to secure health information technology will be reviewed. Ransomware is a cyber-attack form that can damage a company and its IT infrastructure. A ransomware attack is a criminal cyber-attack using malware or software that blackmails a company to gain a money lift from its systems (Slayton, 2018). The software can delete personal data from computer systems except when a payment is made, and the cyber attacker provides the decryption key for unlocking the system. Many types of ransomware are available, and Intel Corp's McAfee Labs predict that these attacks will continue and their prevalence will increase. Comment by Mary Lind: nursing makes no sense here Comment by Mary Lind: what do you mean by form? Comment by Mary Lind: what is a money lift? Comment by Mary Lind: what software - the ransomware can delete anythign
This study examines the motivation of healthcare professionals to use theoretical protection theory (PMT) and deterrence theory to adopt security measures against ransomware attacks in a hospital setting (Rogers, 1975). These include perceived severe threats and perceived fear-mediated vulnerability. Misfitting rewards and reaction costs both have an important negative impact on motivation for protection. Effectiveness as a major coping factor is demonstrated. The results help to utilize fear and PMT in ransomware threats to influence protection motivation for healthcare devices. Comment by Mary Lind: for computers users in the hospital.
Target population
This research targets healthcare professionals, patients, and the general population because of the constant vulnerability of healthcare systems to ransomware attacks.
Methodology
In this research, we analyze the Healthcare's Vulnerability to Ransomware Attacks using quantitative research. Research involves healthcare professionals, patients, and the general population. The research will also review the safeguards that healthcare system users have implemented. Data will be analyzed via the Variance Analysis (ANOVA) various hypotheses that arise in the course of the research.
Findings
This makes the medical industry extremely sensitive to this criminal cyber-attack like ransomware due to advances in technology and extensive use of electronic medical documents. Many hospitals, such as Erie County Medical Center, have recently been affected by ransomware (ECMC). In April 2017, ECMC was affected by a ranking attack that shut down its IT systems after refusing to pay $30,000 to unlock it. Following the attack, they were obliged to return to the paper charts and maintained power outage operations by introducing urgent plans. Ransomwar ...
Electronic Healthcare Record Security and Management in Healthcare Organizationsijtsrd
"This study aim sat identifying the current countermeasures used in protecting the Electronic Healthcare Record and how employees share their knowledge about the existence Electronic Healthcare Record security as well as countermeasures used in mitigating the threats and data breaches in healthcare organizations. A case study of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria was used and qualitative research method was adopted where purposive and stratified random sampling was used. This led to construction of eleven relevant questions to four categories of staff. A conceptual frame work was proposed to quid the study and the findings we reevaluated using the proposed frame work. There sults revealed that there is lack of knowledge sharing among employees and some factors were found to be the resistance factors, this include educational background, behavior, low security awareness, personality differences and lack of management commitment. On the other hand, deterrent, preventive and organizational actions were partially practiced as countermeasures used to mitigate the threats and vulnerability of data breaches of Electronic Healthcare Records in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Attahiru Saminu, CLN ""Electronic Healthcare Record Security and Management in Healthcare Organizations"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Conference on Advanced Engineering and Information Technology , November 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19124.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/19124/electronic-healthcare-record-security-and-management-in-healthcare-organizations/attahiru-saminu-cln"
MeHI Privacy & Security Webinar 3.18.15MassEHealth
Top Reason Why Providers Fail Meaningful Use Audits: Inadequate Security Risk Analysis
Providers are losing incentive dollars by not meeting the Meaningful Use Privacy & Security Measure.
Get on track with your Security Risk Assessment and attest to Meaningful Use with MeHI’s support & solutions:
• Assess your practice’s privacy and security status
• Develop remediation plans to resolve gaps
• Communicate resolution steps to the providers involved
• Track progress in addressing outstanding issues
Let us help you conduct a security risk analysis and address deficiencies and potential threats and ensure that your practice is compliant and that patient data is safe-guarded.
INCIDENT RESPONSE PLAN FOR A SMALL TO MEDIUM SIZED HOSPITALIJNSA Journal
Most small to medium health care organizations do not have the capability to address cyber incidents within the organization. Those that do are poorly trained and ill equipped. These health care organizations are subject to various laws that address privacy concerns, proper handling of financial information, and Personally Identifiable Information. Currently an IT staff handles responses to these incidents in an Ad Hoc manner. A properly trained, staffed, and equipped Cyber Incident Response Team is needed to quickly respond to these incidents to minimize data loss, and provide forensic data for the purpose of notification, disciplinary action, legal action, and to remove the risk vector. This paper1 will use the proven Incident Command System model used in emergency services to show any sized agency can have an adequate CIRT.
Cloud Computing: A Key to Effective & Efficient Disease Surveillance Systemidescitation
Cloud computing, a future generation concept
characterized by three entities: Software, hardware &
network designed to enhance the capacity building
simultaneously increasing the throughput by extending the
reach for any system without having heavy investment of
infrastructure and training new personnel. It is becoming
a major building block for any sort of businesses across the
globe. This paper likes to propose a cloud as a solution for
having an effective disease surveillance system. Till now,
multiple surveillance systems come into play but still they
lack sensitivity, specificity & timeliness.
The paper started by assessing current definitions of NHS Information Governance (IG) and suggest
an acceptable approach going forward. It continued by assessing what is to be learned from the
challenges faced by NHS IG professionals and their colleagues, first in the macro environment, such as
centrally-led changes from government and government agencies; changes in legislation, especially the
pending Data Protection Act; confusion over responsibilities between agencies; and unhelpful centralised
publicity over poorly-run communications and programmes. Andrew will then move the discussion into
challenges within the micro environment, such as problems caused by staff lack in knowledge; accidents;
process issues; careless breaches; malicious intent and evidence from internal audit. The paper concluded by
suggesting a prioritised list of issues and concerns and some potential means to overcome them.
The Learning Outcomes from the paper were that:
1. NHS IG is not united in its own definition.
2. Concerns come from at least 2 angles, internal and external to the organisation.
3. Significant issues from both angles will be identified and end assessed.
Part of the "2016 Annual Conference: Big Data, Health Law, and Bioethics" held at Harvard Law School on May 6, 2016.
This conference aimed to: (1) identify the various ways in which law and ethics intersect with the use of big data in health care and health research, particularly in the United States; (2) understand the way U.S. law (and potentially other legal systems) currently promotes or stands as an obstacle to these potential uses; (3) determine what might be learned from the legal and ethical treatment of uses of big data in other sectors and countries; and (4) examine potential solutions (industry best practices, common law, legislative, executive, domestic and international) for better use of big data in health care and health research in the U.S.
The Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School 2016 annual conference was organized in collaboration with the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University and the Health Ethics and Policy Lab, University of Zurich.
Learn more at http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/2016-annual-conference.
Survey of open source health information systemshiij
Due to the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act (HITECH), the US
medical industry has been given a directive to transition to electronic health records. Electronic Health
Records will enhance efficiency and quality of patient care. In this paper, open-source health information
systems are surveyed.These systems include electronic medical records, electronic health records and
personal health record systems. Their functionality, implementation technologies used, and security
features are discussed.
Part of the "2016 Annual Conference: Big Data, Health Law, and Bioethics" held at Harvard Law School on May 6, 2016.
This conference aimed to: (1) identify the various ways in which law and ethics intersect with the use of big data in health care and health research, particularly in the United States; (2) understand the way U.S. law (and potentially other legal systems) currently promotes or stands as an obstacle to these potential uses; (3) determine what might be learned from the legal and ethical treatment of uses of big data in other sectors and countries; and (4) examine potential solutions (industry best practices, common law, legislative, executive, domestic and international) for better use of big data in health care and health research in the U.S.
The Petrie-Flom Center for Health Law Policy, Biotechnology, and Bioethics at Harvard Law School 2016 annual conference was organized in collaboration with the Berkman Center for Internet & Society at Harvard University and the Health Ethics and Policy Lab, University of Zurich.
Learn more at http://petrieflom.law.harvard.edu/events/details/2016-annual-conference.
Healthcares Vulnerability to Ransomware AttacksResearch questioSusanaFurman449
Healthcare's Vulnerability to Ransomware Attacks
Research question: To what extent is the healthcare system vulnerable to ransomware attacks?
This research aims to explain how the healthcare sector can become vulnerable to ransomware attacks. It will also discuss how the ransomware topic can influence practice. Methods and relevance for computer nursing to secure health information technology will be reviewed. Ransomware is a cyber-attack form that can damage a company and its IT infrastructure. A ransomware attack is a criminal cyber-attack using malware or software that blackmails a company to gain a money lift from its systems (Slayton, 2018). The software can delete personal data from computer systems except when a payment is made, and the cyber attacker provides the decryption key for unlocking the system. Many types of ransomware are available, and Intel Corp's McAfee Labs predict that these attacks will continue and their prevalence will increase. Comment by Mary Lind: nursing makes no sense here Comment by Mary Lind: what do you mean by form? Comment by Mary Lind: what is a money lift? Comment by Mary Lind: what software - the ransomware can delete anythign
This study examines the motivation of healthcare professionals to use theoretical protection theory (PMT) and deterrence theory to adopt security measures against ransomware attacks in a hospital setting (Rogers, 1975). These include perceived severe threats and perceived fear-mediated vulnerability. Misfitting rewards and reaction costs both have an important negative impact on motivation for protection. Effectiveness as a major coping factor is demonstrated. The results help to utilize fear and PMT in ransomware threats to influence protection motivation for healthcare devices. Comment by Mary Lind: for computers users in the hospital.
Target population
This research targets healthcare professionals, patients, and the general population because of the constant vulnerability of healthcare systems to ransomware attacks.
Methodology
In this research, we analyze the Healthcare's Vulnerability to Ransomware Attacks using quantitative research. Research involves healthcare professionals, patients, and the general population. The research will also review the safeguards that healthcare system users have implemented. Data will be analyzed via the Variance Analysis (ANOVA) various hypotheses that arise in the course of the research.
Findings
This makes the medical industry extremely sensitive to this criminal cyber-attack like ransomware due to advances in technology and extensive use of electronic medical documents. Many hospitals, such as Erie County Medical Center, have recently been affected by ransomware (ECMC). In April 2017, ECMC was affected by a ranking attack that shut down its IT systems after refusing to pay $30,000 to unlock it. Following the attack, they were obliged to return to the paper charts and maintained power outage operations by introducing urgent plans. Ransomwar ...
Electronic Healthcare Record Security and Management in Healthcare Organizationsijtsrd
"This study aim sat identifying the current countermeasures used in protecting the Electronic Healthcare Record and how employees share their knowledge about the existence Electronic Healthcare Record security as well as countermeasures used in mitigating the threats and data breaches in healthcare organizations. A case study of Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital, Nigeria was used and qualitative research method was adopted where purposive and stratified random sampling was used. This led to construction of eleven relevant questions to four categories of staff. A conceptual frame work was proposed to quid the study and the findings we reevaluated using the proposed frame work. There sults revealed that there is lack of knowledge sharing among employees and some factors were found to be the resistance factors, this include educational background, behavior, low security awareness, personality differences and lack of management commitment. On the other hand, deterrent, preventive and organizational actions were partially practiced as countermeasures used to mitigate the threats and vulnerability of data breaches of Electronic Healthcare Records in Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital in Nigeria. Attahiru Saminu, CLN ""Electronic Healthcare Record Security and Management in Healthcare Organizations"" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | International Conference on Advanced Engineering and Information Technology , November 2018, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd19124.pdf
Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/other-scientific-research-area/other/19124/electronic-healthcare-record-security-and-management-in-healthcare-organizations/attahiru-saminu-cln"
Nursing and Health Care Informatics Ethics and the LawW.docxcarlibradley31429
Nursing and Health Care Informatics Ethics and the Law
"Whatever, in connection with my professional service, or not in connection with it, I see or hear, in the life of men, which ought not to be spoken of abroad, I will not divulge, as reckoning that all such should be kept secret."
—Confidentiality excerpt from the Hippocratic Oath (as cited in Croll, 2010)
Traditional schools of medicine have a ritual of reciting oath excerpts such as the one above during their graduation ceremonies. Such excerpts usually revolve around a professional’s promise to uphold the ideals of patient safety and confidentiality to the best of his or her ability.
With the continued integration of Health Information Technology (HIT), and advances in technology such as hand-held computers, new ethical considerations have evolved within health care settings. For example, wireless capabilities can provide easier access to information from unauthorized outside parties. While technological advances have led to improvements in health care, they have also created new vulnerabilities. Doctorally prepared nurses need to be aware of ethical issues surrounding the use of patient information, technology, and the respective liabilities.
Reference:
Croll, P. (2010). Privacy, security and access with sensitive health information.
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics, 151,
167–175.
To prepare:
Reflect on this week’s Learning Resources, focusing on the ethical and legal issues associated with usage of data and health information.
For this Discussion, identify an ethical issue related to data collection or information management at your organization or one with which you are familiar.
Determine the potential liabilities that this ethical issue presents by reviewing the AMIA Code of Ethics.
Consider the legal aspects of your ethical issue and the steps that could be taken to avoid or minimize risk.
By tomorrow Wednesday 09/27/17, 12 pm, write a minimum of 550 words essay in APA format with a minimum of 3 references from the list in the instructions area. Include the level one headings as numbered below:
post
a cohesive response that addresses the following:
1) Describe your selected ethical issue (example of ethical issues in nursing Informatics are:
Ethical Use of Genomic Information and Electronic Medical Records, Alarm Fatigue, Privacy, Confidentiality, and Data Sharing
). Choose one!
2) Analyze the potential liabilities that this issue poses to the organization by referencing the AMIA Code of Ethics.
3) Formulate strategies that the organization could implement to address the ethical issue.
Required Readings
Course Text: American Nurses Association. (2008). Nursing informatics: Scope and standards of practice. Silver Spring, MD: Author.
"Ethics in Nursing Informatics" (p. 49-52)
This page of the text introduces three common ethical codes used in health care today.
Croll, P. (2010). Pr.
Running Head THE BACKGROUND QUESTION 1THE BACKGROUND QUESTION.docxtodd521
Running Head: THE BACKGROUND QUESTION 1
THE BACKGROUND QUESTION 3
https://southu-nur.meduapp.com/users/sign_in
The Background Question
Name
Institution
Course
Instructor’s Name
Date
The Background Question
Obesity is defined as a BMI at or above the 95th percentile for children and teens of the same age and sex (Liu, Li, Li, Li, Wang & Li, 2018). Liu et al. (2018) argue that childhood obesity lead to such health problems as type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. These could either occur at a young age, or even during adulthood. Children are also at risk of psychological problems like anxiety and depression. In addition, obesity causes significant economic challenges. These include for both the society and the family.
Obesity has emerged as a significant public health concern across the globe; the importance of early prevention and treatment cannot be exaggerated. Pediatric primary care is a promising setting for behavioral obesity prevention and treatment interventions. Primary care doctors provide a wide source of health information and interventions to the help the children and their families how to manage obesity. Primary care provides a multidisciplinary team approach where the children and their families are taught how to follow a healthy diet, the importance to practice physical exercises at least three times per week, the appropriate portion sizes and to limit the sweetened beverages (Byrne, Brown, Ball, Wild, Maximova, Holt, Cave, Martz, & Ellendt, 2018).
According to Byrne et al. (2018), obesity results from a combination of factors. They include behavioral, dietary, social, physical, genetic, and psychological factors. Nutrition during pregnancy as well as during early life are also thought of as causal factors (Byrne et al., 2018; Park & Cormier, 2018). Since a significant number of factors are known, it seems likely that effective solutions would be found. Nevertheless, this has not been the case so far. Indeed, the prevalence rate continues to rise.
The proposed study is, therefore, aimed at uncovering how childhood obesity develops, and how it could be prevented. The presumption is that changes should come from above. Working on policy changes would bring about timely solutions as the entire society would rallied towards a single aim (Liu et al., 2018). It is on this basis that the background question for the proposed research is “What policy changes are needed to address childhood obesity in an effective manner?”. Other questions to add for research that may help to build better my background question are:
How is Childhood obesity defined and how is it diagnosed in primary care?
What population is at the most risk for Childhood obesity?
What are some of the causes of Childhood obesity?
How is Childhood obesity identified and treated?
References
Byrne, J.L.S., Browne, N.E., Ball, G.D.C., Wild, C.T., Maximova, K., Holt, N.L., Cave, A.J., Martz, P., & Ellendt, C. (2018). A brief eHealth tool delivered in pri.
Running head ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHYANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY2.docxhealdkathaleen
Running head: ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY
ANNOTATED BIBLIOGRAPHY 2
Annotated bibliography
Anil Kumar Bandi
University of The Cumberlands
ITS 835- Enterprise Risk Management
Dr. Oludotun Oni
July 5th, 2019
Annotated bibliography: Cyber Security
Bada, M., Sasse, A. M., & Nurse, J. R. (2019). Cyber security awareness campaigns: Why do they fail to change behaviour. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.02672.
In this technology era where we are using technology everywhere and at the same time cyber threats also became very common. So, having awareness about the cyber security is always good. security is a touchy issue that should be treated with most extreme classification. Authors through this book, explained about the key factors regarding the security which may lead them to neglecting to properly change individuals' behavior. Past what's more, current endeavors to improve data security rehearses and advance a maintainable society have not had the ideal effect. It is significant in this way to basically think about the difficulties engaged with improving data security practices for natives, buyers and representatives as there are not aware of risks in cyber security. This research paper considers the challenges from a psychology perspective and, they believed that creating awareness is always based on how people react and perceive the risks.
The very important finding from this study is that, people know the answers for the questions asked during the survey about the risks they know about the cyber security but the interested thing, they don’t react how they usually react in real life. Being that said, it is very proposed that it is very essential for having risk awareness and practices from the beginning. This article also explained about the factors influencing the risks awareness failure in cyber security. And other important finding is, intercessions dependent on major hypothetical information to change conduct that consider social convictions and frames of mind and are bound to succeed.
Coffey, K., Maglaras, L. A., Smith, R., Janicke, H., Ferrag, M. A., Derhab, A., ... & Yousaf, A. (2018). Vulnerability Assessment of Cyber Security for SCADA Systems. In Guide to Vulnerability Analysis for Computer Networks and Systems (pp. 59-80). Springer, Cham.
This paper explains about the cyber security risk assessment of Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition system. In this system, security is mainly done by controlling physical access to framework parts which were extraordinary unique restrictive correspondence conventions. According to this paper, security in this system was present as an implication of safety. Modern day SCADA systems are more sophisticated and because of using the advanced technology and it’s complex too and prone to many risks as well. The SCADA systems are also prone to may risks because of rapidly increasing interconnectivity, hard wares and protocols using for communication and their standardization. So, risk assessment ...
Please don’t give me a two to three sentence replies. It has to lo.docxmattjtoni51554
Please don’t give me a two to three sentence replies. It has to look burky. At least 7 to 8 sentences. Thank you
Reply needed 1
john,
You provided a great explanation of what the MS-ISAC does for the organizations that it supports. Cities have a daunting task of trying to comply with federal regulations and laws as it tries to secure all of the sensitive data that it stores. There are several organizations that cities can partner up with to enhance security of their networks such as Cyber Security Research Alliance (CSRA), Microsoft, MITRE, and more. These partners can assist in planning and developing networks and other smart services. By partnering up with different organizations it will allow them to combat the many threats it faces.
Hall, A. (2015, February 03). Microsoft partners with cities and governments to improve cybersecurity for citizens. Retrieved July 04, 2016, from https://blogs.microsoft.com/cybertrust/ 2015/02/03/microsoft-partners-with-cities-and-governments-to-improve-cybersecurity-for-citizens/
Partnership. (n.d.). Retrieved July 04, 2016, from https://www.mitre.org/capabilities/ cybersecurity/partnership
Reply needed 2
With such resources available it’s hard to believe cyber-attacks are continuously successful at such a high rate. Swimlane.com published shocked 2015 stats and the numbers are enormous. To name a couple, there were over $169 million personal records compromised and some companies lost and upward of $300 for every personal record lost (Cornell, 2016). I’m also curious to know what type of insurance is provided by cybersecurity companies such as MS-ISAC. If a company suffers a loss due to a cyber breach with their operation were under the monitoring and maintenance of such a company, does the company cover the cost? Something I’ll research.
R,
E.W.
Reply needed 3
Hard to believe. Really. Do you know anyone that goes against their company policies and checks their personal email or better yet has to check their Facebook page? What about someone that clicks on a link within an email from a bank they do not have an account with. All the security controls in the world will not work if users of the system can circumvent them. Sure companies and agencies can automate and lock down most things; however, they try to maintain some level of balance for their workers so they accept a certain level of risks. Remember security is a responsibility of everyone not just cyber security and IT professionals.
Reply needed 4
Working with the Multi-State Information Sharing and Analysis Center (MS-ISAC)
States collect, process, transmit, and store large amounts of private information about individuals and businesses and require assistance with cyber threat prevention, protection, response and recovery of this data (CIS 2016). MS-ISAC assist state governments with improving their overall cyber security posture, by providing opportunities for collaboration and information sharing among members, private sector partners a.
Make sure it is in APA 7 format and at least 3-4 paragraphs and refe.docxendawalling
Make sure it is in APA 7 format and at least 3-4 paragraphs and references.
Throughout history, technological advancements have appeared for one purpose before finding applications elsewhere that lead to spikes in its usage and development. The internet, for example, was originally developed to share research before becoming a staple of work and entertainment. But technology—new and repurposed—will undoubtedly continue to be a driver of healthcare information. Informaticists often stay tuned to trends to monitor what the next new technology will be or how the next new idea for applying existing technology can benefit outcomes.
In this Discussion, you will reflect on your healthcare organization’s use of technology and offer a technology trend you observe in your environment.
To Prepare:
Reflect on the Resources related to digital information tools and technologies.
Consider your healthcare organization’s use of healthcare technologies to manage and distribute information.
Reflect on current and potential future trends, such as use of social media and mobile applications/telehealth, Internet of Things (IoT)-enabled asset tracking, or expert systems/artificial intelligence, and how they may impact nursing practice and healthcare delivery.
By Day 3 of Week 6
Post
a brief description of general healthcare technology trends, particularly related to data/information you have observed in use in your healthcare organization or nursing practice. Describe any potential challenges or risks that may be inherent in the technologies associated with these trends you described. Then, describe at least one potential benefit and one potential risk associated with data safety, legislation, and patient care for the technologies you described. Next, explain which healthcare technology trends you believe are most promising for impacting healthcare technology in nursing practice and explain why. Describe whether this promise will contribute to improvements in patient care outcomes, efficiencies, or data management. Be specific and provide examples.
By Day 6 of Week 6
Respond
to at least
two
of your colleagues
* on two different days
, offering additional/alternative ideas regarding opportunities and risks related to the observations shared.
Click on the
Reply
button below to reveal the textbox for entering your message. Then click on the
Submit
button to post your message.
*Note:
Throughout this program, your fellow students are referred to as colleagues.
Throughout history, technological advancements have appeared for one purpose before finding applications elsewhere that lead to spikes in its usage and development. The internet, for example, was originally developed to share research before becoming a staple of work and entertainment. But technology—new and repurposed—will undoubtedly continue to be a driver of healthcare information. Informaticists often stay tuned to trends to monitor what the next new technology will be or how the next .
Week 5 Reflection Pulse checkTop of FormBottom of FormPulse .docxhelzerpatrina
Week 5 Reflection Pulse check
Top of Form
Bottom of Form
Pulse Check
The “Pulse” Check. Where are you in your journey and how are you doing?
DQ2 of Week 5 is an opportunity for you to self-assess and reflect on your journey. You can write about it expressing your navigation through the Role course. Model from the scripts in this week but be specific to your experience.
Evaluate how you have achieved course competencies and your plans to develop further in these areas. The course competencies for this course are as follows:
1. Explore the historical evolution of the advance practice nurse.
2. Differentiate the roles and scope of practice for nurses working in advanced clinical, education, administration, informatics, research, and health policy arenas.
3. Analyze attributes of the practice arena such as access and availability, degree of consumer choice, competition, and financing that impact advanced practice nurses and their ability to effectively collaborate with other health professionals.
4. Integrate evidence from research and theory into discussions of practice competencies, health promotion and disease prevention strategies, quality improvement, and safety standards.
5. Identify collaborative, organizational, communication, and leadership skills in working with other professionals in healthcare facilities and/or academic institutions.
6. Synthesize knowledge from values theory, ethics, and legal/regulatory statutes in the development of a personal philosophy for a career as an advanced practice nurse.
Guidelines: Support your responses with scholarly academic references using APA style format. Assigned course readings and online library resources are preferred. Weekly lecture notes are designed as overviews to the topic for the respective week and should not serve as a citation or reference.
In your discussion question response, provide a substantive response that illustrates a well-reasoned and thoughtful response; is factually correct with relevant scholarly citations, references, and examples that demonstrate a clear connection to the readings.
Week 5
Article and Videos
Read the following peer reviewed article. Incorporate key points in your DQ 1 and any other assignment.
A Day in the Life: Nurse Johnson & Johnson Nursing Campaign Mystery Box Unboxing ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rgojAOyPvfk&list=PLU05He9EuwhlRCO5iVPgjeA7-K1lE3Y8X )
Strech, S., & Wyatt, D. A. (2013). Partnering to lead change: Nurses' role in the redesign of health care. Association of Operating Room Nurses.AORN Journal, 98(3), 260-6. doi:http://dx.doi.org.southuniversity.libproxy.edmc.edu/10.1016/j.aorn.2013.07.006
A Day in the Life: Nurse Educator A Day in the Life - Susan, Nurse Educator, MSN, RN, Ph.D. Candidate ( https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Z_sG4GRtP-o )
A Day in the Life: Family Nurse Practitioner A Day in the Life - Steve (Family Nurse Practitioner) (https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d-kL1OFbCC8 )
A Day in the Life: Palliative Care NP A Day in ...
Transforming Nursing and Healthcare through Technology (NURS - 6051N.docxcandycemidgley
Transforming Nursing and Healthcare through Technology (NURS - 6051N – 37)
DISCUSSION- 1
The Effects of “To Err Is Human” in Nursing Practice
The 1999 landmark study titled “To Err Is Human: Building a Safer Health System” highlighted the unacceptably high incidence of U.S. medical errors and put forth recommendations to improve patient safety. Since its publication, the recommendations in “To Err Is Human’ have guided significant changes in nursing practice in the United States.
In this Discussion, you will review these recommendations and consider the role of health information technology in helping address concerns presented in the report.
To prepare:
Review the summary of “To Err Is Human” presented in the Plawecki and Amrhein article found in this week’s Learning Resources.
Consider the following statement:
“The most significant barrier to improving patient safety identified in “To Err Is Human” is a “lack of awareness of the extent to which errors occur daily in all health care settings and organizations (Wakefield, 2008).”
Review “The Quality Chasm Series: Implications for Nursing” focusing on Table 3: “Simple Rules for the 21st Century Health Care System.” Consider your current organization or one with which you are familiar. Reflect on one of the rules where the “current rule” is still in operation in the organization and consider another instance in which the organization has effectively transitioned to the new rule.
Please Provide References
Learning Resources
Required Readings
American Nurses Association. (2015). Nursing informatics: Scope & standards of practice (2nd ed.). Silver Springs, MD: Author.
“Introduction”
This portion of the text introduces nursing informatics and outlines the functions of the scope and standards.
McGonigle, D., & Mastrian, K. G. (2015). Nursing informatics and the foundation of knowledge (3rd ed.). Burlington, MA: Jones and Bartlett Learning.
Chapter 1, “Nursing Science and the Foundation of Knowledge”
This chapter defines nursing science and details its relation to nursing roles and nursing informatics. The chapter also serves as an introduction to the foundation of knowledge model used throughout the text.
Chapter 2, “Introduction to Information, Information Science, and Information Systems”
In this chapter, the authors highlight the importance of information systems. The authors specify the qualities that enable information systems to meet the needs of the health care industry.
Wakefield, M. K. (2008). The Quality Chasm series: Implications for nursing. In R. G. Hughes (Ed.), Patient safety and quality: An evidence-based handbook for nurses (Vol. 1, pp. 47–66). Rockville, MD: U. S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Pages 1–12
These 12 pages highlight the issues raised by the Quality Chasm Series and examine their long-term implications for nursing. The text reviews external drivers of safety and quality, design principles for safe systems, and guidelines for health care redesign.
Ciprian ...
Navigating Challenges: Mental Health, Legislation, and the Prison System in B...Guillermo Rivera
This conference will delve into the intricate intersections between mental health, legal frameworks, and the prison system in Bolivia. It aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current challenges faced by mental health professionals working within the legislative and correctional landscapes. Topics of discussion will include the prevalence and impact of mental health issues among the incarcerated population, the effectiveness of existing mental health policies and legislation, and potential reforms to enhance the mental health support system within prisons.
Welcome to Secret Tantric, London’s finest VIP Massage agency. Since we first opened our doors, we have provided the ultimate erotic massage experience to innumerable clients, each one searching for the very best sensual massage in London. We come by this reputation honestly with a dynamic team of the city’s most beautiful masseuses.
We understand the unique challenges pickleball players face and are committed to helping you stay healthy and active. In this presentation, we’ll explore the three most common pickleball injuries and provide strategies for prevention and treatment.
CRISPR-Cas9, a revolutionary gene-editing tool, holds immense potential to reshape medicine, agriculture, and our understanding of life. But like any powerful tool, it comes with ethical considerations.
Unveiling CRISPR: This naturally occurring bacterial defense system (crRNA & Cas9 protein) fights viruses. Scientists repurposed it for precise gene editing (correction, deletion, insertion) by targeting specific DNA sequences.
The Promise: CRISPR offers exciting possibilities:
Gene Therapy: Correcting genetic diseases like cystic fibrosis.
Agriculture: Engineering crops resistant to pests and harsh environments.
Research: Studying gene function to unlock new knowledge.
The Peril: Ethical concerns demand attention:
Off-target Effects: Unintended DNA edits can have unforeseen consequences.
Eugenics: Misusing CRISPR for designer babies raises social and ethical questions.
Equity: High costs could limit access to this potentially life-saving technology.
The Path Forward: Responsible development is crucial:
International Collaboration: Clear guidelines are needed for research and human trials.
Public Education: Open discussions ensure informed decisions about CRISPR.
Prioritize Safety and Ethics: Safety and ethical principles must be paramount.
CRISPR offers a powerful tool for a better future, but responsible development and addressing ethical concerns are essential. By prioritizing safety, fostering open dialogue, and ensuring equitable access, we can harness CRISPR's power for the benefit of all. (2998 characters)
How many patients does case series should have In comparison to case reports.pdfpubrica101
Pubrica’s team of researchers and writers create scientific and medical research articles, which may be important resources for authors and practitioners. Pubrica medical writers assist you in creating and revising the introduction by alerting the reader to gaps in the chosen study subject. Our professionals understand the order in which the hypothesis topic is followed by the broad subject, the issue, and the backdrop.
https://pubrica.com/academy/case-study-or-series/how-many-patients-does-case-series-should-have-in-comparison-to-case-reports/
The dimensions of healthcare quality refer to various attributes or aspects that define the standard of healthcare services. These dimensions are used to evaluate, measure, and improve the quality of care provided to patients. A comprehensive understanding of these dimensions ensures that healthcare systems can address various aspects of patient care effectively and holistically. Dimensions of Healthcare Quality and Performance of care include the following; Appropriateness, Availability, Competence, Continuity, Effectiveness, Efficiency, Efficacy, Prevention, Respect and Care, Safety as well as Timeliness.
2. Topic Collection: Cybersecurity
Recent cyberattacks on healthcare facilities have had significant effects on every aspect of
patient care and organizational continuity. They highlight the need for healthcare organizations
of all sizes and types to implement cybersecurity best practices and conduct robust planning and
exercising for cyber incident response and consequence management. As the number of
cyberattacks on this sector increases, healthcare practitioners, facility executives, information
technology professionals, and emergency managers must remain current on the ever-changing
nature and type of threats to their facilities, systems, patients, and staff. The resources in this
Topic Collection can help stakeholders better protect against, mitigate, respond to, and recover
from cyber threats, ensuring patient safety and operational continuity.
Each resource in this Topic Collection is placed into one or more of the following categories
(click on the category name to be taken directly to that set of resources). Resources marked with
an asterisk (*) appear in more than one category.
Must Reads
Education and Training
Education and Training: HHS-Specific
Guidance
Incident Management
Legal/Regulatory Resources
Lessons Learned
Medical Devices
Plans, Tools, and Templates
Ransomware Resources
Risk and Threat
Agencies and Organizations
Must Reads
Cybersecurity Unit. (2015). Best Practices for Victim Response and Reporting of Cyber
Incidents. U.S. Department of Justice.
This document provides planning and response guidance based on lessons learned by
federal prosecutors while handling cyber investigations and prosecutions. The authors
drafted the document with smaller organizations (with fewer resources) in mind, but
larger organizations should also find it useful.
Filkins, B. (2014). Health Care Cyberthreat Report: Widespread Compromises Detected,
Compliance Nightmare on Horizon. SANS Institute.
1
3. 2
The project team analyzed a year’s worth of healthcare intelligence data and provide an
overview of the sector’s vulnerabilities (including the “Internet of Things” and challenges
related to compliance). The author shares three case studies that demonstrate traffic and
how healthcare networks were attacked and concludes with preparedness tips useful to
both information technology professionals and emergency planners.
Healthcare and Public Health Sector Coordinating Councils. (2014). Protecting the Digital
Infrastructure: Cybersecurity Checklist.
This short (introductory) checklist can help healthcare providers protect their digital
infrastructure.
Healthcare and Public Health Sector Cybersecurity Working Group. (2013). Healthcare and
Public Health Cybersecurity Primer: Cybersecurity 101.
This primer can help healthcare providers learn more about the basics of cybersecurity,
common vulnerabilities and threats, and how to manage risk. Also included is a matrix of
threats with consequences that can be helpful to administrators.
Johnson, C., Badger, L., and Waltermire, D., et al. (2014). Guide to Cyber Threat Information
Sharing (Second Draft). (NIST SP 800-150.) National Institute of Standards and
Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce.
This publication can help cyber professionals in the healthcare system establish and
participate in cyber threat information sharing relationships. It contains information on
developing information sharing goals, identifying threat sources, engaging with existing
information sharing communities, and effectively using threat information, which can
help health systems share threat information in a structured fashion.
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2014). Framework for Improving Critical
Infrastructure Cybersecurity. (V. 1.0).
This document provides a detailed framework to protect critical infrastructure and a set of
activities to achieve specific cybersecurity outcomes. The Core Functions include:
Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover, and Section 3 of the guide includes
examples of how the framework can be employed when creating a cybersecurity
program.
Perakslis, E.D. and Stanley, M. (2016). A Cybersecurity Primer for Translational Research,
Science Translational Medicine. 8(322): 2.
The authors discuss recent healthcare-related data breaches and how they could have
been prevented. They also highlight the differences between compliance and security
(and how they overlap)—particularly in the research arena—and share tips for improving
cybersecurity.
4. 3
United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team. (n.d.). Resources for Business. U.S.
Department of Homeland Security. (Accessed 6/9/2016.)
This webpage (known by the acronym US-CERT) features links to cybersecurity
resources for businesses (e.g., healthcare facilities) grouped into the following categories:
Resources to Identify, Resources to Protect, Resources to Detect, and Resources to
Recover.
United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team. (2016). Ransomware and Recent Variants.
U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
This factsheet provides an overview of ransomware and shares how the variants Locky
and Samas were recently used to compromise healthcare networks.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. (n.d.). Security Rule
Guidance Material. (Accessed 6/10/2016.)
This webpage assists healthcare professionals find information about the HIPAA Security
Rule and provides links to other standards and resources on safeguarding electronic
protected health information.
* U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights and Office of the
National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. (2015). Security Risk
Assessment (SRA) Tool.
The Security Risk Assessment tool was designed to help guide healthcare providers in
small to medium-sized offices conduct risk assessments of their organizations. This
webpage contains a user guide and tutorial video. Users can download the app to their
computers or iPads.
Williams, P.A. and Woodward, A.J. (2015). Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities in Medical Devices: A
Complex Environment and Multifaceted Problem. Medical Devices. 8:305-16.
The authors review the factors that can contribute to cybersecurity vulnerabilities in
medical devices and provide guidance regarding protection mechanisms, mitigations, and
processes.
Education and Training
Grance, T., Nolan, T., Burke, K., et al. (2006). Guide to Test, Training, and Exercise Programs
for IT Plans and Capabilities. (NIST SP 800-84.) National Institute of Standards and
Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce.
This guide can help staff in healthcare facilities design, develop, conduct and evaluate
cybersecurity tests, training, and exercise events.
5. 4
Healthcare and Public Health Sector Cybersecurity Working Group. (2013). Healthcare and
Public Health Cybersecurity Primer: Cybersecurity 101.
This primer can help healthcare providers learn more about the basics of cybersecurity,
common vulnerabilities and threats, and how to manage risk. Also included is a matrix of
threats with consequences that can be helpful to administrators.
Industrial Control Systems Cyber Emergency Response Team. (n.d.) Training Available through
ICS-CERT. U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (Accessed 6/10/2016).
This webpage includes links to scheduled web-based and instructor-led cybersecurity
training on the ICS-CERT calendar. These programs are geared toward industrial control
system protection.
National Initiative for Cybersecurity Careers and Studies. (n.d.). Training. U.S. Department of
Homeland Security. (Accessed 6/10/2016).
From this webpage, visitors can search for offered trainings by focus area, offering entity,
level of training, location of training, and other factors as well as access various on-line
training sites.
*National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2015). National Cybersecurity Workforce
Framework.
The National Cybersecurity Workforce Framework was developed to provide employers,
staff, training providers, and participants with a common set of skills and tasks (based on
common language) to define and perform cybersecurity work. This webpage includes
links to various framework materials which feature with tasks and skills tied to job
categories.
* U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. (n.d.). HIPAA
Training & Resources. (Accessed 6/10/2016.)
These training and resource materials were developed to help entities implement privacy
and security protections. This webpage includes videos and slides from state attorneys
general training and educational programs for healthcare providers.
Education and Training: HHS-Specific
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Chief Information Officer. (2013).
Rules of Behavior for Use of HHS Information Resources.
These rules apply to government employees, contractors, and other system users and
must be read by all new users prior to accessing HHS data, systems, or networks. The
policies may serve as a helpful template for private sector entities.
6. 5
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Chief Information Officer. (2015).
Information Security for Executives: Fiscal Year 2015.
This training course defines the security responsibilities for senior executives within
HHS.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Chief Information Officer.
(2015). Information Security for IT Administrators, Fiscal Year 2015.
This training course defines the security responsibilities for IT Administrators within
HHS.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Chief Information Officer.
(2015). Information Security for Managers: Fiscal Year 2015.
This training course defines the security responsibilities for information technology and
program managers within HHS.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office of the Chief Information Officer. (2016).
Cybersecurity Awareness Training: Fiscal Year 2016.
This training course provides general guidelines for securing information and information
systems for federal employees though it may be a valuable outline for private sector
employee learning.
Guidance
Cichonski, P., Millar, T., Grance, T., and Scarfone, K. (2012). Computer Security Incident
Handling Guide. (NIST SP 800-61.) National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
This guide can help healthcare organizations develop cybersecurity incident response
capabilities. It includes guidelines for handling incidents (focusing on analyzing incident-
related data and determining the appropriate response to each incident), and detailed
incident management information and checklists. The authors note that the guidelines can
be followed regardless of hardware platforms, operating systems, protocols, or
applications.
Clark, D., Berson, T., and Lin, H.S. (Eds.) (2014). At the Nexus of Cybersecurity and Public
Policy: Some Basic Concepts and Issues. (Free download.) The National Academies
Press.
This book “is a call for action to make cybersecurity a public safety priority.” It provides
a comprehensive overview of the field and approaches for assessing and improving
cybersecurity.
7. 6
Cybersecurity Unit. (2015). Best Practices for Victim Response and Reporting of Cyber
Incidents. U.S. Department of Justice.
This document provides planning and response guidance based on lessons learned by
federal prosecutors while handling cyber investigations and prosecutions. The authors
drafted the document with smaller organizations (with fewer resources), but larger
organizations may also find it useful.
Dietrich, T. and Schuler, K. (2016). The Business Case for Information Governance in
Healthcare. BDO.
The authors explain the need for information governance programs in healthcare, and
highlight the associated benefits (e.g., improved quality of care, increased operational
effectiveness, reduced cost and risk). Though this reference is located on a commercial
website, the information governance conceptual framework is a helpful construct for the
ASPR TRACIE audience.
Filkins, B. (2014). Health Care Cyberthreat Report: Widespread Compromises Detected,
Compliance Nightmare on Horizon. SANS Institute.
The project team analyzed a year’s worth of healthcare intelligence data and provide an
overview of the sector’s vulnerabilities (including the “Internet of Things” and challenges
related to compliance). The author shares three case studies that demonstrate traffic and
how healthcare networks were attacked and concludes with preparedness tips useful to
both information technology professionals and emergency planners.
Filkins, B. (2014). New Threats Drive Improved Practices: State of Cybersecurity in Health Care
Organizations. SANS Institute.
The author presents results from a SANS 2014 State of Cybersecurity in Health Care
Organizations survey. Overall, 41% of respondents ranked current data breach detection
strategies as ineffective and more than half found the “negligent insider” to be the
primary threat to security.
Health Information Trust Alliance. (2014). Healthcare’s Model Approach to Critical
Infrastructure Cybersecurity.
This white paper provides an overview of cybersecurity, including how it is being
addressed in the healthcare enterprise, and the key elements of a cybersecurity program.
Also included is a highly detailed mapping of how healthcare can implement the NIST
Cybersecurity Framework, and how to best use threat intelligence.
8. 7
Homeland Security Information Network. (2016). Cyber Threats Library. (Registration
required.)
This library includes information on potential cybersecurity threats grouped into several
categories: FBI Flash (information from the Liaison Alert System); HHS Cyber Threat
Intelligence Program Product; DHS Weekly Analytic Synopsis; Ransomware; and other
sources.
Independent Security Evaluators. (2016). Securing Hospitals: A Research Study and Blueprint.
The authors describe research conducted on a variety of hospital and healthcare-related
infrastructures and systems; identify industry-specific challenges; and create a blueprint
for improving healthcare facility security.
Johnson, C., Badger, L., and Waltermire, D., et al. (2014). Guide to Cyber Threat Information
Sharing (Second Draft). (NIST SP 800-150.) National Institute of Standards and
Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce.
This publication can help cyber professionals in the healthcare system establish and
participate in cyber threat information sharing relationships. It contains information on
developing information sharing goals, identifying threat sources, engaging with existing
information sharing communities, and effectively using threat information, which can
help health systems share threat information in a structured fashion.
* Joint HPH Cybersecurity Working Group. (2016). Healthcare Sector Cybersecurity Framework
Implementation Guide.
This guide was developed in consultation with the Healthcare and Public Health (HPH)
Sector Coordinating Council and Government Coordinating Council, along with input
from other sector members and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Critical
Infrastructure Cyber Community. The goal of the guide is to help HPH Sector
organizations understand and use the HITRUST Risk Management Framework—
consisting of the HITRUST CSF, CSF Assurance Program, and supporting
methodologies—to implement the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity in the HPH Sector and
meet its objectives for critical infrastructure protection.
Koppel, R., Smith, S., Blythe, J., and Kothari, V. (2015). Workarounds to Computer Access in
Healthcare Organizations: You Want my Password or a Dead Patient? (Abstract only.)
Studies in Health Technology and Informatics. 208: 215-220.
The authors examine the methods some healthcare providers use to circumvent
cybersecurity. These “creative, flexible, and motivated” employees did not have criminal
intention—they were presumably focused on providing patient care in a fast-paced
environment.
9. 8
* National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2015). National Cybersecurity Workforce
Framework.
The National Cybersecurity Workforce Framework was developed to provide employers,
staff, training providers, and participants with a common set of skills and tasks (based on
common language) to define and perform cybersecurity work. This webpage includes
links to various framework materials which feature with tasks and skills tied to job
categories.
Perakslis, E.D. and Stanley, M. (2016). A Cybersecurity Primer for Translational Research,
Science Translational Medicine. Science Translational Medicine 8(322): 2.
The authors discuss recent healthcare-related data breaches and how they could have
been prevented. They also highlight the differences between compliance and security
(and how they overlap)—particularly in the research arena—and share tips for improving
cybersecurity.
Pilch, P. and Shaghaghi, S. (2016). Cybercrime: How the Healthcare Sector Can Protect Itself.
Private Healthcare Investor. (Registration required to access entire article.)
The authors provide an overview of the cyber threat to the healthcare industry and tips for
guarding against future attacks.
Scarfone, K. and Mell, P. (2012). Guide to Intrusion Detection and Prevention Systems (IDPS)
(Draft). (NIST SP 800-94). National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S.
Department of Commerce.
This report provides an overview of four intrusion detection and prevention technologies:
network-based, wireless, network behavior analysis (NBA), and host-based.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. (n.d.). Security Rule
Guidance Material. (Accessed 6/10/2016.)
This webpage assists healthcare professionals find information about the HIPAA Security
Rule and provides links to other standards and resources on safeguarding electronic
protected health information.
United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team. (n.d.). Resources for Business. U.S.
Department of Homeland Security. (Accessed 6/9/2016.)
This webpage (known by the acronym US-CERT) features links to cybersecurity
resources for businesses (e.g., healthcare facilities) grouped into the following categories:
Resources to Identify, Resources to Protect, Resources to Detect, and Resources to
Recover.
10. 9
Valderrama, A., Lee, S., Batts, D., et al. (2016). Healthcare Organization and Hospital
Discussion Guide For Cybersecurity. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Healthcare facility staff can use this document--presented as a discussion-based exercise-
-to identify their cybersecurity challenges, needs, and strengths.
Incident Management
Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams. (2016). FIRST.
This membership organization is comprised of computer security incident response teams
from government, educational, and commercial organizations. FIRST’s goals include
encouraging cooperation and coordination in incident prevention, rapid incident response,
and the promotion of information sharing among members and the community at large.
ISACA. (2012). Incident Management and Response White Paper. (Free registration required.)
This document provides an overview of incident management and response as it relates to
information security threats and incidents.
Mell, P., Kent, K., and Nusbaum, J. (2005). Guide to Malware Incident Prevention and Handling.
(NIST SP 800-83.) National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of
Commerce.
The authors provide recommendations that can help an organization prevent, prepare for,
respond to, and recover from malware incidents, especially widespread ones. Several
types of malware are addressed (e.g., worms, viruses, and Trojan horses) and Appendix B
provides malware incident handling scenarios that can help identify strengths and gaps in
a facility’s cybersecurity plans.
The International Organization for Standardization. (n.d.). Information Security Incident
Management. (ISO/IEC 27035; accessed 5/19/2016. First three sections provided for free;
the rest of the document may be purchased.)
Cybersecurity professionals can use the guidance in this International Standard to “a)
detect, report and assess information security incidents; b) respond to and manage
information security incidents; c) detect, assess and manage information security
vulnerabilities; and d) continuously improve information security and incident
management as a result of managing information security incidents and vulnerabilities.”
* U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights and Office of the
National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. (2015). Security Risk
Assessment (SRA) Tool.
11. 10
The Security Risk Assessment tool was designed to help guide healthcare providers in
small to medium-sized offices conduct risk assessments of their organizations. This
webpage contains a user guide and tutorial video. Users can download the app to their
computers or iPads.
12. 11
Legal / Regulatory Resources
Kent, K., Chevalier, S., Grance, T., and Dang, H. (2006). Guide to Integrating Forensic
Techniques into Incident Response. (NIST SP 800-86). National Institute of Standards
and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The guidance in this document can help cyber professionals develop digital forensic
capabilities that complements local regulations. The authors provide comprehensive
information on using the analysis process with four data categories (network traffic, files,
operating systems, and applications).
* U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. (n.d.). HIPAA
Training & Resources. (Accessed 6/10/2016.)
These training and resource materials were developed to help entities implement privacy
and security protections. This webpage includes videos and slides from state attorneys
general training and educational programs for healthcare providers.
The White House. (2013). Executive Order -- Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity.
This Executive Order directs the U.S. government to “increase the volume, timeliness,
and quality of cyber threat information shared with U.S. private sector entities so that
these entities may better protect and defend themselves against cyber threats.”
The White House. (2015). Executive Order -- Promoting Private Sector Cybersecurity
Information Sharing.
This Executive Order builds upon the 2013 directive and Presidential Policy Directive-
21, and calls for the U.S. Secretary of Homeland Security to “encourage the development
and formation of Information Sharing and Analysis Organizations.” The organizations
may include members from the public or private sectors and can operate as for-profit or
nonprofit entities.
United States Congress. (2015). S.754 - Cybersecurity Information Sharing Act of 2015.
This bill requires the Director of National Intelligence and the U.S. Departments of
Homeland Security, Defense, and Justice to develop strategies to share cybersecurity
threat information with all entities under threats (e.g., private, nonfederal government
agencies, state, tribal, and local governments, and the public). This includes information
that could prevent/mitigate adverse effects and best practices.
13. 12
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. (n.d.). HIPAA for
Professionals. (Accessed 6/10/2016.)
Cybersecurity professionals can locate information about HIPAA rules, guidance on
compliance, the Office for Civil Rights’ enforcement activities, frequently asked
questions, and more on this webpage. This site also contains a variety of compliance and
security resources relative to patient information.
Lessons Learned
ASPR TRACIE. (2016). Cybersecurity and Healthcare Facilities. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response.
Cybersecurity is a critical issue facing the ASPR TRACIE audience. In this webinar, a
distinguished panel of experts describe lessons learned from recent experiences, planning
considerations, and steps the federal government is taking to address cybersecurity and
cyber hygiene.
Davis, J. (2016). Human Element the Weakest Link in Healthcare Security, Says Verizon Report.
Healthcare IT News.
Verizon examined more than 100,000 security incidents and found that of the 166
healthcare breaches, 115 had confirmed data loss, 32% were caused by stolen assets, and
23% were a result of privilege misuse. The report also found reuse of credentials to be a
healthcare-specific risk.
Duncan, I., McDaniels, A.K., and Campbell, C. (2016). Hackers Offering Bulk Discount to
Unlock Encrypted MedStar Data. The Baltimore Sun.
The authors provide an overview of a recent attack on MedStar (a system in the
Baltimore-Washington, DC region), highlighting the need for newer employees to also be
familiar with more traditional (non-electronic) paper-pencil methods for maintaining
records.
Stone, J. (2016). Hackers’ Ransom Attack on California Hospital More Proof Healthcare
Cybersecurity Is Floundering. International Business Times.
The author provides an overview of the cyberattack on Hollywood Presbyterian Medical
Center (CA).
U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (2016). Cyber Storm: Securing Cyber Space.
Cyber Storm is the U.S. Department of Homeland Security’s biennial cybersecurity
exercise. This webpage includes highlights and lessons learned from exercises and links
for more information.
14. 13
Verizon. (2016). 2016 Data Breach Investigations Report.
This comprehensive report details data from over 100,000 incidents affecting various
industries, including healthcare. Victim demographics, vulnerabilities, phishing, and
incident classification patterns are discussed and an entire appendix is devoted to “attack
graphs.”
Medical Devices
Armstrong, D.G. Kleidermacher, D.N., Klonoff, D.C., and Slepian, M.J. (2015). Cybersecurity
Regulation of Wireless Devices for Performance and Assurance in the Age of
"Medjacking." (Abstract only.) Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology. 10(2): 435-
438.
The authors outline a framework for securing wireless health devices to minimize the
occurrence of “medjacking,” or the hacking medical devices.
Gerard, P., Kapadia, N., Acharya, J., et al. (2013). Cybersecurity in Radiology: Access of Public
Hot Spots and Public Wi-Fi and Prevention of Cybercrimes and HIPAA Violations.
(Abstract only.) American Journal of Roentgenology. 201(6): 1186-1189.
The authors list steps that can be taken to protect sensitive information while transferring
medical information over public and home networks. They emphasize the importance of
these steps and strategies as the role of information technology in modern radiology
practice increases.
Klonoff, D.C. (2015). Cybersecurity for Connected Diabetes Devices. Journal of Diabetes
Science and Technology. 9(5):1143-7.
The author provides an overview of the “CIA Triad” for information security, where C
stands for confidentiality, I stands for integrity, and A stands for availability. The author
explains how a cybersecurity standard designed specifically for connected diabetes
devices will improve device safety and increase security.
Kramer, D.B., Baker, M., Ransford, B., et al. (2012). Security and Privacy Qualities of Medical
Devices: An Analysis of FDA Postmarket Surveillance. PLoS One. 7(7):e40200.
The authors evaluated recalls and adverse events related to security and privacy risks of
medical devices and found “sharp inconsistencies” in the way individual providers
secured devices. The authors challenged manufacturers and regulators to consider the
security and privacy elements of their devices and systems and to build the ability to
collect cybersecurity threat indicators into their medical devices.
15. 14
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2014). Content of Premarket Submissions for Management
of Cybersecurity in Medical Devices: Guidance for Industry and Food and Drug
Administration Staff. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
This guidance provides recommendations to consider and information to include in FDA
medical device premarket submissions for effective cybersecurity management. Effective
cybersecurity management is intended to reduce the risk to patients by decreasing the
likelihood that device functionality is intentionally or unintentionally compromised by
inadequate cybersecurity.
U.S. Food and Drug Administration. (2016). Moving Forward: Collaborative Approaches to
Medical Device Cybersecurity, January 20-21, 2016. U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services.
Users can access webcasts, presentations, transcripts, and a program book from this
meeting held in 2016 as well as the new January 2016 draft guidance on medical devices
(updated from 2014). Speakers in the workshop highlighted collaborative efforts and
shared information about existing frameworks that can help assess an organization’s
cybersecurity processes.
Williams, P.A. and Woodward, A.J. (2015). Cybersecurity Vulnerabilities in Medical Devices: A
Complex Environment and Multifaceted Problem. Medical Devices. 8:305-16.
The authors review the factors that can contribute to cybersecurity vulnerabilities in
medical devices and provide guidance regarding protection mechanisms, mitigations, and
processes.
Plans, Tools, and Templates
* Health Information Trust Alliance. (2014). HITRUST De-Identification Framework. (Free
registration required.)
Developed in collaboration with healthcare, information security, and de-identification
professionals, the HITRUST De-Identification Framework provides a consistent,
managed methodology for the contextual de-identification of data and the sharing of
compliance and risk information amongst entities and their key stakeholders. The
Framework provides 12 criteria for a successful de-identification program and
methodology that can be scaled to any organization: the first four criteria address the
programmatic and administrative controls that an organization should have in place to
govern de-identification, and the remaining eight criteria may be used to derive a de-
identified data set, either on an ad hoc basis or by instituting a process that will deliver
de-identified data sets.
16. 15
Healthcare and Public Health Sector Coordinating Councils. (2014). Protecting the Digital
Infrastructure: Cybersecurity Checklist.
This short (introductory) checklist can help healthcare providers protect their digital
infrastructure.
IAPP. (2016). Security Breach Response Plan Toolkit.
This toolkit can help healthcare facility cybersecurity planners create a security breach
response plan and lower the risk of a breach that could compromise patient health and the
reputation of the facility.
* Joint HPH Cybersecurity Working Group. (2016). Healthcare Sector Cybersecurity Framework
Implementation Guide.
This guide was developed in consultation with the Healthcare and Public Health (HPH)
Sector Coordinating Council and Government Coordinating Council, along with input
from other sector members and the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Critical
Infrastructure Cyber Community. The goal of the guide is to help HPH Sector
organizations understand and use the HITRUST Risk Management Framework—
consisting of the HITRUST CSF, CSF Assurance Program, and supporting
methodologies—to implement the National Institute of Standards and Technology
Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity in the HPH Sector and
meet its objectives for critical infrastructure protection.
Kent, K. and Souppaya, M. (2006). Guide to Computer Security Log Management. (NIST SP
800-92). National Institute of Standards and Technology, U.S. Department of Commerce.
The authors emphasize the need for log management and provide guidelines that can help
healthcare facility cyber professionals establish related robust policies and procedures.
National Council of Information Sharing and Analysis Centers. (2016). Information Sharing and
Analysis Centers and Their Role in Critical Infrastructure Protection.
This factsheet provides an explanation of Information Sharing and Analysis Centers and
highlights recent accomplishments.
National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2014). Framework for Improving Critical
Infrastructure Cybersecurity. (V. 1.0).
This document provides a detailed framework to protect critical infrastructure and a set of
activities to achieve specific cybersecurity outcomes. The Core Functions include:
Identify, Protect, Detect, Respond, and Recover, and Section 3 of the guide includes
examples of how the framework can be employed when creating a cybersecurity
program.
17. 16
* National Institute of Standards and Technology. (2015). National Cybersecurity Workforce
Framework.
The National Cybersecurity Workforce Framework was developed to provide employers,
staff, training providers, and participants with a common set of skills and tasks (based on
common language) to define and perform cybersecurity work. This webpage includes
links to various framework materials which feature with tasks and skills tied to job
categories.
U.S. Department of Energy. (2014.). Cybersecurity Capability Maturity Model (C2M2) Program
(Webpage).
This model program is a result of a public-private partnership established to improve
electricity subsector cybersecurity capabilities, and to examine and better understand the
cybersecurity posture of the grid. Links to related resources are also provided on this
webpage.
* U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. (2016). HIPAA
Security Rule Crosswalk to NIST Cybersecurity Framework.
This document maps paths between two seminal healthcare cybersecurity documents. It
can help healthcare planners use the Cybersecurity Framework as a “common language”
and identify gaps to boost compliance with the Security Rule.
* U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights and Office of the
National Coordinator for Health Information Technology. (2015). Security Risk
Assessment (SRA) Tool.
The Security Risk Assessment tool was designed to help guide healthcare providers in
small to medium-sized offices conduct risk assessments of their organizations’ HIPPA
compliance. This webpage contains a user guide and tutorial video. Users can download
the 156 question app to their computers or iPads.
U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (n.d.). Cyber Resilience Review & Cyber Security
Evaluation Tool. (Accessed 6/10/2016.)
This factsheet explains the (free) cyber resilience review process and lists benefits and
variables measured. It also explains the cyber security evaluation tool and its benefits.
Important links for getting started and requesting reviews are also included.
18. 17
Ransomware Resources
Callahan, M. (2016). What Hospitals Need to Know about Ransomware. American Hospital
Association.
The author provides a brief introduction and overview of ransomware, how it can be used
to infect mobile and desktop devices, and the importance of security and regularly
backing up patient and facility data.
Shaghaghi, S. and Pilch, P. (2016). HIT Think Ransomware: What Providers Should do now.
Health Data Management. (Registration required to access entire article.)
The authors discuss steps facilities can take to prevent and mitigate the effects of a
ransomware attack.
Shaghaghi, S. and Pilch, P. (2016). Preparing For and Responding To Hospital Ransomware
Attacks. BDO.
The authors illustrate the actual and projected rise of ransomware attacks on all
industries, and share related preparedness and response strategies for healthcare facilities.
U.S. Department of Homeland Security. (2016). HSIN-HPH Bulletin: Ransomware (Locky
Variant). (Subscription required.)
This bulletin includes an overview of Locky ransomware, how it has traditionally been
delivered, and mitigation steps for healthcare facilities.
United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team. (2016). Ransomware and Recent Variants.
U.S. Department of Homeland Security.
This factsheet provides an overview of ransomware and shares how the variants Locky
and Samas were recently used to compromise healthcare networks.
Risk and Threat
Anti-Phishing Work Group. (2016). APWG.
The Anti-Phishing Working Group (AFWG) is a coalition whose goal is to unify “the
global response to cybercrime across industry, government, and law enforcement sectors
and NGO communities.” Their website includes links to helpful resources, reporting
mechanisms, programming options, and the like.
Financial Services Sector Coordinating Council. (2015). Automated Cybersecurity Assessment
Tool. (Located at the bottom of the page.)
19. 18
This tool—available in Excel—can help healthcare institutions identify their risks, assess
their cybersecurity preparedness, and inform related risk management plans and
strategies.
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. (2015). 2015 HIMSS Cybersecurity
Survey. (Executive summary only.)
Nearly 300 individuals from the healthcare field completed this cybersecurity survey, and
87% indicated that information security had gained ground as a business priority over the
past year. Sixty-four percent of respondents reported incidents committed by external
actors (e.g., hackers or scam artists). Approximately 20% of these events led to the loss
of patient, financial, or operational data.
Healthcare IT News. (2015). Infographic: Greatest Areas of Improvement in Cybersecurity.
This infographic—based on findings from the 2015 Healthcare Information and
Management Systems Society survey—shows that survey respondents chose
cybersecurity and network security as the two areas that have seen the greatest amount of
improvement.
Healthcare IT News. (2015). Infographic: Top 10 Cybersecurity Threats of the Future.
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society survey respondents listed ten
cybersecurity threats they will be challenged by in the future. Some of these threats
include: phishing attacks, known software vulnerabilities, denial of service attacks, and
negligent insiders.
InfraGuard. (n.d.). InfraGuard: Partnership for Prevention. (Accessed 6/15/2016.)
InfraGard is a partnership between the private sector and the Federal Bureau of
Investigation, and includes members from businesses, academic institutions, state and
local law enforcement agencies, and other participants who represent 16 critical
infrastructures (including emergency services and healthcare and public health).
Interested parties can apply to join online, and the open-access part of the webpage
includes links to state and local chapters and a calendar of events.
Internet Storm Center. (2016). Internet Storm Center (ISC).
This volunteer-run webpage was created in 2001 and features free warning and analysis
to Internet users while working closely with Internet service providers to combat
cyberattacks. The webpage features daily “Stormcasts” and links to articles, patches,
podcasts, tools, and other helpful information.
20. 19
Ipswitch. (2016). Sponsored: Report Reveals Only 30 percent of Healthcare IT Teams are
Restricting Insecure Cloud File Sharing. Healthcare IT News.
In a vendor-sponsored survey, 38% of healthcare information technology respondents
indicated that they use cloud file sharing services (for patient records and medical data).
Just 40% of U.S. respondents (and 20% of European respondents) reported having related
restrictive policies.
McCann, E. (2012). Healthcare Data Breaches on the Rise, with Potential $7B Price Tag.
Healthcare IT News.
According to the author, the third annual “Benchmark Study on Patient Privacy and Data
Security" found that 94 % of hospitals reported experiencing data breaches over the past
two years (involving medical files, billing, and insurance records). Many breaches are a
result of preventable incidents (e.g., loss of equipment, employee errors). The associated
cost to healthcare facilities is staggering.
Siwicki, B. (2016). Ponemon: 89 Percent of Healthcare Entities Experienced Data Breaches.
Healthcare IT News.
Findings from the Sixth Annual Benchmark Study on Privacy and Security of Healthcare
Data highlighted that, so far in 2016, half of data breaches in healthcare are due to
criminal activity. The other half are due to mistakes.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. (n.d.). OCR Cyber
Awareness Newsletters. (Accessed 6/10/2016.)
The Office for Civil Rights issues periodic newsletters share knowledge about the various
security threats and vulnerabilities that currently exist in the healthcare sector, helping
stakeholders understand what security measures can be taken to decrease the possibility
of being exposed by these threats, and how to reduce breaches of electronic protected
health information.
Zetter, K. (2016). Why Hospitals are the Perfect Targets for Ransomware. Wired.
According to the author, hospitals make “good” targets because delays in paying ransom
could result in the death of a patient or lawsuit. Lack of staff training on cybersecurity
awareness was another reason experts listed.
21. 20
Agencies and Organizations
Note: The agencies and organizations listed in this section have a page, program, or specific
research dedicated to this topic area.
Anti-Phishing Work Group.
Federal Bureau of Investigation. Cyber Crime.
Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams.
Health Information Trust Alliance.
Healthcare Information and Management Systems Society. HIMSS Healthcare Cybersecurity
Environmental Scan Reports.
HealthcareITNews. Privacy and Security.
InfraGuard.
Internet Storm Center.
National Cybersecurity and Communications Integration Center.
National Health Information Sharing and Analysis Center.
National Healthcare & Public Health Critical Infrastructure Protection.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. Office for Civil Rights.
U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights. HIPAA for
Professionals.
U.S. Department of Homeland Security. United States Computer Emergency Response Team.
This ASPR TRACIE Topic Collection was comprehensively reviewed in May 2016 by the
following subject matter experts (listed in alphabetical order):
Bryan Cline, Ph.D., Vice President, Standards & Analytics, Health Information Trust Alliance;
Scott Cormier, Vice President, Emergency Management, EC, and Safety, Medxcel; Steve
Curren, MSFS, Director, Division of Resilience, Office of Emergency Management, HHS ASPR;
Andrea Geiger, Health Information Privacy and Security Specialist, U.S. Department of Health
and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights; John Hick, MD, HHS ASPR and Hennepin County
22. 21
Medical Center; Iliana Peters, Senior Health Information Privacy Specialist, U.S. Department
of Health and Human Services, Office for Civil Rights; Patrick Pilch, CPA, MBA, Managing
Director and National Healthcare Advisory Leader, BDO; Shahryar Shaghaghi, MS,
Technology Advisory Services National Leader and Head of International Cybersecurity, BDO;
and Staff from the Office of Information Security, HHS.