The research objective: In modern conditions, one of the priorities of encouraging
investment is to increase the investment attractiveness of the regions and the country
as a whole. This, in turn, necessitates the identification of challenges and prospects for
investing in regions, as well as analyzing investment activities and, accordingly,
assessing the entities’ investment attractiveness.
The purpose of the study is to determine the level of investment attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (RS (Ya)) and identify the main directions for its
improvement.
Research method: Statistical and econometric methods for assessing investment
attractiveness based on the calculation of the integral index of investment
attractiveness.
Key findings: In the course of the study, strengths (resource potential) and
weaknesses (poor infrastructure), opportunities (development of other components of
the potential) and threats (economic mono-specialization) of investment attractiveness
of the RS (Ya) were identified based on the SWOT analysis to determine the main
directions for increasing the level of region’s investment attractiveness. The level of the
RS (Ya) investment attractiveness was also identified using the investment
attractiveness index calculated by the authors: the RS (Ya) occupies the second position
in terms of investment attractiveness among the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal
District (FEFD
SOCIAL INVESTMENT MODEL OF REGIONAL GOVERNANCE: DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR THE...IAEME Publication
The article discusses the current problems of formation and implementation of a
social investment model of regional governance in the Rostov Region representing the
South-Russian macro-region. Analyzing intra-management processes in the regional
governance system, the author notes that transition to the social investment model of
regional governance is delayed, since a replacement of management teams, enhanced
authority of the institution of the governor, and the middle position of the Rostov
Region in a regional status hierarchy have been hampering the social investment
model formation. It is also necessary to take into account the factor of intra-regional
competition and influence of the neighboring Krasnodar Territory on the regional
situation and relations with the federal center. In this context, the Rostov Region’s
position is less competitive; therein, formation of a social investment model of
regional governance is associated with “development plants” and with a reduction in
the gap between the regional center and its peripheral areas. According to the author,
the development prospects of the Rostov Region are determined by establishing
Shaanxi plays an important role as a new starting point for Silk Road Economic Belt. Based on the
data of joint annual inspection of foreign capital enterprises in Shaanxi province in 2015, 88 Silk Road
enterprises invested in Shaanxi Province were obtained. Starting from the basic situation of these enterprises,
analyzes the source of foreign investment and industry distribution, and the characteristics of Shaanxi foreigninvested enterprise based on input-output theory, input includes the scale and mode of investment, the
employment situation. Output includes revenue and profit, tax situation. And then calculating the score by factor
analysis of the enterprise's comprehensive performance. Through the analysis we found that enterprises invested
by Silk Road Economic Belt in Shaanxi are mostly from European countries, little investment from Asian
countries and no investment from the five Central Asian countries, comprehensive performance of EU countries
is better than that of the Asian countries, the overall profitability of Shaanxi foreign-invested enterprises from
Silk Road Economic Belt is not very ideal, mostly has a poor comprehensive management status.
According to the results of the Russian Finance Ministry assessment of the quality of
financial management of the managers of the federal budget, including process and
outcome indicators of financial activity as part of the state programs « Education
Development », « Science and Technology Development», the Ministry of Education and
Science of the Russian Federation in 2017 occupied the 26th place.
The relatively low financial and managerial statements of the Ministry of Education
and Science of the Russian Federation activity concerning government program funding
are caused by deficiencies in methods and tools for managing budget expenditures, and
it is proved by Russian Audit Chamber’s findings concerning the ineffectiveness of
financial expenditures in the «5-100» project.
In this way the relevance of the research theme is due to need for theoretical
development of the conceptual construct, modifying the model of organizational and
financial clearing for subsidizing government programs, adapting the algorithm for
applying social bonds to the education and science sectors of the Russian Federation,
justifying new methodological approaches and practical recommendations for developing
the system for financing government programs in the domain of education and science.
The Economic Research Institute was funded by Government of Kazakh SSR decree in May 1961 according to the state plan of Kazakh SSR. Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a sole shareholder.
The Institute has 7 research centers which major areas of research are: macroeconomic analysis and forecast, applied economical and mathematical research, economic research expertise, strategic elaboration and economic research, performance evaluation of public bodies’ activities, entrepreneurship development and regional policy.
This paper presents forecasts for the Financial Stress Index (FSI) and the Economic Sensitivity Index (ESI) for the period 2015-2015 for six countries in the region, namely the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. It is a continuation of the endeavor to construct synthetic indices measuring financial stress and economic sensitivity for twelve Central and East European countries using the Principal Component Analysis. In order to obtain forecasts of the FSI, we estimated Vector Autoregression (VAR) models on monthly data for the period 2001-2012 separately for all the countries. Using quarterly historical values of ESI and FSI, we estimated Dynamic Panel Data Model for the complete sample of countries. Parameters of the model were later used for forecasting the ESI. Obtained results suggest that the FSI will start to rise in 2014 in the Czech Republic, Lithuania, and Estonia. For Latvia and Hungary, we observed a conversion in the trend, i.e. at the beginning of 2015, when the index should start to fall. According to our forecasts, the ESI will be rising in the next two years, except for Hungary, where we predict a continuous decrease in economic sensitivity.
Authored by: Maciej Krzak and Grzegorz Poniatowski
Published in 2014
Monetary approach to balance of payment establishes a link between foreign reserve assets and money supply. This
link is important for managing balance of payment disequilibrium through adjustment of monetary aggregates. This
study relies on the (Polak, 1957;1997) monetary model with data from 2007:Q1 to 2018:Q4 to examine the link
between monetary factors and balance of payment in Nigeria. To circumvent simultaneity, the reduced form
coefficients of the structural form of the Polak model are estimated using Two Stage Least Squares (TSLS)
technique, while the structural parameters are recovered from the estimated reduced form coefficients. The results
are enriching and robust. The Johansen cointegration procedure suggests a long run relationship among the
macroeconomic variables in the balance of payment function. The estimated balance of payment model reveals that
domestic credit is statistically significant and negatively related to foreign reserve assets, imp lying that balance of
payment is a monetary phenomenon in Nigeria. The velocity of money circulation and the marginal propensity to
import are approximately 120 per cent and 14 per cent, respectively. The study therefore recommends that the
monetary authority should consider the use of domestic credit for management of balance of payment
disequilibrium. It is also pertinent to increase domestic credit to grow the economy since such action will marginally
decrease external reserve assets through increase in import, however, the net effect will enhance the overall
economy.
SOCIAL INVESTMENT MODEL OF REGIONAL GOVERNANCE: DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS FOR THE...IAEME Publication
The article discusses the current problems of formation and implementation of a
social investment model of regional governance in the Rostov Region representing the
South-Russian macro-region. Analyzing intra-management processes in the regional
governance system, the author notes that transition to the social investment model of
regional governance is delayed, since a replacement of management teams, enhanced
authority of the institution of the governor, and the middle position of the Rostov
Region in a regional status hierarchy have been hampering the social investment
model formation. It is also necessary to take into account the factor of intra-regional
competition and influence of the neighboring Krasnodar Territory on the regional
situation and relations with the federal center. In this context, the Rostov Region’s
position is less competitive; therein, formation of a social investment model of
regional governance is associated with “development plants” and with a reduction in
the gap between the regional center and its peripheral areas. According to the author,
the development prospects of the Rostov Region are determined by establishing
Shaanxi plays an important role as a new starting point for Silk Road Economic Belt. Based on the
data of joint annual inspection of foreign capital enterprises in Shaanxi province in 2015, 88 Silk Road
enterprises invested in Shaanxi Province were obtained. Starting from the basic situation of these enterprises,
analyzes the source of foreign investment and industry distribution, and the characteristics of Shaanxi foreigninvested enterprise based on input-output theory, input includes the scale and mode of investment, the
employment situation. Output includes revenue and profit, tax situation. And then calculating the score by factor
analysis of the enterprise's comprehensive performance. Through the analysis we found that enterprises invested
by Silk Road Economic Belt in Shaanxi are mostly from European countries, little investment from Asian
countries and no investment from the five Central Asian countries, comprehensive performance of EU countries
is better than that of the Asian countries, the overall profitability of Shaanxi foreign-invested enterprises from
Silk Road Economic Belt is not very ideal, mostly has a poor comprehensive management status.
According to the results of the Russian Finance Ministry assessment of the quality of
financial management of the managers of the federal budget, including process and
outcome indicators of financial activity as part of the state programs « Education
Development », « Science and Technology Development», the Ministry of Education and
Science of the Russian Federation in 2017 occupied the 26th place.
The relatively low financial and managerial statements of the Ministry of Education
and Science of the Russian Federation activity concerning government program funding
are caused by deficiencies in methods and tools for managing budget expenditures, and
it is proved by Russian Audit Chamber’s findings concerning the ineffectiveness of
financial expenditures in the «5-100» project.
In this way the relevance of the research theme is due to need for theoretical
development of the conceptual construct, modifying the model of organizational and
financial clearing for subsidizing government programs, adapting the algorithm for
applying social bonds to the education and science sectors of the Russian Federation,
justifying new methodological approaches and practical recommendations for developing
the system for financing government programs in the domain of education and science.
The Economic Research Institute was funded by Government of Kazakh SSR decree in May 1961 according to the state plan of Kazakh SSR. Ministry of Economic Development and Trade of the Republic of Kazakhstan is a sole shareholder.
The Institute has 7 research centers which major areas of research are: macroeconomic analysis and forecast, applied economical and mathematical research, economic research expertise, strategic elaboration and economic research, performance evaluation of public bodies’ activities, entrepreneurship development and regional policy.
This paper presents forecasts for the Financial Stress Index (FSI) and the Economic Sensitivity Index (ESI) for the period 2015-2015 for six countries in the region, namely the Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland. It is a continuation of the endeavor to construct synthetic indices measuring financial stress and economic sensitivity for twelve Central and East European countries using the Principal Component Analysis. In order to obtain forecasts of the FSI, we estimated Vector Autoregression (VAR) models on monthly data for the period 2001-2012 separately for all the countries. Using quarterly historical values of ESI and FSI, we estimated Dynamic Panel Data Model for the complete sample of countries. Parameters of the model were later used for forecasting the ESI. Obtained results suggest that the FSI will start to rise in 2014 in the Czech Republic, Lithuania, and Estonia. For Latvia and Hungary, we observed a conversion in the trend, i.e. at the beginning of 2015, when the index should start to fall. According to our forecasts, the ESI will be rising in the next two years, except for Hungary, where we predict a continuous decrease in economic sensitivity.
Authored by: Maciej Krzak and Grzegorz Poniatowski
Published in 2014
Monetary approach to balance of payment establishes a link between foreign reserve assets and money supply. This
link is important for managing balance of payment disequilibrium through adjustment of monetary aggregates. This
study relies on the (Polak, 1957;1997) monetary model with data from 2007:Q1 to 2018:Q4 to examine the link
between monetary factors and balance of payment in Nigeria. To circumvent simultaneity, the reduced form
coefficients of the structural form of the Polak model are estimated using Two Stage Least Squares (TSLS)
technique, while the structural parameters are recovered from the estimated reduced form coefficients. The results
are enriching and robust. The Johansen cointegration procedure suggests a long run relationship among the
macroeconomic variables in the balance of payment function. The estimated balance of payment model reveals that
domestic credit is statistically significant and negatively related to foreign reserve assets, imp lying that balance of
payment is a monetary phenomenon in Nigeria. The velocity of money circulation and the marginal propensity to
import are approximately 120 per cent and 14 per cent, respectively. The study therefore recommends that the
monetary authority should consider the use of domestic credit for management of balance of payment
disequilibrium. It is also pertinent to increase domestic credit to grow the economy since such action will marginally
decrease external reserve assets through increase in import, however, the net effect will enhance the overall
economy.
Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attractionSubmissionResearchpa
this fast-changing world, conflicts of interest and rivalry between countries are growing. In such a difficult international environment, it is important to keep our country competitive in the region and in the world by Bustonov Mansurjon Mardonakulovich and Abdurakhmanova Mukhtasar Fazliddin qizi 2020. Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attraction. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 6 (Jun. 2020), 19-25. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i6.395. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395/372 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395
7 Use the Johnson transformation method to Estimation the impact FDI on Econo...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
The relationship between investment and development of close relations in economic thought, foreign investment have been associated by the development of international trade, and helped to spread and increasing rates emergence transnational corporations National Furthermore mergers and acquisitions across borders, including the purchase of foreign investors Government Organizations that have been privatized, Has used the most of the world foreign capital to modernize and develop its production facilities and other components of the national economy, and foreign investment played an important role in economic development projects for the host countries if they have done these countries to choose their projects and their foreign partners, Investing can close the gap of resources and capabilities that are not available in the receiving countries, The research problem in that Economics sectors be affected by a lot of factors that affect one way or another by and by certain of these factors is not economic, so there are major factors leading to development and growth to the desired goal final namely economic well-being and these important factors is foreign direct investment (FDI) The orientation of the plan drawn about the problems and economic critical points, it leads to the activation of the entire economy, The research aims to targets several of them process the data to make it distributed naturally using functions transfers Johnson three SL, SU, SB, as well as estimate the econometrics models represent the relationship between foreign direct investment as an independent variable economic indicators for Pakistan country
With the increase in China’s opening up to the outside world, the implementation of China’s “One Belt, One Road” strategy has become more in-depth, and foreign-invested enterprises have an indispensable role in China’s economic growth. As the starting point of the Silk Road, with its unique geographical location and important strategic position, Shaanxi will link Shaanxi with the regional enterprises in the Belt and Road, which will improve the utilization rate of foreign capital in Shaanxi Province in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative. The cooperation of countries along the way has important and realistic significance. Based on the data of foreign-invested enterprises in Shaanxi Province in 2017, this paper analyzes the business characteristics and business performance of the regional enterprises in the Belt and Road in Shaanxi. Finally, draw the conclusion of this paper and give the corresponding policy recommendations.
Zemtsov. ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION (EGP) AS A FACTOR OF REGIONAL DEVELOP...Stepan Zemtsov
The purpose of the research was to formalize the EGP category and assess the benefits (potential) of economic-geographical position in its relation to regional development in Russia in 1998-2012
The aim of the paper is to analyze theoretically and empirically the likely impact of the reduction in exchange rate uncertainty, due to the EMU accession, on the intensity of FDI inflow into candidate countries. Theoretical models give an ambiguous picture of how exchange rate uncertainty and volatility affect direction and magnitude of FDI inflows. The main contribution of this paper is in finding that exchange rate uncertainty and volatility may negatively influence the decision to locate investment in transition and accession countries. Nominal exchange rate uncertainty seems to particularly hamper FDI inflows in accession countries. The key finding of this paper is that euro adoption is likely to exert a positive influence on FDI inflows in accession countries.
Authored by: Michal Brzozowski
Published in 2003
Problems of the Tourist Services Quality and its Influence on the Formation o...YogeshIJTSRD
The paper is devoted to the analysis, assessment, as well as the system of formation of the quality of tourist services. The issue of the tourist products quality has always been relevant, however, due to the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, the tourism industry has become one of the most affected sectors in the economy of many countries, that is why the issue of the tourism products quality is a first level task for its manufacturers. The problems of reforming the tourism sector in the context of the services quality provided can be resolved in many directions. Each stage in the development of the tourism industry is determined by trends in the socio economic development of the country, new conditions and opportunities needs appear. The criteria for the quality of travel services are changing, the problem of managing the quality of travel services is becoming more acute, and again there is a need to research and solve this problem. The presented information is associated with the efficiency of tourism organization, through the division of the tourism services quality into segments. In conclusion, the principles of the quality assessment system for tourism enterprises are presented. Susanna S. Alieva "Problems of the Tourist Services Quality and its Influence on the Formation of Financial Resources" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38700.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/38700/problems-of-the-tourist-services-quality-and-its-influence-on-the-formation-of-financial-resources/susanna-s-alieva
Zemtsov. REGIONAL FACTORS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIAStepan Zemtsov
The purpose of the research was to identify regional factors of entrepreneurial activity in Russia in 1998-2014 and its relationship with regional development
KazNex Invest, Kazakhstan foreign investment attraction agency, has published a 2016 Investor Guide. Investors will find actionable information about incentives, tax regimes, special economic zones, priority sectors and regional government.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Economic Openness and Economic...Editor IJCATR
Economic openness is the measure of economic activity in the country comprehensive index. How is economic openness indicator measured? Chinese economy has experienced rapid growth for more many years, what is on earth the effect of economic opening on Chinese economic growth? The answer to this question will provide instructive revelation about the selection of Chinese reasonable opening policy. Economic openness is measured by trade openness, foreign investment openness and financial openness in this paper. Based on Solow economic growth model and beginning with foreign trade, foreign investment and financial development, this paper made regression analysis using Chinese data from 1985 to 2004. The empirical analysis indicates that the domestic capital input is still the primary element that promotes Chinese economic growth, by contrast, the effect of foreign trade and foreign investment on Chinese economic growth is faint. Again, financial development on the impetus of economic growth in China has a room to rise.
A new era is about to start in Kazakhstan. Faced with external economic pressures and reduced oil revenues, the country’s leadership has launched two major initiatives designed to stimulate the economy – Plan for a Nation and Bright Path. Invest in Kazakhstan 2016 drills under the surface of the reforms to find out what opportunities they present for investors.
Путеводитель инвестора. Челябинская областьPwC Russia
Данный путеводитель поможет потенциальным инвесторам оценить разнообразные возможности, которые предлагает данный регион. Стабильная социальная и экономическая обстановка в регионе способствует быстрому росту экономики.
In light of ongoing negotiations between the Lao People’s Democratic Republic’s (Lao PDR) government and the Chinese People’s Republic (PR China) provincial authorities of Yunnan to set-up a cross-border economic zone (CBEZ), which is supposed to connect Boten, Luangnamtha province (Lao PDR) and Mohan, Yunnan province (PR China), GIZ Regional Economic Cooperation and Integration in Asia (RCI) Programme in cooperation with the Secretariat to the Lao National Committee for Special Economic Zones (S-NCSEZ) conducted several joint activities on the topic of “Cross-border Economic Zones/Clusters” in July and September 2013.
Definition of investment strategy for sustainable development of regional eco...SubmissionResearchpa
This article is discussed that the theoretical foundations of determining the investment strategy for sustainable development of the region’s economy, as well as the current situation, analysis and future plans. by Rakhimberdiev Oybek Alisher ugli 2020. Definition of investment strategy for sustainable development of regional economies. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 4 (Mar. 2020), 108-115. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i4.241. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/241/234 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/241
The implementation of the Russian Federation state policy covering the national,
regional and local levels, is designed for socio-economic impact through state
programs of the Russian Federation.
The message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly
of March 1, 2018 states that the development of Russia and long-term growth can
provide priority projects “in spatial development, investments in infrastructure,
education, health care and the environment, new technologies and science, economic
support measures, promotion of talents, youth”, as part of government programs
aimed at financial support of a new quality of life and innovative development,
modernization of the economy.
Achievement of the set strategic targets is possible due to the increase in the
effectiveness of public spending by adopting organizational, financial and methodical
measures to improve the system of financing state programs, including by
encouraging the attraction of private investment in government projects
Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attractionSubmissionResearchpa
this fast-changing world, conflicts of interest and rivalry between countries are growing. In such a difficult international environment, it is important to keep our country competitive in the region and in the world by Bustonov Mansurjon Mardonakulovich and Abdurakhmanova Mukhtasar Fazliddin qizi 2020. Main directions of improvement of the process of investment attraction. International Journal on Integrated Education. 3, 6 (Jun. 2020), 19-25. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v3i6.395. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395/372 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/395
7 Use the Johnson transformation method to Estimation the impact FDI on Econo...INFOGAIN PUBLICATION
The relationship between investment and development of close relations in economic thought, foreign investment have been associated by the development of international trade, and helped to spread and increasing rates emergence transnational corporations National Furthermore mergers and acquisitions across borders, including the purchase of foreign investors Government Organizations that have been privatized, Has used the most of the world foreign capital to modernize and develop its production facilities and other components of the national economy, and foreign investment played an important role in economic development projects for the host countries if they have done these countries to choose their projects and their foreign partners, Investing can close the gap of resources and capabilities that are not available in the receiving countries, The research problem in that Economics sectors be affected by a lot of factors that affect one way or another by and by certain of these factors is not economic, so there are major factors leading to development and growth to the desired goal final namely economic well-being and these important factors is foreign direct investment (FDI) The orientation of the plan drawn about the problems and economic critical points, it leads to the activation of the entire economy, The research aims to targets several of them process the data to make it distributed naturally using functions transfers Johnson three SL, SU, SB, as well as estimate the econometrics models represent the relationship between foreign direct investment as an independent variable economic indicators for Pakistan country
With the increase in China’s opening up to the outside world, the implementation of China’s “One Belt, One Road” strategy has become more in-depth, and foreign-invested enterprises have an indispensable role in China’s economic growth. As the starting point of the Silk Road, with its unique geographical location and important strategic position, Shaanxi will link Shaanxi with the regional enterprises in the Belt and Road, which will improve the utilization rate of foreign capital in Shaanxi Province in the context of the Belt and Road Initiative. The cooperation of countries along the way has important and realistic significance. Based on the data of foreign-invested enterprises in Shaanxi Province in 2017, this paper analyzes the business characteristics and business performance of the regional enterprises in the Belt and Road in Shaanxi. Finally, draw the conclusion of this paper and give the corresponding policy recommendations.
Zemtsov. ECONOMIC-GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION (EGP) AS A FACTOR OF REGIONAL DEVELOP...Stepan Zemtsov
The purpose of the research was to formalize the EGP category and assess the benefits (potential) of economic-geographical position in its relation to regional development in Russia in 1998-2012
The aim of the paper is to analyze theoretically and empirically the likely impact of the reduction in exchange rate uncertainty, due to the EMU accession, on the intensity of FDI inflow into candidate countries. Theoretical models give an ambiguous picture of how exchange rate uncertainty and volatility affect direction and magnitude of FDI inflows. The main contribution of this paper is in finding that exchange rate uncertainty and volatility may negatively influence the decision to locate investment in transition and accession countries. Nominal exchange rate uncertainty seems to particularly hamper FDI inflows in accession countries. The key finding of this paper is that euro adoption is likely to exert a positive influence on FDI inflows in accession countries.
Authored by: Michal Brzozowski
Published in 2003
Problems of the Tourist Services Quality and its Influence on the Formation o...YogeshIJTSRD
The paper is devoted to the analysis, assessment, as well as the system of formation of the quality of tourist services. The issue of the tourist products quality has always been relevant, however, due to the spread of the coronavirus pandemic, the tourism industry has become one of the most affected sectors in the economy of many countries, that is why the issue of the tourism products quality is a first level task for its manufacturers. The problems of reforming the tourism sector in the context of the services quality provided can be resolved in many directions. Each stage in the development of the tourism industry is determined by trends in the socio economic development of the country, new conditions and opportunities needs appear. The criteria for the quality of travel services are changing, the problem of managing the quality of travel services is becoming more acute, and again there is a need to research and solve this problem. The presented information is associated with the efficiency of tourism organization, through the division of the tourism services quality into segments. In conclusion, the principles of the quality assessment system for tourism enterprises are presented. Susanna S. Alieva "Problems of the Tourist Services Quality and its Influence on the Formation of Financial Resources" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-3 , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38700.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/38700/problems-of-the-tourist-services-quality-and-its-influence-on-the-formation-of-financial-resources/susanna-s-alieva
Zemtsov. REGIONAL FACTORS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL ACTIVITY IN RUSSIAStepan Zemtsov
The purpose of the research was to identify regional factors of entrepreneurial activity in Russia in 1998-2014 and its relationship with regional development
KazNex Invest, Kazakhstan foreign investment attraction agency, has published a 2016 Investor Guide. Investors will find actionable information about incentives, tax regimes, special economic zones, priority sectors and regional government.
An Empirical Study on the Relationship between Economic Openness and Economic...Editor IJCATR
Economic openness is the measure of economic activity in the country comprehensive index. How is economic openness indicator measured? Chinese economy has experienced rapid growth for more many years, what is on earth the effect of economic opening on Chinese economic growth? The answer to this question will provide instructive revelation about the selection of Chinese reasonable opening policy. Economic openness is measured by trade openness, foreign investment openness and financial openness in this paper. Based on Solow economic growth model and beginning with foreign trade, foreign investment and financial development, this paper made regression analysis using Chinese data from 1985 to 2004. The empirical analysis indicates that the domestic capital input is still the primary element that promotes Chinese economic growth, by contrast, the effect of foreign trade and foreign investment on Chinese economic growth is faint. Again, financial development on the impetus of economic growth in China has a room to rise.
A new era is about to start in Kazakhstan. Faced with external economic pressures and reduced oil revenues, the country’s leadership has launched two major initiatives designed to stimulate the economy – Plan for a Nation and Bright Path. Invest in Kazakhstan 2016 drills under the surface of the reforms to find out what opportunities they present for investors.
Путеводитель инвестора. Челябинская областьPwC Russia
Данный путеводитель поможет потенциальным инвесторам оценить разнообразные возможности, которые предлагает данный регион. Стабильная социальная и экономическая обстановка в регионе способствует быстрому росту экономики.
In light of ongoing negotiations between the Lao People’s Democratic Republic’s (Lao PDR) government and the Chinese People’s Republic (PR China) provincial authorities of Yunnan to set-up a cross-border economic zone (CBEZ), which is supposed to connect Boten, Luangnamtha province (Lao PDR) and Mohan, Yunnan province (PR China), GIZ Regional Economic Cooperation and Integration in Asia (RCI) Programme in cooperation with the Secretariat to the Lao National Committee for Special Economic Zones (S-NCSEZ) conducted several joint activities on the topic of “Cross-border Economic Zones/Clusters” in July and September 2013.
Definition of investment strategy for sustainable development of regional eco...SubmissionResearchpa
This article is discussed that the theoretical foundations of determining the investment strategy for sustainable development of the region’s economy, as well as the current situation, analysis and future plans. by Rakhimberdiev Oybek Alisher ugli 2020. Definition of investment strategy for sustainable development of regional economies. International Journal on Integrated Education. 2, 4 (Mar. 2020), 108-115. DOI:https://doi.org/10.31149/ijie.v2i4.241. https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/241/234 https://journals.researchparks.org/index.php/IJIE/article/view/241
The implementation of the Russian Federation state policy covering the national,
regional and local levels, is designed for socio-economic impact through state
programs of the Russian Federation.
The message of the President of the Russian Federation to the Federal Assembly
of March 1, 2018 states that the development of Russia and long-term growth can
provide priority projects “in spatial development, investments in infrastructure,
education, health care and the environment, new technologies and science, economic
support measures, promotion of talents, youth”, as part of government programs
aimed at financial support of a new quality of life and innovative development,
modernization of the economy.
Achievement of the set strategic targets is possible due to the increase in the
effectiveness of public spending by adopting organizational, financial and methodical
measures to improve the system of financing state programs, including by
encouraging the attraction of private investment in government projects
RATIONALIZING THE PROCESSES OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT IN A NORTHERN OIL A...IAEME Publication
This paper proposes a set of measures to rationalize socio-economic development in a northern oil producing region. According to ‘The Forecast for Long-Term Socio-Economic Development in the Russian Federation for the Period through to 2030’, the economy’s transition to the innovation-driven stage will be based on the execution of a set of activities aimed at putting in place an efficient system of management of economic development in constituent regions of the Russian Federation
STRATEGIES FOR THE INSTITUTIONALIZATION OF INNOVATION PRACTICES IN RUSSIAN RE...IAEME Publication
The methodology of managing the social/economic sphere in a region incorporates both general foundations and particular specific prospects for fostering innovation. The innovation trajectory in present-day Russia is aimed at enhancing quality and improving productivity, expanding the markets, boosting the population’s well-being, and opening up new vistas of opportunity. Innovation plays a key role in resolving many regional issues that, above all, are associated with social/economic life in society. Today, a major factor in fostering human capital and speeding up the pace of innovation-driven development is the use of new technology, which is crucial to creating a successful system of interaction between the government, the business sector, industry, and the scientific/technical sector. But innovation is hardly possible without employing foresight, analysis, and forecasting, as the nature of social/economic development in any region may undergo changes over time based on a focus on cultivating innovation potential. This paper examines the current situation in Volgograd Oblast with a view to bringing forward a set of recommendations on resolving the region’s existing problems.
ImportanceUnder the global economic crisis, instability of global financial and commodity markets and increased competition for investment resources, the rational allocation and efficient use of investment, particularly in the development of industries, are of great significance. Object. Due to the crisis phenomena in the world economy, instability of the world financial and commodity markets, rational distribution and efficient use of investments, especially in the development of industries, are becoming increasingly important.
The development and operation of regional systems cannot be carried out solely on
the basis of market self-regulation. The policy of state non-interference leads to the
growth of various kinds of contradictions and asymmetries that can destroy the integrity
of the national economy and regional systems, so taking care of the balanced
development of the national economy and regional economic systems is an
indispensable function of the state, a guarantee of its development and selfpreservation.
This is reflected in the existence of program-target methods of managing
the socio-economic development of regions.
The Impact of Economic Relations between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the A...YogeshIJTSRD
This article describes the cooperation of Uzbekistan with the Asian Development Bank, its main directions, goals and practical implementation of projects accomplished and being accomplished over the years. Otajonova Charoskhon "The Impact of Economic Relations between the Republic of Uzbekistan and the Asian Development Bank on the Economy of Uzbekistan" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Innovative Development of Modern Research , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd40074.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/economics/financial-economics/40074/the-impact-of-economic-relations-between-the-republic-of-uzbekistan-and-the-asian-development-bank-on-the-economy-of-uzbekistan/otajonova-charoskhon
Mechanisms for Financing Investment Projects through Commercial Bank LoansYogeshIJTSRD
The article analyzes the role of commercial banks in financing investment projects. The experience of developed foreign countries in financing investment projects is studied. The activities of commercial banks for lending to investment projects were studied and suggestions were made for their improvement. Norov Akmal Ruzimamatovich | Mirzayev Azamat Abdujalilovich | Haydarov O’ral Axmadovich | Qahorov Bobur Baxtiyorovich | Nurmuxammedov Abdijabbar Yunusovich "Mechanisms for Financing Investment Projects through Commercial Bank Loans" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Special Issue | Innovative Development of Modern Research , April 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd41106.pdf Paper URL : https://www.ijtsrd.com/management/accounting-and-finance/41106/mechanisms-for-financing-investment-projects-through-commercial-bank-loans/norov-akmal-ruzimamatovich
Sustainable development of the regions is presently an often discussed theme, mainly due to the worldwide situation. The goal of the contribution is therefore to find regions in Slovakia and Ukraine that have the possibility to have mutually advantageous ways of cooperation. The selection of the regions results from the comparison of European Union (EU) Member State’s situations and not EU Member State situations. The situation in the regions is compared according to the regional gross domestic product per capita, the unemployment rate in the region and the average monthly wage of employees in the regions. The results of the contribution show possible cooperation of the analyzed regions in business, mainly in the area of industrial production, with unemployment decreasing. The use of the results is in the area of finding strategies for improvement and cooperation.
In Central Asian countries the macroeconomic situation characterized by low level of public
investment. Peculiarities of transition economies led to greater complexity of the investment processes and
strengthened the factors opposing to IFDI.
The problem of managing the R&D sector sustainability in Russia is of particular
relevance in terms of scaling external and internal challenges faced by the country. Such
challenges require an even greater intensification of the efforts to solve the problems
accumulated in Russian economy and innovation system and associated with the state
transition to new technological way. A key criterion of R&D sector competitive
sustainability is the creation of practice-oriented and relevant results of intellectual
activity. Correlation analysis of innovative activity indicators in developed countries over
the 2007-2015 revealed a pattern of two-fold excess of export licenses over the amount of
public investment in science. This dependence is crucial in the study of competitive
sustainability within R&D sector. The method of assessing the efficiency of public
spending on R&D, including an analysis of the dynamics of the growth rate of
performance indicators and their financing in case of R&D completed in the period is
proposed as the main management tool of R&D sector competitive sustainability.
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024)ClaraZara1
6th International Conference on Machine Learning & Applications (CMLA 2024) will provide an excellent international forum for sharing knowledge and results in theory, methodology and applications of on Machine Learning & Applications.
Forklift Classes Overview by Intella PartsIntella Parts
Discover the different forklift classes and their specific applications. Learn how to choose the right forklift for your needs to ensure safety, efficiency, and compliance in your operations.
For more technical information, visit our website https://intellaparts.com
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
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Student information management system project report ii.pdfKamal Acharya
Our project explains about the student management. This project mainly explains the various actions related to student details. This project shows some ease in adding, editing and deleting the student details. It also provides a less time consuming process for viewing, adding, editing and deleting the marks of the students.
Hybrid optimization of pumped hydro system and solar- Engr. Abdul-Azeez.pdffxintegritypublishin
Advancements in technology unveil a myriad of electrical and electronic breakthroughs geared towards efficiently harnessing limited resources to meet human energy demands. The optimization of hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems plays a pivotal role in utilizing natural resources effectively. This initiative not only benefits humanity but also fosters environmental sustainability. The study investigated the design optimization of these hybrid systems, focusing on understanding solar radiation patterns, identifying geographical influences on solar radiation, formulating a mathematical model for system optimization, and determining the optimal configuration of PV panels and pumped hydro storage. Through a comparative analysis approach and eight weeks of data collection, the study addressed key research questions related to solar radiation patterns and optimal system design. The findings highlighted regions with heightened solar radiation levels, showcasing substantial potential for power generation and emphasizing the system's efficiency. Optimizing system design significantly boosted power generation, promoted renewable energy utilization, and enhanced energy storage capacity. The study underscored the benefits of optimizing hybrid solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems for sustainable energy usage. Optimizing the design of solar PV panels and pumped hydro energy supply systems as examined across diverse climatic conditions in a developing country, not only enhances power generation but also improves the integration of renewable energy sources and boosts energy storage capacities, particularly beneficial for less economically prosperous regions. Additionally, the study provides valuable insights for advancing energy research in economically viable areas. Recommendations included conducting site-specific assessments, utilizing advanced modeling tools, implementing regular maintenance protocols, and enhancing communication among system components.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Hierarchical Digital Twin of a Naval Power SystemKerry Sado
A hierarchical digital twin of a Naval DC power system has been developed and experimentally verified. Similar to other state-of-the-art digital twins, this technology creates a digital replica of the physical system executed in real-time or faster, which can modify hardware controls. However, its advantage stems from distributing computational efforts by utilizing a hierarchical structure composed of lower-level digital twin blocks and a higher-level system digital twin. Each digital twin block is associated with a physical subsystem of the hardware and communicates with a singular system digital twin, which creates a system-level response. By extracting information from each level of the hierarchy, power system controls of the hardware were reconfigured autonomously. This hierarchical digital twin development offers several advantages over other digital twins, particularly in the field of naval power systems. The hierarchical structure allows for greater computational efficiency and scalability while the ability to autonomously reconfigure hardware controls offers increased flexibility and responsiveness. The hierarchical decomposition and models utilized were well aligned with the physical twin, as indicated by the maximum deviations between the developed digital twin hierarchy and the hardware.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
CW RADAR, FMCW RADAR, FMCW ALTIMETER, AND THEIR PARAMETERSveerababupersonal22
It consists of cw radar and fmcw radar ,range measurement,if amplifier and fmcw altimeterThe CW radar operates using continuous wave transmission, while the FMCW radar employs frequency-modulated continuous wave technology. Range measurement is a crucial aspect of radar systems, providing information about the distance to a target. The IF amplifier plays a key role in signal processing, amplifying intermediate frequency signals for further analysis. The FMCW altimeter utilizes frequency-modulated continuous wave technology to accurately measure altitude above a reference point.
2. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 2 editor@iaeme.com
ABSTRACT
The research objective: In modern conditions, one of the priorities of encouraging
investment is to increase the investment attractiveness of the regions and the country
as a whole. This, in turn, necessitates the identification of challenges and prospects for
investing in regions, as well as analyzing investment activities and, accordingly,
assessing the entities’ investment attractiveness.
The purpose of the study is to determine the level of investment attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) (RS (Ya)) and identify the main directions for its
improvement.
Research method: Statistical and econometric methods for assessing investment
attractiveness based on the calculation of the integral index of investment
attractiveness.
Key findings: In the course of the study, strengths (resource potential) and
weaknesses (poor infrastructure), opportunities (development of other components of
the potential) and threats (economic mono-specialization) of investment attractiveness
of the RS (Ya) were identified based on the SWOT analysis to determine the main
directions for increasing the level of region’s investment attractiveness. The level of the
RS (Ya) investment attractiveness was also identified using the investment
attractiveness index calculated by the authors: the RS (Ya) occupies the second position
in terms of investment attractiveness among the subjects of the Far Eastern Federal
District (FEFD).
Keywords Investment attractiveness of the regions, Republic of Sakha (Yakutia),
Resource potential, Infrastructure, Components of the potential, Economic mono-
specialization, Investment attractiveness index
Cite this Article: V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I.
Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R. Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin,
Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of
the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), International Journal of Civil Engineering and
Technology, 9(11), 2018, pp. 1–22
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=9&IType=11
1. INTRODUCTION
The Far East of Russia is a region with a vast territory and a powerful resource potential, but
at the same time, with extreme natural and climatic and socio-economic conditions. Due to
objective and subjective reasons, the resource potential is not used to the best advantage. In a
region with a population density of only 1 person per km. sq., with vast undeveloped territories
and resources, additional funds are required for development.
To ensure stable regional development, it is necessary to advance and implement a strategic
investment policy, i.e. evidenced-based and longstanding policy [21, 23]. In the Socio-
Economic Development Strategy of the Far East and the Baikal Region for the Period up to
2025, investments are one of the main instruments for achieving the strategic goal of the
document, which reads as follows – “the implementation of the geopolitical task of entrenching
the population in the Far East and the Baikal region due to the creation of a developed economy
and comfortable human environment in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation
located in this territory, as well as the achievement of the average Russian level of socio-
economic development” [1].
3. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 3 editor@iaeme.com
At present, the importance of investment has increased not only at the country level, but
also at the level of regions and economic entities. Owing to investments, there is an opportunity
to increase production, develop infrastructure, create new jobs and, thereby, improve the level
and quality of life of the population.
In modern conditions, one of the priorities of encouraging investment is to increase the
investment attractiveness of the regions and the country as a whole. This, in turn, necessitates
the identification of challenges and prospects for investing in the regions, as well as an analysis
of investment activity and, accordingly, an assessment of the subjects’ investment
attractiveness.
2. RESEARCH METHOD
The existence of various interpretations of investment attractiveness determines the existence
of a variety of methods for its evaluation. The most common form of assessment is the
calculation of the indicator on the basis of certain quantitative and qualitative characteristics of
the region under study.
There are two methods for calculating the indicator:
1. calculation of the integral index – one integral indicator calculated on the basis of
indicator-factors of investment attractiveness;
2. calculation of two independent values – investment potential and investment risk.
The level of investment attractiveness is determined by the ratio of the two
previously mentioned independent values. It is worth noting that with this method
it is impossible to make a ranking list with regions [5].
Ratings of investment attractiveness today are the most popular form of presenting the
results of assessing the RF regions’ investment attractiveness.
This study considered the most commonly used domestic techniques (Figure 1):
RAEX (Expert RA) methodology;
Methodology of the Agency for Strategic Initiatives (АSI);
National Rating Agency methodology (NRA).
Figure 1 Methods for assessing the investment attractiveness of regions in the Russian Federation
[12, 13, 15]
4. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 4 editor@iaeme.com
As a result of analyzing the methods of the three organizations (Expert-RA, NRA, ASI),
by certain comparative characteristics, the Expert-RA Rating Agency methodology was chosen
as the most suitable for assessing the region’s investment attractiveness – analyzing the level
of investment attractiveness by its components. In the course of the study, only Expert-RA
ratings are used as a benchmark rating for calculating the region’s investment attractiveness.
The methods of statistical and econometric analysis were used to analyze the main
indicators of investment activity.
3. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Analysis of the key indicators of investment activity in the Republic of Sakha
(Yakutia)
The socio-economic development of the region is impossible without efficient investment
activity. Conducting an effective policy to induce investment in the region’s economy, it is
necessary to perform continuous monitoring of investment activities, to identify its main trends,
challenges and promising ways of development of this economic sector.
The authorized executive body of the government in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in
the area of investment is the Ministry of Investment Development and Entrepreneurship of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). It carries out the functions of state regulation of investment
activities, the implementation of state innovation policy, state policy in the field of public-
private partnership, cluster policy, state policy in the field of small and medium-sized
businesses, the tourism industry, image policy in terms of promotion and implementation of
investment, innovation and tourism potential of Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The Ministry
was established in January 2017 [14].
To identify the major parameters of the investment activity of the region under study, an
analysis of indicators reflecting its effectiveness was carried out on the basis of statistical data
for 2005–2017 including:
amount of investment in fixed assets;
amount of investment in fixed assets per capita;
generic structure of investment in fixed assets;
investments in fixed assets by directions;
structure of investments in fixed assets by funding sources;
structure of investments in fixed assets by types of economic activities (TEA);
Distribution of investments in fixed capital by particular forms of ownership.
The first indicator in the analysis is the volume of investments in fixed capital, which
includes the cost of construction, reconstruction (comprising expansion and modernization) of
facilities, which leads to a growth in their initial cost and increases the helpful effect of use
(hereinafter construction), the acquisition of machinery, equipment, vehicles, industrial and
household equipment, accounting of which is carried out in the way prescribed for the
accounting of investments in long-term assets, the creation of a working, productive and
pedigree herd, planting and growing perennial crops, etc., investments in intellectual property:
software and databases, genuine works of entertaining genre, those related to literature and art,
research and development, creation and acquisition of inventions, utility models and industrial
designs, exploration of the subsoil and estimation of mineral reserves, including incurred
intangible exploration costs [19, 22, 24].
5. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 5 editor@iaeme.com
Figure 2 shows the dynamics of investments in fixed capital in monetary terms and the
share of investments in RS (Ya) in the total volume of investments in the FEFD.
Figure 2 Dynamics of amount and growth rate of fixed asset investment in the Sakha (Yakutia)
Republic in 2005-2017 [16, 17]
For the period under analysis, from 2005 to 2017, the dynamics of the volume of
investments in fixed assets represents a positive trend. There is a growth in the amount of
investments in fixed assets by RUB 335,875 mln. These changes are a positive factor, and
indicate the development of the investment market in the RS (Ya) for a given period of time,
which was largely facilitated by the investment policy pursued by the Government of the RS
(Ya). The decrease in the volume of investments was recorded in 2010, 2013 and 2014, and in
2010 there was a sharp decline in the indicator (by 62,155 million rubles, that is, by 32.26%).
The reasons for the decline in investment are related to the economic crisis in 2009.
Consider investment growth and growth rates (Table 1).
Table 1 Indicators of the dynamics of investment in fixed capital of RS (Ya) for 2005-2016 [16, 17]
No. Year Amount of fixed asset investment, mln RUB
Absolute growth, mln
RUB
Growth rate, %
chain basic chain basic
1 2005 48,978 - - - -
2 2006 56,619 7,641 7,641 115.60 115.60
3 2007 119,824 63,205 63,205 211.63 211.63
4 2008 156,954 37,130 100,335 130.99 277.21
5 2009 192,648 35,694 136,029 122.74 340.25
6 2010 130,493 -62,155 73,874 67.74 230.48
7 2011 190,409 59,916 133,790 145.92 336.30
8 2012 205,206 14,797 148,587 107.77 362.43
9 2013 193,947 -11,259 137,328 94.51 342.55
10 2014 181,172 -12,775 124,553 93.41 319.99
11 2015 198,032 16,860 141,413 109.31 349.76
12 2016 275,273 77,241 218,654 139.00 486.19
13 2017 384,853 109,580 335,875 139.81 785.77
6. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 6 editor@iaeme.com
Source: Calculated by the authors based on statistical data [16, 17]
Over twelve years, the volume of investment has increased almost by eight times.
Compared with the previous year under analysis – by 1.4 times. The average growth rate was
118%.
Below is the dynamics of the volume of investments in fixed capital per capita in the RS
(Ya) in 2005-2017.
Figure 3 Dynamics of the amount of fixed asset investments per capita in the RS (Y) in 2005-2017,
RUB [16, 17]
The population of the RS (Ya) during the analyzed period was in the range of 954.3-964.3
thousand people; there were no drastic changes. Therefore, the dynamics of investments per
capita is similar to the dynamics of investments of the entire region. In 2017, the volume of
investments per capita increased sharply and amounted to 399,088.8 rubles, which is 7.8 times
more than that in 2005. As compared to the previous year, the value increased by 39.4%, which
is also associated with the growth in the total investment.
Further, the position of the republic in the FEFD is considered. The volume of investments
by subjects of the FEFD is presented in Appendix A. The share of investments in RS (Ya) in
the total volume of investments in the economy of the Far East is calculated (Table 2).
Table 2 The share of RS (Ya) investments in the volume of investments in RS (Ya) fixed assets [16,
17]
Year
Amount of fixed asset investment
in FEFD, mln RUB
RS (Y) share in the amount of fixed asset
investment in RS (Y), %
2005 276,291 17.73
2006 330,824.75 17.11
2007 436,848.74 27.43
2008 584,745 26.84
2009 686,111 28.08
2010 787,699.45 16.57
2011 1,060,504.5 17.95
2012 971,352.97 21.13
2013 842,439.83 23.02
2014 810,553.66 22.35
2015 905,087.27 21.88
2016 1,000,775.99 27.54
2017 1,217,355.92 31.61
Source: Calculated by the author on the basis of statistical data [16, 17]
7. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 7 editor@iaeme.com
The dynamics of investment in the subjects of the FEFD has been growing since 2014. As
of 2017, the volume of investment in fixed assets amounted to 1,217 billion rubles, which is
7.6% in the total volume in RF.
The share of investments in RS (Ya) in the FEFD total volume by 2017 reached a maximum
value for the analyzed period – 31.61%, i.e. among 9 subjects of FEFD, one third of all funds
are invested in the economy of RS (Ya).
In 2010-2013 the share continued to grow, then a slight decrease was observed. The value
of the indicator is in the range from 16 to 32%. The minimum share was observed in 2010,
which coincided with a sharp decline in investment. As a result, there is a positive upward trend
in the share of RS (Ya).
Of particular importance in stimulating investment activity are the volumes of real
investment, which can be characterized by such an indicator as the share of investments in
fixed assets in the gross regional product (GRP). This indicator is an indicator reflecting the
economic efficiency. The calculated shares are presented in Table 3. This indicator is shown
for the period 2005-2016, due to the lack of data on GRP for 2017.
Table 3 Dynamics of the share of investments in fixed assets to GRP in RS (Y) in 2005-2016, %
Year 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016
Share 26.8 27.4 49.4 50.7 58.7 33.7 39.1 37.9 34.0 27.5 26.5 31.7
Source: Calculated by the authors on the basis of statistical data [16, 17]
For the analyzed period, the maximum value was reached in 2007 – the share was about a
half in the RS (Ya) GRP. In 2015, the share was one fifth in GRP – 26.5%.
Investments in fixed assets in 2016 account for about a third of the share in GRP. Within
the FEFD, RS (Ya) has the second result after the Amur Region, the share of which was 45.1%
in 2016.
The value for this indicator in the RS (Ya) is more than the average for Russia (investment
in Russia’s GDP accounts for only one-fifth, 20.8%). Thus, it can be argued that according to
this indicator, the economy of the republic is regarded as quite effective.
The next indicator for analyzing the investment activity in the RS (Ya) is the generic
structure of fixed asset investments (Figure 4). Data for 2017 are not available.
Figure 4 Generic structure of fixed asset investments in RS (Ya), 2005-2016 % [16, 17]
8. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 8 editor@iaeme.com
As Figure 4 shows, half and more of the investment is directed to buildings and facilities,
then about a third – to machinery, equipment and vehicles. Compared to 2005, the structure of
2016 has noticeably changed: the share of investments in buildings and facilities increased
from 46.7% to 66.2%, while the share in machinery and equipment decreased from 40.6 to
21.3%. The share of investments in dwellings also decreased and amounted to 7.6%, the share
of other investments in fixed assets doubled by 2016 during the last 12 years – 8.9%.
The structure of investments in three areas is further considered: construction,
modernization and reconstruction, the acquisition of new fixed assets. The data are presented
in Table 4 for the period 2012-2016.
Table 4 Activity-specific composition of investment in RS (Ya) in 2012-2016, %
Year
Construction
Modernization and
reconstruction
Acquisition of new fixed
assets
Buildings
and facilities
Machinery,
equipment,
vehicles
Buildings
and facilities
Machinery,
equipment,
vehicles
Buildings
and facilities
Machinery,
equipment,
vehicles
2012 78.7 13.0 63.4 32.3 16.0 79.8
2013 80.2 10.4 58.8 37.8 13.9 79.4
2014 81.8 7.0 68.5 23.1 20.7 74.1
2015 76.1 12.8 75.0 16.0 15.7 76.4
2016 75.9 8.3 76.1 17.3 19.4 64.1
Source: Calculated by the authors on the basis of statistical data [16, 17]
Each area is divided into buildings and facilities, machinery, equipment and vehicles. Over
five years, the structure has undergone changes, especially the differences are noticeable in the
area of “modernization and reconstruction”: if in 2012, machines and equipment accounted for
about a third of investments in modernization and reconstruction, then in 2016 the share
decreased to 17.3%, respectively, the share of investment in buildings and facilities increased
(76.1%).
As of 2016, a larger percentage of construction accounted for buildings and facilities
(75.9%). In the area of “modernization and reconstruction” a large share of investments is also
related to buildings and facilities. Consequently, the share of machinery and equipment prevails
in the area of “the acquisition of new fixed assets” – 64.1%.
The following analyzed structure of investments is by funding sources. Sources of
investment are divided into internal and external (including budget funds of the federal budget
and the regional budget). The structure in the form of a graph is shown in Figure 5.
Figure 5 Composition of investment by funding sources in RS (Ya) in 2012-2016, % [16, 17]
9. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 9 editor@iaeme.com
The above structure of investments shows an increase in the share of investments from
internal funds until 2012-2014, then an increase in external investments due to the growth in
the share of others (excluding budget funds). According to the data of 2016, the structure of
investments is as follows: for 44% of investments in RS (Ya), the source is legal entities’ own
funds, the remaining 56% are external investments. The share of funds raised from the budget
was 13% (this figure continues to decline over 5 years).
In Figures 6 and 7, we consider the structure of investments in fixed assets by types of
economic activity (TEA) in 2012 and 2016. For the convenience of displaying data, parts of
the TEA in which the share is a small percentage are included in one “miscellaneous” group
(agriculture, fishing, manufacturing, trade, and others).
Figure 6 The structure of investment in fixed assets by TEA in RS (Ya) in 2012 [16, 17]
In 2012, the largest share of investments in fixed assets in the structure accounted for the
mining operations (33%), further “electricity, gas and water production and distribution” takes
a quarter of investments, the share of TEA “transport and communications” is 22%, then “real
estate activities” account for 7% of investment. The group “miscellaneous” amounts to 11%.
Figure 7 The structure of investment in fixed assets by TEA in RS (Ya) in 2016 [16, 17]
10. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 10 editor@iaeme.com
As presented in the figures above, the structure has undergone some changes over 5 years.
The share of mining significantly increased. Thus, the share of investments in the production
and distribution of electricity, gas and water has decreased.
In 2016, in the total amount of investment in fixed assets of the RS (Ya), the largest share
is “mining” (51%), followed by “transport and communication” with a share of about a quarter
of investments (24%), “electricity, gas and water production and distribution” (8%), “real estate
activities” (6%).
Further, in Table 5, the distribution of investments in fixed capital by particular forms of
ownership is considered: Russian, foreign, joint Russian and foreign. The structure of Russian
investments, in turn, is divided into state, municipal, private and mixed Russian investments.
Таble 5 The structure of investment in fixed assets by particular forms of ownership in 2012 and
2016, % [16, 17]
Year Russian
including
Foreign
Joint
Russian and
foreign
governmental municipal private
Joint
venture
Russian
2012 94.0 16.5 4.7 42.3 30.4 1.3 4.7
2016 88.4 7.7 5.0 62.9 12.6 1.9 9.7
Most of the investments during two years are of Russian origin: 94% in 2012 and 88.4% in
2016. Foreign investments make up only about 2% of the total investment in the RS (Ya). Over
5 years, the share of joint investment increased: in 2012, joint Russian and foreign investments
amounted to 9.7%.
In terms of Russian investments, private investments prevail (62.9% in 2016). The share of
investments of mixed ownership decreased from 30.4% to 12.6%. Minor shares are of state and
municipal forms – 7.7% and 5%, respectively.
Thus, the analysis of investment activity of RS (Ya) is carried out on the basis of statistical
data related to seven indicators. The dynamics of investments in fixed assets has a positive
trend; by the end of 2016, the volume of investments amounted to 275.3 billion rubles. RS (Ya)
takes about a third – 28% in the structure of investments in FEFD.
Most of the funds are invested in the construction, modernization and reconstruction of
buildings and facilities, as well as the purchase of vehicles and equipment. According to the
financing sources, first of all, the external funds in the amount of 56% are invested (a small
share is connected with budget funds).
The analysis of the structure of investment in TEA over five years indicates a low
investment diversification. The share of investments in mining increased, in 2016 this share
was more than a half (51%). In the meantime, the share of investments in TEA “electricity, gas
and water production and distribution” is decreasing.
Thus, it can be assumed about the investment activity of the RS (Ya) at the level above the
average based on statistical data analysis.
Besides, within this part of the work, factors limiting the investment activities of RS (Ya)
organizations are highlighted.
For the subjects of the FEFD, investments can be one of the most important factors in
regional development. In turn, organizations operating in the core economic activities in the
region provide the basis for attracting and operating investments.
The enterprises’ investment activity determines the growth rate of production and
competitiveness in the long term [2]. It is necessary to consider not only the factors contributing
11. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 11 editor@iaeme.com
to the growth of investment attractiveness (i.e., factors of investment potential), but also factors
constraining investment activity.
The total volume of investments in fixed capital in the FEFD entities by the end of 2016
amounted to 985.2 billion rubles (11% increase compared to the previous year). More than a
half of the volume of investments accounted for buildings and facilities (58.6%), then 24.8%
of investments in machinery, equipment and vehicles, 8.2% – dwellings, 8.4% – other types of
fixed assets [4].
In 2016, in 85 RF subjects, the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation
(RF FSSS) conducted a sample survey of investment activity of organizations operating in the
following areas: “mining”, “manufacturing,” “electricity, gas and water production and
distribution”. The sample size equals to 23.7 thousand organizations. In the sectoral structure
of the GRP in the FEFD regions, the above-mentioned types of economic activity accounted
for 57.2% of all GRP in 2016, and in the structure of investments in fixed assets – more than a
half (59.1%) [4].
Table 6 presents the results of the survey conducted by the RF FSSS.
Table 6 Distribution of organizations by the assessment of factors limiting investment activity in
2016, % of the total number of organizations
Subjects
Insufficientdemand
forproducts
Lackofownfinancial
resources
Imperfectregulatory
framework
Acomplexmechanism
forobtainingloansfor
investmentprojects
implementation
Highinterestrateof
commercialloan
Investmentrisks
Existinginvestment
taxregime
Uncertaintyofthe
country'seconomic
situation
Far Eastern
Federal District
21 61 35 50 57 45 33 61
The Sakha
(Yakutia)
Republic
57 80 52 78 72 63 54 87
Kamchatka
Krai
5 71 25 30 30 38 17 71
Primorsky Krai 8 48 38 50 59 44 36 56
Khabarovsk
Krai
18 75 36 60 66 42 16 60
Amur Region 4 51 9 13 40 26 22 31
Magadan
Region
10 41 14 35 45 50 33 57
Sakhalin
Region
26 49 47 54 57 51 51 61
The Jewish
Autonomous
Region
4 36 8 7 26 53 26 9
Chukotka
Autonomous
Okrug
12 67 37 25 44 32 30 64
Source: Calculated by the authors on the basis of statistical data [18]
As part of a sample survey, factors were identified that limit the organizations’ investment
activities. The main factors constraining the growth of investment activity among the FEFD
12. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
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entities are the lack of own financial resources and the uncertainty of the economic situation in
the country; these reasons were chosen by 61% of the heads of organizations. Besides,
investment activity is limited by a high percentage of commercial loans (57%). The results of
the survey in the RS (Ya) are as follows: 87% of the heads of organizations state that the
limiting factor is the uncertainty of the economic situation, 80% – the lack of their own funds,
78% – a complicated mechanism for obtaining loans, 72% – a high percentage of commercial
loans.
Next, we consider the structure of investment volumes in FEFD subjects in Figure 8 by
sources of financing – internal (organization profit, reserve funds, contributions to the equity
capital, aimed at investing, etc.) and external funds (bank loans, funds from the federal, regional
and local budgets, foreign investment, etc.).
Figure 8 Distribution of investments in fixed capital by sources of funding in the FEFD, 2016, % [17]
Throughout FEFD, the structure of investments is as follows: 44.2% account for own funds,
the remaining 55.8% are external. In all the regions under consideration, the share of funds
raised is about a half and more. The minimum share of funds raised is observed in the
Kamchatka Krai – 44.1%. In the Magadan Region, the Jewish Autonomous Region, the
Chukotka Autonomous Region, the share of non-own funds makes up more than 70% of the
total investment.
In RS (Ya), the source of financing 55.8% of investments in fixed assets are external funds.
The ratio of internal and external funds in the volume of investments reflects a significant
predominance of external funds.
The results of a sample survey of the Russian Federation conducted by the FSSS and the
structure of investments in fixed capital by sources of financing indicate the importance of the
impact of the lack of own financial resources in organizations as a limiting factor.
In addition to the factors identified by the FSSS sample survey, the limiting factor can also
be attributed to the staff composition not always complying to organization’s requirements
(quantitative characteristics and personnel’s professional level), the absence or lack of
government support, and the lack of information in organizations [25]. These factors require
more in-depth analysis and other assessment methods.
The level of industrial organizations’ investment activity reflects the level of development
of the region to a certain extent. Organizations should follow an investment strategy related to
financial resources planning [3]. Thus, the assessment of investment activity should be based
not only on the investment potential, but also on the analysis of limiting factors. Knowledge of
13. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 13 editor@iaeme.com
the barriers to investment activity is significant for taking appropriate measures and developing
a sound investment policy for the organization, the region and the country as a whole.
3.1. Analysis of investment attractiveness of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
Investment attractiveness is analyzed through different approaches. The analysis can be carried
out as a statistical analysis of the main indicators, and investment attractiveness index
calculated by the authors on their own, etc. In this paper, the analysis is conducted on the basis
of the assessment of investment attractiveness, as well as the index of investment attractiveness
calculated by the authors.
The analysis of the investment attractiveness of RS (Ya) according to the results of the
research of the Rating Agency Expert-RA for 2012-2017 has been carried out. The results of
the evaluation of the investment attractiveness of the RF regions are annually presented in the
federal media and on the agency’s official website.
As was considered in the first part of this work, according to the agency’s methodology,
each subject of the Russian Federation is given a quantitative characteristic (how great the
potential is and to what extent the risk is high), on the basis of which each region is related to
a specific group (category) of investment attractiveness.
For the analyzed period, from 2012 to 2017, according to the results of the RS (Ya) rating,
it belongs to the category 3B1 – the group of “reduced potential-moderate risk”. The other
subjects of FEFD also belong to this category according to the Expert-RA rating.
For a detailed analysis the regions’ investment attractiveness according to Expert-RA data
for 2012-2017 are reviewed. Table 7 presents the results of the RS (Ya) ratings over the
analyzed period.
Table 7 RS (Ya) positions based on potential and risk in the ratings of the regional investment
attractiveness in the RF in 2012-2017.
Component of investment
attractiveness
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Potential
Position 19 19 21 20 20 20
Value, % 1.296 1.185 1.186 1.201 1.211 1.273
Risk
Position 48 51 56 55 49 54
Value 0.296 0.291 0.293 0.293 0.273 0.265
Source: Calculated by the authors on the basis of statistical data [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
Over the six years under analysis, RS (Ya) takes positions 19-21. By 2017, it shifted from
position 19 to 20. The value of the potential (the share in the nationwide potential) increased
significantly in 2017, there is a growth trend since 2013.
According to the risk rating, the RS (Ya) shifted to the 54th place, however, the value of
the weighted average risk index is decreasing.
Expert-RA reports also provide rankings for individual risk and potential components.
Further we consider their specification in order to find out exactly which potentials and risks
ensure an increase in the level of attractiveness, which, on the contrary, reduce.
The ranks of the investment potential components are presented in Table 8.
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Table 8 The ranks of the investment potential components RS (Ya) in 2012-2017.
Year
Potential
labor
consumer-
oriented
manufacturing
financial
institutional
innovative
infrastructural
natural-resource
tourist
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
2012 52 45 39 34 53 35 81 2 68
2013 53 48 38 33 52 47 81 2 68
2014 50 47 38 35 52 51 81 2 68
2015 54 45 35 36 53 46 83 2 69
2016 50 44 33 35 52 50 83 2 67
2017 55 42 32 25 54 53 83 2 68
Source: Calculated by the authors on the basis of statistical data [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
As for the natural resource potential, over all analyzed years the RS (Ya) occupies the
second position after the Krasnoyarsk Krai. As for the other potential components, it occupies
positions no higher than the 20s: according to the labor component it is the 55th position out
of 85 possible ones, as for the consumer component, it is 42 (the upward shift is observed),
according to the institutional one – 54.
According to the financial potential as of 2017, the RS (Ya) has risen from the 34th place
to the 25th place. The opposite picture is observed as for the innovative component of the
potential: the 53rd place in 2017 against the 35th position in 2012.
By the level of infrastructure potential, the RS (Ya) rating remains low: the 83rd rank
among 85 RF subjects. Thus, the RS (Ya) 20th rank in terms of investment potential is
supported by a high level of natural resource potential.
In terms of investment risk, the republic belongs to the “moderate risk” group. In 2017, RS
(Ya) was assigned the 54th rank. Below in Table 9 the investment risk components are
considered.
Table 9 Ranks of Investment Risk Components in RS (Y) in 2012-2017
Year
Risk
social economic financial criminal ecological managerial
1 2 3 4 5 6
2012 70 35 35 44 79 4
2013 72 34 41 3 80 12
2014 71 38 49 3 80 18
2015 74 32 44 3 82 17
2016 72 27 29 7 82 23
2017 73 24 30 6 82 37
Source: Calculated by the authors on the basis of statistical data [6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11]
The decrease in the risk ranking in 2017 is due to the advance in the performance of other
regions, since the value of investment risk is improving. Reducing the risks of economic (the
15. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
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24th position against the 27th in 2016) and criminal (advance by one position) components
could contribute to the improvement.
However, there is a significant deterioration in the position by the management risk
component (shift by 14 positions). As for the social and financial risk, there are no
improvements. Almost the last position is taken by RS (Ya) according to the environmental
risk – the 82nd one out of 85.
Thus, the region activities related to investment attractiveness is to reduce social, financial,
environmental and managerial risks. As for the investment potential, the level of potential (the
20th rank) is ensured to the greatest extent by the only capacity– the provision of the republic
with natural resources. To increase investment attractiveness, it is necessary to focus on
carrying out a range of activities and measures to improve positions related to the other
components of the potential, especially institutional, tourism and infrastructure ones.
3.2. SWOT-analysis of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) investment attractiveness
To develop measures for increasing the level of regional investment attractiveness, it is
necessary to conduct a preliminary analysis and assessment, where the current state of affairs
in the region will be considered, and for this reason, identify possible directions for its
development.
The geographical position of the RS (Ya) is considered, the main statistical indicators of
the investment attractiveness components are analyzed.
The RS (Ya), a RF subject, is located in the eastern part of the country, occupies 3,083,523
square km, which is 18% of the total Russian area. The structure of land area by type of land
is as follows: agricultural land – 0.5%, forest area – 53.5%, surface water and swamps – 10.7%.
The position of the republic also determines the presence of minerals. By the diversity and
volume of mineral deposits, the RS (Ya) territory is unique not only in Russia, but also
worldwide. Here are deposits of oil, gas, coal, ferrous and non-ferrous ores, precious metals
and diamonds. It is necessary to take into account, in comparison with other RF regions, in
Yakutia, the degree of exploration maturity is low, which indicates a significant potential for
identifying new mineral deposits.
The demographic situation in the republic is shown in Table 10.
Table 10 Demographic Situation in RS (Ya) in 2014-2018, persons.
Year
Population size on
January 31 of the
current year
Changes over the year
Total growth Natural change
Positive migration
balance
2014 954,803 2,093 8,801 -6,708
2015 956,896 2,793 8,180 -5,387
2016 959,689 3,146 7,299 -4,153
2017 962,835 1,495 6,144 -4,649
2018 964,330 - - -
Source: Calculated by the author on the basis of statistical data [16, 17]
In the region since 2014, a trend of population growth has been observed. In analyzing the
two components of the population change, it was found:
the mortality rate is below the birth rate in the republic, there is a natural increase
in the population;
16. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
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more people leave RS (Ya) rather than arrive here – it means the migration loss.
The value of the natural increase (despite the decline in the birth rate) in the population
determines the population growth in the RS (Ya). Besides, a positive trend in the population
size among FEFD subjects is observed only in the RS (Ya).
Further, the republic’s geographical position determines severe climatic conditions: there
is the Arctic belt climate in the north, in the center the climate is subarctic (continental), there
is the temperate zone (continental) climate in the south. The temperature amplitude is more
than 100 degrees Celsius: the maximum recorded temperature is +38.4 degrees, the minimum
is -64.4 degrees.
But at the same time, the RS (Ya) is at the other end of the capital of Russia, a low
population density, huge area, low proportion of road equipment – this clearly shows the
economic disadvantage of Yakutia.
As for the government efforts in the field of investment: the well-coordinated work of the
Ministry of Investment Development and Entrepreneurship of the RS (Ya) and its subordinate
organizations ensured the achievement of indicators of target business facilitation models and
increasing investment attractiveness – 94% (the average value in Russia is 92%).
Based on the analysis of the main indicators of investment activity in the republic and the
investment attractiveness components, a SWOT analysis of the RS (Ya) investment
attractiveness was conducted, highlighting the strengths and weaknesses of the region, as well
as opportunities and threats (Table 11).
Table 11 Matrix of SWOT-analysis of the RS (Ya) investment attractiveness
Strengths Weaknesses
High availability of natural resources
High growth rates of investments in fixed assets
Effectively functioning executive body (RS
(Ya) Ministry of Investment Development and
Entrepreneurship)
The existence of subordinate non-diversified
organizations
Favorable demographic situation in RS (Ya)
Extreme climatic conditions
Economically disadvantageous situation of the
region and the capital of the republic
Underdeveloped engineering and municipal
infrastructure
The complicated situation with transport
infrastructure (low density of highway routes,
isolation from the unified transport network of
the Russian Federation, seasonal functioning of
roads, high transport costs)
High dependence of the republican budget on
federal transfers
Lack of regional investment legislation
Underdeveloped tourist complex
Opportunities Threats
Asian World Economic Centers
Economic diversification in RS (Ya)
The implementation of goal-oriented models
Creating conditions favorable to fostering
entrepreneurship
Making a positive business image of the region
Potential to develop the tourist complex and
encourage tourism
Mono-specialization of the RS (Ya) economy
(extractive industry)
Decrease in the share of the working-age
population of the RS (Ya) caused by the out-
migration
High risks in terms of investment risk
components (environmental, social, managerial)
Source: Calculated by the authors
17. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 17 editor@iaeme.com
The use of SWOT-analysis to study the weaknesses and strengths of the RS (Ya)
investment sphere has made it possible to identify factors that positively and negatively affect
the investment activity in the republic, as well as to identify the strengths and weaknesses of
the region, the opportunities for prospective activities and threats to their implementation.
The key competitive advantage of the RS (Ya) is high availability of natural resources.
Natural potential occupies the greatest weight in the regional investment potential. Besides, the
natural potential is the source of other strengths of the region, most of the funds are invested in
the regional resource sector.
The strengths of the region also include the functioning of the executive body of state power
– the Ministry of Investment Development and Entrepreneurship, as well as other institutions
under its jurisdiction. Well-coordinated work of state bodies allowed improving the position of
the RS (Ya) in the ASI rating according to 2017 year results.
In the strengths of the republic, a favorable demographic situation is highlighted. Among
the FEFD subjects, only in RS (Ya) there is a positive trend in the population change in the
region, which is ensured by natural population growth.
The main weakness of the RS (Ya) is the transport infrastructure. Low density of roads,
isolation from the unified transport network of the RF, seasonal functioning of roads – all this
results in high transportation costs, which reduces the region’s investment potential and
increases risks. The situation with the transport infrastructure is complicated by the area of the
republic and the climatic conditions; significantly more resources are needed compared to other
regions for the construction and development of transport infrastructure facilities.
At the current stage, the following features can be identified:
promising overseas Asian markets;
huge potential for developing a tourist complex in the republic;
diversification of the republic’s economy through the development of other
economic sectors.
Along with the possibilities there exist threats. Among the threats, it is not only the mono-
industry economy in the RS (Ya) that stands out, the bulk of the GRP belongs to the extractive
industry. There are also other potential threats. Despite the increase in the population number
in RS (Ya), the share of the working-age population is decreasing due to the migration
(interregional and international) population outflow. Further, an analysis of investment
attractiveness based on the results of the Expert RA Agency rating showed that investment risk
is greatly enhanced due to environmental, social, and managerial components, which indicates
the presence of non-economic threats.
In this article the main trends in investment activity in the RS (Ya) are singled out. In the
context of FEFD, a third of the funds are invested in the economy of the republic. Regarding
the results of 2017, the volume of investments in fixed assets exceeded 380 billion rubles,
which is 39% more than the value of 2016. Half of the investments in fixed assets are directed
to work in the TEA “mining”.
Further, the components of the RS (Ya) investment attractiveness according to the
methodology of the Agency Expert-RA are considered. It has been revealed that the reserve
for increasing investment attractiveness consists in reducing social, financial, environmental
and managerial risks. As for the investment potential, the level of potential (the 20th rank) is
ensured to the greatest extent by the only capacity – the provision of the republic with natural
resources.
18. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
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In the study to identify negative and positive factors affecting the formation of the regional
investment potential, the authors used the SWOT-analysis method. The conducted SWOT-
analysis reflects the situation that has been created at the present stage of RS (Ya) development.
This analysis will highlight areas in which it will be possible to increase the level of investment
attractiveness of the republic.
3.3. The main directions of increasing the level of investment attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
With low and medium indicators of investment attractiveness of the region, upon the
availability of potential, it is necessary to take actions and measures that should be aimed at
creating a positive image of the region in the market and identifying internal and external
opportunities. Besides, the region activities related to increasing investment attractiveness is to
reduce social, financial, environmental and managerial risks that are inherent in all regions
without exception.
In the complex of works performed to increase the investment attractiveness of the region,
it is recommended to highlight areas that are the most promising and realistic, taking into
account the features of a particular region. Therefore, the process of attracting funds to the
regional economy requires a preliminary, reasonable, detailed analysis of objects related to
investment attractiveness.
On the basis of the conducted research in the present work, namely: consideration of
methods for rating the investment attractiveness of RF constituent entities, analysis of the main
indicators of investment activity in RS (Ya), analysis of the components of the region’s
investment attractiveness and SWOT analysis, the areas in which it is necessary and possible
to raise the level of investment attractiveness of the republic have been singled out.
First, the diversification of the RS (Ya) economy. The natural resource potential makes the
greatest contribution to the investment potential. About half of the investment is the mining
industry. However, it should be noted that resources are limited, and in the long term, the focus
on the republic’s raw materials cannot be a positive trend. Therefore, it is necessary to create
and develop other economic sectors for investment, to find a balance between the use of natural
resources and other economic activities.
Secondly, the development of infrastructure, in particular the transport one – the
construction and creation of transport infrastructure facilities to minimize transport costs, to
level road constraints and challenges. Problems of transport infrastructure explain the need to
build a bridge across the Lena River, which will eliminate the isolation of the administrative
center of the RS (Ya) – the city of Yakutsk in the offseason period, will reduce transportation
costs, contribute to the regional socio-economic development.
Thirdly, the development of the tourist complex, which will contribute to the creation of
the republic’s investment image. There is a potential and base for the development of this
complex (unique natural objects). But climatic conditions complicate the development of this
facility.
Fourth, cooperation with foreign investors in Asia. The location of the RS (Ya) in the Far
East makes it possible to build cooperation with Asian countries: China, Japan and South
Korea. The previous experience (positive and negative) of work with foreign investors
demonstrates that economic cooperation between the RS (Ya) and representatives of foreign
Asian countries is feasible.
In view of this study, it should be concluded that possible ways to increase the RS (Ya)
investment attractiveness should be based on an analysis of the attractiveness components:
19. V. S. Markova,Izabella.D, Elyakova,K.Yu. Postnikova,I. I. Poiseev,A, A. Pakhomov, V. R.
Darbasov,M. N. Okhlopkov And V. S. Dadykin
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which components of the potential should be taken into account, which risks should be reduced.
The SWOT-analysis allowed identifying the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and
threats to the RS (Ya) investment attractiveness.
Thus, the formation of investment attractiveness requires the performance of a complex of
works not only by the authorized executive body of the republic, but also by all other
authorities.
4. CONCLUSION
The concept of investment attractiveness of the region appeared in the last century, but through
present it does not lose its relevance, on the contrary, new issues appear in this area of research,
which requires analysis and evaluation. The most pressing issues are those of investment
attractiveness of regions that need a leap in socio-economic development. The subject of this
study is the investment attractiveness of the RS (Ya).
The RS (Ya) is a subject of the FEFD, characterized primarily by the presence of a variety
of diverse natural resources. However, the republic is also characterized by a difficult economic
situation, due to climatic conditions, a huge undeveloped area, and underdeveloped
infrastructure.
When considering the theoretical aspects of investment attractiveness, an interrelation with
other identical concepts such as “investment climate”, “investment potential”, and “investment
risks” was revealed. Most authors define the investment attractiveness of the region as an
economic category, which includes the potential and risks, as well as reflecting the level of
development of the regional economy. Methods for assessing the investment attractiveness by
Russian agencies are considered.
Thus, the investment attractiveness of the region is a combination of investment
opportunities and investment risks of the regional economy, reflecting a complex of material
and non-material resources of the region, conditions affecting the amount of invested funds,
the effective use of which contributes to the regional socio-economic development.
The main trends of investment activity in the RS (Ya) are identified. One third of all funds
invested in the FEFD of the RF are directed to the economy of the republic. As of 2017, the
volume of investments in fixed assets exceeded 380 billion rubles, which is 39% more than the
value of 2016. Half of the investments in fixed assets are directed to TEA “mining”.
The conducted SWOT-analysis reflects the situation existing at the present stage of RS
(Ya) development. This analysis lets identify areas in which it will be possible to increase the
level of investment attractiveness of the republic.
On the basis of the undertaken analysis, the main directions of increasing the RS (Ya)
investment attractiveness were identified:
development of infrastructure, including transport;
establishing cooperation with representatives of overseas Asian markets;
development of the tourist complex that will contribute to the creation of the
republic’s investment image;
economic diversification of the RS (Ya) – the development of other economic
sectors in the republic.
20. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
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https://journals.aserspublishing.eu/jarle/article/view/480
APPENDIX А
Table 1 Investments in fixed capital in the subjects of the FEFD in 2005-2017, mln rubles
Year
200
5
200
6
200
7
200
8
200
9
201
0
2011
201
2
201
3
201
4
201
5
2016 2017
Far
Easter
n
Federa
l
Distric
t
276,
291
330,
825
436,
849
584,
745
686,
111
787,
699
1,06
0,50
5
971,
353
842,
440
810,
554
905
087
1,00
0,77
6
1,21
7,35
6
The
Sakha
(Yakut
ia)
Repub
lic
48,9
78
56,6
19
119,
824
156,
954
192,
648
130,
493
190,
409
205,
206
193,
947
181,
172
198,
032
275,
576
384,
853
Kamc
hatka
Krai
7,06
0
8,33
7
13,0
19
16,5
20
24,3
85
32,6
15
33,8
60
36,1
38
32,7
08
25,1
28
22,8
50
37,2
98
37,1
11
Primor
sky
Krai
28,4
99
34,2
33
46,9
88
76,9
70
149,
813
208,
209
307,
618
203,
189
123,
061
134,
301
139,
208
130,
500
125,
700
Khaba
rovsk
Krai
39,1
66
47,2
81
64,5
44
83,6
75
96,9
74
156,
439
180,
508
179,
907
150,
078
128,
692
114,
008
120,
091
117,
192
22. Development of the Main Directions for Increasing the Investment Attractiveness of the
Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/index.asp 22 editor@iaeme.com
Amur
Regio
n
23,7
42
28,6
51
45,6
83
66,0
56
65,6
25
83,8
92
118,
297
113,
084
102,
003
76,3
76
102,
214
129,
816
186,
624
Magad
an
Regio
n
5,12
6
7,10
9
9,90
0
13,4
71
15,1
78
16,8
09
19,0
61
27,5
71
37,8
79
40,7
22
60,6
66
41,7
98
44,1
84
Sakhal
in
Regio
n
110,
850
137,
529
122,
756
152,
387
118,
446
135,
014
176,
021
164,
028
175,
632
205,
489
241,
464
240,
011
299,
467
The
Jewish
Auton
omous
Regio
n
5,46
1
6,05
9
8,54
1
10,4
26
8,03
9
18,8
11
25,4
30
24,9
46
14,3
27
10,2
88
120
12
12,9
29
10,4
55
Chuko
tka
Auton
omous
Okrug
7,40
9
5,00
6
5,59
4
8,28
6
15,0
01
5,41
9
9,30
2
17,2
84
12,8
04
8,38
6
14,6
33
12,7
57
11,7
70
Source: [20]