This document provides an overview of a workshop on designing and conducting case studies for development evaluations. It discusses the objectives of understanding case study methods and applying them. It also recommends books for reading on case study research design. The document defines case studies and contrasts them with other research approaches. It outlines different types of descriptive, explanatory, and combined case studies and provides examples of how research questions might match with different case study designs. The document discusses generalizing from case studies, developing the study design, defining the sample, and collecting data through methods like observation, interviews and document analysis.
This document outlines the key steps in the research methodology process. It defines research as a systematic effort to gain new knowledge. The main steps include: reviewing existing literature, identifying problems, setting objectives and hypotheses, planning the methodology, executing the research, analyzing data, drawing inferences, and disseminating findings. It also discusses defining the research problem precisely, formulating objectives, conducting a literature review to learn from past studies, and concluding the research by summarizing the findings and their significance.
This document provides guidance on how to conduct productive research in 3 steps: 1) plan your research by determining your topic, data sources, and methodology; 2) collect data through personal experience, observation, literature reviews, questionnaires, and interviews; and 3) analyze and report your findings while avoiding mistakes like plagiarism, biased analysis, and improper formatting. Key recommendations include selecting a relevant topic, ensuring valid and reliable sources, properly citing references, and seeking publication.
The document provides guidance on drafting a research proposal. It discusses the key elements of a research proposal including an introduction, literature review, methodology, expected results, budget, and bibliography. It emphasizes that a proposal establishes the researcher's plan of action and investigation and justifies the need for the study. A good proposal convinces readers that the proposed research is important and the methodology is sound.
The document provides guidance on selecting a research topic, including brainstorming ideas, choosing a manageable topic, defining the topic as a focused research question, and formulating a thesis statement. Some key steps are brainstorming topics based on personal interests or current events, reading background information to identify keywords, focusing the topic by limiting its scope, and researching the topic to answer the research question. The goal is to select a topic that can be thoroughly researched within the assigned parameters.
The document provides an overview of the social science research process. It discusses that research is an organized set of activities aimed at finding practical solutions to realistic problems supported by data. The research process involves ongoing planning, searching, discovery, reflection, and revision. Key aspects of the research process discussed include formulating hypotheses and research questions, collecting and analyzing data, evaluating hypotheses, and contributing new evidence to the literature. The role of theory in providing frameworks and concepts to understand research problems is also explained. Finally, the document outlines research design, data collection techniques, and methods for analyzing and evaluating data.
The document outlines the 8 key elements that should be included in a research proposal:
1) Background of the study which establishes the context and area of research.
2) Statement of the problem which describes the research question or problem being addressed.
3) Objectives which state what the research aims to accomplish.
4) Significance which explains why the research is important.
5) Limitations which specify the boundaries and scope of the research.
6) Definition of terms which explains key concepts.
7) Literature review which shows awareness of previous related work.
8) Methodology which describes the data, procedures, and justification of methods.
Problem (how to form good research question)metalkid132
The document discusses how to form a good research question. It outlines the importance of having a well-defined research question and lists characteristics of effective questions such as being answerable, specific, and building on previous research. The document also provides guidance on developing a research question by selecting a topic and issue and determining if a topic can be researched. It describes how to transform a research question into testable hypotheses and common mistakes to avoid such as questions being too broad, subjective, controversial, familiar, or technical.
This document outlines the key steps in the research methodology process. It defines research as a systematic effort to gain new knowledge. The main steps include: reviewing existing literature, identifying problems, setting objectives and hypotheses, planning the methodology, executing the research, analyzing data, drawing inferences, and disseminating findings. It also discusses defining the research problem precisely, formulating objectives, conducting a literature review to learn from past studies, and concluding the research by summarizing the findings and their significance.
This document provides guidance on how to conduct productive research in 3 steps: 1) plan your research by determining your topic, data sources, and methodology; 2) collect data through personal experience, observation, literature reviews, questionnaires, and interviews; and 3) analyze and report your findings while avoiding mistakes like plagiarism, biased analysis, and improper formatting. Key recommendations include selecting a relevant topic, ensuring valid and reliable sources, properly citing references, and seeking publication.
The document provides guidance on drafting a research proposal. It discusses the key elements of a research proposal including an introduction, literature review, methodology, expected results, budget, and bibliography. It emphasizes that a proposal establishes the researcher's plan of action and investigation and justifies the need for the study. A good proposal convinces readers that the proposed research is important and the methodology is sound.
The document provides guidance on selecting a research topic, including brainstorming ideas, choosing a manageable topic, defining the topic as a focused research question, and formulating a thesis statement. Some key steps are brainstorming topics based on personal interests or current events, reading background information to identify keywords, focusing the topic by limiting its scope, and researching the topic to answer the research question. The goal is to select a topic that can be thoroughly researched within the assigned parameters.
The document provides an overview of the social science research process. It discusses that research is an organized set of activities aimed at finding practical solutions to realistic problems supported by data. The research process involves ongoing planning, searching, discovery, reflection, and revision. Key aspects of the research process discussed include formulating hypotheses and research questions, collecting and analyzing data, evaluating hypotheses, and contributing new evidence to the literature. The role of theory in providing frameworks and concepts to understand research problems is also explained. Finally, the document outlines research design, data collection techniques, and methods for analyzing and evaluating data.
The document outlines the 8 key elements that should be included in a research proposal:
1) Background of the study which establishes the context and area of research.
2) Statement of the problem which describes the research question or problem being addressed.
3) Objectives which state what the research aims to accomplish.
4) Significance which explains why the research is important.
5) Limitations which specify the boundaries and scope of the research.
6) Definition of terms which explains key concepts.
7) Literature review which shows awareness of previous related work.
8) Methodology which describes the data, procedures, and justification of methods.
Problem (how to form good research question)metalkid132
The document discusses how to form a good research question. It outlines the importance of having a well-defined research question and lists characteristics of effective questions such as being answerable, specific, and building on previous research. The document also provides guidance on developing a research question by selecting a topic and issue and determining if a topic can be researched. It describes how to transform a research question into testable hypotheses and common mistakes to avoid such as questions being too broad, subjective, controversial, familiar, or technical.
This document discusses how to create effective research questions to guide research. It explains that research questions map out the direction of the research. An effective research question needs information from sources beyond yourself, requires background research, and is neither too broad nor too narrow in scope. There are two types of questions: "thin" questions like who, what, when, where that provide background details, and "thick" questions using how and why that explore broader concepts and changes over time. The document provides examples of each and guides the reader in forming their own thick questions.
This document provides guidance on conducting a literature review for a research study. It discusses reviewing related literature, theories, and past studies to identify gaps and lay the conceptual framework for a new study. Key aspects covered include searching databases and other sources, organizing collected notes, addressing plagiarism, and writing the review. The document also offers tips for critiquing existing studies, such as using guide questions to evaluate the purpose, methods, findings and limitations of prior work. The overall message is that a thorough literature review is crucial for situating a study in the context of past research and identifying opportunities for new contributions.
This document provides guidance on how to write a research proposal. It begins by defining research as the systematic investigation of data to establish facts and reach new conclusions. A research proposal summarizes the intended research project and demonstrates the writer's critical thinking and communication skills. The document then outlines the key components of a research proposal, including the title, introduction, aims and objectives, methodology, and bibliography. It emphasizes that the proposal should be clear, concise, coherent and demonstrate critical thinking. The writer should get feedback and ensure the elevator pitch explanation is understandable.
In 3 sentences:
This document provides an overview of research methodology. It discusses key concepts like research objectives, types of research, research approaches, and the scientific steps of research including developing research questions, conducting a literature review, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings. The document also covers formulating hypotheses and research design to systematically study research problems.
This document discusses the structure and process of writing a research paper. It covers the typical sections of a research paper - introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should provide context and an overview, while the body contains the main arguments or analysis. The conclusion restates the thesis and discusses implications. Choosing a good research topic is also addressed, noting it should be verifiable, interesting, and manageable in scope. Brainstorming different topic ideas from categories like people, events, trends and controversies can help identify a focus. Asking questions like who, what, when, where, why and how further narrows the topic.
Do you know what the top five types of journals are? View this presentation for the answers and to select the type that you feel would suit your personality the best.
The document discusses key aspects of research methodology including defining research, the research process, types of research, and approaches to research. It provides details on topics like the objectives and significance of research, as well as the various steps involved in the research process such as developing hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings. Additionally, it differentiates between qualitative and quantitative research, and explores conceptual versus empirical research.
The document discusses experimental research design. It covers key concepts like causality, conditions for causality, validity, and extraneous variables. It also describes different types of experimental designs including pre-experimental, true experimental, quasi-experimental, and statistical designs. Examples are provided to illustrate different designs like randomized block and Latin square designs. Limitations of experimentation are also briefly discussed.
The document provides guidance on developing effective research questions, noting that they should address the topic through an open-ended question, include key words for research, and be questions the researcher does not already know the answer to. Examples of too narrow, too broad, or too challenging questions are given. The document also discusses developing sub-questions to help answer the research question.
Lecture 1 academic writing in english finalannemiekwegman
This lecture provides an overview and introduction to the Academic Writing course. It discusses the structure and expectations of the course, including aims, lectures, tutorials, assignments, assessment criteria, and deadlines. It also introduces the course book and discusses key concepts in academic writing, such as the writing process, text structure, purpose and audience, plagiarism, and characteristics of formal versus informal writing. Resources for developing academic vocabulary are also presented.
This document discusses research types in social sciences. It describes research design as referring to the overall structure of a research project, including paradigmatic considerations, research questions and objectives, and data collection and analysis processes. Research methods refer to specific processes for sampling data sources, collecting data through techniques like interviews and questionnaires, validating data, and analyzing data. The three main research designs are quantitative research, qualitative research, and mixed methods research, which make use of quantitative, qualitative, or both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods, respectively.
The document discusses research and the scientific method. It begins by asking why we are interested in research and what research is. Some key reasons for interest in research include the desire for knowledge creation and addressing unsolved problems. Research is defined as the systematic investigation into and study of materials to establish new facts and reach conclusions.
The scientific method is introduced as involving defining a problem, conducting research, formulating a hypothesis, experimentation, analyzing results, and drawing conclusions. Steps of the scientific method are outlined in detail using an example of a student investigating the effect of varying sugar amounts on bread rising. The student's experiments lead him to accept his hypothesis that more sugar leads to larger loaves of bread.
This document provides an overview of key aspects of the research process, including identifying a research problem, reviewing relevant literature, specifying a research purpose, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting results. It discusses different types of epidemiological study designs like cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, and their strengths and limitations. Literature reviews are described as assessing previous research on a topic to identify knowledge gaps and questions. The importance of a clear and specific research purpose is highlighted. Methods of data collection and presentation like tables, bar charts, histograms and graphs are also covered.
This chapter discusses research design and methodology. It defines research design as the plan or strategy for conducting a study to answer research questions. A good research design identifies the study population, sampling method, data collection tools, and how variables will be measured and analyzed. It ensures validity, objectivity and accuracy of the study. Key components of research design include determining the study population, sample size and method, data collection tools, and addressing ethical issues. The chapter also discusses how to establish causal relationships between variables and minimize the effects of extraneous variables through randomization, matching, and eliminating confounding variables from the study design.
This document discusses various tools and methods for collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. It describes primary and secondary sources, as well as how to evaluate them. Quantitative methods mentioned include census, surveys, and administrative data. Qualitative methods include interviews, focus groups, observation, and case studies. Ethical considerations for data collection and research are also covered, including informed consent and avoiding harm.
This document discusses research questions and the process of formulating research problems. It begins by defining research and different types of research. It then covers developing research questions, including originating questions from prior literature and formulating questions that are feasible, interesting, novel, ethical and relevant. The document outlines steps for formulating a research problem, including selecting a broad subject area and narrowing it to specific questions. It stresses reviewing literature throughout the process and considering available data, resources, and ethics. Finally, it discusses writing research protocols that specify predictors, outcomes, populations and study plans to address potential problems.
Research is defined as a systematic, scientific search for information to increase knowledge. It involves defining problems, formulating hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, reaching conclusions, and testing conclusions. The main types of research are fundamental/basic research, which seeks knowledge without a defined goal, and applied research, which is problem-oriented and directed toward a specific end. The objectives of research are to discover new information, develop new tools and techniques, gain familiarity with phenomena, describe characteristics accurately, and identify causal relationships between variables. Problems that can arise in research include a lack of scientific training, delays in accessing data, human biases, insufficient time and funding, and uncontrolled variables.
This document discusses research methodology and topics in research. It defines research as a systematic method of investigation and analysis to gain knowledge and solve problems. The document outlines several key objectives of research, including discovering new techniques, arriving at conclusions from data, and resolving contradictions. Finally, it notes that research is significant as it can help solve societal problems, be useful to different groups, aid industries, and inform government policies.
This document provides guidance on how to write a thesis. It begins by outlining the structure of the tutorial in two parts. It then discusses both the good and bad aspects of writing a thesis. Key points include that writing a thesis is difficult but teaches important skills, and having a thesis committee selected early is beneficial. The document provides tips on developing a thesis message, table of contents, and timetable. It emphasizes starting writing early and getting feedback. Common mistakes and problems are also addressed.
The document classifies research based on intent and methods. There are two main classifications:
1) According to intent: Includes pure research, applied research, exploratory research, action research, diagnostic studies, descriptive studies, and evaluation studies.
2) According to methods: Includes survey methods, case studies, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, and field studies. Different research methods have varying purposes, strengths, limitations, and applications depending on the problem being examined. Interdisciplinary research combines tools from multiple disciplines to study a problem.
The document provides an introduction to research topics in railway engineering. It discusses three main research areas in railway:
1) Railway engineering, which focuses on design, construction, operation and maintenance of railway systems.
2) Railway operations and planning, which deals with optimization of railway services like timetabling and scheduling.
3) Railway infrastructure system design and management, which covers development of methods for assessment and improvement of railway infrastructure assets. The document aims to outline potential areas for research to improve performance, reliability, safety and sustainability of railway transport.
This document discusses how to create effective research questions to guide research. It explains that research questions map out the direction of the research. An effective research question needs information from sources beyond yourself, requires background research, and is neither too broad nor too narrow in scope. There are two types of questions: "thin" questions like who, what, when, where that provide background details, and "thick" questions using how and why that explore broader concepts and changes over time. The document provides examples of each and guides the reader in forming their own thick questions.
This document provides guidance on conducting a literature review for a research study. It discusses reviewing related literature, theories, and past studies to identify gaps and lay the conceptual framework for a new study. Key aspects covered include searching databases and other sources, organizing collected notes, addressing plagiarism, and writing the review. The document also offers tips for critiquing existing studies, such as using guide questions to evaluate the purpose, methods, findings and limitations of prior work. The overall message is that a thorough literature review is crucial for situating a study in the context of past research and identifying opportunities for new contributions.
This document provides guidance on how to write a research proposal. It begins by defining research as the systematic investigation of data to establish facts and reach new conclusions. A research proposal summarizes the intended research project and demonstrates the writer's critical thinking and communication skills. The document then outlines the key components of a research proposal, including the title, introduction, aims and objectives, methodology, and bibliography. It emphasizes that the proposal should be clear, concise, coherent and demonstrate critical thinking. The writer should get feedback and ensure the elevator pitch explanation is understandable.
In 3 sentences:
This document provides an overview of research methodology. It discusses key concepts like research objectives, types of research, research approaches, and the scientific steps of research including developing research questions, conducting a literature review, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings. The document also covers formulating hypotheses and research design to systematically study research problems.
This document discusses the structure and process of writing a research paper. It covers the typical sections of a research paper - introduction, body, and conclusion. The introduction should provide context and an overview, while the body contains the main arguments or analysis. The conclusion restates the thesis and discusses implications. Choosing a good research topic is also addressed, noting it should be verifiable, interesting, and manageable in scope. Brainstorming different topic ideas from categories like people, events, trends and controversies can help identify a focus. Asking questions like who, what, when, where, why and how further narrows the topic.
Do you know what the top five types of journals are? View this presentation for the answers and to select the type that you feel would suit your personality the best.
The document discusses key aspects of research methodology including defining research, the research process, types of research, and approaches to research. It provides details on topics like the objectives and significance of research, as well as the various steps involved in the research process such as developing hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings. Additionally, it differentiates between qualitative and quantitative research, and explores conceptual versus empirical research.
The document discusses experimental research design. It covers key concepts like causality, conditions for causality, validity, and extraneous variables. It also describes different types of experimental designs including pre-experimental, true experimental, quasi-experimental, and statistical designs. Examples are provided to illustrate different designs like randomized block and Latin square designs. Limitations of experimentation are also briefly discussed.
The document provides guidance on developing effective research questions, noting that they should address the topic through an open-ended question, include key words for research, and be questions the researcher does not already know the answer to. Examples of too narrow, too broad, or too challenging questions are given. The document also discusses developing sub-questions to help answer the research question.
Lecture 1 academic writing in english finalannemiekwegman
This lecture provides an overview and introduction to the Academic Writing course. It discusses the structure and expectations of the course, including aims, lectures, tutorials, assignments, assessment criteria, and deadlines. It also introduces the course book and discusses key concepts in academic writing, such as the writing process, text structure, purpose and audience, plagiarism, and characteristics of formal versus informal writing. Resources for developing academic vocabulary are also presented.
This document discusses research types in social sciences. It describes research design as referring to the overall structure of a research project, including paradigmatic considerations, research questions and objectives, and data collection and analysis processes. Research methods refer to specific processes for sampling data sources, collecting data through techniques like interviews and questionnaires, validating data, and analyzing data. The three main research designs are quantitative research, qualitative research, and mixed methods research, which make use of quantitative, qualitative, or both quantitative and qualitative data collection and analysis methods, respectively.
The document discusses research and the scientific method. It begins by asking why we are interested in research and what research is. Some key reasons for interest in research include the desire for knowledge creation and addressing unsolved problems. Research is defined as the systematic investigation into and study of materials to establish new facts and reach conclusions.
The scientific method is introduced as involving defining a problem, conducting research, formulating a hypothesis, experimentation, analyzing results, and drawing conclusions. Steps of the scientific method are outlined in detail using an example of a student investigating the effect of varying sugar amounts on bread rising. The student's experiments lead him to accept his hypothesis that more sugar leads to larger loaves of bread.
This document provides an overview of key aspects of the research process, including identifying a research problem, reviewing relevant literature, specifying a research purpose, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting results. It discusses different types of epidemiological study designs like cross-sectional studies, case-control studies, cohort studies, and their strengths and limitations. Literature reviews are described as assessing previous research on a topic to identify knowledge gaps and questions. The importance of a clear and specific research purpose is highlighted. Methods of data collection and presentation like tables, bar charts, histograms and graphs are also covered.
This chapter discusses research design and methodology. It defines research design as the plan or strategy for conducting a study to answer research questions. A good research design identifies the study population, sampling method, data collection tools, and how variables will be measured and analyzed. It ensures validity, objectivity and accuracy of the study. Key components of research design include determining the study population, sample size and method, data collection tools, and addressing ethical issues. The chapter also discusses how to establish causal relationships between variables and minimize the effects of extraneous variables through randomization, matching, and eliminating confounding variables from the study design.
This document discusses various tools and methods for collecting both quantitative and qualitative data. It describes primary and secondary sources, as well as how to evaluate them. Quantitative methods mentioned include census, surveys, and administrative data. Qualitative methods include interviews, focus groups, observation, and case studies. Ethical considerations for data collection and research are also covered, including informed consent and avoiding harm.
This document discusses research questions and the process of formulating research problems. It begins by defining research and different types of research. It then covers developing research questions, including originating questions from prior literature and formulating questions that are feasible, interesting, novel, ethical and relevant. The document outlines steps for formulating a research problem, including selecting a broad subject area and narrowing it to specific questions. It stresses reviewing literature throughout the process and considering available data, resources, and ethics. Finally, it discusses writing research protocols that specify predictors, outcomes, populations and study plans to address potential problems.
Research is defined as a systematic, scientific search for information to increase knowledge. It involves defining problems, formulating hypotheses, collecting and analyzing data, reaching conclusions, and testing conclusions. The main types of research are fundamental/basic research, which seeks knowledge without a defined goal, and applied research, which is problem-oriented and directed toward a specific end. The objectives of research are to discover new information, develop new tools and techniques, gain familiarity with phenomena, describe characteristics accurately, and identify causal relationships between variables. Problems that can arise in research include a lack of scientific training, delays in accessing data, human biases, insufficient time and funding, and uncontrolled variables.
This document discusses research methodology and topics in research. It defines research as a systematic method of investigation and analysis to gain knowledge and solve problems. The document outlines several key objectives of research, including discovering new techniques, arriving at conclusions from data, and resolving contradictions. Finally, it notes that research is significant as it can help solve societal problems, be useful to different groups, aid industries, and inform government policies.
This document provides guidance on how to write a thesis. It begins by outlining the structure of the tutorial in two parts. It then discusses both the good and bad aspects of writing a thesis. Key points include that writing a thesis is difficult but teaches important skills, and having a thesis committee selected early is beneficial. The document provides tips on developing a thesis message, table of contents, and timetable. It emphasizes starting writing early and getting feedback. Common mistakes and problems are also addressed.
The document classifies research based on intent and methods. There are two main classifications:
1) According to intent: Includes pure research, applied research, exploratory research, action research, diagnostic studies, descriptive studies, and evaluation studies.
2) According to methods: Includes survey methods, case studies, experimental research, analytical studies, historical research, and field studies. Different research methods have varying purposes, strengths, limitations, and applications depending on the problem being examined. Interdisciplinary research combines tools from multiple disciplines to study a problem.
The document provides an introduction to research topics in railway engineering. It discusses three main research areas in railway:
1) Railway engineering, which focuses on design, construction, operation and maintenance of railway systems.
2) Railway operations and planning, which deals with optimization of railway services like timetabling and scheduling.
3) Railway infrastructure system design and management, which covers development of methods for assessment and improvement of railway infrastructure assets. The document aims to outline potential areas for research to improve performance, reliability, safety and sustainability of railway transport.
Case Studys and lesson of how to do casexx280nwosx
This document provides guidance on writing effective case studies. It discusses what a case study is, its purpose, key components, and methods for preparing case studies. A case study tells a story about a real-life situation or event and aims to provide a holistic view of complex issues. It should have a clear structure that includes background context, description of strategies, challenges encountered, and outcomes. Interviews, documentation, and direct observation are common methods for collecting case study data. The document also provides tips for effective organization, content, use of visuals, mechanics, style, and research in case study writing.
This document provides an overview of research methodology. It discusses what research is, the characteristics and objectives of research. It then describes the main methods of research including experimental, analytical, historical, survey, case studies, and field studies. For each method, an example is given. The document also discusses developing questionnaires, determining samples and populations, and the steps involved in collection of data. Overall, it serves as an introduction to key concepts in research methodology.
The document defines research and describes its key characteristics as being controlled, rigorous, systematic, valid and verifiable, and empirical. It outlines two main paradigms in research - positivism and naturalism. Positivism combines deductive logic and empirical methods to seek generalizable patterns, while naturalism assumes a social world can be accessed through senses. The document also describes the basic steps in conducting research as formulating a problem, designing a study, collecting and analyzing data, and reporting findings. Finally, it distinguishes between qualitative and quantitative research, with qualitative aiming to understand through description and quantitative aiming to explain through statistical analysis.
The document discusses the case study method of teaching and learning. It describes case studies as analyses of real-world situations that help students develop important skills like reading, analysis, strategic thinking, and domain knowledge application. Case studies can focus on enterprises, organizations, functions, successes, failures, and mergers. Analyzing case studies helps students strengthen various skills while facilitating enhanced learning experiences. There are two main approaches to case studies: analytical and problem-oriented. Problem-oriented case studies identify issues and recommend solutions to address real problems.
Foundations of Agricultural Research by Prof Jayne MugweJayne Mugwe
This PPT presentation gives overview of Agricultural Research. Explains meaning of scientifc research, Characteristics of research, research process at a glance, Importance of research and research development continnum
Prof Jayne Mugwe
Kenyatta University
Case studies are a qualitative research method used to examine individuals, small groups, or specific situations in great depth. They emphasize detailed contextual analysis to understand relationships between phenomena. Researchers use case studies across many disciplines. They involve systematically collecting detailed information through methods like interviews and document review. Case studies can reveal real-world situations, test theories, and improve learning. While not generalizable, they provide rich detail. Common elements examined in case studies include identifying the problem, steps taken to address it, results, challenges faced and lessons learned.
The document discusses various aspects of research methods and processes. It defines research as the gathering of new knowledge from primary and secondary sources through systematic investigation. It notes that research involves identifying and formulating the problem, conducting an extensive literature review, developing hypotheses, preparing the research design, collecting and analyzing data, and preparing a research report. The key steps in the research process are formulating the problem, literature survey, developing a synopsis, identifying variables, setting hypotheses, research design, sampling, data collection, analysis, testing hypotheses, and reporting. The types of research designs discussed are exploratory, descriptive, causal, and experimental.
Developing core common outcomes for tropical peatland research and managementMark Reed
Presentation by Prof Mark Reed at CIFOR Indonesian to open UN Global Peatland Initiative workshop to identify key variables that should be measured in tropical peatland research and monitoring. Workshop co-facilitated by Mark Reed and Dylan Young, with slides adapted from a presentation by Gav Stewart, Newcastle University.
This document outlines the objectives and content of a research methodology course. It aims to help students develop an understanding of research and its methodologies. Key topics that will be covered include defining research, terminology used in research, types of research classified by application, objectives and inquiry mode, qualities of good research, and the eight-step research process involving planning, conducting, and reporting a study. Research is defined as a systematic, scientific search for knowledge on a specific topic. Methodology refers to the methods and techniques used to implement a research plan.
This document outlines the objectives and content of a research methodology course. The course aims to develop an understanding of research and its methodologies. It will cover defining research and key terminology, the different types of research classified by application and objectives, the research process, selecting research topics and problems, formulating hypotheses and objectives, literature reviews, and other aspects of designing and conducting research.
This document outlines the objectives and content of a research methodology course. The course aims to develop an understanding of research and its methodologies. It will cover defining research and key terminology, the different types of research classified by application and objectives, the research process, how to select a research problem, formulating hypotheses and objectives, and what constitutes a literature review. The document provides definitions and examples to explain these various aspects of the research process.
TSLB3143 Topic 1b Types of Educatioanal ResearchYee Bee Choo
- Basic research aims to expand knowledge without a direct commercial application. It seeks to develop and test theories through careful analysis.
- Applied research seeks practical solutions to problems through applying existing theories or data collection. It has a direct value to practitioners.
- Action research is conducted by educators to address practical problems in schools and classrooms. It follows a cycle of identifying problems, planning interventions, implementing actions, evaluating outcomes, and revising plans.
- Evaluation research assesses the effectiveness, quality, or value of programs, products, policies, or practices. It answers questions about what works and how well interventions achieve their goals.
This document provides an overview of different research designs. It begins with defining key terms like research, research design, and research process. It then outlines both qualitative and quantitative research approaches. For qualitative approaches, it describes narrative research, grounded theory, ethnography, and case study designs. For quantitative approaches, it explains experimental, correlational, survey, and action research designs. It provides details on the purpose, processes, and conclusions that can be drawn from these different research methodologies.
This document provides an overview of defining a research problem. It discusses what constitutes a research problem, the process of selecting a problem, criteria for evaluation, and techniques for defining the problem. Key points include:
- A research problem is a situation or circumstance that requires a solution to be described, explained, or predicted. It must have an individual/group with a difficulty, objectives to attain, alternative means to reach objectives, and some doubt regarding alternatives.
- Problems should be significant, researchable, likely to lead to further research, suitable for the researcher, original, and feasible within time/resource constraints.
- Defining the problem properly is important to be on track. Techniques include general problem statements
There are two approaches to writing a case study - analytical and problem-oriented. This document focuses on the problem-oriented method, which analyzes a real-life situation to identify major problems and suggest solutions. A successful case study relates theory to practice, identifies problems, selects major problems, suggests solutions, recommends the best solution, and details its implementation. There are typically eight sections: synopsis, findings, discussion, conclusion, recommendations, implementation, references, and appendices.
Case study approach as a pedagogy in managementsmitaj
A case study provides detailed, narrative information about a unique individual, program, or event. It captures what happened and why to highlight both successes and challenges. Case studies are appropriate when there is an interesting story to tell and can provide context to other data. The primary advantage is detailed information from multiple sources. Limitations include potential length, perceived lack of rigor, and inability to generalize. A case study should plan data collection, analyze findings, and disseminate lessons learned. Elements include identifying the problem, steps taken, results, challenges, lessons learned. Presentation includes introduction, methodology, problem, steps, results, challenges, conclusions.
The document outlines an agenda for a 4-day training curriculum on impact evaluation, covering topics such as causal inference, evaluation design, sample design and data collection, and indicators and questionnaire design. Key aspects of impact evaluation discussed include developing a results chain to map inputs, activities, outputs, and outcomes; creating SMART indicators; and designing surveys with valid, reliable, and sensitive question types. The training aims to provide participants with the tools and knowledge to properly implement impact evaluations of development programs.
The document provides an overview of the research process. It begins by defining research as the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of data to answer a question or solve a problem. It then discusses key aspects of developing a research proposal, including selecting a topic, reviewing existing literature, developing objectives and hypotheses, and outlining the methodology. The document presents examples of components to include in a research proposal, such as an introduction with the research problem, a theoretical framework, proposed hypotheses, and descriptions of variables and data collection methods. Overall, the document serves as a guide for planning and structuring a research study from selecting a topic to developing a proposal.
Similar to DESIGNING AND CONDUCTING CASE STUDIES.ppt (20)
End-to-end pipeline agility - Berlin Buzzwords 2024Lars Albertsson
We describe how we achieve high change agility in data engineering by eliminating the fear of breaking downstream data pipelines through end-to-end pipeline testing, and by using schema metaprogramming to safely eliminate boilerplate involved in changes that affect whole pipelines.
A quick poll on agility in changing pipelines from end to end indicated a huge span in capabilities. For the question "How long time does it take for all downstream pipelines to be adapted to an upstream change," the median response was 6 months, but some respondents could do it in less than a day. When quantitative data engineering differences between the best and worst are measured, the span is often 100x-1000x, sometimes even more.
A long time ago, we suffered at Spotify from fear of changing pipelines due to not knowing what the impact might be downstream. We made plans for a technical solution to test pipelines end-to-end to mitigate that fear, but the effort failed for cultural reasons. We eventually solved this challenge, but in a different context. In this presentation we will describe how we test full pipelines effectively by manipulating workflow orchestration, which enables us to make changes in pipelines without fear of breaking downstream.
Making schema changes that affect many jobs also involves a lot of toil and boilerplate. Using schema-on-read mitigates some of it, but has drawbacks since it makes it more difficult to detect errors early. We will describe how we have rejected this tradeoff by applying schema metaprogramming, eliminating boilerplate but keeping the protection of static typing, thereby further improving agility to quickly modify data pipelines without fear.
4th Modern Marketing Reckoner by MMA Global India & Group M: 60+ experts on W...Social Samosa
The Modern Marketing Reckoner (MMR) is a comprehensive resource packed with POVs from 60+ industry leaders on how AI is transforming the 4 key pillars of marketing – product, place, price and promotions.
Build applications with generative AI on Google CloudMárton Kodok
We will explore Vertex AI - Model Garden powered experiences, we are going to learn more about the integration of these generative AI APIs. We are going to see in action what the Gemini family of generative models are for developers to build and deploy AI-driven applications. Vertex AI includes a suite of foundation models, these are referred to as the PaLM and Gemini family of generative ai models, and they come in different versions. We are going to cover how to use via API to: - execute prompts in text and chat - cover multimodal use cases with image prompts. - finetune and distill to improve knowledge domains - run function calls with foundation models to optimize them for specific tasks. At the end of the session, developers will understand how to innovate with generative AI and develop apps using the generative ai industry trends.
Beyond the Basics of A/B Tests: Highly Innovative Experimentation Tactics You...Aggregage
This webinar will explore cutting-edge, less familiar but powerful experimentation methodologies which address well-known limitations of standard A/B Testing. Designed for data and product leaders, this session aims to inspire the embrace of innovative approaches and provide insights into the frontiers of experimentation!
Codeless Generative AI Pipelines
(GenAI with Milvus)
https://ml.dssconf.pl/user.html#!/lecture/DSSML24-041a/rate
Discover the potential of real-time streaming in the context of GenAI as we delve into the intricacies of Apache NiFi and its capabilities. Learn how this tool can significantly simplify the data engineering workflow for GenAI applications, allowing you to focus on the creative aspects rather than the technical complexities. I will guide you through practical examples and use cases, showing the impact of automation on prompt building. From data ingestion to transformation and delivery, witness how Apache NiFi streamlines the entire pipeline, ensuring a smooth and hassle-free experience.
Timothy Spann
https://www.youtube.com/@FLaNK-Stack
https://medium.com/@tspann
https://www.datainmotion.dev/
milvus, unstructured data, vector database, zilliz, cloud, vectors, python, deep learning, generative ai, genai, nifi, kafka, flink, streaming, iot, edge
Predictably Improve Your B2B Tech Company's Performance by Leveraging DataKiwi Creative
Harness the power of AI-backed reports, benchmarking and data analysis to predict trends and detect anomalies in your marketing efforts.
Peter Caputa, CEO at Databox, reveals how you can discover the strategies and tools to increase your growth rate (and margins!).
From metrics to track to data habits to pick up, enhance your reporting for powerful insights to improve your B2B tech company's marketing.
- - -
This is the webinar recording from the June 2024 HubSpot User Group (HUG) for B2B Technology USA.
Watch the video recording at https://youtu.be/5vjwGfPN9lw
Sign up for future HUG events at https://events.hubspot.com/b2b-technology-usa/
Learn SQL from basic queries to Advance queriesmanishkhaire30
Dive into the world of data analysis with our comprehensive guide on mastering SQL! This presentation offers a practical approach to learning SQL, focusing on real-world applications and hands-on practice. Whether you're a beginner or looking to sharpen your skills, this guide provides the tools you need to extract, analyze, and interpret data effectively.
Key Highlights:
Foundations of SQL: Understand the basics of SQL, including data retrieval, filtering, and aggregation.
Advanced Queries: Learn to craft complex queries to uncover deep insights from your data.
Data Trends and Patterns: Discover how to identify and interpret trends and patterns in your datasets.
Practical Examples: Follow step-by-step examples to apply SQL techniques in real-world scenarios.
Actionable Insights: Gain the skills to derive actionable insights that drive informed decision-making.
Join us on this journey to enhance your data analysis capabilities and unlock the full potential of SQL. Perfect for data enthusiasts, analysts, and anyone eager to harness the power of data!
#DataAnalysis #SQL #LearningSQL #DataInsights #DataScience #Analytics
30. 30
Develop
design
Select
cases
Write
data
collection
protocol
Conduct 1st
Case study
Conduct 2nd
case study
Conduct
remaining
case studies
Write case
report
Write case
report
Write case
reports
Draw cross-case
conclusions
Modify theory
Develop policy
implications
Write cross-
case report
Case Study Method: Adapted from Yin, 2003. Pg. 50.
Develop
theory
Identify
Evaluation
issue