This paper proposes a design of 0.15μm Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) power amplifier
using GaAs pHEMT technology at 2.4 GHz which employs feed forward linearization technique to improve
linearity. The amplifier is designed to operate in personal communication systems (PCS) frequency range
using WIN semiconductor GaAs pHEMT technology. Single stage power amplifier is designed in lumped
and distributed components with its layout. Linearity of PA is improved by Feed forward Linearization
technique. To evaluate the performance of proposed linearized amplifier, Advanced Design system (ADS)
tool is used. The designed circuit results with 13.65dBm output power at 1dB compression point (P1dB),
6dB power gain and maximum Power added efficiency of 16.4%. Linearity achieved by feed forward
linearizer circuit with third order intermodulation suppression of 30dBc for the output power level of
8.217dBm and 1dB compression point at an input power of 15 dBm whereas 6 dBm for the Power amplifier
without feed forward linearizer circuit. The designed Power amplifier system with feed forward linearizer
had IMD3 suppression of 30dBc which is in appreciable range with improvement in 1dB compression
point.
DESIGN OF 2.4 GHZ MMIC FEED FORWARD AMPLIFIER FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjmicro
This paper proposes a design of 0.15μm Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) power amplifier
using GaAs pHEMT technology at 2.4 GHz which employs feed forward linearization technique to improve
linearity. The amplifier is designed to operate in personal communication systems (PCS) frequency range
using WIN semiconductor GaAs pHEMT technology. Single stage power amplifier is designed in lumped
and distributed components with its layout. Linearity of PA is improved by Feed forward Linearization
technique. To evaluate the performance of proposed linearized amplifier, Advanced Design system (ADS)
tool is used. The designed circuit results with 13.65dBm output power at 1dB compression point (P1dB),
6dB power gain and maximum Power added efficiency of 16.4%. Linearity achieved by feed forward
linearizer circuit with third order intermodulation suppression of 30dBc for the output power level of
8.217dBm and 1dB compression point at an input power of 15 dBm whereas 6 dBm for the Power amplifier
without feed forward linearizer circuit. The designed Power amplifier system with feed forward linearizer
had IMD3 suppression of 30dBc which is in appreciable range with improvement in 1dB compression
point.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design of 10 to 12 GHz Low Noise Amplifier for Ultrawideband (UWB) SystemIJECEIAES
Balanced amplifier is the structure proposed in this article, it provides better performance. In fact, the single amplifier meets the specification for noise figure and gain but fails to meet the return loss specification due to the large mis-matches on the input & outputs. To overcome this problem one solution is to use balanced amplifier topography. In this paper, a wide-band and highgain microwave balanced amplifier constituted with branch line coupler circuit is proposed. The amplifier is unconditionally stable in the band [9-13] GHz where the gain is about 20dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) at 11 GHz are -33.4dB and -33.5dB respectively.
A 28 GHz 0.18-μm CMOS cascade power amplifier with reverse body bias techniqueTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 μm Silterra process technology is reported. The cascade configuration has been adopted to obtain high Power Added Efficiency (PAE). To achieve low power consumption, the input stage adopts reverse body bias technique. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 32.03mW and power gain (S21) of 9.51 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 11.10 dBm and maximum PAE of 16.55% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 8.44 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.
Wireless communication system are developing rapidly, due to which new standards like WIMAX and 4G Long Term Evaluating(LTE) with a purpose of achieving high data rate result in high end applications such as high speed internet, video conferences and broadband width. These applications require mobile base stations at the transmitter as well as at receiver (T/R) to support features like multiple bands, multiple modes, higher BW and less power consumption. The design and implementation of multi-standard transceivers for wireless mobile system is very complex task. In this paper we discuss the design of a wider band Doherty Amplifier, which operational frequency of 3 GHz to 3.75 GHz.
Abstract:
This paper reports on the design of an ultra wideband power amplifier using 0.25um GaN- HEMT Technology device obtained from the Triquint Semiconductor. There is huge interest in transistors based on Gallium Nitride in recent years due to its high breakdown voltage and its capability to operate in High frequency applications. The load pull analysis is carried out to obtain both the required source and load impedances. The
power amplifier with over 10W output power and 42% power added efficiency in the frequency range of 3-5GHz is presented in this paper. The PA is designed using a computer aided design tool called Advanced System Design (ADS).ADS provide two different simulation opportunities. These are referred as schematic simulation and
electromagnetic simulation called Momentum. Schematic Simulations are performed on the proposed PA in this paper.
Keywords:- GaN-HEMT Technology, Load pull analysis, Advanced system design(ADS)
DESIGN OF 2.4 GHZ MMIC FEED FORWARD AMPLIFIER FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONSjmicro
This paper proposes a design of 0.15μm Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) power amplifier
using GaAs pHEMT technology at 2.4 GHz which employs feed forward linearization technique to improve
linearity. The amplifier is designed to operate in personal communication systems (PCS) frequency range
using WIN semiconductor GaAs pHEMT technology. Single stage power amplifier is designed in lumped
and distributed components with its layout. Linearity of PA is improved by Feed forward Linearization
technique. To evaluate the performance of proposed linearized amplifier, Advanced Design system (ADS)
tool is used. The designed circuit results with 13.65dBm output power at 1dB compression point (P1dB),
6dB power gain and maximum Power added efficiency of 16.4%. Linearity achieved by feed forward
linearizer circuit with third order intermodulation suppression of 30dBc for the output power level of
8.217dBm and 1dB compression point at an input power of 15 dBm whereas 6 dBm for the Power amplifier
without feed forward linearizer circuit. The designed Power amplifier system with feed forward linearizer
had IMD3 suppression of 30dBc which is in appreciable range with improvement in 1dB compression
point.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Design of 10 to 12 GHz Low Noise Amplifier for Ultrawideband (UWB) SystemIJECEIAES
Balanced amplifier is the structure proposed in this article, it provides better performance. In fact, the single amplifier meets the specification for noise figure and gain but fails to meet the return loss specification due to the large mis-matches on the input & outputs. To overcome this problem one solution is to use balanced amplifier topography. In this paper, a wide-band and highgain microwave balanced amplifier constituted with branch line coupler circuit is proposed. The amplifier is unconditionally stable in the band [9-13] GHz where the gain is about 20dB. The input reflection (S11) and output return loss (S22) at 11 GHz are -33.4dB and -33.5dB respectively.
A 28 GHz 0.18-μm CMOS cascade power amplifier with reverse body bias techniqueTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 μm Silterra process technology is reported. The cascade configuration has been adopted to obtain high Power Added Efficiency (PAE). To achieve low power consumption, the input stage adopts reverse body bias technique. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 32.03mW and power gain (S21) of 9.51 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 11.10 dBm and maximum PAE of 16.55% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 8.44 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.
Wireless communication system are developing rapidly, due to which new standards like WIMAX and 4G Long Term Evaluating(LTE) with a purpose of achieving high data rate result in high end applications such as high speed internet, video conferences and broadband width. These applications require mobile base stations at the transmitter as well as at receiver (T/R) to support features like multiple bands, multiple modes, higher BW and less power consumption. The design and implementation of multi-standard transceivers for wireless mobile system is very complex task. In this paper we discuss the design of a wider band Doherty Amplifier, which operational frequency of 3 GHz to 3.75 GHz.
Abstract:
This paper reports on the design of an ultra wideband power amplifier using 0.25um GaN- HEMT Technology device obtained from the Triquint Semiconductor. There is huge interest in transistors based on Gallium Nitride in recent years due to its high breakdown voltage and its capability to operate in High frequency applications. The load pull analysis is carried out to obtain both the required source and load impedances. The
power amplifier with over 10W output power and 42% power added efficiency in the frequency range of 3-5GHz is presented in this paper. The PA is designed using a computer aided design tool called Advanced System Design (ADS).ADS provide two different simulation opportunities. These are referred as schematic simulation and
electromagnetic simulation called Momentum. Schematic Simulations are performed on the proposed PA in this paper.
Keywords:- GaN-HEMT Technology, Load pull analysis, Advanced system design(ADS)
A Novel Design of a Microstrip Microwave Power Amplifier for DCS Application ...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a 1.80GHz class-A Microwave power amplifier (PA). The proposed power amplifier is designed with single-stage architecture. This power amplifier consists of a bipolar transistor and improved by Collector-Feedback Biasing fed with a single power supply. The aim of this work is to improve the performance of this amplifier by using simple stubs with 50Ω microstrip transmissions lines. The proposed PA is investigated and optimized by utilizing Advanced Design System (ADS) software. The simulation results show that the amplifier achieves a high power gain of 13dB, output power rise up to 21dBm and good impedances matching ;For the input reflection coefficient (S11) is below than - 46.39dB. Regarding the output reflection coefficient (S22) is below than -29.898dB, with an overall size of about 93 x 59mm². By the end; we find that this power amplifier offers an excellent performance for DCS applications.
Mixed Linearity Improvement Techniques for Ultra-wideband Low Noise Amplifier IJECEIAES
We present the linearization of an ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (UWB-LNA) operating from 2GHz to 11GHz through combining two linearization methods. The used linearization techniques are the combination of post-distortion cancellation and derivative-superposition linearization methods. The linearized UWB-LNA shows an improved linearity (IIP3) of +12dBm, a minimum noise figure (NF ) of 3.6dB, input and output insertion losses (S 11 and S 22 min. ) below -9dB over the entire working bandwidth, midband gain of 6dB at 5.8GHz, and overall circuit power consumption of 24mW supplied from a 1.5V voltage source. Both UWB-LNA and linearized UWB-LNA designs are verified and simulated with ADS2016.01 software using BSIM3v3 TSMC 180nm CMOS model files. In addition, the linearized UWB-LNA performance is compared with other recent state-of-the-art LNAs.
0.5GHz - 1.5GHz Bandwidth 10W GaN HEMT RF Power Amplifier Design IJECEIAES
With the current development in wireless communication technology, the need for a wide bandwith in RF power amplifier (RF PA) is an essential. In this paper, the design and simulation of 10W GaN HEMT wideband RF PA will be presented. The Source-Pull and Load-Pull technique was used to design the input and output matching network of the RF PA. From the simulation, the RF PA achieved a flat gain between 15dB to 17dB from 0.5GHz to 1.5GHz. At 1.5GHz, the drain efficiency is simulated to achieve 36% at the output power of 40 dBm while the power added efficiency (PAE) was found to be 28.2%.
This work compacts with the modeling, simulation, and application of a Fractional Order Proportional Integral Differential (FOP-I-D) controlled Cascaded Flyback Switched Mode Power Supply (CFSMPS) system. It recommends Parallel cascaded flyback converter for the production of essential DC voltage from the input supply voltage. The output from CFSMPS is regulated by using closed loop configuration. The simulation of Closed-loop Proportional-Integral (PI) and FOP-I-D controlled CFSMPS system has been done and the results of the systems are related. The outcomes signify that the FOP-I-D based system has presented an enhanced response to represent as similar to the PI controlled CFSMPS system. The FOP-I-D controlled CFSMPS system has benefits like decreased steady-state error and enhanced time-domain response.
Review on Design and Performance Analysis of Low Power Transceiver Circuit in...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This paper presents a fuzzy logic controller for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic system with reduced number of rules instead of conventional 25 rules to make the system lighter which will improve the tracking speed and reduce the static error, engendering a global performance improvements. in this work the proposed system use the power variation and current variation as inputs to simplify the calculation, the introduced controller is connected to a conventional grid and simulated with MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results shows a promising indication to adopt the introduced controller as an a good alternative to traditional MPPT system for further practical applications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Novel Configuration of a Microstrip Microwave Wideband Power Amplifier for ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
RF/microwave power amplifier (PA) is one of the components that has a large effect on the
overall performance of communication system especially in transmitter system and their design is decided
by the parameters of transistor selected. This letter presents a new concept of a wide-band microwave
amplifier using scattering parameters that is often used in the radio frequency communication systemas an
application of the active integrated antenna[1- 2]. This power amplifier operates from 1.75 GHz to 2.15GHz
frequency and it is based on AT-41410 NPN transistor that has a high transition frequency of 10GHz. The
proposed Single Stage PA is designed by microstrip technology and simulated with Advanced Design
System (ADS) software. The simulation results indicate good performances; the small power gain (S21) is
changed between 11.8 and 10dB. For the input reflection coefficient (S11) is varied between -11 and -
22.5dB. Regarding the output reflection coefficient (S22) is varied between -13.1 and -18.7dB over the
wide frequency band of 1.75-2.15GHz and stability without oscillating over a wide range of frequencies.
Enhancing the BER and ACLR for the HPA Using Pre-Distortion TechniqueIJECEIAES
Power amplifiers are key components in wireless transceivers. Their function is to amplify signal and generate the required Radio Frequency (RF) power that allows to transmit the signal over an appropriate range. The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems are highly sensitive to nonlinear distortion introduced by High Power Amplifier (HPA). The HPA nonlinearity causes in-band and out-of-band distortions. The linearization techniques are used to compensate the nonlinear effects of the high power amplifier. These techniques correct the distortion effects resulting from nonlinearities in the transmitted signal. Many linearization techniques have been developed to improve power amplifier linearity and to decrease both Bit Error Rate (BER) and Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR). This work is set to run the high power amplifier in the nonlinear region. It is also attempting to analyze the resulting signal in terms of the BER and ACLR, next employs pre-distortion linearization techniques to reduce the distortion introduced in this region. According to Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) standard the linearization techniques, circuit and the OFDM transmitter and receiver is designed and implemented through using computer simulation of AWR Design Environment.
Double feedback technique for reduction of Noise LNA with gain enhancementijceronline
In this paper we present a balun low noise amplifier (LNA) in which the gain is boosted by using a double feedback structure. The circuit is based on a conventional balun LNA with noise and distortion cancelation. The LNA is based on the combination of a common-gate (CG) stage and common-source (CS) stage. We propose to replace the load resistors by active loads, which can be used to implement local feedback loops (in the CG and CS stages). This will boost the gain and reduce the noise figure (NF). Simulation results, with a 130nm CMOS technology, show that the gain is 24dB and the NF is less than 2.7dB. The total power dissipation is only 5.4mW (since no extra blocks are required), leading to a figure-of-merit (FOM) of 3.8mW-1 using a nominal 1.2V supply. Measurement results are presented for the proposed DFBLNA included in a receiver frontend for biomedical applications (ISM and WMTS).
A 28 GHz high efficiency fully integrated 0.18 µm combined CMOS power amplifi...journalBEEI
A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 µm Silterra process technology for milimeter wave applications is reported. Maximizing the power added efficiency (PAE) and output power are achieved by optimize the circuit with power divider and cascade configuration. In addition, reverse body bias is also employed for realizing excellent PAE and power consumption. A three stage CMOS PA with power combiner is designed and simulated. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 62.56 mW and power gain (S21) of 8.08 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 12.62 dBm and maximum PAE of 23.74% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 10.85 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.
Modeling and simulation of three phases cascaded H-bridge grid-tied PV inverterjournalBEEI
In this paper a control scheme for three phase seven level cascaded H-bridge inverter for grid tied PV system is presented. As power generation from PV depends on varing environmental conditions, for extractraction of maximum power from PV array, fuzzy MPPT controller is incorporated with each PV array. It gives fast and accurate response. To maintain the grid current
sinusoidal under varying conditions, a digital PI controller scheme is adopted. A MATLAB/Simulink model is developed for this purpose and results are presented. At last THD analysis is carried out in order to validate the performance of the overall system. As discussed, with this control strategy the balanced grid current is obtained keeping THD values with in the specified range of IEEE-519 standard.
A 10 d bm 25 dbm, 0.363 mm2 two stage 130 nm rf cmos power amplifierVLSICS Design
This paper proposes a 2.4 GHz RF CMOS Power amplifi
er and variation in its main performance
parameters i.e, output power, S-parameters and powe
r added efficiency with respect to change in supply
voltage and size of the power stage transistor. The
supply voltage was varied form 1 V to 5 V and the
range
of output power at 1dB compression point was found
to be from 10.684 dBm to 25.08 dBm respectively.
The range of PAE is 16.65 % to 48.46 %. The width o
f the power stage transistor was varied from 150 μm
to 500 μm to achieve output power of range 15.47 dB
m to 20.338 dBm. The range of PAE obtained here is
29.085 % to 45.439 %. The total dimension of the la
yout comes out to be 0.714 * 0.508 mm
2
.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF 2 GHz 130nm CMOS CASCODE LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER WITH INTE...csijjournal
This work, illustrates the development of 2 GHz Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) interfaced with square truncated edge-fed right circularly polarized patch antenna. The LNA is simulated on Agilent ADS platform with TSMC 130nm RF CMOS process. The development of cascode amplifier and its optimization has been further exemplified. The developed LNA is tuned for 2 GHz and the performance is tuned for high stability factor of 4, Gain of 19 dB which is essential for any mobile device, Noise Figure (NF) of 1.15 dB with a P1dB point at -9 dBm. Further a truncated patch antenna with right circular polarization has been simulated on EMpro. The antenna has a gain of 6.1 dB in the azimuth plane. The simulated system can be further integrated to form the RF front end of TDD2000 LTE standard mobile device.
5GHz MIMO System Power Amplifier design with Adaptive Feedforward Linearizati...Ahmed Nasser Agag
- In such transceiver system, we used power amplifier stage in transmitter section and polyphase filter (PPF) in local oscillator (LO) section
- Less linearity of power amplifier causes higher order intermodulation and consequently destroys orthogonality between subcarriers in OFDM signals.
- Phase error in quadrature LO signal causes crosstalk between I and Q signals and results unavoidable demodulation errors.
Design of Low Power, High PSRR Error Amplifier for Low Drop-Out CMOS Voltage...IJEEE
This paper presents design of an improved Error amplifier (EA) for Low Drop-Out Voltage Regulator. The proposed circuit shows good behaviour as compared to the previous Error Amplifier. The Gain, Unity Gain Bandwidth, Phase Margin, CMRR and PSRR of an Error Amplifier is analysed. The proposed circuit is designed on UMC 180nm CMOS technology with supply voltage of 1.8Volts. All the simulation results are calculated through SPECTRE Simulator of cadence.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Design of Digital Predistortion Technique for RF Power Amplifier using Memory...IJERA Editor
Linearization of power amplifier has been an area of intense research from the last many years. The various types of linearization techniques are available for linearising PA but Digital Predistortion technique has been observed as one of the most common and effective method. But due to the issues like memory effects and exact characterization of non-linear behaviour of power amplifier, the implementation of existing predistortion technique suffers. So in this paper, a digital predistorter based on memory polynomial has been proposed that takes care of above mentioned issues. The presented technique is easy to implement and simple.
A Novel Design of a Microstrip Microwave Power Amplifier for DCS Application ...IJECEIAES
This paper presents a 1.80GHz class-A Microwave power amplifier (PA). The proposed power amplifier is designed with single-stage architecture. This power amplifier consists of a bipolar transistor and improved by Collector-Feedback Biasing fed with a single power supply. The aim of this work is to improve the performance of this amplifier by using simple stubs with 50Ω microstrip transmissions lines. The proposed PA is investigated and optimized by utilizing Advanced Design System (ADS) software. The simulation results show that the amplifier achieves a high power gain of 13dB, output power rise up to 21dBm and good impedances matching ;For the input reflection coefficient (S11) is below than - 46.39dB. Regarding the output reflection coefficient (S22) is below than -29.898dB, with an overall size of about 93 x 59mm². By the end; we find that this power amplifier offers an excellent performance for DCS applications.
Mixed Linearity Improvement Techniques for Ultra-wideband Low Noise Amplifier IJECEIAES
We present the linearization of an ultra-wideband low noise amplifier (UWB-LNA) operating from 2GHz to 11GHz through combining two linearization methods. The used linearization techniques are the combination of post-distortion cancellation and derivative-superposition linearization methods. The linearized UWB-LNA shows an improved linearity (IIP3) of +12dBm, a minimum noise figure (NF ) of 3.6dB, input and output insertion losses (S 11 and S 22 min. ) below -9dB over the entire working bandwidth, midband gain of 6dB at 5.8GHz, and overall circuit power consumption of 24mW supplied from a 1.5V voltage source. Both UWB-LNA and linearized UWB-LNA designs are verified and simulated with ADS2016.01 software using BSIM3v3 TSMC 180nm CMOS model files. In addition, the linearized UWB-LNA performance is compared with other recent state-of-the-art LNAs.
0.5GHz - 1.5GHz Bandwidth 10W GaN HEMT RF Power Amplifier Design IJECEIAES
With the current development in wireless communication technology, the need for a wide bandwith in RF power amplifier (RF PA) is an essential. In this paper, the design and simulation of 10W GaN HEMT wideband RF PA will be presented. The Source-Pull and Load-Pull technique was used to design the input and output matching network of the RF PA. From the simulation, the RF PA achieved a flat gain between 15dB to 17dB from 0.5GHz to 1.5GHz. At 1.5GHz, the drain efficiency is simulated to achieve 36% at the output power of 40 dBm while the power added efficiency (PAE) was found to be 28.2%.
This work compacts with the modeling, simulation, and application of a Fractional Order Proportional Integral Differential (FOP-I-D) controlled Cascaded Flyback Switched Mode Power Supply (CFSMPS) system. It recommends Parallel cascaded flyback converter for the production of essential DC voltage from the input supply voltage. The output from CFSMPS is regulated by using closed loop configuration. The simulation of Closed-loop Proportional-Integral (PI) and FOP-I-D controlled CFSMPS system has been done and the results of the systems are related. The outcomes signify that the FOP-I-D based system has presented an enhanced response to represent as similar to the PI controlled CFSMPS system. The FOP-I-D controlled CFSMPS system has benefits like decreased steady-state error and enhanced time-domain response.
Review on Design and Performance Analysis of Low Power Transceiver Circuit in...iosrjce
IOSR Journal of Electronics and Communication Engineering(IOSR-JECE) is a double blind peer reviewed International Journal that provides rapid publication (within a month) of articles in all areas of electronics and communication engineering and its applications. The journal welcomes publications of high quality papers on theoretical developments and practical applications in electronics and communication engineering. Original research papers, state-of-the-art reviews, and high quality technical notes are invited for publications.
This paper presents a fuzzy logic controller for maximum power point tracking (MPPT) in photovoltaic system with reduced number of rules instead of conventional 25 rules to make the system lighter which will improve the tracking speed and reduce the static error, engendering a global performance improvements. in this work the proposed system use the power variation and current variation as inputs to simplify the calculation, the introduced controller is connected to a conventional grid and simulated with MATLAB/SIMULINK. The simulation results shows a promising indication to adopt the introduced controller as an a good alternative to traditional MPPT system for further practical applications.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
A Novel Configuration of a Microstrip Microwave Wideband Power Amplifier for ...TELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
RF/microwave power amplifier (PA) is one of the components that has a large effect on the
overall performance of communication system especially in transmitter system and their design is decided
by the parameters of transistor selected. This letter presents a new concept of a wide-band microwave
amplifier using scattering parameters that is often used in the radio frequency communication systemas an
application of the active integrated antenna[1- 2]. This power amplifier operates from 1.75 GHz to 2.15GHz
frequency and it is based on AT-41410 NPN transistor that has a high transition frequency of 10GHz. The
proposed Single Stage PA is designed by microstrip technology and simulated with Advanced Design
System (ADS) software. The simulation results indicate good performances; the small power gain (S21) is
changed between 11.8 and 10dB. For the input reflection coefficient (S11) is varied between -11 and -
22.5dB. Regarding the output reflection coefficient (S22) is varied between -13.1 and -18.7dB over the
wide frequency band of 1.75-2.15GHz and stability without oscillating over a wide range of frequencies.
Enhancing the BER and ACLR for the HPA Using Pre-Distortion TechniqueIJECEIAES
Power amplifiers are key components in wireless transceivers. Their function is to amplify signal and generate the required Radio Frequency (RF) power that allows to transmit the signal over an appropriate range. The Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems are highly sensitive to nonlinear distortion introduced by High Power Amplifier (HPA). The HPA nonlinearity causes in-band and out-of-band distortions. The linearization techniques are used to compensate the nonlinear effects of the high power amplifier. These techniques correct the distortion effects resulting from nonlinearities in the transmitted signal. Many linearization techniques have been developed to improve power amplifier linearity and to decrease both Bit Error Rate (BER) and Adjacent Channel Leakage Ratio (ACLR). This work is set to run the high power amplifier in the nonlinear region. It is also attempting to analyze the resulting signal in terms of the BER and ACLR, next employs pre-distortion linearization techniques to reduce the distortion introduced in this region. According to Digital Video Broadcasting-Terrestrial (DVB-T) standard the linearization techniques, circuit and the OFDM transmitter and receiver is designed and implemented through using computer simulation of AWR Design Environment.
Double feedback technique for reduction of Noise LNA with gain enhancementijceronline
In this paper we present a balun low noise amplifier (LNA) in which the gain is boosted by using a double feedback structure. The circuit is based on a conventional balun LNA with noise and distortion cancelation. The LNA is based on the combination of a common-gate (CG) stage and common-source (CS) stage. We propose to replace the load resistors by active loads, which can be used to implement local feedback loops (in the CG and CS stages). This will boost the gain and reduce the noise figure (NF). Simulation results, with a 130nm CMOS technology, show that the gain is 24dB and the NF is less than 2.7dB. The total power dissipation is only 5.4mW (since no extra blocks are required), leading to a figure-of-merit (FOM) of 3.8mW-1 using a nominal 1.2V supply. Measurement results are presented for the proposed DFBLNA included in a receiver frontend for biomedical applications (ISM and WMTS).
A 28 GHz high efficiency fully integrated 0.18 µm combined CMOS power amplifi...journalBEEI
A 28 GHz power amplifier (PA) using CMOS 0.18 µm Silterra process technology for milimeter wave applications is reported. Maximizing the power added efficiency (PAE) and output power are achieved by optimize the circuit with power divider and cascade configuration. In addition, reverse body bias is also employed for realizing excellent PAE and power consumption. A three stage CMOS PA with power combiner is designed and simulated. The simulation results show that the proposed PA consumes 62.56 mW and power gain (S21) of 8.08 dB is achieved at 28 GHz. The PA achieves saturated power (Psat) of 12.62 dBm and maximum PAE of 23.74% with output 1-dB compression point (OP1dB) 10.85 dBm. These results demonstrate the proposed power amplifier architecture is suitable for 5G applications.
Modeling and simulation of three phases cascaded H-bridge grid-tied PV inverterjournalBEEI
In this paper a control scheme for three phase seven level cascaded H-bridge inverter for grid tied PV system is presented. As power generation from PV depends on varing environmental conditions, for extractraction of maximum power from PV array, fuzzy MPPT controller is incorporated with each PV array. It gives fast and accurate response. To maintain the grid current
sinusoidal under varying conditions, a digital PI controller scheme is adopted. A MATLAB/Simulink model is developed for this purpose and results are presented. At last THD analysis is carried out in order to validate the performance of the overall system. As discussed, with this control strategy the balanced grid current is obtained keeping THD values with in the specified range of IEEE-519 standard.
A 10 d bm 25 dbm, 0.363 mm2 two stage 130 nm rf cmos power amplifierVLSICS Design
This paper proposes a 2.4 GHz RF CMOS Power amplifi
er and variation in its main performance
parameters i.e, output power, S-parameters and powe
r added efficiency with respect to change in supply
voltage and size of the power stage transistor. The
supply voltage was varied form 1 V to 5 V and the
range
of output power at 1dB compression point was found
to be from 10.684 dBm to 25.08 dBm respectively.
The range of PAE is 16.65 % to 48.46 %. The width o
f the power stage transistor was varied from 150 μm
to 500 μm to achieve output power of range 15.47 dB
m to 20.338 dBm. The range of PAE obtained here is
29.085 % to 45.439 %. The total dimension of the la
yout comes out to be 0.714 * 0.508 mm
2
.
DESIGN AND ANALYSIS OF 2 GHz 130nm CMOS CASCODE LOW NOISE AMPLIFIER WITH INTE...csijjournal
This work, illustrates the development of 2 GHz Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) interfaced with square truncated edge-fed right circularly polarized patch antenna. The LNA is simulated on Agilent ADS platform with TSMC 130nm RF CMOS process. The development of cascode amplifier and its optimization has been further exemplified. The developed LNA is tuned for 2 GHz and the performance is tuned for high stability factor of 4, Gain of 19 dB which is essential for any mobile device, Noise Figure (NF) of 1.15 dB with a P1dB point at -9 dBm. Further a truncated patch antenna with right circular polarization has been simulated on EMpro. The antenna has a gain of 6.1 dB in the azimuth plane. The simulated system can be further integrated to form the RF front end of TDD2000 LTE standard mobile device.
5GHz MIMO System Power Amplifier design with Adaptive Feedforward Linearizati...Ahmed Nasser Agag
- In such transceiver system, we used power amplifier stage in transmitter section and polyphase filter (PPF) in local oscillator (LO) section
- Less linearity of power amplifier causes higher order intermodulation and consequently destroys orthogonality between subcarriers in OFDM signals.
- Phase error in quadrature LO signal causes crosstalk between I and Q signals and results unavoidable demodulation errors.
Design of Low Power, High PSRR Error Amplifier for Low Drop-Out CMOS Voltage...IJEEE
This paper presents design of an improved Error amplifier (EA) for Low Drop-Out Voltage Regulator. The proposed circuit shows good behaviour as compared to the previous Error Amplifier. The Gain, Unity Gain Bandwidth, Phase Margin, CMRR and PSRR of an Error Amplifier is analysed. The proposed circuit is designed on UMC 180nm CMOS technology with supply voltage of 1.8Volts. All the simulation results are calculated through SPECTRE Simulator of cadence.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
Design of Digital Predistortion Technique for RF Power Amplifier using Memory...IJERA Editor
Linearization of power amplifier has been an area of intense research from the last many years. The various types of linearization techniques are available for linearising PA but Digital Predistortion technique has been observed as one of the most common and effective method. But due to the issues like memory effects and exact characterization of non-linear behaviour of power amplifier, the implementation of existing predistortion technique suffers. So in this paper, a digital predistorter based on memory polynomial has been proposed that takes care of above mentioned issues. The presented technique is easy to implement and simple.
The International Journal of Engineering and Science (The IJES)theijes
The International Journal of Engineering & Science is aimed at providing a platform for researchers, engineers, scientists, or educators to publish their original research results, to exchange new ideas, to disseminate information in innovative designs, engineering experiences and technological skills. It is also the Journal's objective to promote engineering and technology education. All papers submitted to the Journal will be blind peer-reviewed. Only original articles will be published.
Review on 75 305 Ghz Power Amplifier MMIC with 10 14.9 dBm Pout in a 35 nm In...ijtsrd
The broadband power amplifier monolithic microwave ICs with an operating frequency of more than 200 GHz is demonstrated. It is fabricated in a 35 nm gate length metamorphic high electron mobility transistor. The power amplifier produces a minimum output power of 10 dBm with an average value of 12.8 dBm at 75 to 305 GHz. A peak output power of 14.9 dBm and power added efficiency of 6.6 is obtained at 200 GHz. Padmam Kaimal "Review on 75-305 Ghz Power Amplifier MMIC with 10-14.9 dBm Pout in a 35-nm InGaAs mHEMT Technology" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-6 | Issue-2 , February 2022, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd49251.pdf Paper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/49251/review-on-75305-ghz-power-amplifier-mmic-with-10149-dbm-pout-in-a-35nm-ingaas-mhemt-technology/padmam-kaimal
In grid connected system, unity power factor current injection into the grid is vital. This can be achieved by choosing the right inverter topology, passive filter components, current controllers, and PWM switching scheme. This paper compares the output current harmonics profile between when using the conventional proportional resonant (PR) current controller and when using the modified PR current controller. By applying the latter technique, via experimental validation using TMS320F2812, the THD of the injected grid current in a parallel connected inverters system is improved.
Harmonic Mitigation Method for the DC-AC Converter in a Single Phase SystemIJTET Journal
This project suggest a sine-wave modulation technique is to achieve a low total harmonic distortion of Buck-Boost converter connected to a changing polarity inverter in a system. The suggested technique improves the harmonic content of the output. In addition, a proportional-resonant Integral controller is used along with harmonic compensation techniques for eliminating the DC component in the system. Also, the performance of the Proposed controller is analyzed when it connecting to the converter. The design of Buck-Boost converter is fed by modulated sine wave Pulse width modulation technique are proposed to mitigate the low order harmonics and to control the output current. So, that the output complies within the standard limit without use of low pass filter.
LOW POWER SI CLASS E POWER AMPLIFIER AND RF SWITCH FOR HEALTH CAREieijjournal1
This research was to design a 2.4 GHz class E Power Amplifier (PA) for health care, with 0.18um
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation CMOS technology by using Cadence software.
And also RF switch was designed at cadence software with power Jazz 180nm SOI process. The ultimate
goal for such application is to reach high performance and low cost, and between high performance and
low power consumption design. This paper introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class E power amplifier and
RF switch design. PA consists of cascade stage with negative capacitance. This power amplifier can
transmit 16dBm output power to a 50Ω load. The performance of the power amplifier and switch meet the
specification requirements of the desired.
LOW POWER SI CLASS E POWER AMPLIFIER AND RF SWITCH FOR HEALTH CAREieijjournal
This research was to design a 2.4 GHz class E Power Amplifier (PA) for health care, with 0.18um
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation CMOS technology by using Cadence software.
And also RF switch was designed at cadence software with power Jazz 180nm SOI process. The ultimate goal for such application is to reach high performance and low cost, and between high performance and low power consumption design. This paper introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class E power amplifier and
RF switch design. PA consists of cascade stage with negative capacitance. This power amplifier can
transmit 16dBm output power to a 50Ω load. The performance of the power amplifier and switch meet the specification requirements of the desired.
LOW POWER SI CLASS E POWER AMPLIFIER AND RF SWITCH FOR HEALTH CAREieijjournal
This research was to design a 2.4 GHz class E Power Amplifier (PA) for health care, with 0.18um
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation CMOS technology by using Cadence software.
And also RF switch was designed at cadence software with power Jazz 180nm SOI process. The ultimate
goal for such application is to reach high performance and low cost, and between high performance and
low power consumption design. This paper introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class E power amplifier and
RF switch design. PA consists of cascade stage with negative capacitance. This power amplifier can
transmit 16dBm output power to a 50Ω load. The performance of the power amplifier and switch meet the
specification requirements of the desired
LOW POWER SI CLASS E POWER AMPLIFIER AND RF SWITCH FOR HEALTH CAREieijjournal
This research was to design a 2.4 GHz class E Power Amplifier (PA) for health care, with 0.18um
Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation CMOS technology by using Cadence software.
And also RF switch was designed at cadence software with power Jazz 180nm SOI process. The ultimate
goal for such application is to reach high performance and low cost, and between high performance and
low power consumption design. This paper introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class E power amplifier and RF switch design. PA consists of cascade stage with negative capacitance. This power amplifier can transmit 16dBm output power to a 50Ω load. The performance of the power amplifier and switch meet the specification requirements of the desired.
Low Power SI Class E Power Amplifier and Rf Switch for Health Careieijjournal1
This research was to design a 2.4 GHz class E Power Amplifier (PA) for health care, with 0.18um Semiconductor Manufacturing International Corporation CMOS technology by using Cadence software. And also RF switch was designed at cadence software with power Jazz 180nm SOI process. The ultimate goal for such application is to reach high performance and low cost, and between high performance and low power consumption design. This paper introduces the design of a 2.4GHz class E power amplifier and RF switch design. PA consists of cascade stage with negative capacitance. This power amplifier can transmit 16dBm output power to a 50Ω load. The performance of the power amplifier and switch meet the specification requirements of the desired.
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About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
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Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
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Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
DESIGN OF 2.4 GHZ MMIC FEED FORWARD AMPLIFIER FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS
1. International Journal Of Microwave Engineering (JMICRO) Vol.5, No.2, April 2019
DOI : 10.5121/Jmicro.2019.5201 1
DESIGN OF 2.4 GHZ MMIC FEED FORWARD
AMPLIFIER FOR WIRELESS APPLICATIONS
P.Shanthi1
and J.S.Baligar2
1
Department of Telecommunication Engineering, R.V.College of Engineering,
Bengaluru, India
2
Department of Electronics & Communication, Dr.AIT, Bengaluru, India
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a design of 0.15μm Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuit (MMIC) power amplifier
using GaAs pHEMT technology at 2.4 GHz which employs feed forward linearization technique to improve
linearity. The amplifier is designed to operate in personal communication systems (PCS) frequency range
using WIN semiconductor GaAs pHEMT technology. Single stage power amplifier is designed in lumped
and distributed components with its layout. Linearity of PA is improved by Feed forward Linearization
technique. To evaluate the performance of proposed linearized amplifier, Advanced Design system (ADS)
tool is used. The designed circuit results with 13.65dBm output power at 1dB compression point (P1dB),
6dB power gain and maximum Power added efficiency of 16.4%. Linearity achieved by feed forward
linearizer circuit with third order intermodulation suppression of 30dBc for the output power level of
8.217dBm and 1dB compression point at an input power of 15 dBm whereas 6 dBm for the Power amplifier
without feed forward linearizer circuit. The designed Power amplifier system with feed forward linearizer
had IMD3 suppression of 30dBc which is in appreciable range with improvement in 1dB compression
point.
KEYWORDS
Power amplifier, Feed forward, Intermodulation, Third order Intermodulation, Power added Efficiency
1. INTRODUCTION
The performance of a wireless system over which the communication takes place is decided
based on transmitter; receiver and communication medium. The nonlinear elements used for a
linear purpose will generate nonlinear distortion which leads to spectral regrowth. The design of
PA linearizing and efficiency improvement schemes, and architectures is attracting much
attention in recent years. The attempts to reduce the effective PA compression and phase
variation effects to meet air interface specifications, while maximizing the PA efficiency is being
carried on. Few Included among them are feed forward, envelope elimination and restoration
(EER), Cartesian feedback, and Pre distortion techniques. A feed-forward mitigation algorithm
with an adaptive filter implemented and applied real time measurements [1],To improve better
efficiency and linearity, PA linearization technique is inevitable[2].
The paper [3] discussed a feed forward linearization technique implemented on a PA at 2 GHz
which results with third order intermodulation suppression of 108dBm. A new technique explored
with a combination of feed forward and predistortion method results with better linearity [4].
Linear and wide band characteristics by feed forward linearization technique achieved, where the
circuitry is complex with an auxiliary error amplifier and passive control circuits [5]. The author
discusses the Modified quasi memory less nonlinear Saleh model for implementation of power
amplifier which is done using Simulink [6]. The paper [7] executed a feed forward amplifier with
2. International Journal Of Microwave Engineering (JMICRO) Vol.5, No.2, April 2019
2
adaptive network implemented using Advanced design systems for wireless communication
applications. An ANN based controller is trained to handle all the mappings associated with the
inputs and the corresponding outputs associated with all the controllers of the UPFC [8].
Simulations are performed in the MATLAB / SIMULINK environment. Feed forward
Linearization techniques results in higher level of intermodulation cancellation of all products
with wider bandwidths and stability over other linearization methods.
A methodology for precise balance of amplitude and Phase with the loops of feed forward
amplifier is exhibited for perfect intermodulation cancellation. The implementation of digital
control of feed forward amplifiers reduces the sensitivity to amplitude or phase shift [9].
2. FEED FORWARD SYSTEM
A typical feed forward system as in Figure1 involves two loops. The first loop is signal
cancellation loop which samples input signal by a coupler which then amplified by the main
amplifier with a time delay.
Figure1. Feed forward system
Feed forward was invented for distortion reduction in amplifiers by Black. The second loop
called distortion cancellation loop comprises of an error amplifier, couplers and delay element.
The input signal is splitted into two identical signals by power splitter, with one signal directed to
main PA while the other signal enters a delay component. The upper path signal is amplified by
the main amplifier whose inherent nonlinearity results in intermodulation components. This
signal is sampled and attenuated by attenuator and then added with delayed input signal. The gain
of error amplifier decides amplification factor which cancels out the distortion components
present in main amplifier output. The directional coupler is fed with error amplifier output. This
coupler is fed with another input which is the delayed main-path signal both in time and phase.
The cancellation accuracy of the main signal in the first loop and error signal cancellation from
the output of coupler-combiner determines the quality of operation of the linearizer system.
Higher linearity is achieved when the insertion losses of power splitters and combiners total about
30% of output power of PA.
The equation that describes the output of Feed forward linearizer is,
𝑉𝑜𝑢𝑡( 𝑡) =
𝐴1
2
𝑉𝑖𝑛( 𝑡) 𝑒−𝑗𝜔(𝜏1+𝜏2)
(1)
3. International Journal Of Microwave Engineering (JMICRO) Vol.5, No.2, April 2019
3
Where A1 is the main power amplifier gain,τ1 and τ2 is the delay associated with main power
amplifier and error amplifier and Vin is the input signal.
A variable phase shifter is used to adjust the phase of PA output by taking the input reference.
The delay line in error cancellation branch is used to achieve wider bandwidth and takes care for
main amplifier group delay by time aligning the main power amplifier output and reference
signal.
2.1. DESIGN OF POWER AMPLIFIER
The pHEMT technology provides excellent low-noise properties due to high transconductance
and better electron mobility. Power amplifier is designed using 0.15µm GaAs pHEMT.
Transconductance Gm is increased by proper choice of biasing point which improves gain of PA.
The bias point is selected from transfer characteristics, at Vds of 3V and Vgs of 0V, with drain
current of 398mA. Figure 2 shows the schematic of single stage PA.
Figure 2.Schematic of single stage PA using WIN components
3. SIMULATION AND RESULTS
One tone simulation and two tone simulation is performed. The Rollet factor K>1, makes the
amplifier unconditionally stable. PA circuit with distributed components designed and simulated.
At an input power of 13dBm and output power of 16.8dBm, Power added efficiency of 16.77% is
obtained as in Figure 3.
4. International Journal Of Microwave Engineering (JMICRO) Vol.5, No.2, April 2019
4
Figure 3.PAE and output power versus input power Figure 4. 1dB compression point
The output power of 14.5dBm at 1dB compression point (P1dB) at an input power of 9dB
obtained as in Figure 5.The two-tone test is performed at frequencies of f1=2.404 GHz and
f2=2.414GHz.The layout is constructed with components from WIN foundry as in Figure 5.
Figure.5. Complete layout of 2.4 GHz PA
4. DESIGN OF FEED FORWARD LINEARIZER
Feed forward linearizer circuit comprises of passive elements and Power amplifier as in shown in
Figure 6. Feed forward system of proper design is proven to provide a better IMD3 suppression1.
The Power dividers with micro strip lines are constructed with MLIN, MCURVE and MTEE. The
MSUB has been chosen to be as H=10.0 mil, Ɛr=9.6 which refer to the layout design. The
Coupled line coupler with 10dB coupling loss is constructed with microstripline MCLIN which is
simulated.
5. International Journal Of Microwave Engineering (JMICRO) Vol.5, No.2, April 2019
5
Figure 6. Feed forward amplifier circuit
Power amplifier without and with linearization are compared from the simulation results. The
feed forward linearized amplifier resulted with third order intermodulation cancellation of 30dBc
for an output power level of 8.217dBm as in Figure.7.
Figure. 7 Output power comparison of PA with Linearization (marker m7) and without linearization
(marker m8)
The output power of linearized feed forward amplifier improved by 9dBm compared to 15dBm
output power of PA without linearization. There is 6dBm improvement in input power for 1dB
compression point for linearized circuit whereas it is 9dBm for PA without linearization. As
shown in Table.1
Table.1: Comparison of results
Technology Class-E power amplifier @2.4
GHz
Output
power
(dBm)
Input power @1dB
compression
point(dBm)
0.15μm
pHEMT
Before Linearization 15 9
After feed forward
Linearization
24 15
6. International Journal Of Microwave Engineering (JMICRO) Vol.5, No.2, April 2019
6
5. CONCLUSIONS
A Feed forward linearized power amplifier is designed and presented. The layout is implemented
using 0.15μm WIN GaAs pHEMT Technology. The simulated design resulted with a linear gain
of 8.58dB, The O1dB of 14.59dBm and PAE of 16.77%. Linearization helps to achieve 30dB
improvement in carrier to interference ratio(C/I) and 1dB compression point achieved at an input
power of 15 dBm rather than 6 dBm in PA without Feed forward Linearizer.
REFERENCES
[1] Swapnil parashuram kulkarni, M.R.Madki,Feedforward Linearization Technique to Reduce
Intermodulation Distortion and Spurious Free Dynamic Range(SFDR) Measurements, International
journal of Innovative research and Technology, Vol 3(11), Pp.no: 235 – 239,Nov 2017.
[2] Kevin W. Kobayashi. An 8-W 250-MHz to 3-GHz Decade-Bandwidth Low-Noise GaN MMIC
Feedback Amplifier With +51-dBm OIP3. IEEE Journal of solid-state circuits. oct. 2012, 1(10), pp.
2316-2326
[3] Amanpreet Kaur, Rajbir Kaur. Reducing the Third order Intermodulation distortion by Feed forward
Linearization of Power amplifier. International Journal of Advanced Research in computer and
communication Engineering. 2016, vol (5) pp.294-297
[4] Muhammad Taher Abdullah M.T. Abuelmaatti, Tk.Yeung and G.Parkinson Linearization of GaN
Power Amplifier Using Feed forward and Predistortion Techniques, Proceedings of 3rd IEEE Asia
Symposium on Quality Electronic Design, 2011, pp.282-287
[5] Honarvar M.A, Moghaddasi, Eskandari. Power Amplifier Linearization Using Feed forward
Technique for Wide Band Communication System, Proceedings of IEEE International Symposium on
Radio-Frequency Integration Technology. 2009, pp.72-75
[6] Amandeep Singh Sappal, Manjit Singh Patterh, Sanjay Sharma. Mathematical Modelling of Power
Amplifier with Memory Effects. Indian Journal of Science and Technology.2009, 2(3), pp. 22-23
[7] Katragadda Tejaswi, P. Shanthi Design and Simulation of adaptive feed forward linear power
amplifier for wireless communication, International Journal of Electronics and computer science
Engineering, 2015, 4(1),pp.44-49
[8] Rani Fathima K. A, Raghavendiran T. A. A Novel Intelligent Unified Controller for the Management
of the Unified Power Flow Controller (UPFC) Using a Single Back Propagation Feed forward
Artificial Neural Network. Indian Journal of Science and Technology, 2014 Jan, 7(8), pp.1155-1169
[9] Muthana Kallil Ibrahim. Feed forward Linearization of a Power Amplifier for Wireless
Communication Systems. Journal of Babylon University/Engineering Sciences. 2013, 21(4), pp. 1183-
1193
AUTHORS
She completed her M.Tech in 2006 and submitted her PhD Thesis on Linearization
of MMIC Power amplifiers under Vishvesvarya Technological University,
Belgaum, Karnataka. Her areas of interest are RF circuit Design, MMIC design,
Analog VLSI and antennas. She is currently working as Assistant Professor in the
department of Telecommunication Engineering, R.V.College of Engineering,
7. International Journal Of Microwave Engineering (JMICRO) Vol.5, No.2, April 2019
7
Bengaluru, Karnataka, India. She has served as the reviewer for IEEE microwave and component letters
and International journal of microwave and wireless technologies.
Dr.Baligar completed his PhD in Electronic Science in 2003 from Bangalore
University, Bengaluru. His field of Interest are VLSI circuits, RF circuits and
Microstrip Antennas. He is currently working as Associate Professor in ECE
dept. at Dr.AIT, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India