The document details the design and fabrication of a loop wheel bicycle, emphasizing its integral suspension system that enhances ride comfort and performance. It discusses the methodology, including CAD modeling and ANSYS analysis for stress and deformation, as well as the advantages and limitations of loop wheels compared to conventional spoked wheels. Future applications and improvements in cycling and other vehicles are also suggested.

2. Content
 What Is Loop Wheel?
 Problem Statement
 Objective
 Literature Review
 Working Principle
 Main Components Of Loop Wheel
 Methodology
 Design Of Loop Wheel
 Cad Model Of Loop Wheel
 Ansys Analysis
 Cost Estimation
 Advantages And Limitations
 Future Scope
 Conclusion
 Reference

3. WHAT IS LOOP WHEEL?
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
A Loop wheel is a wheel with integral suspension,
designed to reduce vibration and increase performance and
provide greater comfort

4. Problem Definition
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
In the conventional bicycles there less any type of suspension
system. The spokes attached to rim has less load bearing capacity for
special purpose cycles.
The aim of the project is to design new type of wheel with
hub, rim and tyre to provide suspension as well as to support rim and
provide better bearing capacity.

5. OBJECTIVE
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
To improve suspension of bicycle with good stability,
To give better shock absorbing performance,
To give smoother ride,
To expand load bearing capacity.

6. Literature Review
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Reference Author Related Work Claimed by Author
Gulur Siddarammana &
Shiva Shankar, 2011
Introduction to composite
fibre in leaf spring
Single leaf with variable thickness
& width for constant cross
sectional area
Pankaj Saini & Ashish
Goel, 2013
Reduction of weight of
frame increasing strength of
spare parts
Strength of material used &
following Criterion of maximum
stress failure on vehicle.
P.Bhaskar & S.Moulali,
2013
Study of Ansys software on
loopwheel
Deflection, weight and cost of
composite leaf spring is less
compared to steel leaf spring

7. Literature Review
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Reference Author Related Work Claimed by Author
Tharigonda Niranjan Babu,
2014
Reduction of weight &
Modification of conventional
wheel
Spokes of a conventional wheels replaced
with carbon fibre loops & Loop wheel
weighs only about 300g more than its
spoke equivalent
Lakhan Agrawal, 2017 Self balancing system Spring system between the hub and the rim
of the wheel continuously adjusts to
uneven terrain & three loops in every
wheel work along as a self-correcting
system.
A. D. Diwate, 2018 Material used for loopwheel Loop wheel springs are usually made up of
a composite material carefully developed
to offer optimum compression and lateral
stability as well as strength and durability

8. WORKING PRINCIPLE
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
 Loop wheel has three carbon composite springs/strips which work as suspension
system.
 The spring system of these three between cycle’s hub and rim of the wheel provides
constant suspension to uneven terrain and potholes in the road, cushioning the rider
from bumps.
 The strips arrangement allows the torque to be transferred smoothly between the hub
and the rim. Each wheel has a regular hub with a hub brake and hub gearing.
 The hub floats between the rim and adjusting constantly as bumps and shocks from
the uneven surface hit the rim of the wheel.
Conventional Wheel
Suspension
Loop Wheel
Suspension

9. DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SPOKED WHEELS AND LOOP WHEELS
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis

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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Hub
hub floats within the rim, adjusting constantly
to uneven land in the road
Hub remain constant w.r.t. rim
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SPOKED WHEELS AND LOOP WHEELS

11. MAIN COMPONENTS OF LOOP WHEEL
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Bicycle
Tyr
e
Wheel rim
Loop spring
Wheel
hub
Figure - Components
used
1) Bicycle-
Company- hero
Model -cyclone 26T
Weight-14kg
2) Tyre-
It gives better vehicle performance by providing a
flexible cushion
3) Wheel rim-
Outer edge of a wheel, holding the tire

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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Wheel rim
Loop spring
Wheel hub
4) Loop spring-
 It is a simple form of spring commonly used for the suspension in wheeled
vehicles
 The material used for leaf springs is a plain carbon steel having 0.90 to 1.0%
carbon. C20
 A leaf spring or loop spring is attached to the triangular hub at both ends with
help of bolts
5) Triangular wheel hub-
 The triangular hub is the central part of your a bicycle wheels (front and rear),
 which connects to the wheel’s rim via the loop spring and through which the axle
is fitted.
MAIN COMPONENTS OF LOOP WHEEL

13. METHODOLOGY
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
1) Step 1- Design-
 The main target was to achieve the desired deflections in the loop
spring for a particular weight of driver and impact forces coming from
ground and lateral forces while cornering.
 In design we calculate -
a) Thickness of springs
b) Maximum deflection in loop
2) Step 2- Cad model and ansys analysis-
 We make cad model in soilworks software for overview of project
 we check deformation of 3 loops by ansys software.

14. METHODOLOGY
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
3) Step 3- Manufacturing-
a) loop spring-
 First we need to cut C20 stripes in 3 parts of desired dimension
 Then we create the loop shape by performing bending operation.
b) triangle hub-
 First we cut the 3 strips (l=170mm) and weld it on the circular hub and make a triangle shape.
 To manufacture the hub first we need a round bar as a raw material.
 Then we do turning operation to get a perfect diameter of hub. (d=100mm)
 Next we need to drill and boar it to fit axle in hub(10-15mm)

15. DESIGN OF LOOP SPRING
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
3.1) Material used-
3.1.1) Material used for spring:- C20 material
3.1.2) Material Properties:-
Tensile strength = 560N/mm2
E= 200MPa
σ max = 560/2=280 N/mm2
3.2) Calculation for total weight on each wheel
Consider,
weight of person = 72kg
weight of cycle = 14kg
Total weight on both wheel = weight of person + weight of cycle
= 72+14
= 86 kg

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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Total weight on each wheel = Total weight on both wheel / 2
= 86/2
=43kg
3.3) Calculation for total load on each wheel (F)
Load on each wheel due to weight = w = 43×9.81 = 421.83N
Total load on each wheel,= F = w
= 421.83 N
3.4) Calculation for dimension of loop spring
3.4.1) width (b)- The width of the leaf material was kept as 25.4mm as it
cannot be more than the width of the wheel.
DESIGN OF LOOP SPRING

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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
.
3.4.2) thickness (t)-
For determining the thickness of the Leaf, let us consider it as a
cantilevered
Major axis loop (L) =300mm (12inch)
Minor axis loop (h) =195mm (7.8inch)
σ𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
3𝐹𝐿
2𝑛𝑏𝑡2
280 =
3×421.83×300
2×1×25.4×𝑡2
t = 5.4mm
DESIGN OF LOOP SPRING

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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
3.5) Calculation of maximum deflection
𝛿𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
3𝐹𝐿3
8𝐸𝑛𝑏𝑡3
δ𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
3×421.83×3003
8×2×105×1×25.4×5.43
δ𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 5.32𝑚𝑚
Above calculations were done considering half portion of spring hence total
deflection would be = 5.32×2 = 10.64mm
DESIGN OF LOOP SPRING

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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
σ𝑚𝑎𝑥=
𝑀𝑌
I
σ𝑚𝑎𝑥=
𝑀
Z
σ𝑚𝑎𝑥=
𝐹
2
∗
𝐿
2
𝑏𝑡2
6
σ𝑚𝑎𝑥 =
3𝐹𝐿
2𝑛𝑏𝑡2
DESIGN OF LOOP SPRING

20. Sketch of Loop Wheel
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis

21. CAD MODEL
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis

22. ANSYS ANALYSIS
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
ANSYS THEORETICAL
Maximum
Deformation
10.708mm 10.64mm

23. Cost estimation
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Operation Machine Time in Min
(Approx.)
Machining
Cost/Hour
Total Cost
Cutting Angle Grinder 60 100 100
Drilling Radial Drilling M/C 30 100 50
Welding Arc Welding
M/C
120 100 200
Grooving Angle Grinder 20 100 30
Bending Metal Sheet
Bending Machine
30 150 75
Total Cost 415
Estimated Machining Cost:

24. Cost estimation
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Estimated Overall Cost:
Component Cost + Machining Cost + Labour cost + Travelling Cost
= 7,475 + 415 + 300 + 200
= 8,390

25. Advantages and Limitations
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
ADVANTAGES
• Loop wheel provide tangential suspension, meaning
they work in every direction
• Loop are capable of holding more tension compare to
spoke wheel hence it does not suffer buckling
• Great shock absorbing ability
• Extremely stronger then spoke wheel
LIMITATIONS
• Material cost is High
• Unstable in bikes,heavy vehicles

26. FUTURE SCOPE
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
Loop wheel is the wheel that can sustain the durability of the wheel to large extent
compared to spoke wheel and also due to its self balancing abilities it will give more stability and
comfort during ride thus make the ride smooth. Accordingly we might see some of these wheel in
cycles and wheelchairs in upcoming days .

27. Conclusions
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Design And Fabrication Of Loop Wheel Bicycle With Ansys Analysis
In these project of loop wheel we have faced ups and downs during consideration
of these wheel in normal cycle and after considering the limitations we have designed the
wheel for 70 kg of individual and also the results obtain theoretically are safe and we will
observe the deformations using ansys software.

28. References
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Experimental Investigation of Heat Transfer Enhancement Using Rotary Twisted Tapes
Papers
 GulurSiddaramanna, Shiva Shankar and SambagamVijayarangan, “Mono Composite Leaf Spring for Light Weight Vehicle – Design, End Joint
Analysis and Testing”, MATERIALS SCIENCE (MEDŽIAGOTYRA), ISSN 1392–1320, Vol. 12, Issue No. 3. 2006, PP 220-225.
 Pankaj Saini, Ashish Goel and Dushyant Kumar, “Design and Analysis of Composite Leaf Spring for Light Vehicles”, International Journal of
Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology, ISSN: 2319-8753, Vol. 2, Issue 5, May 2013, PP 1-10.
 Baviskar A. C. Bhamre V. G. and Sarode S. S. “Design and Analysis of a Leaf Spring for automobile suspension system- A Review”,
International Journal of Emerging Technology and Advanced Engineering, ISSN 2250-2459, Volume 3, Issue 6, June 2013, PP 406-410.
 Info@Loop-wheels.com, An advertising poster, “Loop-wheels: because sometimes it's good to reinvent the wheel”
Videos
 http://www.loopwheels.com
 http://youtube.be/R7C43kTkVQc
 http://youtube.be/lvGzvzGytQA
 https://www.kickstarter.com/projects/1205277475/loopwheels-for-a-
smoother-more-comfortable-bicycle

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