This document summarizes various dental anomalies related to number, size, shape and structure of teeth. It describes conditions such as hypodontia, supernumerary teeth, microdontia, macrodontia, fusion, gemination, dens invaginatus and others. The causes, characteristics and classifications of these anomalies are discussed. Various hereditary conditions affecting dentin or enamel formation like dentinogenesis imperfecta, amelogenesis imperfecta, dentin dysplasia and odontodysplasia are also summarized.

1. DENTAL ANOMALIES
UNDER THE GUIDANCE
OF:
DR.M.K.JINDAL
PRESENTED BY:
BUSHRA FARHAN
BDS 2010 BATCH

2. DENTAL ANOMALIES
NUMBER SIZE
SHAPE STRUCTURE

3. ALTERATIONS IN
NUMBER OF TEETH
Alteration in tooth number occur usually
during initiation or dental lamina stage of
dental development
The alteration may produce extra or
missing teeth

4. ANODONTIA
HYPODONTIA
OLIGODONTIA
SUPERNUMERARY TEETH

5. ANODONTIA
•Congenital absence of teeth
because of failure of development
of tooth germs.
•Total anodontia is rare.
•Partial anodontia (hypodontia) is
more common.

7. SUPERNUMERARY TEETH
 Supernumerary teeth are additional
number of teeth, over and above the
usual number for the dentition
 Mostly seen in
a. Gardner's syndrome,
b. Cleidocranial dysostosis syndrome
c. Cleft palate (or cleft lip)

8. CLASSIFICATION
CONICAL
SUPPLEMENTAL
TUBERCULATE
ODONTOME

9. CONICAL
• Most commonly found in permanent dentition.
• Usually present as mesiodens between the
incisors.

10. TUBERCULATE
• Commonly located on palatal side of
central incisors.
• Possess more than 1 tubercle or cusp.
• Associated with delayed eruption of incisors.

11. SUPPLEMENTAL
• Duplication of teeth in normal series &
found at the end of a tooth series.
• Most commonly found in permanent
maxillary lateral incisors.

12. ALTERATIONS IN SIZE OF
TEETH
Alteration in tooth size originate during
the Bell stage or proliferation stage of
tooth development.

14. MICRODONTIA
• Teeth that are smaller than normal.
• Most commonly affects maxillary lateral
incisors or maxillary third molars.
• Occur in a condition known as pituitary
dwarfism.
• Can cause spacing in primary and
permanent dentition.

16. MACRODONTIA
• Teeth that are larger than normal
• Hemifacial hypertrophy
• Can cause crowding in primary n
permanent dentition

17. ALTERATIONS IN
SHAPE OF TEETH
•Abnormalities in shape can originate
during the morphodifferentiation stage
of tooth development and are
manifested as alterations in crown and
root form.

18. FUSION
GEMINATION
CONCRESCENCE
DENS INVAGINATUS(DENS IN DENTE)
DENS EVAGINATUS
TALON CUSP
TAURODONTISM
DILACERATION
HYPERCEMENTOSIS

19. FUSION
Union of 2 normally separated tooth germs.
Must involve the dentin.
Cause :some physical force or pressure
produces contact of tooth germs.
Early contact: 2 teeth may be completely
united.
Late contact: union of roots only.

21. GEMINATION
Incomplete attempt of a tooth germ to
divide into two.
Tooth has two crowns or a large crown
partially separated.
Single (common) root and root canal.
Etiology of this condition is unknown

24. CONCRESCENCE
Fusion occurring after root formation has
been completed.
Teeth united by their cementum.
Mostly association with the maxillary
second and third molars.
Difficulty in tooth extraction.

26. DENS INVAGINATUS
Invagination in the surface of tooth crown
before calcification has occurred.
Also called tooth within a tooth.
Can cause development and spread of
dental caries.
Maxillary lateral incisor is the most
frequently affected tooth.

28. DENS EVAGINATUS
Tubercle or cusp located in the center of
the occlusal surface.
Affect predominantly premolar and molar
teeth.
Tubercle wears off relatively quickly
causing early exposure of the accessory
pulp horn that extends into the tubercle.

31. TALON CUSP
Accessory cusp located on the lingual
surface of maxillary or mandibular teeth
Pattern resembling an eagle's talon.
Maxillary central or lateral incisor are often
involved

33. TAURODONTISM
 Crowns of normal size and shape but have large
rectangular bodies.
 Pulp chamber is dramatically increased in its
apico-occlusal heights.
 Apically displaced furcations.
 Short roots and pulp canals.
 Involves molar tooth.
 Seen in association with amelogenesis imperfecta.
 Not recognizable clinically but on a radiograph.

35. DILACERATION
Abnormal bend in the root of a tooth.
Result of trauma to a developing tooth.
Difficulties during extraction or root canal
therapy.

37. HYPERCEMENTOSIS
Excessive build-up of cementum around
tooth
Evident on a radiograph
Affects vital teeth
Exact cause not known
Mostly seen in periapical inflammation,
tooth repair and teeth that are not in
occlusion

39. ALTERATIONS IN STRUCUTRE
OF TEETH
AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
DENTIN DYSPLASIA
ODONTODYSPLASIA

40. AMELOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
• Disturbance in enamel development
•Normal dentin & root
•Etiology: alteration of genes involved in the
process of formation & maturation of the
enamel.
•Three general types

42. • Defects in matrix formation
HYPOPLASTI
C
• Defects of matrix structure
and of mineral deposition.
HYPOCALCIFI
ED
• Alterations in enamel rod
and rod sheath structures.HYPOMATURE

43. DENTINOGENESIS IMPERFECTA
A hereditary abnormality in the formation of
dentin.
Teeth varies from gray to brownish violet to
yellowish brown color.
Crown fractures easily because of abnormal DEJ.
Pulp chambers and root canals may be partially
or completely obliterated.
Radiographically, the teeth exhibit thin, short
roots.

45. DENTIN DYSPLASIA
Rare disturbance of dentin formation.
Normal enamel but atypical dentin with
abnormal pulp morphology.
It is subdivided into two types:
TYPE 1
RADICULAR
TYPE 2
CORONAL

46. TYPE 1 (RADICULAR)
 Normal color & shape in both dentition.
 Exfoliate with little or no trauma.
Short or abnormal roots.
Pulp chambers & canals are usually
obliterated.
20 % of teeth with type I disease have
apical radiolucencies.

48. TYPE 2 (CORONAL)
Primary dentition appears as in D.I., but
permanent dentition is normal.
 Obliteration of the pulp chamber in
deciduous dentition.
Abnormally large pulp chamber in
permanent dentition.
 Roots are normal in shape & proportion

50. ODONTODYSPLASIA
• Hypoplastic & hypocalcified dentin & enamel
•central incisors > lateral incisors >canines
(maxillary)
•Delayed eruption.
•Ghostlike appearance in image.
•Marked reduction in amount of dentin.
•Thin enamel , less dense as usual.