Demographic Transition Research Paper

Demographic Transition Research Paper
Demographic and Environmental Transition
Demographic transition involves the changes a less industrialized country undergoes regarding birth
rates and death rates from being an industrialized country. The change implies the reduction of birth
and mortality rates from a less industrialized country into an industrialized country with reduced
birth and death rates. Several countries, especially the European countries, exemplify this mode of
transition in their historical information. Besides, the changes involved in demographic transition
filters down to the environment in the long–run. The surrounding environment suffers from the
expanded industrialization and due to the demographic transition (Smout, 2009).
This paper intends to focus on the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Better means of controlling and treating diseases emerged with many inventions focusing. More
improved birth control methods came up leading to a decrease in the pattern of birth rates as
compared to the past years.
Pollution continued to remain a menace in England during this period. The rise in pollution by the
increased number of industries led to the establishment of Environmental Control Policies. These
policies intended to control the level of pollution activities in England.
Stage 5 1991–present The modern industrialization period stands out as a more modern and
scientific period as compared to the previous years. The level of technology applied in the modern
industries in England continues to rise day by day. Presently, more established companies exist in
England, all specializing in different levels of products.
The patterns of death and birth rates continue to decline due to the invention of better scientific
preventive and control mechanisms. However, the population–level depicts a steady rise regarding
the number and distribution. England embodies several visions and policy statements which aim at
controlling the population levels by the year 2030. The goals seek to achieve a more balanced
portfolio regarding the birth rates and the population
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Classical And Modern Demographic Transition
The demographic transition process involves two perspectives which are perceived as the guideline
to nations around the world to contemplate the finest strategy in development, namely, classical and
modern demographic theories. Demographic transition exists between the traditional societies which
indicated by the high rate fertility and mortality and modern communities which have achieved the
low level of fertility and mortality (Demeny in Fischer:2014). Due to the immediate growth of world
population, government around the world enforce these both points of view to accelerate the
equality in developing the societies. Classical and modern mindsets have certain connections to
human and economic development in the simmilarities and diffferences. This essay will elaborate
the relation of human and economic development which are presented in classical and modern
demographic transition approaches. Human development refers to Ranis (2004) is the final target of
a nation through economic growth process and as an indicator of general welfare. In addition,
human development is an essential element for driving the ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
Firstly, classical and modern theory support the decremental in mortality is resulted by the reduction
of infectious disease. Secondly, classical and modern demographic transition have similar sequences
and stages. It begin from the first stage which is characterized by the high rate of fertility and
mortality and ends with the low rate of fertility and mortality rate. Still in classical, it also has
several opinions regarding its connection between human and economic development. Initially, both
views acknowledge on the importance of human and economic development attainment. Besides,
classical and contemporary demographers consider that urbanisation as an influential role in
demographic transition

Demographic Transition
Demographic transition is a model based on birth rate and death rate in a populace. As indicated by
this theory, each nation progresses through three distinct phases of population development. In the
first stage, the birth rate and the death rate are high and the growth rate of population is low. In the
second stage, the birth rate remains steady but the death rate decreases swiftly. Therefore, the
growth rate of the population rises rapidly. In the last stage, the birth rate begins falling and tends to
parallel the death rate. The growth rate of population is lingering.
The first stage is described by high birth rate and high death rate, giving a low growth rate of
population. Individuals mostly live in rural areas and their main occupation is agriculturally
dominated. In this stage, birth rates are high due to the lack and/or restriction of family planning
methods, traditional social and religious belief encouraging large families. Parents have more
children to adjust for high infant mortality and children begin working at an early age to add to the
family salary. Causes of a high death rate include diseases, famine and malnutrition, an absence of
clean drinking water and ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
The population starts to rise and the economy enters the period of economic expansion. Death rates
decline because of an increase in food supply due to agricultural revolution and improvement in
health and sanitation also causing reduction in child mortality. Citizens do not seek to regulate the
amount of their family as it is difficult to break with the past social or cultural traditions and
convictions towards family planning. Also, work opportunities increase and children can add more
to the family wage. As a product, the birth rate rests at the preceding high level. With enhancements
in the way of life and the dietary propensities for the general population, the life expectancy also

Society's Demographic Transition
Demographic Transition To begin with a demographic transition is basically the changes that occur
within a society's population whereby these are changes from high levels of crude birth and death
rates with a low rate of natural increase to lower levels of crude death and birth rates yet still having
a low rate of natural increase and having a higher total population, and all of these changes that
occurs goes back to either developments in economy or changes in standard of living. Now as we all
know each and every country has once experienced and witnessed changes in their population either
having transformations in favor of the population or the opposite thus causing many disadvantages
to the population. This process of the transition consists ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In ancient times up until today humans were still in stage one though now no country is any longer
in that stage, as every nation has now moved at least to stage two and has therefore experienced
many changes in their population according to().usually during the first stage people used to live on
hunting and gathering to get food and when there was enough food for everyone population used to
increase on the other hand if food was hard to find they usually saw a decline in their population.
Whereas stage two it's a stage of high growth which means there is a rapid decline in death rate yet
having a rapid growth in the population, therefore having a high natural increase, this is mainly
because of improvements in medicine or access to cleaner and healthier life. Usually, countries that
experience an improvement in their standard of living for example because of industrial revolutions
they tend to enter such a stage, such countries that entered this stage were North America and
Europe. Then comes the third stage is known as the stage of decreasing growth whereby BR
declines while DR stays declining and according to () NIR begins to moderate. In this stage, there
still is growth though slower than stage two a society enters this stage when people decide to have
fewer children which goes back to access to contraception and a better economic condition. Usually
developed countries with a good job and standard of living are in such stages which according to ()
that their economic conditions encourage them to have fewer children. Finally stage four the stage
of low growth in which there's a very low BR and CR and the possibility of even a low NIR, A
country reaches such a stage when CBR is equal to CDR and the NIR is almost zero. This happens
because women enter the labor force and people will have a

Demographic Trends Of The Demographic Transition Model
The demographic transition model shows historical population trends of two demographic
characteristics such as birth rate and death rate. (Grover, D. 2014). In 1929 a demographic observer
named Warren Thompson decided to make a chart that showed transitions in death and birth rates
changed in an industrialized society of the last two hundred years. (Montgomery, K. 2015). The
demographic model shows if population increased or decreased in all countries due to their economy
stability. If there were countries with high death and birth rate, what the factors that contributed to
the high or low rates such as not enough food, or what diseases people were getting to make those
rates increase. There are four phases of demographic transition. Stage 1 is known as the Pre–
transition stage. This is characterized by birth rates, and high fluctuating death rates. Stage 2 is
known as the Early Transition stage. During this stage rate begins to fall, while the birth rates
remain high, and the population begins to grow. Stage 3 is known as the Late Transition stage. In
this stage birth rate starts to decline, and the population growth begins to decline. Stage 4 is known
as the Post Transition stage. In this stage there is low birth and death rate, and population also
declines. According to demographers, the factors that lead to a decline in CDR during stage 2 and
stage 3 of the demographic transition stages was high birth rate, which mean the population

Israel's Demographic Transition Model
According to table 1.1, Israel's population is increasing at a moderate rate. The nation has a Rate of
National Increase of 13.33. With a life expectancy of 82.27, Israel's population is aging, yet not to an
extreme extent due to a crude birth rate of 18.48. Israel's population pyramid does exhibit their birth
rate, as a significant portion of the population is generally young. Their population pyramid does
exhibit the effect of WWII and the following search for independence as a Jewish state, as the
elderly population is lower for a nation of Israel's status, However, the offspring of Jewish European
migrants is seen in the population pyramid along the middle age ranges.
I expect Israel's population to increase in the future. Statistics in table 1.1 suggest a rise in
population due to the crude birth rate, crude death rate, and long life expectancy compared to world
and surrounding region. Furthermore, I expect immigration to increase Israel's population. Jews in
the surrounding Arab nations may flee to Israel to escape persecution and live in a Jewish state. ...
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Their birth rate is significantly higher than their death rate, although both are in decline. Israel's
independence largely affects their stage on the demographic transition model. At the founding of the
state of Israel, as the United State officially recognized the state of Israel and and President Truman.
The nation of Israel began in late 1940's, and was likely to have been in late stage 2 phase, due to
less urbanization and armed conflicts. After five Arab nations invaded Palestine after Israel's
independence, the Arab–Israeli war began. Israel entered stage 3 after the Arab–Israeli war ended
and United States aid to Israel provided

Demographic Transition In Canada
At present time, Canada is facing a significant demographic transition in its population. From last
century, the decrease in mortality, fertility and the increase in life expectancy lead to vast changes in
Canada's population. Aging of Canada's population becomes more and more severer. This research
paper is to study the correlation between demographic transition in Canada and how does the
transition impact on economic growth. To be more specifically, demographics variables can include
life expectancy, fertility and mortality; economic growth variables can include labour force and
public expenditure.
Recently, Statistic Canada has point out "Seniors are projected to become more numerous than
children in Canada by 2017 ––– a milestone in the country's history." (Statistics Canada, 2016) To
discuss more in depth, according to the data collected from Statistic Canada, there is a post–war
baby boom in 1950s, afterwards, there has been a steady decline in fertility. The median age in
Canada was 27.2 in 1956 and climbed to 39.5 in 2006 (Statistics Canada, 2016). With the decrease
in fertility and mortality, the problem of aging population in Canada occurs. In present time, those
great number of baby boomers are now leave to workforce and begin to retire. It results in the rise of
Canada's elderly dependency ration. (National Seniors Council(Canada), 2011) For elders, the
performance in many physical and mental tasks tend to decline with age, which ... Show more
content on Helpwriting.net ...
The transition is from high–mortality high–fertility to low–mortality low–fertility. Since people's life
expectancy is increasing, this demographic change lead Canada become an aging population
country. When elder people leave their working position, it results in a shortage of labour force.
Moreover, after retirement, elder people begin to claiming pension, public expenditure will

Why the Dominican Republic is in the Early Expanding Stage...
The Dominican Republic is a developing country in the early expanding stage of their demographic
transition. This means their Crude Birth Rate (CBR) is constant, their Crude Death Rate (CDR) is
decreasing exponentially, and their Rate of Natural Increase (RNI) is growing. All of these values
correspond to the number of births per 1000, number of deaths per 1000, and population growth or
the (CBR – CDR), is greater than zero indicating growth of population annually, respectively. These
values of the Dominican Republic and more are shown below in comparison to the average values
of the world.
Indicator Dominican Republic World Average
Population (mid–2013) 10.3 million 7,137 million
Projected Population (mid–2050) 13.1 million 9,727 ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
These are lower than the values of those of the world by .1% for these years, respectively. These
values mean that sex education and contraception use were high and have effectively increased since
1995. This is crucial for a developing country because much of the population in other countries like
Chad, Nigeria, and Cameroon have HIV/AIDS and thus are prone to more deaths because of it. This
is because there is a large dearth in health care. As the percent of the population, 15–49, with
HIV/AIDS decreases, the CDR will decrease and hopefully increase the population. The infant
mortality rate (IMR) indicates the number of deaths for a person under the age of 1 per 1000 live
births. The Dominican Republic's IMR is 27 or 2.7%. This, in comparison to the world average, is
significantly lower. This rate is caused by lack of healthcare, malnutrition and a low number in
urban population. The more a population is urbanized, the more access it has to proper food sources
and healthcare and as a result, better off to survive. With a lower than average IMR, the Dominican
Republic is effectively keeping a low CBR and can expect to see a decrease as more of the
population transitions from rural to urban.
Life expectancy at birth is a strong indicator of the quality of life and environment one is born in. If
war, famine, and disease overtake a country, the population less likely to live a long and fulfilling
life. A life

Assess The Validity Of The Demographic Transition Model
The demographic transition model is valid when applied to Djibouti, which is a lower developed
stage 2 country, because of the economic, social, and health factors found on the human
development index.
The demographic transition model is valid because of economic factors such as the Gross Domestic
Product per capita and labor force per occupation. In Djibouti, the average Gross Domestic Product
is $3,100. This is a low income compared to many countries, which is a reason Djibouti is
considered a lower developed country and classified as a stage 2 on the demographic transition
model; it cannot afford many of the luxuries other developed countries can. Another economic factor
that is found in Djibouti is the percentage of labor force occupations. It is estimated that about 75%
of people work in agriculture, 11% of people work in industries, and 14% of people work in
services. The high percentage of people working in agriculture proves that Djibouti is a lower
developed country because many ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
In Djibouti, the average life expectancy of a male is 60 years old while the average life expectancy
of a female is 63 years old. Compared to more developed regions, these are very low numbers. The
infant mortality rate is also high at 48.7 out of 1,000 children dying. These statistics are due to the
medical healthcare that still needs improvement and harsh agricultural lifestyle that takes place in
Djibouti. Low life expectancies are found primarily in lower developed countries because of poor
health conditions that still need improvement, and high infant mortality rates are found in lower
developed countries due to the diseases and poor sanitation that is still present within the country.
Therefore, Djibouti is a lower developed country and is classified as a stage 2, validating the
demographic transition

Demographic And Epidemiological Transition
1) One characteristic that is similar of demographic and epidemiological transitions is that they both
focus on mortality within a population. Both examine mortality changes within a population, and
can even measure mortality within the same population, (yet demographic does this on a overall
level and epidemiological in a cause–specific manner). It is clear that both transitions measure
mortality at the population level. 2) Demographic transition is focused on overall mortality while
epidemiological transition is focused on determinants of mortality. Demographic transition is
interested more in if people are dying and the numbers of people dying (with special attention paid
to fertility and mortality overall), while epidemiological transition

Indonesian Demographic Transition Essay
Introduction
The effects of population control programs on demographic change were not instant, and it takes
long serious effort to encourage the improvement of economic development in a country. According
to Paul J. Gertler (1994, p. 33), "Population control is a key element in a country's ability to
maintain and improve its economic and social welfare". Furthermore, this paper intends to explain
why the change of population structure has an effect on the society's economic condition in
Indonesia with examining the demographic variables.
This short paper is aimed to support the hypothesis that the demographic variables are important
influential factors on the economic development and significantly affect on the social welfare in ...
2006, p. 18). Thus the Indonesian population reached the conditions which sustain on the other
development supporting factors.
In general, Indonesia has been considered successful to reduce fertility and mortality rates. The total
fertility rate (TFR) in Indonesia decreased significantly from the average of 5.6 children per female
in 1971 to 4.6 in 1980, from about 3.3 in 1987 decreased to 3.02 in 1990 and continuously dropped
to 2.8 in 1994. From 1997 to 2002, according to Indonesia Demographic and Health survey 2002
(IDHS 2002, 2003), the TFR was 2.7 and declined to 2.6 children per female.
Figure 1 Sources: IDHS 2002 & technical report series monograph no.111
Meanwhile, the crude death rate in Indonesia in 1970 was 17, 7.9 in 1988, increased slightly to 9 in
1990 and dropped to only 6 in 2006. Furthermore, the infant mortality rate declined from 67 per
1,000 life birth in 1988, 56 in 1990, to 52 in 2000 (Demographic Indicators: Indonesia,
http://www.unicef.org). The decline in mortality rates in Indonesia were caused by better standard of
living, better families' health and better education which are also caused by family welfare
improvement.
Since the Indonesian government has already succeeded in lowering the

The Demographic Transition Model Analysis
In 2050, Argentina will be in stage four of the demographic transition model. This proposes that the
population growth will be approach zero, and Argentina will sustain an unvarying population. Most
of Europe, Japan, and the United States are perpetually in stage four. Argentina will then be
considered a developed country with most people in the working age group, with a tumbling birth
rate. This can be seen in the 2050 graph when the sides of the "pyramid" begin to straighten out or
become inverted all together. Eventually in the future, as the birth rate maintains a steady decline
and fewer children are being born, pronatalist policies will have to be put in motion. As the
population becomes older, there will not be enough working ... Show more content on
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Based on this rate, Argentina seems to have a good quality of living as well as a fair economic
stature and education system. With a crude birth rate at 19 and a crude death rate at 8, it can be
inferred that Argentina takes care of its elderly and helps young couples plan for their family. With
this understanding of the rate of natural increase, one could look at Argentina's infant mortality rate
as another positive demographic indicator.
Infant mortality rate depicts the number of deaths of children less than one year of age per 1,000
births within a country. Argentina has an infant mortality rate of 11.7 based on the 2013 World
Population Data Sheet, which is very low compared to the world average of 40 (9). Even though
Argentina's infant mortality rate (IMR) is lower than the world's average, it is not as low as one may
think when looking at their population of 41.3 million people. This means that nearly 826,000
babies under the age of one have died within their first year. On the other hand, the infant mortality
rate of Argentina is much lower than the majority of Africa and parts of Asia, which suggests that
Argentina has a sufficient healthcare and education system for women (2013 World Population Data
Sheet, 9). If the infant mortality rate is high, which in Argentina's case it is not, it would be a good
indicator that the country most likely lives in poverty and does not

Demographic Transition Essay
Demographic Transition A nation's demographic transitional stage is defined mainly by its rates of
fertility and mortality. As a country develops demographically, both of these rates decrease. In
Angola, the fertility rate is 6.3 children born per women. Additionally, the mortality rate is 11.67
deaths per 1,000 persons1. These rank as the third and twenty–ninth highest rates in the world,
respectively, and indicate that Angola is demographically a pre–transitional society. Angola has a
population of 20.82 million people which is in the top third of sub–Saharan countries2. The
population pyramid for Angola is very wide at its base with almost 10% of the population between
0–4 years of age. The pyramid sharply decreases in width ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
This trend is extremely important in Angola because of the stark inequity of resources between
urban and rural settings. The nation's capital, Luanda, is densely filled with affluence but is
surrounded on all sides by extensive slums. This disparity can best be seen through the oil industry.
Angola is the second largest producer of oil in Africa with this resource accounting for just under
half of the total GDP and 96% of total exports. Despite this, only 0.02 % of working citizens are
employed in the oil sector and a majority of rural citizens live below the poverty line6.
Epidemiologic Transition In "The Epidemiologic Transition: A Theory of the Epidemiology of
Population Change" Abdel Omran discusses how countries transition through three epidemiologic
phases as chronic diseases replace infectious diseases as the primary cause of mortality7. The first
stage is the Age of Pestilence and Famine where mortality is high and the life expectancy is between
20–40 years of age. The second stage is The Age of Receding Pandemics where mortality declines,
population growth increases, and life expectancy grows to 50 years of age. The third and last stage is
the Age of Man–Man Diseases when all infectious diseases have been replaced by chronic diseases.
Based on this model, Angola is currently in the Age of Receding Pandemics. One of the biggest
contributors to this progress in the second stage is the decline in

The Demographic Transition Theory
Unlike society a few decades before, the life expectancy has increased and now America is seeing
an exponential growth to the elderly population. There are many factors that could be the cause of
this. Looking at the demographic transition theory in conjunction with the Malthusian theory
brought valuable insight for me. The demographic theory says there are four stages to population
growth that are predictable. Those who are in their late 80's and above were capable of seeing all
four of these stages in America. As they aged and the stages for population advanced so did
technology. Malthusian theory claims that there are three factors that prevents the human population
exceed its carrying capacity, which are food, disease, and war. Those who lived through the four
stages of America were lucky enough to see technology advance to prevent those factors in being
lethal to our population. It became possible for adults to live on to see their grandchildren and
eventually their great grandchildren. However, having life for so long isn't always the best. There's a
quote from the movie The Dark Knight which I believe applies to this situation, "You either die a
hero or live long enough to see yourself become the villain.". This quote is evident in the film
"Living Old", because eventually you reach an age where your body and mind regresses, which
hurts your love ones. For example, in the film Mary Ann DiBerardino daughter of Chester and
Rosemary Haak has suffered seeing her parents

Demographic Transition and Environmental Timeline of...
Demographic and Environmental Timeline
Demographic transition is the process by which a nation/country moves from high birth rate and
high death rates to low birth and low death rates as the growth population in the interim (Weeks,
2005). Some of the nations that have gone through this transitions are; Canada, Germany, United
States and England. The demographic transition to an industrialized society is harmful to the
environment. Industrialized countries also have the largest ecological and carbon footprint
comparative to developing/non–industrialized nations. Nevertheless, demographic transitions have
some notable advantages. Countries that have gone through demographic transitions have low birth
and death rates. Citizens in ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Hitler can reduce the number of unemployment from 6 million in 1933 to 2.6 million in December
1934. Additionally, women are encouraged to venture into businesses.
Changing Population Size: With the signing of Versailles treaty in 1919, the population size is on the
increase as the country is stable due to the peaceful agreement. Besides, the nation is becoming
industrialized as it started some activities such as mining hence people are confident of residing in
Germany.
Birth and Death Rates: During this period, there are high birth rates compared to death rates
following the end of the world wars. Peace is slowly coming in the country thus encouraging
women to bear children once more.
Environmental Impact: Environmental impact is on the increase due to Industrialization. The nation
is advancing slowly in technology.
Stage 3 1960 Major Historical Changes: The East Germany government erects a wall to prevent its
citizens from going to West Germany. Another historical change was the voting system that changed
the voting age from 21 to 18 years (Coy, 1970). The Social Democratic Federal Chancellor Willy
Brandt leads the West in easing tension with the East. He kneels in Warsaw before the memorial for
the victims of Jewish uprising as a symbol of a German plea for reconciliation. However,
subsequent terrorist acts followed which made Germany to debate on the usage of Atomic Weapons.
The Berlin Wall fell in

1) Demographic transition: A demographic transition is when a country or population moves from a
state where there is a high birth and death rate, to a state where there is a low birth and death rate.
2) My online example is a Ted talk by Hans Rosling about global population growth. Within it,
Rosling maps the history of human population growth in industrialized and developing countries,
discusses how the wealth gap between the richest countries and the poorest contributes to population
growth, and counsels that increasing child survival rates in the poorest countries will be the only
way to halt population growth.
3) This talk connects to the key term of demographic transition because in order for the population
of the world to cease growing

Demographic Transition Theory
Do we live in an overcrowded world? Discuss the demographic transition theories as well as the
theories of Malthus and his critics before coming up with your own informed opinion
Overcrowding seems at this point to be an inevitable and freighting consequence of urbanization and
global population growth. But to answer if the world is overcrowded is highly relative to whom the
question is being asked. To those knowledgeable about the demographic transition theories will note
that the theories have nothing really to do with answering if the world is overcrowded. They could
use the mortality and fertility rate charts to see what countries are where on the scales but there is
not anywhere to label when the world is overcrowded. The theories can definitely point to trends in
fertility and mortality but it would hard to be able to conclude anything about an overcrowded
world. Since death and birth go hand in hand there always seems to be somewhat of a balance. If the
question was asked to the then alive Thomas Malthus he would probably answer yes to the world
being overcrowded. He would most likely share his theory on exponential population growth where
populations grown increasingly overtime always more than the previous year. Wherein populace is
growing but the supply of food and other necessities are now yielding at the same rate. He was able
to notice that high–volume populace change was apparent and could be debilitating to societies and
the globe. Personally I believe the

The Demographic Transition Of Nigeria
1. Stalled Demographic Transition in Nigeria
As countries become wealthier and make medical advancements, decline in fertility and mortality
rates follow. This demographic transition–usually coupled by industrialization and economic
development–is divided into four different stages. The first stage is categorized by equally high birth
and death rates, producing a relatively young population. Growth is limited by drought, disease, and
food supply, rather than by family planning. In the second stage, food availability and public health
improves. With fewer famines coupled with better sanitation, starvation and disease become less
common, reducing the death rate. As fertility rates have not changed, the population grows.
Developing nations are generally found within these first two phases while developed nations fall
into the later stages. In combination with availability of contraception, stage three introduces family
planning and female empowerment to the equation. Increased female education, employment
opportunities for women, urbanization, and rising wages results in women baring fewer children. As
such, stage three sees a decline in population growth, rectifying the imbalance from the previous
stage. In the last phase, stage four, birth and death rates begin to dip below the level of replacement,
leading to aging populations without enough people of working age to support the elderly. Examples
of these graying populations include Germany and Japan.
While some countries

The Global Demographic Transition
Throughout the globe, we are experiencing the greatest demographic transition of all time.
According to the UN DESA report, our world population is projected to grow at approximately 9.7
billion by 2050. This immense growth will predominantly occur in underdeveloped regions and
developed countries, such as Africa and the U.S. Parts of the globe has an increasing ageing
population, while others are having a huge influx of new youth. Mainly Europe and South America
will contain ageing growths, whereas Africa and Asia will have larger proportions of youth ages.
This particular dynamic is going to have desiccating affects towards our interconnected global
society, if stable governments and its citizens do not come up with viable solutions. My main ...
The issue does not lie with spacial capacity of earth, rather the resources are being deplet and
distributed unevenely. Fact is developed countries in North America and Europe need to corroborate
methods that will satisfy the majority, since there will always be critiques. Hundreds of millions of
people in developing regions, are struck with poverty and malnutrition. It is time for the leading
developed countries to take new measures into account, and setting examples for the future decades
of humanity and the

Demographic Transition Paper
2,000 years ago the world, in terms of population, was only the size of the United States of America,
300 million people. Today, the world's population is at seven billion and counting. If the population
rose at a steady rate from year 0, we would've reached 1 billion people by about 210 A.D. This,
however, was not the case. We reached 1 billion people in 1800 A.D, which means that there had to
be very odd growth periods for the population as a whole REWORD ME. From 0 to 1000 A.D. the
population only rose about 10 million people, "and well into the second millennium, [the
population] grew less than 0.1 percent each year" [1]. However, from the year 1800, with 1 billion
people worldwide, to 1930, the world gained another billion people. We then reached three billion
people in 1960, five billion in 1987, and 7 billion in 2013. One can clearly see that once we entered
the 19th century, the world's population started growing like a 14 year old boy going through
puberty; rapidly, and without any warning. One thing that can explain this growth is called the
Demographic Transition.The Demographic Transition is a theory that explains the growth.
Before the birth of urbanization it was very common for every second or ... Show more content on
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It is predicted that by 2100 we will have as many as eleven billion people in the world. Humans use
many of the earth's natural resources; water, wind, oils, etc. But the planet can only withstand so
much. Countries knock down habitats to build cities, destroy animal populations to build homes, and
abuse so much of what nature has to give us. It is very possible that all the things we use so much,
can one day disappear, and then what will happen? With the populations rising at the rates they are
rising no one can know for sure what will happen to our planet. For all we know, by 2100 the world
could've been hit by an asteroid and the people who survived could be living in

Malthus 's Theory Of The Demographic Transition Theory
In 1798, Thomas Robert Malthus was ahead of his time. Malthus, an English economist and
demographer, brought to life his theory on how an over–populated planet would not be able to
provide for those who reside on it (Macionis, 2013 p .635). Although Malthus was an economic
pessimist, he brought to light a very real truth. Now, 218 years later, Malthus's theory has in some
way become a reality. Although rich nations have slowed in regards to reproduction, poor nations
continue to have high birth rates which put a strain on the global aspects of the environment. As our
planet now holds over 7 billion people (US Census Bureau, 2016), scientists, economists, and
environmentalist's struggle to find a solution to our "growing" problem. One theory that explains
this population change is the demographic transition theory. This theory, defined as a thesis that
links population patterns to a society's level of technological development (Macionis, 2013 p. 636),
suggests that the key to population control lies in technology. Demographic transition theory is a
general description of the mortality, fertility and growth rates as societies move from one transition
to another. There are 4 main stages of the demographic transition theory. Stage 1 includes
preindustrial and agrarian societies in which high birth rates and high death rates were common
(Macionis, 2013 p. 637). With there being no form of birth control, children become an economic
value in the fields as workers. Death is

The demographic transition is compiled of four stages that attempt to summarize the population
shifts and economic development of countries. It is based on the levels of human fertility and
mortality, birth rates, and death rates to be precise. These levels of birth and death have correlated
with the evolution of industrialization and urbanization of areas. It illustrates the idea that over time
there has been a shift from high birth rates and death rates to low rates of birth and death. It
originated to describe the Western Experience in Europe, that first moved throughout the four stages.
To begin, in stage one the birth rates and death rates are both high. Birth rates can average 37 per
1000 births during the first stage and death rates ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
This decline in birth rates seems to be the result of adults starting to control their family size or even
government action. With the implementation of urban societies and an industrialized culture, the
want and need for many children had become less evident as children are seen as a hassle than a
benefit. Urbanization and industrialization are more common with more developed countries so
these countries have the ability to provide opportunities that are more attracting than raising
children. These countries have the money to invest in controlling birth rates, unlike poorer countries
that can't afford to help their people as much. It seems to be a pattern, that developed countries has
already gone through each stage because of their power to shape and implement technology into
their people daily lives, but it has lowered birth rates severely as well. The Demographic Transition
model will end with the fourth and final stage, which is characterized by low birth rates and low
death rates. This accounts for a very small increase in population and will add up to possibly over a
thousand years of doubling time to replace the current

Demographic Transition From Rural to Urban Areas
From 2000 until 2030 the urbanized areas will be nearly tripled1 because of the demographic
transition from rural to urban. The use of dark building materials, such as asphalt and concrete, leads
to a lower albedo in urbanized areas than in natural environment2, fostering local and global
warming. In turn, the increase in urban albedo might support climate stabilization efforts3. Here, we
investigate the potential effect of the increase in albedo in a representative set of European cities
relying on instantaneous radiative forcing (IRF), urban cooling and the consequent effect on
mortality, ozone formation and energy use. Apart from any geographical distinction, cities show that
the increases in albedo in compact cities have a cooling ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
Furthermore, we use the effect of the local variation in temperature on the heating and cooling
degree days (HDD) (CDD) as a proxy for the effect on energy use and on the related greenhouse–
gas emissions. Although these indicators are not representative of all t, they cover the most
important ones. We calculate the potential effect of the local unitary increase in albedo on IRF –
responsiveness (R) – for a sample of 145 cities and urbanized areas in three geographical areas:
southern; central; and northern Europe (see Methods). Low cloudiness and high solar radiation make
R in southern European cities two times higher than in other regions (see SI Table 1). The mean R in
northern European cities is slightly higher than in central European cities – with values of 46 and 45
Wm–2 respectively (Fig. 1) – since cloudiness is lower in northern Europe. This result shows that
climatological features would potentially make southern cities more effective that central and
northern European ones in counteracting climate change.
Apart from any geographical and climatological distinction, the peculiar size and the morphological
characterization of each city may play a role in affecting IRF. We calculate the potential increase in
average

Demographic Transition Essay
The demographic transition has been closely accompanied by an epidemiological transition in the
area of health, that is, a change in the profile of morbidity and mortality by cause, and the
distribution of deaths by age. This transition is apparent in the percentage reduction in deaths caused
by transmissible (respiratory, infectious and parasite–borne) diseases and in those in the perinatal
period, giving rise to a relative predominance of deaths caused by chronic and degenerative diseases
(of the circulatory apparatus and malignant tumors), as well as external causes (caused by violence,
accidents and injuries). This reflects both the greater drop in mortality for the first group of causes,
which mainly occur in children, as well as by the

Solving The Demographic Transition Model
Guatemala, the most populous country in Central America, is a textbook example of a country
firmly in stage 2 of the demographic transition model. A country steeped in rich culture, Guatemala
still has a sizeable population of Mayans, the ethnic group that populated the geographical region
pre–colonization. This minority is often the victim of marginalization, much like the Native
Americans of the United States. This, combined with the pressures of a rapidly increasing
population, create many complicated issues for the country to deal with as its next generation comes
of age. High fertility rates come with the territory of Guatemala 's current position in the
demographic transition model. If Guatemala doesn't keep its population in check ... Show more
One way to destroy the vicious cycle of high birth rates is to empower women through social
change, specifically, education. There is a proven connection between the education level of a
mother and how many children she will have, statistically. In the United States, birth rates of women
with less than 12 years of total education are more than triple their college–educated counterparts.
This can logically be applied to Guatemala's situation to find that if more women are educated, not
only in school, but in proper child care and contraception use, their Total Fertility Rate should
rapidly decrease to a more sustainable level. This is a one–two punch: not only will women have
less children, the ones they do have will likely be raised more effectively and are less likely to die of
disease in infancy. Guatemala must engage in a campaign to enroll more girls in school. This will be
difficult, due to the culture of the country. Women are expected to stay at home and work the fields.
Culture must shift to make progress, as it so often does. Guatemala's population issues don't just
deal with the numbers. Even once their population growth is slowed to a safe level, the people of
Guatemala deserve a higher quality of life on average. As stated before, more than half their
population is below the poverty line. Approximately 30% of their labor force works in agriculture,
and it only makes up 13.5% of their GDP. Many of the poorest households in this category

Industrial Revolutions
Historically, industrial revolutions have caused the most notable changes in work. The First
Industrial Revolution, driven by steam, and the Second Industrial Revolution, driven by electricity,
led to an increase in technology, production, and jobs––especially among women, as illustrated by
the photo of Rosie the Riveter, depicting a woman in the workforce urging other women to engage
in employment (Human Development Report; Miller). While there had been fears of future
unemployment due to the rapid rise in machines performing the tasks of people, in 1962, President
John F. Kennedy quelled these fears by claiming, "'If men have the talent to invent new machines
that put men out of work, they have the talent to put those men back to work'" ... Show more content
on Helpwriting.net ...
Early in "A World Without Work," The Atlantic expresses fear for future employment by predicting
"an era of technological unemployment" (Thompson 7). However, The Atlantic also notes, "The
U.S. labor force has been shaped by millennia of technological process....the total number of jobs
has always increased" (Thompson 7). While in the past, employers searched for pinsetters, milk
men, newspaper readers, ice cutters, and typists, now, those occupations as well as similar jobs have
been eliminated due to the increased role that technology has played. However, the United States
Department of Labor shows that new jobs are constantly appearing. In fact, "During the Clinton–
Gore administration, more than 19 million new jobs...[were] created–a rate of growth more than
twice that of the previous decade. High–technology industries account for one million of these new
jobs" ("Futurework"). With the increase in technology around the world, thus, an increase in
globalization, new generations have used technology as a resource rather than a limitation in order
to create more unconventional work, as demonstrated during the Clinton–Gore

Demographic Transformation Model And The Demographic...
The Demographic Transition Model is a simplification for the conventional process of shifts in
population growth in our world's countries. The Demographic Transition Model, also known as
DTM, is derived from Great Britain's model of their demographic cycle between the 1750s and the
1900s. It consists of five different stages, with the phases being low growth, increasing growth,
population explosion, decreasing growth, and declining population. These phases are defined by a
triple line graph of the crude birth rate, crude death rate, and the total population per one thousand
people. The DTM applies to almost every country, but the different stages of the model the countries
fit in varies. There are no countries remaining in Stage 1 anymore. Though, some are making it into
Stage 5, and the addition of a Stage 6 is being considered. The purpose of this report is to analyze
five varying countries' populations from over the years and compare their process to the
Demographic Transition Model. By comparing each country with the model and using their
population pyramid graphs, the goal is to discover how precisely and where the countries fit.
The focus of the procedure of this report is population pyramids. A population pyramid is a graph
that illustrates the composition of that population by age and gender. It can provide insight on the
political and social aspects of a society, as well as their economy. On the left side, typically, the
population is displayed in horizontal

The Story Of Tom Brennan Essay
Individuals respond in various ways to transitioning into a new phase of life and society, these
transitions can be challenging and confronting. They can also be transformative and thus some
individuals accept and others reject because it'll often initiate a series of consequences that may
accelerate one's personal growth and involuntarily change one's perspective and/or attitude. These
ideas are manifested in J.C Burke's, 'The story of Tom Brennan,' a move about the transitions that
characters face after an indelible accident. In correspondence to the short story, 'Neighbours' by Tim
Winton and is about a young couple moving from the city to the village and finding it difficult to
reside with the European migrants.
Both texts, while exhibiting ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
They find it difficult to fit in with the new environment. This is in correlation when 'Tom moves
from hometown to Coghill and finding it hard to cope'. Primitively, the young couple entrenches a
negative attitude towards the village, evident in "When they first moved in, the young couple were
'wary' of the neighbourhood," which uncover their cautiousness towards the place and people and
also showing that they are judgemental. Their negative attitude is fortified in the simile, "It made the
newly–weds feel like sojourners in a foreign land", the word 'foreign' has a derogatory nature
because the couple feel like outsiders which coincidentally/fortuitously expose the couples fear of
the neighbourhood, thus creating a physical barrier between them. As they live together longer, they
experience the kind side of human nature, the neighbours helped fix the couple's broken chicken pen
and generously offered them free vegetables. Eventually, the couples "no longer walked with their
eyes lowered. They felt superior and proud"–depict a sense of liberation as the couple no longer
need to live with wariness, the emotive language 'superior and proud' delineate their reshaped
positive attitude toward the

The Human Population : Demographic Transition Model
The Human Population: Demographic Transition Model
The demographic transition model is a picture of population change over a period. In 1929
American demographer, Warren Thompson, observes the changes or shifts in birth and death rates in
industrialized societies over a 200 year period. There are four stages of the Demographic Transition
Model; Stage One (Pre–Modern) or High Flunctuating, up through the 18th Century and mostly
agricultural, Crude Birth Rates (CBR) and Crude Birth Rates (CDR) are both high (30–50 per
thousand). The population growth is slow and fluctuating. Infectious diseases and poor hygienic
behaviors and not having clean drinking water mean few children nor adults can survive if there is
little or no access to medicine. In Stage Two, Early Expanding, there is a rising population rate
(CBR) increase and a (CDR) decline. High birth rates and low death rates mean life longer
expectancy of a population resulting in population growth. It also means better sanitation conditions,
better food quality and having the necessary medicine to combat illnesses. Transitioning to Stage
Three, Late Expanding there is a decline in CDR and CBR. The population rises and birth rate fall.
Living standards and income levels change for the better. Women have fewer children, become
players in the workforce and seek higher educational levels along with their male counterparts. In
Stage Four or Low Fluctuating , the human population stabilizes due to little CDR but more

Industrialization : The Demographic Transition Model
Industrialization is "the large–scale introduction of manufacturing, advanced technical enterprises,
and other productive economic activity into an area, society, country, etc" ("Industrialization"). A
visual representation that demonstrates industrialization and its stages is the Demographic Transition
Model. The Demographic Transition Model refers to the change of a country 's birth rate and
population growth due to the effects of industrialization. This model displays the transition of
countries from high birth and death rates to low birth and death rates, and as well as a higher
population as a result of an industrialized economy. In other words, it is suggested that
industrialization benefits a country, in terms of population (Grover, Drew). There is, however, a
downside to industrialization, in which such economies and their activities leads to industrial
pollution. Industrial pollution is one of the leading causes of pollution worldwide, for example, in
China, pollution has become to be a serious problem as a result of their rapid industrialization. In the
United States, "the Environmental Protective Agency estimates that up to 50% of the nation 's
pollution is caused by industry" ("What Is Industrial Pollution?") and it is because of this that it has
come to the attention of many nations the need to find alternatives to decrease the amount of
industrial pollution. As nations become more aware, policies and restrictions have been enacted to
help the environment, but

Mexico 's Demographic Transition : Public Policy And...
Berry, B. J., Hall, L. S., Hernandez–Guerrero, R., & Martin, P. H. (2000). México 's demographic
transition: Public policy and spatial process. Population and Environment, 21(4), 363– 383.
Retrieved from http://web.b.ebscohost.com/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer?sid=8682dba3–0cfb–4608–
bc36– 42cf5849d36e@sessionmgr111&vid=16&hid=116 This article presents a case study on the
demographic transition of Mexico using crude birth rates and crude death rates from 1899–1993 at
five year intervals. The article goes into an in–depth analysis of changes in birth and death rates
using a logistic equation. The study also analyzes the CBR and CDR of each Mexican state to
uncover any possible spatial distribution that goes with the demographic transition. The study also
investigates the influence of two programs in relation to the demographic transition. The results
showed that an equity–focused program commenced an almost evenly distributed mortality decline
among poverty areas and those surrounding them. The other program was focused on family
planning and seemed to have been slow to diffuse to periphery regions of urban areas. While this
study is focused on the demographic transition, it is not relevant to the approach to the DTM as my
project will demonstrate. Brezis, E., & Young, W. (2003). The new views on demographic transition:
A reassessment of Malthus 's and Marx 's approach to population. The European Journal of the
History of Economic Thought, 10(1), 25–45. Retrieved from

Demographic Transition Stages
Global population; it's what has been mystifying and engaging our human geographers for centuries.
In fact, the various stages of the demographic transition have shown what the population is acting as
now, and how it will change in the future. Starting right here in the United States, we are having a
very successful time maintaining a small growth population. Our 1.83 child per woman ratio is
slightly below the zero growth 2.03, but our population continues to grow because of our
governmental decision to approve immigration into the country. Because of this vital decision, it
allows our population to continually grow. Now, back to the demographic transition stages. The
United States is currently in Stage 4 along with many other Developed European

Discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the demographic...
The demographic transition model describes how the population of a country changes over time. It
gives changes in birth rates and death rates, and shows that countries pass through five different
stages of population change (Stage one – High fluctuation, Stage two – Early expanding, Stage three
– Late expanding, Stage four – Low fluctuating and Stage five – Decline) The demographic
transition model has both strengths and weaknesses for example some strengths would include that
the demographic transition model is a universal concept, therefore being able to be applied to every
country in the world, Another strength would be that the model shows a change over time and can
be seen as a predictor, with the expectation that every country ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
It also shows change over time and can also shows change over time and can be used as a head start
point for discussion about how to help LEDCs to develop. However the Demographic Transition
model also has its weaknesses some weakness would include the fact that the demographic
transition model does not include the role of the government, some governments may put antenatal
and prenatal operations in place to encourage the decrease or to increase the birth rate within these
countries, therefore countries like China that are antenatal and have the one child policy put in place
and countries like the UK which are prenatal and offer child benefits may show fluctuation of the
birth rate in stages it should be decreasing or increasing in. Further more In stage four, the UK
experienced a post–war baby boom where the birth rate should be steadily decreasing – this shows
that the demographic transition model does not include the impacts of wars, natural hazards or
migration either. In addition another weakness would be that it is Eurocentric based and therefore is
assuming that all other countries in the world will follow the European sequence of economic
changes

Part A: Demographic Transition Model
Part A) Demographic Transition Model
1)
In Stage one, birth and death rates high, but have a low total population due to the high death rates.
In Stage two, the birth rates take a very minor dip in the graph, but maintains its birth rate. The death
rate is decreasing due to increasing amounts of knowledge towards medicine as time goes by. The
total population is increasing due to the death rates decreasing.
In Stage three, the total population is increasing at a greater rate than in the previous stages. The
birth rates and death rates are decreasing because of many factors in society, but the most prevalent
factor is due to the increase use of birth control.
In Stage four, the population is increasing, and is soon approaching ... Show more content on
Helpwriting.net ...
This Pyramid is similar to Stable Pyramids, but has a lower birth and death rate. Contracting
Pyramids have slightly longer life expectancies, and has an older average population in comparison
to the Stable Pyramid.
Part D – Population Distribution, Consumption and Sustainability
a) At the current world population growth rate, I believe there won 't be sufficient resource to help
support this rate due to limited resources such as water, farming area, housing, etc with our current
technology. However, I do believe that after a breakthrough in technology, there would be more
population growth in the world, but would slowly come to a point where it simply can't sustain any
more and this cycle would go on until technology stops advancing. It is difficult to maintain this at a
constant rate without decreases at any point with the expanding number of people while Earth has
only finite resources. Theoretically though, if we were to able to constantly increase efficiency with
our land space, and colonize other planets, the population of the human species would always
increase.
b) The world population is not equally distributed. There are few countries that have high population
densities. Places situated on the coast have good climate conditions for vegetation, which is the
reason why there are usually high population densities situated on the coastline in population density
geographical maps.
c) There are many key things that determine population density in a certain area.

A demographic transition is the transition from a populace with high conception rates and passing
rates to a populace that is steady, yet with a much lower level of conception and demise rates. stage.
Amid this stage, the conception rates start to decay for some reasons. Generally, individuals
understand that they probably won't need to deliver expansive quantities of posterAmid the first
stage, the preindustrial stage, populace becomes gradually due to a high conception rate and a high
passing rate. These high demise rates are brought on by poor nourishment and starvation, poor levels
of cleanliness, and high measures of sickness. The high conception rates were because of a few
nations having constrained anticonception medication which prompts more kids. High newborn
child death rates support the conception of more youngsters. Kids are likewise seen as an issue
source in wage, hence it would be all the more financially advantageous to have more children.
Because of these variables populace development is little. ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net
...
These progressions lead to the control of sicknesses, the creation of more nourishment, better
employments, and enhanced restorative consideration and sanitation. As the passing rates diminish,
the conception rates stay high on the grounds that individuals are still usual to creating more
youngsters, and amid this stage they have more nourishment and assets to help bigger families. As
an issue of the declining passing rates and high conception rates, the human populace will increment
at a fast

Theory of Demographic Transition Essay
The Theory of Demographic Transition
Demography is the study of the components of population variation and change. Death rate and birth
rate are two determinants of population change. Theory of Demographic Transition is comparatively
recent theory that has been accepted by several scholars throughout the world. This theory embraces
the observation that all countries in the world go through different stages in the growth of
population. A nation's economy and level of development is directly related to that nation's birth and
death rates. Population history can be divided into different stages. Some of the scholars have
divided it into three and some scholars have divided it into five stages. These stages or
classifications demonstrate a ... Show more content on Helpwriting.net ...
But the death rate exceeds the birth rate, which triggers the population increasing very slowly or
almost stable. In this stage, birth rate becomes high due to less use of contraception and sterilization.
Most of the people do survive in agriculture where the children are considered as economic assets
and so people are encouraged to get many children. Similarly death rate becomes high due to
diseases, natural calamities, wars, etc. Infant death rate is also found very high. Because of poor
health facilities provided by the state to the people, lack of clean water and sanitation and food
shortage, health of the people will be weak so that the people will depart the life in high numbers.
Before 1920, China and India were at this stage (Raj, H. 2003). This stage is generally found in the
countries where people depend on agriculture as a main source of surviving. At present, the
countries like Nigeria, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Angola, etc. are passing through this stage (Raj, H.2003)
The Early Expanding Stage:
This is the second stage of the Theory of Demographic Transition. In this stage, birth rate does not
come down from the High Stationary Stage but death rate gets very much declined, which triggers
very rapid growth in the population change. In this stage, the nation provides the better public health
services to the people so that the people will not depart from the life so rapidly, and the declining in
infant

Demographic Transition Model For Kenya
Kenya, is a country that is located in Africa, is facing tough times to keep alive. The Demographic
transition model for Kenya is stage 3. The CBR is 31, CDR is 7 and Natural increase rate is 2.11%,
so this proves that Kenya is in stage 3 based on CBR, CDR, and NIR. The carrying capacity is fine
know but later there will issues with the carrying capacity. The amount of people that work in
agriculture is 4,528 people. The physiological density of the county is 1, 911. The Demographic
indicators were offered opportunities to strength its economy as a prominent number of citizens will
be in their working years, lower birth rates, low death rates that show the pace of the whole
population and finally educations have been joined time and again to

Pol Pot
Name:
Tutor:
Course:
College:
Date:
Introduction
Pol Pot was a young man who led the Khmer Rouge. Being a leader of the Khmer Rouge, Pol Pot
led a rebellion alongside the regime of Cambodia. Due this, he was, therefore, elected leader of
Cambodia in the year 1975. Pol Pot's leadership was cruel, harsh and brutal. For instance, he
confidently commanded civilians to move out of towns and cities into the country side. When they
discarded his command, he forced them to move. This led to the creation of several camps and farms
in the country side. However, the increased movement of people into the country side led to the
accumulation of starvation and death of around half a million civilians (Weltig, ... Show more
He, therefore, continued with his cruelty and brutality.
Pol Pot relied on coercive power in leadership. He used threats to influence his people to do what he
desired. He forced his people to submit to his demands and command. For instance, pot used the
threat tactic to force his people to move from the cities into the country side. During the war
between his revolutionary army and the Vietnamese representatives over the disputed border and
islands in Thailand, he forced his people into the army. He used threats to influence them. Similarly,
Pot also used the threat tactic to influence young teenagers to remain his followers (Ganeri, 2010).
Dictator Pol Pot held goals of attaining independence in Cambodia. He was also determined in
making both social and economic reforms in Cambodia. However, he did not achieve his goals. This
was due to his fall in the year 1978. The effects of his poor leadership were the major causes of his
fall. Based on the behaviorism approach, a leader should portray good characters that are beneficial

to his people. Good behavior is rewarded while bad behavior is punished (Chandler, 1999).
Therefore, his behavioral consequences were punished because he failed in his leadership. Due to
his harsh and brutal leadership, revolts were made against him. As a result, he lost power before
achieving his goals. Therefore, good leadership traits and behavior would lead pol to achieving

Demographic Transition Of Pre Industrial
demographic transition theory is a widespread explanation of the changing mold of humanity,
fertility and increase rates as civilizations move from one demographic system to another. "The term
was first coined by the American demographer Frank W. Notestein in the mid–twentieth century, but
it has since been elaborated and expanded upon by many others" (The Demographic Transition,
2012). There are four stages of demographic transition.
The first stage of the demographic transition is called pre–industrial. In this stage, the population is
stable. The birth and death rates are both high. The death rates are at a high due to the increase of
disease, poor medical and personal hygiene care along with the limited supplies of food. With the
death rates being high, people are having more babies to help with mortality rates being so high.
With the birth and death rates being equal, the population growth stays at a zero.
The second stage of the demographic transition theory is called the transitional stage. In this state
the population starts to increase. This happens because the birth rates are high and the death rates are
starting to decline. The second stage is when the "development of modern medicine and food
distribution is started to take hold and the death rate starts to diminish." (Saucedo, 2011)
The reason the death rates are starting to decline is due to the reason that the country is transitioning
into an industrial county. This means that there are improvements in the

Demographic Transition Research Paper

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